Short-span thin coal seam shearer

Abstract

The present invention relates to a short-span thin coal seam shearer, which includes a cutting system, a fuselage, guiding sliding shoes, a dragging connection device and supporting sliding shoes. The root of the motorless rocker arm of the cutting system is rotationally supported in the static housing of the non-swing transmission part. Large and medium-sized parts such as the cutting motor, large gear and planetary mechanism of the cutting system do not change their positions with the swing of the rocker arm. The static housing is fixed on the fuselage and is located in front of the fuselage, and the two form the basic framework of the shearer. The guiding sliding shoes and the supporting sliding shoes are both installed on the basic framework, and they respectively support the rear part and the middle part of the basic framework from below. The fuselage is floatingly connected with the dragging chain of the scraper conveyor through the said dragging connection device. The present invention can solve the structural layout problem of a low-body high-power thin coal seam shearer for extremely thin or thin coal seam working faces with complex conditions such as low mining height and high coal and rock hardness.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a shearer for thin coal seams, which can be adapted to the mining of extremely thin or thin coal seam working faces with complex conditions such as low mining height and high hardness of coal and rock. Background Art

[0002] For the mining of thin or extremely thin coal seams, the mining height is often low (some mining heights reach the requirement of 0.8 m), and the geological conditions are complex (such as coexistence of coal and rock and high hardness), etc. Therefore, in order to improve the reliability of the shearer, while requiring the body of the shearer for thin coal seams to be short enough, the installed power is required to be larger and larger to improve its adaptability. However, as the power increases, the sizes of the motor, transmission system, etc. also increase correspondingly. When mining thin coal seams, the working face of the coal mining machine usually has a small space. If the external dimensions of the shearer are too large, the peripheral space of the shearer will be compressed. For example, the clearance between machines and the coal passing height will be reduced, which will seriously affect the passing and loading of the shearer. Therefore, the improvement of the installed power makes the already difficult problem of structural layout of the shearer for thin or extremely thin coal seams more prominent.

[0003] The industry has proposed and gradually used a technical solution to move large and medium-sized parts such as motors and transmission gears from above the original scraper conveyor to the side close to the coal wall, that is, to adopt the way of hanging the body to solve the layout problem of large and medium-sized parts. This method can be used for shearers in relatively thin coal seams, but still cannot meet the mining of extremely thin or thin coal seams. Moreover, although this method can improve the structural layout problem to a certain extent, for example, it helps to increase the clearance between machines, it also brings other prominent problems, such as the structural height of the shearer arranged between the left and right drums on the side close to the coal wall is too high, the span between the drums is too large, the adaptability of the drums to the mining height is poor, the height of the shearer surface under the support is high, the coal passing space above the scraper conveyor is small, and the adaptability to the undulating working face is poor, etc. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a shearer for thin coal seams with a short span, so as to solve the difficult problem of structural layout of a shearer for thin coal seams with a short body and high power in extremely thin or thin coal seam working faces with complex conditions such as low mining height and high hardness of coal and rock.

[0005] The main technical solutions of the present invention are as follows:

[0006] A short-span thin coal seam shearer, comprising a cutting system, a fuselage, guiding sliding shoes, a dragging connecting device and supporting sliding shoes. The cutting system includes a non-swing transmission part, a motorless rocker arm, a cutting motor and an oil cylinder. The non-swing transmission part includes a stationary housing and two sets of front-stage transmission systems arranged on the left and right inside the stationary housing. There are two motorless rocker arms on the left and right, each including a rocker arm housing and a rear-stage transmission system arranged inside the rocker arm housing. There are two motor mounting cavities and two rocker arm mounting cavities on the left and right inside the stationary housing. One of the cutting motors is fixedly installed in each motor mounting cavity. The roots of the rocker arm housings of the two motorless rocker arms on the left and right are respectively rotatably supported in the two rocker arm mounting cavities on the left and right. The output shaft of each cutting motor is connected to the corresponding rear-stage transmission system through the corresponding front-stage transmission system. The input end of the rear-stage transmission system is provided with a large gear and a planetary mechanism coaxially connected in sequence. The large gear and the planetary mechanism are arranged in the chamber at the root of the corresponding rocker arm housing. The axis of the large gear is coaxial with the rotation center of the root of the rocker arm housing. Each motorless rocker arm corresponds to one oil cylinder. The two ends of the oil cylinder are respectively hinged to the stationary housing and the corresponding rocker arm housing. The axis of the large gear and the hinge axes at both ends of the oil cylinder both extend in the front-rear direction. The stationary housing is fixed on the fuselage and is located in front of the fuselage. The two form the basic frame of the shearer. The guiding sliding shoes and the supporting sliding shoes are both installed on the basic frame, and they respectively support the rear part and the middle part of the basic frame from below. The fuselage is floatingly connected to the dragging chain of the scraper conveyor through the dragging connecting device.

