A multi-feed upflow reactor

Abstract

The present invention relates to a multi-feed upflow reactor. Specifically, the shell of the multi-feed upflow reactor is a metal cylinder, and the metal cylinder includes: an inlet pipe (1), a lower cone section (2), an expansion pipe (3), a disturbing fluid (4), a disturbing fluid fixing member (5), a fluid uniform distribution channel (6), a lower feeder (7), a middle feeder (8), an upper feeder (9), an upper cone section (10) and an outlet pipe (11). The reactor realizes sufficient back-mixing contact of substances in the multi-feed fluid through a special disturbing flow structure, a uniform distribution channel and ingenious cooperation with the feeder, thereby improving the mass transfer and heat transfer efficiency of the substances in the fluid and improving the reaction conversion rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of reaction equipment, and in particular relates to a multi-feed upflow reactor. Background Art

[0002] The chemical reaction process is the core and key of chemical production. For a rapid reaction process that requires sufficient mass transfer and heat transfer, how to efficiently enhance the mass transfer and heat transfer of the rapid reaction process is a goal that the reactor needs to achieve. At present, in many upflow reactors, since the fluid passes through the reaction zone in the form of semi-pushing flow, the back-mixing effect is poor, resulting in low mass transfer and heat transfer efficiency of the reactor, which ultimately affects the efficiency of the reaction. Therefore, the art needs to provide an upflow reactor with good back-mixing effect. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a multi-feed upflow reactor which can enhance the back-mixing effect to improve the mass transfer and heat transfer efficiency.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] Provided is a multi-feed upflow reactor, wherein the shell of the multi-feed upflow reactor is a metal cylinder, and the metal cylinder comprises: an inlet pipe 1, a lower cone section 2, an expansion pipe 3, a fluid disturbance body 4, a fluid disturbance body fixing member 5, a fluid uniform distribution channel 6, a lower feeder 7, a middle feeder 8, an upper feeder 9, an upper cone section 10 and an outlet pipe 11;

[0006] Among them, the lower end of the lower cone section 2 is connected to the upper end of the inlet pipe 1, and the upper end of the lower cone section 2 is connected to the lower end of the expansion pipe 3; the lower end of the upper cone section 10 is connected to the upper end of the expansion pipe 3, and the upper end of the upper cone section 10 is connected to the lower end of the outlet pipe 11; the middle and upper parts of the expansion pipe 3 are provided with a middle feeder 8 and an upper feeder 9;

[0007] A fluid-disturbing fixture 5 is provided on the upper part of the fluid-disturbing body 4; the fluid-disturbing fixture 5 fixes the fluid-disturbing body 4 at the center of the lower cone section 2; the fluid-disturbing body 4 is composed of two cone structures, an upper cone and a lower cone; the upper cone is a right cone, and the lower cone is an inverted cone; the bottom surfaces of the upper and lower cones overlap; the upper part of the upper cone is pointed; and the lower part of the lower cone is a circular protrusion;

[0008] The inlet pipe, lower cone section, expanded pipe, fluid disturbance body, fluid disturbance body fixing member, fluid distribution channel, upper cone section and outlet pipe are all lined with heat-insulating and wear-resistant lining A on the metal cylinder;

[0009] The fluid distribution channel 6 is formed by the lining of the lower cone of the fluid disturbance body and the groove provided in the lining of the lower cone section, and the fluid distribution channel is evenly distributed along the axis of the reactor;

[0010] A lower feeder 7 is provided at the outlet of the fluid uniform distribution channel 6 on the lower cone section 2 .

[0011] Preferably, the outer peripheral surface of the lower cone is close to the lower cone section so as to form a flow-distributed channel 6 for the stroke fluid.

[0012] Preferably, the angle x of the conical structure of the upper cone is 30 to 170 degrees; and / or the angle y of the conical structure of the lower cone is 30 to 170 degrees.

[0013] Preferably, the number of the flow-disturbing fixing members 5 is 2 to 20.

[0014] Preferably, the flow-disturbing body fixing member 5 is arranged on the upper cone of the flow-disturbing body 4 .

[0015] Preferably, the fluid-disturbing fixing members 5 are evenly distributed along the axis of the reactor.

[0016] Preferably, the thickness of the heat-insulating and wear-resistant lining is 40 to 300 mm.

[0017] Preferably, the number of the fluid evenly distributed channels is 2 to 15; and the total area of ​​the fluid evenly distributed channels is not greater than the area of ​​the inlet pipe.

[0018] Preferably, the number of the lower feeders is 2 to 15; and / or the spraying angle z of the lower feeders is 90 to 170 degrees.

[0019] Preferably, the number of the middle feeders is 0 to 4; and / or the number of the upper feeders is 0 to 4.

[0020] Preferably, the angle w formed by the connection between the upper cone section and the outlet pipe is 20 to 150 degrees.

[0021] Preferably, the lower feeder is a liquid atomizing nozzle; and / or the outlet of the middle feeder adopts an inverted V-shaped structure; and / or the outlet of the upper feeder adopts a fan-shaped liquid distribution structure.

[0022] A multi-feed upflow reactor system is also provided, comprising a plurality of the multi-feed upflow reactors described above connected in series.

[0023] Preferably, the plurality is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or more.

[0024] Preferably, in the multi-feed upflow reactor system, the outlet pipe of the preceding reactor is connected to the inlet pipe of the succeeding reactor.