[0007] The output end of the front-stage transmission system adopts a small gear and an intermediate gear set that mesh externally with each other. The intermediate gear set meshes externally with the large gear. The intermediate gear set includes an eccentric shaft, an eccentric sleeve, a bearing and an intermediate gear. The eccentric shaft includes reference shaft segments at both ends and an eccentric shaft segment in the middle. On the surface of the eccentric shaft segment, an outer eccentric groove and an inner eccentric groove that extend axially and are closed at both ends are respectively provided at the positions farthest and nearest from the axis of the reference shaft segment. On the wall of the hole of the eccentric sleeve, a key groove that extends axially and is not closed at both ends is provided at the thickest part of the wall thickness. The eccentric sleeve is sleeved on the eccentric shaft segment. The key groove is paired with the outer eccentric groove or the inner eccentric groove and forms a key connection with a key between the eccentric shaft and the eccentric sleeve. The reference shaft segments at both ends of the eccentric shaft are both fixed on the stationary housing. The intermediate gear is installed on the outer cylindrical surface of the eccentric sleeve through the bearing. The intermediate gear is located between the small gear and the large gear and meshes externally with them respectively. The axes of the small gear, the intermediate gear and the large gear are located in the same plane. The eccentric shaft has two optional installation positions, which are respectively the positions where the outer eccentric groove and the inner eccentric groove are closest to the axis of the large gear.

[0008] A housing notch is provided on the common side wall between the rocker arm mounting cavity and other adjacent cavities on the stationary housing. A rocker arm housing notch is provided on the root side wall of the rocker arm housing. In the installed state, the rocker arm housing notch always has a partially overlapping area with the housing notch in the circumferential direction. The intermediate gear set and the large gear are kept meshed in the overlapping area of the housing notch and the rocker arm housing notch.

[0009] A bearing seat is also fixed on the inner wall of the cavity at the root of the rocker arm housing near the large gear. The input shaft diameter of the large gear is supported on the inner wall of the bearing seat through a bearing. A bearing seat notch is provided on the side wall of the bearing seat. The circumferential position and size of the bearing seat notch are preferably kept consistent with those of the rocker arm housing notch.

[0010] Guard plates are installed on the left and right sides of the stationary housing. The stationary housing, the left and right rocker arm housings, and the corresponding side guard plates together enclose a closed cavity on each of the left and right sides. The two oil cylinders on the left and right are respectively located in the two closed cavities on the left and right.

[0011] The cutting system further includes two sets of hydraulic systems on the left and right. The rear spaces of the two sets of front-stage transmission systems in the stationary housing are respectively set as an oil tank. The two sets of hydraulic systems are respectively installed in the two oil tanks on the left and right. A transmission shaft in the front-stage transmission system replaces the pump motor of the corresponding side hydraulic system to provide power for the hydraulic system. The hydraulic pressure output by the hydraulic system serves as the hydraulic driving force of the corresponding side oil cylinder.

[0012] The fuselage is a solid fuselage without internal transmission. Most of the top surface of the fuselage is set as an inclined surface with the front higher than the rear. The middle part of the front of the bottom surface of the fuselage is set as a concave surface.

[0013] The guide shoe is hinged to the fuselage by passing through a rotary pin. The hinge axis extends in the front-rear direction. The pin hole on the guide shoe for passing through the rotary pin is a waist-shaped hole with a width greater than the height in the left-right direction. The front side and the rear side of the guide shoe are both smooth transition surfaces with the middle part being outward and the left and right ends being inward.

[0014] The upper part of the support shoe is hinged to the fuselage. The hinge axis extends in the front-rear direction. The bottom of the support shoe is provided with two support surfaces, namely the second support surface and the first support surface, from front to back. The first support surface is higher than the second support surface. Wear-resistant layers are provided on both the first support surface and the second support surface.

[0015] The dragging connection device may include a connecting plate and a connecting hook. One end of the connecting plate is hinged to the fuselage through an upper connecting pin. The diameter of the pin hole on the connecting plate for passing the upper connecting pin is larger than that of the upper connecting pin. The other end of the connecting plate is hinged to one end of the connecting hook through a lower connecting pin. The hinge axes of these two hinges both extend left and right. The other end of the connecting hook is provided with a cylindrical structure with an axis extending left and right. This cylindrical structure is arranged in the chain trough of the scraper conveyor and is slidably connected to the chain trough. Each end of the cylindrical structure is connected to a dragging chain.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0017] The present invention adopts a cutting system with a brand-new structure, enabling the swinging transmission part to swing around a fixed axis relative to the non-swinging transmission part, and placing large and medium-sized components such as the cutting motor, planetary mechanism, and large gear in the housing of the non-swinging transmission part. When the swinging transmission part rotates, the positions of the large and medium-sized components remain unchanged. Therefore, when the front drum cuts the bottom coal to create a passage for the suspended fuselage and the rear drum cuts the top coal to leave a remaining coal platform, they will not be affected by the large and medium-sized components. Thus, the rocker arm housing will not interfere with the coal platform, realizing the suspended fuselage layout method, reducing the height of the shearer fuselage, and ensuring the required cutting height range.

[0018] The present invention arranges the large and medium-sized components of the shearer in area C close to the coal wall, the medium and small-sized components of the shearer in area B, and the small-sized components or short-sized parts in area A under the thick beam of the support, thereby ensuring that under the condition of low cutting height, the overall structure of the low-body high-power thin coal seam shearer can be successfully arranged, and maintaining sufficient clearances between the shearer and the support, and between the shearer and the scraper conveyor, so as to meet the mining requirements of undulating roof and floor, coal and gangue, etc., and ensure the smooth mining of extremely thin or thin coal seams under complex conditions such as coexistence of coal and rock.

[0019] The present invention sets the top surface of the fuselage located under the top beam of the support to an inclined surface that is higher at the front and lower at the rear, and sets the bottom surface of the middle part of the fuselage to a concave surface that is concave in the middle in the front-rear direction, so as to ensure sufficient space between the fuselage and the top beam and the chute of the scraper conveyor, thereby improving the adaptability of the thin coal seam shearer to the working face with undulating conditions.

[0020] In the cutting system of the present invention, due to the adoption of a gear speed change mechanism with an eccentric shaft and an eccentric sleeve as the core, by changing the installation directions of the eccentric shaft and the eccentric sleeve and replacing the large gear and the small gear with different sizes, a wide range of speed changes can be achieved. By matching different specifications of drums, more choices can be made for parameters such as cutting force and cutting linear speed, so as to adapt to the mining of various materials with different hardnesses such as coal and rock.

[0021] The present invention uses the stationary housing, the rocker housing, and the guard plate to jointly enclose a closed cavity, providing a good external working environment for the oil cylinder, avoiding adverse effects on the oil cylinder caused by pulverized coal and gangue, etc., making the telescoping of the oil cylinder more reliable and having a longer service life, thereby providing a more reliable and high-quality support for the rotation of the rocker relative to the non-swing transmission part.

[0022] The present invention leads out a branch from the non-swing transmission part to replace the pump motor to provide power for the pump group of the hydraulic system. Since the power of the cutting motor is much greater than that of the pump motor, even if the power demand of the hydraulic system is large, it does not require a larger installation space like a traditional pump group due to the need to equip a larger power pump motor. Therefore, the hydraulic system has a compact structure and sufficient power.

[0023] The present invention makes full use of the idle space in the stationary housing of the non-swing transmission part, uses it as the oil tank of the hydraulic system, and installs the hydraulic system in it, making the structure of the shearer more compact, neither increasing the machine surface height nor increasing the span of the drum.

[0024] The present invention sets support skids below the middle part in the front-back direction of the basic frame composed of the fuselage and the stationary housing, and sets guide skids and a dragging connection device below the rear part. The support skids and the guide skids are used to keep the shearer stable, and at the same time, the guide skids are used to maintain sliding cooperation with the track for normal guiding to ensure the normal walking of the shearer. By adopting the combination of the guide skids and the dragging connection device and the floating connection of the dragging connection device with the fuselage, the guide skids bear the cutting reaction force of the shearer, and the dragging connection device only bears the dragging force in the left-right direction, greatly reducing the wear at the chain trough and greatly improving the service life of the dragging connection device.

[0025] The present invention adopts support skids with double support surfaces, not only doubling the contact area, but also the second support surface can move the support position towards the coal wall direction, greatly improving the stability of the shearer with a suspended fuselage. Description of the Drawings

[0026] Figure 1 is a horizontal sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the front view (left and right sides) of the cutting system in

[0028] Figure 3 is Figure 1 the partial sectional view (left side) of the cutting system in

[0029] Figure 4 is Figure 1 the longitudinal sectional view of the embodiment shown;

[0030] Figure 5 For Figure 3 the structural schematic diagram of the motorless rocker arm in

[0031] Figure 6 For Figure 5 the partial cross-sectional view of the rocker arm housing notch and the bearing seat notch in

[0032] Figure 7 the structural schematic diagram (left side) of another embodiment of the non-swing transmission part

[0033] Figure 8 For Figure 7 the structural schematic diagram of the intermediate gear set in

[0034] Figure 9 For Figure 1 the top view of the fuselage in

[0035] Figure 10 For Figure 2 the front view of the support sliding shoe in

[0036] Figure 11 For Figure 10 the longitudinal cross-sectional view of

[0037] Figure 12 the structural schematic diagram of the dragging connection device

[0038] Reference numerals:

[0039] 1. Cutting system; 11. Non-swing transmission part; 110. Cutting motor; 111. Static housing; 1111. Front positioning hole; 1112. Rear positioning hole; 1113. Housing notch; 113. Guard plate; 114. Hydraulic system; 115 (and 115', 115''). Pinion gear; 116. Intermediate gear set; 1161. Eccentric shaft; 1162. Eccentric sleeve; 1163. Bearing; 1164. Intermediate gear; 12. Motorless rocker arm; 121. Rocker arm housing; 1211. Rocker arm housing notch; 122 (and 122', 122''). Gear; 123. Planetary mechanism; 124. Support positioning bearing; 125. Fixed-axis gear transmission structure; 126. Bearing seat; 1261. Bearing seat notch; 13. Oil cylinder; 14. Drum

[0040] 2. Fuselage; 21. Docking surface; 22. Pin hole; 23. Connection hole; 231. Installation cavity; 24. Wire passing hole; 25. Inclined surface; 26. Concave surface; 27. Guide installation groove; 28. Dragging connection installation groove

[0041] 31. Positioning pin; 32. Fastener

[0042] 4. Guide sliding shoe

[0043] 5. Drag connection device; 51. Connection plate; 52. Connection hook; 53. Upper connection pin; 54. Lower connection pin;

[0044] 6. Support sliding shoe; 61. Double-ear seat; 64. First support surface; 65. Second support surface;

[0045] 91. Support roof beam;

[0046] 92. Scraper conveyor; 921. Track; 922. Drag chain. Detailed implementation manner

[0047] The present invention discloses a short-span thin coal seam shearer (which can be simply referred to as a thin coal seam shearer). As Figure 1-12 shown, it includes a cutting system 1, a fuselage 2, a guiding sliding shoe 4, a drag connection device 5 and a support sliding shoe 6. The cutting system includes a non-swing transmission part 11, a motorless rocker arm 12, a cutting motor 110 and an oil cylinder 13. The non-swing transmission part includes a stationary housing 111 and two sets of front-stage transmission systems arranged on the left and right inside the stationary housing. The motorless rocker arm is equivalent to a swing transmission part, and there are two on the left and right, each of which includes a rocker arm housing 121 and a rear-stage transmission system arranged inside the rocker arm housing. The stationary housing is provided with two motor mounting cavities and two rocker arm mounting cavities on the left and right. Each motor mounting cavity fixedly mounts one of the cutting motors. The root parts of the rocker arm housings of the two motorless rocker arms on the left and right, which are in a cylindrical structure, are respectively rotatably supported in the two rocker arm mounting cavities on the left and right, so that each rocker arm housing can perform a fixed-axis swing relative to the stationary housing, where the root part of the rocker arm housing only "rotates" inside the stationary housing.

[0048] The output shaft of each cutting motor is connected to the corresponding rear-stage transmission system through the corresponding front-stage transmission system on the corresponding side, that is, the power output by the cutting motor is transmitted sequentially through the front-stage transmission system and the rear-stage transmission system on the corresponding side, and finally transmitted to the drum 14 at the other end of the rocker arm housing on the corresponding side. The input end of the rear-stage transmission system is provided with a large gear 122 and a planetary mechanism 123 connected coaxially in sequence. The large gear and the planetary mechanism are arranged in the chamber at the root of the corresponding rocker arm housing. The axis of the large gear is coaxial with the rotation center of the root of the rocker arm housing. When the rocker arm makes a fixed-axis swing, the large gear 122 and the planetary mechanism 123, as large and medium-sized parts in the rear-stage transmission system, always rotate in place in the stationary housing. Since the cutting motor, as another large and medium-sized component, is installed in the stationary housing, its position will not change with the swing of the rocker arm, especially there is no height change. Therefore, a large space can be maintained between the rocker arm housing and the upper coal platform. Therefore, even when the rear rocker arm cuts the top coal, the rocker arm housing will not interfere with the coal platform or the like. Therefore, the present invention can solve the problem of arranging large and medium-sized components while ensuring that the theoretical cutting height range does not shrink. In addition, the above-mentioned large and medium-sized components are closer to the coal wall side than the small and medium-sized components of the cutting system, which is beneficial to reducing the machine surface height of the shearer. When the shearer is matched with the scraper conveyor 92 and the support, the fuselage is located below the top beam 91 of the support, and the front part of the fuselage is located above the chute of the scraper conveyor 92. Figure 1 , 4 Area A in corresponds to the area below the thick beam of the support, area B corresponds to the area below the thin beam of the support, and this area extends forward to the position of the rear edge of the drum. Area C is the area corresponding to the full length of the drum. After adopting the cutting system with the above structure, large and medium-sized components such as the drum, cutting motor, and planetary mechanism in the cutting system are all located in area C closer to the coal wall side, and small and medium-sized components are mainly arranged in area B. In this way, the space can be utilized more reasonably, the machine passing height can be kept low, and at the same time, it does not affect the improvement of the installed power.

[0049] Each motorless rocker arm corresponds to one of the cylinders 13. The two ends of the cylinder are respectively hinged to the stationary housing and the corresponding rocker arm housing. The axis of the large gear and the hinge axes at both ends of the cylinder all extend in the front-rear direction. The front and rear directions of the shearer are the directions from the inside of the shearer to the coal wall side and the gob side of the shearer respectively, corresponding to Figure 1 the up and down directions. When the cylinder expands and contracts, it drives the motorless rocker arm to swing relative to the non-swinging transmission part.

[0050] The stationary housing is fixed to the fuselage and located in front of the fuselage, and the two form the basic frame of the shearer. In this embodiment, a docking surface 21, pin holes 22 and connection holes 23 are provided on the front side of the fuselage. During connection, the docking surface is mutually attached to the corresponding surface at the rear side of the middle part of the stationary housing 111. The two ends of the positioning pin 31 are respectively in shaft hole fit with the corresponding pin holes on the fuselage and the stationary housing to realize the positioning between the fuselage and the stationary housing. The fuselage and the stationary housing are fixed together by using the connection holes 23 and the corresponding holes on the stationary housing through fasteners 32. An installation cavity 231 and a wire passing hole 24 are also provided on the fuselage. The installation cavity is used to provide a fastening operation space for the fasteners 32, and the wire passing hole is used to provide a channel for the cutting motor cable, water pipe, etc. to pass through. The guiding sliding shoe and the supporting sliding shoe are both installed on the basic frame, and the two respectively support the rear part and the middle part of the basic frame from below. The fuselage is floatingly connected to the dragging chain 922 of the scraper conveyor through the dragging connection device 5.

[0051] Regarding the cutting system, as Figure 3 , 5 shown, in the installed state, the opening of the rocker arm installation cavity faces backward, and the root cylinder structure of the rocker arm housing is inserted into the rocker arm installation cavity from back to front and is rotatably supported on the inner wall of the rocker arm installation cavity by two front and rear support positioning bearings 124. In this embodiment, the front and rear sections of the inner wall of the rocker arm installation cavity are respectively a front positioning hole 1111 and a rear positioning hole 1112, which are respectively used to install the two front and rear support positioning bearings 124.

[0052] The rocker arm housing also includes a head and a neck located between the head and the root. The rocker arm housing presents a concave-shaped structure with both the head and the root protruding forward relative to the neck. After installation, the head of the rocker arm housing, the drum and the non-swinging transmission part are in the same area in the front-rear direction, that is, area C. The large gear 122, the planetary mechanism 123 and the medium and small-sized fixed-axis gear transmission structure 125 form the rear-stage transmission system. The fixed-axis gear transmission structure 125 is located in the chambers of the neck and the head. The drum is installed on the head of the rocker arm housing and rotates relative to the rocker arm housing.

[0053] The output end of the front-stage transmission system can adopt a small gear 115 and an intermediate gear set 116 that are externally meshed with each other, and the intermediate gear set is externally meshed with the large gear.

[0054] In this embodiment, the intermediate gear set 116 preferably includes an eccentric shaft 1161, an eccentric sleeve 1162, a bearing 1163, and an intermediate gear 1164. The eccentric shaft includes a reference shaft section at both ends and an eccentric shaft section in the middle. On the surface of the eccentric shaft section, an outer eccentric groove and an inner eccentric groove that extend axially and are closed at both ends are respectively provided at the positions farthest and nearest to the axis of the reference shaft section. On the wall of the hole of the eccentric sleeve, a key groove that extends axially and is not closed at both ends is provided at the thickest part of the wall thickness. The eccentric sleeve is sleeved on the eccentric shaft section, and the key groove is paired with the outer eccentric groove or the inner eccentric groove and forms a key connection with a key between the eccentric shaft and the eccentric sleeve. The reference shaft sections at both ends of the eccentric shaft are fixed on the stationary housing, and the intermediate gear 1164 is installed on the outer cylindrical surface of the eccentric sleeve through the bearing 1163. The intermediate gear is located between the pinion 115 and the large gear 122 and is in external mesh with them respectively. The axes of the pinion, the intermediate gear, and the large gear are located in the same plane. The pinion, the intermediate gear set, and the large gear form a gear speed change mechanism.

[0055] The eccentric shaft has two optional installation positions relative to the stationary housing, which are respectively the positions where the outer eccentric groove and the inner eccentric groove are closest to the axis of the large gear. The eccentric sleeve also has two optional installation positions relative to the eccentric shaft section, which are respectively the positions where the outer eccentric groove and the inner eccentric groove on the eccentric shaft section are paired with the key groove on the eccentric sleeve and form a key connection with the key. When the eccentric shaft and the eccentric sleeve are arranged and combined for installation according to their respective two optional installation positions, with the installation position of the reference shaft section of the eccentric shaft fixed, the axis of the outer cylindrical surface of the eccentric sleeve can have 3 - 4 positions, that is, the axis of the intermediate gear 1164 can have 3 - 4 possible positions. In other words, the distances between the axis of the intermediate gear and the axes of the large gear and the pinion can have 3 - 4 possible changes. By simply replacing the large gears 122, 122', or 122" with different sizes and the pinions 115, 115', or 115" with different sizes to adapt to this change in distance, different reduction ratios can be achieved, so as to obtain a wide range of rotational speeds at the drum and achieve the purpose of speed change.

[0056] By adopting the above gear speed change mechanism, different rotational speed outputs of the end drum can be realized, so that different output cutting parameters, such as cutting force and cutting linear speed, can be obtained. After configuring drums with different diameters, the mining of different hardness materials such as coal and rock can be realized.

[0057] A key groove can be provided on at least one outer end surface of the reference shaft section. The key groove is matched with a key and can be used to position and prevent the rotation of the eccentric shaft. The extending direction of the key groove is preferably perpendicular to the plane where the axes of the pinion, the intermediate gear, and the large gear are located, which is the vertical direction in this embodiment.

[0058] A housing notch 1113 is provided on the common side wall between the rocker arm mounting cavity on the stationary housing and other adjacent cavities (mainly referring to the cavity where the output end of the front-stage transmission system is located), to provide space for the rotation of the intermediate gear. A rocker arm housing notch 1211 is correspondingly provided on the root side wall of the rocker arm housing. In the installed state, the rocker arm housing notch 1211 always has a partially overlapping area with the housing notch 1113 in the circumferential direction, and this overlapping area should be large enough to ensure that the intermediate gear set and the large gear remain engaged in the overlapping area of the housing notch and the rocker arm housing notch.

[0059] In this embodiment, a bearing seat 126 is also fixed on the inner wall of the cavity at the root of the rocker arm housing 121 near the large gear, and the input shaft diameter of the large gear is supported on the inner wall of the bearing seat 126 through a bearing. In this case, a bearing seat notch 1261 is also provided on the side wall of the bearing seat. See Figure 6 , and preferably, the circumferential position and size of the bearing seat notch 1261 are kept consistent with those of the rocker arm housing notch 1211. The rocker arm housing notch 1211 and the bearing seat notch 1261 together provide sufficient space for the intermediate gear 1164 and the large gear 122.

[0060] Except for the parts mentioned above, the front-stage transmission system and the rear-stage transmission system can both adopt existing transmission structures, such as gear transmission, spline transmission, etc.

[0061] Guard plates 113 are installed on the left and right sides of the stationary housing. The stationary housing, the left and right rocker arm housings, and the guard plates on the corresponding sides together enclose a closed cavity on each side. The two oil cylinders, together with the stationary housing and the oil cylinder seats provided on the rocker arm housing, are respectively located in the two closed cavities on the left and right. In the installed state, during the swinging process of the rocker arm without the motor, the oil cylinder as a whole is always in the closed cavity. The closed cavity provides a good external environment for the oil cylinder. For example, it can avoid the influence of pulverized coal and gangue on the oil cylinder, make the telescopic movement of the oil cylinder more reliable and have a longer service life, thus providing a more reliable and high-quality support for the rotation of the rocker arm relative to the non-swinging transmission part.

[0062] The stationary housing is preferably a left-right symmetric structure, and the two motor mounting cavities are located in the middle of the stationary housing in the left-right direction. Although the left and right rocker arms are installed on the same stationary housing, they are respectively driven by the left and right cutting motors. For a double-drum shearer, adopting a stationary housing of this structural type can make the overall structure of the shearer more compact and suitable for double-drum operation in left or right wide-cutting high-thin coal seams.

[0063] The cutting system may further include two sets of left and right hydraulic systems 114. The rear spaces of the two sets of front-stage transmission systems in the static housing are respectively configured as a fuel tank. The two sets of left and right hydraulic systems are respectively installed in the left and right fuel tanks. One transmission shaft in the front-stage transmission system replaces the pump motor of the corresponding-side hydraulic system to provide power for the hydraulic system. The hydraulic pressure output by the hydraulic system serves as the hydraulic driving force of the corresponding-side cylinder, that is, the pump unit of the hydraulic system is a pump unit without a pump motor. An opening of the fuel tank may be provided on the top plate of the fuel tank to facilitate the installation of the hydraulic system.

[0064] Since the power of the cutting motor is much greater than that of the pump motor, even if the power demand of the hydraulic system is large, it does not need to occupy a larger installation space like a traditional pump unit due to the need to equip a larger-power pump motor. Therefore, the hydraulic system has a compact structure and sufficient power. The motor installation cavity and the rocker arm installation cavity are usually arranged at the left and right ends of the static housing. Most of the space between these two cavities is an idle area. Part of the idle area is utilized to form an internal fuel tank, and the fuel tank of the hydraulic system is changed from an external one to an internal one in the cutting system, which can make the structure of the shearer more compact, without increasing the machine surface height or the drum span.

[0065] In this embodiment, the axle of the pinion 115 is used to output power to the hydraulic system simultaneously.

[0066] The fuselage 2 adopts a solid fuselage without internal transmission, that is, no chamber for installing a transmission system is provided on the fuselage. The fuselage only serves to connect the cutting system with the guiding slide shoes and the dragging connection device. The front part of the fuselage is preferably configured with a structure that is thinner in the middle and thicker at both ends in the front-rear direction, so that the machine surface height of the entire fuselage is low enough and the coal passing space is large enough. Further, most of the top surface of the fuselage is preferably configured as an inclined surface 25 that is higher at the front and lower at the rear, and the middle part of the bottom surface of the fuselage is configured as a concave surface 26 that is concave towards the inside of the fuselage entity. Furthermore, the middle surface of the concave surface is preferably configured as an inclined surface with the same slope as the top surface of the fuselage directly above it.

[0067] A guiding installation groove 27 is provided at the lower part of the fuselage, providing space for the installation of the upper part of the guiding sliding shoe. The upper part of the guiding sliding shoe is hinged in the guiding installation groove by passing through a rotary pin, and the hinge axis extends in the front and rear directions. A guiding groove is provided at the lower part of the guiding sliding shoe. The guiding sliding shoe straddles the track 921 of the scraper conveyor through its guiding groove and can slide left and right along the track. The guiding sliding shoe can swing in a vertical plane extending left and right around the rotary pin to adapt to the undulation of the working face floor. The pin hole of the guiding sliding shoe for passing through the rotary pin is preferably a waist-shaped hole with a width in the left and right directions greater than that in the up and down directions. The front side and the rear side of the guiding sliding shoe are both preferably smooth transition surfaces with the middle part outward and the left and right ends inward, so as to ensure that the guiding sliding shoe can deflect to a certain extent in the horizontal plane to adapt to the horizontal bending of the working face floor. Here, the "outer" for the front side and the rear side respectively refers to the directions facing forward and backward. The guiding sliding shoe balances a part of the gravity of the fuselage, bears the cutting reaction force, and at the same time has the guiding function of guiding the shearer to slide along the track.

[0068] The surfaces of the guiding groove that cooperate with the track are all subjected to special wear-resistant treatment, with anti-wear properties. Moreover, both the guiding sliding shoe and the track are detachable and convenient to replace. Once worn to a certain extent, they can be replaced, thus greatly improving the overall working efficiency and the reliability of the equipment operation.

[0069] The upper part of the supporting sliding shoe is hinged to the fuselage, and the hinge axis extends in the front and rear directions. In this embodiment, the upper part of the supporting sliding shoe is provided with a double-ear seat 61. At the corresponding position at the lower part of the fuselage, a hinge seat is usually provided. The seat hole of the hinge seat extends in the front and rear directions. The supporting sliding shoe is hinged to the hinge seat through a pin shaft. The bottom of the supporting sliding shoe is provided with two supporting surfaces, namely a second supporting surface 65 and a first supporting surface 64, one in the front and the other in the rear. During use, the first supporting surface supports on the scraper of the scraper conveyor, and the second supporting surface supports on the floor of the coal mining face. Compared with the existing supporting sliding shoe with only one supporting surface for supporting on the scraper, it can not only increase the contact area, reduce the specific pressure, and extend the service life of the supporting sliding shoe, but also, due to the setting of the second supporting surface, the supporting position can be moved towards the coal wall side, so the stability of the thin seam shearer adopting the suspended fuselage method can be greatly improved.

[0070] In order to adapt to the height difference between the scraper and the floor, the first supporting surface is higher than the second supporting surface, and wear-resistant layers are provided on both the first supporting surface and the second supporting surface.

[0071] A dragging connection installation groove 28 is also provided at the lower part of the fuselage, providing space for the installation of the dragging connection device. As Figure 12As shown in the figure, the dragging connection device includes a connecting plate 51 and a connecting hook 52. One end of the connecting plate is hinged in a dragging connection installation groove 28 on the fuselage through an upper connecting pin 53. The diameter of the pin hole on the connecting plate for passing the upper connecting pin on the connecting plate is larger than that of the upper connecting pin. The other end of the connecting plate is hinged to one end of the connecting hook through a lower connecting pin 54. The hinge axes of these two hinges both extend left and right. The other end of the connecting hook is set as a cylindrical structure with an axis extending left and right. This cylindrical structure is arranged in the chain groove of the scraper conveyor 92 and is slidably connected to the chain groove. Two dragging chains 922 are connected to both ends of the cylindrical structure respectively. Applying a pulling force in the left and right directions to the dragging chains can drive the shearer to move left and right. In the present invention, the guiding sliding shoes are matched with the dragging connection device. Since the cutting reaction force of the shearer is borne by the guiding sliding shoes, the dragging connection device 5 only bears the pulling force in the left and right directions. Therefore, the wear at the chain groove can be greatly reduced, and the service life of the dragging chains can be greatly improved.

Claims

1. A shearer for short-span thin coal seams, characterized in that: It includes a cutting system, a fuselage, guiding slide shoes, a dragging connection device and supporting slide shoes. The cutting system includes a non-swing transmission part, a motorless rocker arm, a cutting motor and an oil cylinder. The non-swing transmission part includes a static housing and two sets of front-stage transmission systems arranged on the left and right inside the static housing. There are two motorless rocker arms on the left and right, both of which include a rocker arm housing and a rear-stage transmission system arranged inside the rocker arm housing. There are two motor mounting cavities and two rocker arm mounting cavities on the left and right inside the static housing. One of the cutting motors is fixedly installed in each motor mounting cavity. The roots of the rocker arm housings of the two motorless rocker arms on the left and right are respectively rotatably supported in the two rocker arm mounting cavities on the left and right. The output shaft of each cutting motor is connected to the corresponding rear-stage transmission system through the corresponding front-stage transmission system. The input end of the rear-stage transmission system is provided with a large gear and a planetary mechanism coaxially connected in sequence. The large gear and the planetary mechanism are arranged in the cavity at the root of the corresponding rocker arm housing. The axis of the large gear is coaxial with the rotation center of the root of the rocker arm housing. Each motorless rocker arm corresponds to one oil cylinder. The two ends of the oil cylinder are respectively hinged to the static housing and the corresponding rocker arm housing. The axis of the large gear and the hinge axes at both ends of the oil cylinder both extend in the front-rear direction. The static housing is fixed on the fuselage and is located in front of the fuselage. The two form the basic frame of the shearer. The guiding slide shoes and the supporting slide shoes are both installed on the basic frame and respectively support the rear part and the middle part of the basic frame from below. The fuselage is floatingly connected to the dragging chain of the scraper conveyor through the dragging connection device; the output end of the front-stage transmission system adopts a small gear and an intermediate gear set that are externally meshed with each other. The intermediate gear set is externally meshed with the large gear. The intermediate gear set includes an eccentric shaft, an eccentric sleeve, a bearing and an intermediate gear. The eccentric shaft includes a reference shaft section at both ends and an eccentric shaft section in the middle. On the surface of the eccentric shaft section, an outer eccentric groove and an inner eccentric groove that extend axially and are closed at both ends are respectively provided at the positions farthest and closest to the axis of the reference shaft section. On the wall of the hole of the eccentric sleeve, a key groove that extends axially and is not closed at both ends is provided at the thickest part of the wall thickness. The eccentric sleeve is sleeved on the eccentric shaft section. The key groove is paired with the outer eccentric groove or the inner eccentric groove and forms a key connection with a key between the eccentric shaft and the eccentric sleeve. The reference shaft sections at both ends of the eccentric shaft are both fixed on the static housing. The intermediate gear is installed on the outer cylindrical surface of the eccentric sleeve through the bearing. The intermediate gear is located between the small gear and the large gear and is externally meshed with them respectively. The axes of the small gear, the intermediate gear and the large gear are located in the same plane. The eccentric shaft has two optional installation positions, which are the positions where the outer eccentric groove and the inner eccentric groove are closest to the axis of the large gear.

2. The short-span thin coal seam shearer according to claim 1, characterized in that: A housing notch is provided on the common side wall between the rocker arm mounting cavity and other adjacent cavities on the stationary housing. A rocker arm housing notch is provided on the root side wall of the rocker arm housing. In the installed state, the rocker arm housing notch always has a partially overlapping area with the housing notch in the circumferential direction. The intermediate gear set and the large gear remain meshed in the overlapping area of the housing notch and the rocker arm housing notch.

3. The short-span thin coal seam shearer according to claim 2, characterized in that: A bearing seat is further fixed on the inner wall of the cavity at the root of the rocker arm housing near the large gear. The input shaft diameter of the large gear is supported on the inner wall of the bearing seat through a bearing. A bearing seat notch is provided on the side wall of the bearing seat. The circumferential position and size of the bearing seat notch are the same as those of the rocker arm housing notch.

4. The short-span thin coal seam shearer according to claim 3, characterized in that: Guard plates are installed on the left and right sides of the stationary housing. The stationary housing, the left and right rocker arm housings, and the corresponding side guard plates together enclose a closed cavity on each of the left and right sides. The left and right cylinders are respectively located in the left and right closed cavities.

5. The short-span thin coal seam shearer according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that: The cutting system further includes two sets of left and right hydraulic systems. The rear spaces of the two sets of front-stage transmission systems in the stationary housing are respectively set as an oil tank. The two sets of left and right hydraulic systems are respectively installed in the left and right oil tanks. A transmission shaft in the front-stage transmission system replaces the pump motor of the corresponding side hydraulic system to provide power for the hydraulic system. The hydraulic pressure output by the hydraulic system serves as the hydraulic driving force of the corresponding side cylinder.

6. The short-span thin coal seam shearer according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that: The fuselage is a solid fuselage without internal transmission. Most of the top surface of the fuselage is set as an inclined surface with the front higher than the rear. The middle part of the front of the bottom surface of the fuselage is set as a concave surface.

7. The short-span thin coal seam shearer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The guiding sliding shoe is hinged to the fuselage by passing through a rotary pin. The hinge axis extends forward and backward. The pin hole on the guiding sliding shoe for passing through the rotary pin is a waist-shaped hole with a width greater than the height in the left and right directions. The front side and the rear side of the guiding sliding shoe are both smooth transition surfaces with the middle part towards the outside and the left and right ends towards the inside.

8. The short-span thin coal seam shearer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The upper part of the supporting sliding shoe is hinged to the fuselage. The hinge axis extends forward and backward. The bottom of the supporting sliding shoe is provided with two front and rear supporting surfaces, namely the second supporting surface and the first supporting surface. The first supporting surface is higher than the second supporting surface. Wear-resistant layers are provided on both the first supporting surface and the second supporting surface.

9. The short-span thin coal seam shearer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The dragging connection device includes a connecting plate and a connecting hook. One end of the connecting plate is hinged to the fuselage through an upper connecting pin. The diameter of the pin hole on the connecting plate for passing the upper connecting pin is larger than that of the upper connecting pin. The other end of the connecting plate is hinged to one end of the connecting hook through a lower connecting pin. The hinge axes of these two hinges extend left and right. The other end of the connecting hook is set as a cylindrical structure with an axis extending left and right. This cylindrical structure is arranged in the chain trough of the scraper conveyor and is slidably connected to the chain trough. Each end of the cylindrical structure is connected to a dragging chain.

10. The short-span thin coal seam shearer according to claim 5, characterized in that: the fuselage is a solid fuselage without internal transmission. Most of the top surface of the fuselage is set as an inclined surface with the front higher than the rear, and the middle part of the front of the bottom surface of the fuselage is set as a concave surface.

Images