[0025] The reactor of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] (1) The reactor of the present invention achieves sufficient back-mixing and contact of materials in multiple feed fluids through a special flow disturbance structure, uniformly distributed channels, and ingenious coordination with the feeder, thereby improving the mass and heat transfer efficiency of the materials in the fluids and improving the reaction conversion rate.

[0027] (2) The reactor of the present invention has good back-mixing effect but low pressure drop, which is beneficial to reducing operating energy consumption.

[0028] (3) The reactor of the present invention has no moving parts, has a simple structure, is easy to manufacture, and is convenient for maintenance during use.

[0029] (4) The reactor of the present invention can be used in series in multiples, thereby further improving the mass transfer and heat transfer efficiency of substances in the fluid, and is particularly suitable for series reactions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of reactor embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the top view of the disturbing fluid.

[0032] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of a fluid uniformly distributed channel from a top view. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The specific implementation manner and examples do not limit the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

[0034] refer to Figure 1 The shell of the multi-feed upflow reactor of the present invention is a metal cylinder, and the metal cylinder includes: an inlet pipe 1, a lower cone section 2, an expansion pipe 3, a fluid disturbance 4, a fluid disturbance fixing member 5, a fluid distribution channel 6, a lower feeder 7, a middle feeder 8, an upper feeder 9, an upper cone section 10 and an outlet pipe 11.

[0035] The lower end of the lower cone section 2 is connected to the upper end of the inlet pipe 1, the upper end of the lower cone section 2 is connected to the lower end of the expansion pipe 3, the disruptor fluid 4 is located at the center of the lower cone section, and a disruptor fluid fixing part 5 is provided on the upper part of the disruptor fluid 4. The lower end of the upper cone section 10 is connected to the upper end of the expansion pipe 3, the upper end of the upper cone section 10 is connected to the lower end of the outlet pipe 11, and a middle feeder 8 and an upper feeder 9 are provided in the middle and upper parts of the expansion pipe 3.

[0036] The inlet pipe, the lower cone section, the expansion pipe, the fluid disturbance, the fluid disturbance fixing member, the fluid uniform distribution channel, the upper cone section and the outlet pipe are all lined with a heat-insulating and wear-resistant lining A on the metal cylinder to reduce the heat dissipation of the reactor and the wear of the equipment. The thickness of the heat-insulating and wear-resistant lining is 40 to 300 mm, preferably 80 to 150 mm.

[0037] The fluid disruptor is composed of two cone structures, an upper cone and a lower cone, at the top and bottom; wherein the bottom surfaces of the two cones overlap; the upper cone is a right cone; the lower cone is an inverted cone; the upper part of the upper cone is pointed; the lower part of the lower cone is a circular protrusion. The angle x of the conical structure of the upper cone is 30 to 170 degrees, preferably 80 to 120 degrees. The angle y of the conical structure of the lower cone is 30 to 170 degrees, preferably 60 to 110 degrees. The number of fluid disruptor fixings arranged on the upper part of the fluid disruptor is 2 to 20, preferably 4 to 12. The circular protrusion at the bottom of the fluid disruptor breaks up the rising fluid from the inlet pipe and evenly distributes it to the fluid uniform distribution channel. Near the circular protrusion, the rising fluid forms a back-mixing area, thereby improving the mass transfer and heat transfer of the material inside the inlet fluid.

[0038] The fluid-disturbing body is a metal material surface lined with a wear-resistant lining. The fluid-disturbing body fixing part is a metal material surface lined with a wear-resistant lining.

[0039] The fluid distribution channel is formed by the lining of the lower cone of the disturbing fluid and the groove in the lining of the lower cone section. The fluid distribution channel is evenly distributed along the axis of the reactor, and the number of fluid distribution channels is 2 to 15. The total area of ​​the fluid distribution channel is not greater than the area of ​​the inlet pipe. The rising fluid from the inlet pipe is evenly distributed to the fluid distribution channel through the deflection effect of the disturbing fluid. Since the channel presents a certain vertical inclination angle, the fluid is accelerated in the channel and the internal back mixing of the fluid is further enhanced.

[0040] A lower feeder is provided at the outlet of the fluid uniform distribution channel on the lower cone section. The number of the lower feeders is 2 to 15. The injection angle z of the lower feeder is 90 to 170 degrees, preferably 130 to 160 degrees. The fluid from the lower feeder intersects with the fluid after passing through the fluid uniform distribution channel to achieve strong contact and mixing of the two fluids. The two mixed fluids are injected into the lower space of the expansion tube at a certain angle. Since the fluid flow rate is reduced after the expansion, and due to the upper cone structure of the disturbing fluid, the lower space of the expansion tube forms a sufficient fluid back-mixing area, and the contact of the substances in the fluid is more uniform, which improves the mass transfer and heat transfer efficiency of the substances in the fluid, and is conducive to improving the reaction conversion rate.

[0041] A middle feeder is provided in the middle of the expansion tube, and the number of the middle feeders is 0 to 4. An upper feeder is provided on the upper part of the expansion tube, and the number of the upper feeders is 0 to 4. The middle feeder and the upper feeder feed external solid or liquid feeds through the distribution structure provided on the feeder to achieve countercurrent contact between the feed and the rising fluid of the expansion tube, thereby achieving full mixing of the feed in the middle or upper part with the rising fluid, and improving the mass transfer and heat transfer efficiency of the substances in the fluid.

[0042] The angle w formed by the connection between the upper cone section and the outlet pipe is 20 to 150 degrees, preferably 40 to 100 degrees. After passing through the expansion pipe, the fluid enters the upper cone section. Due to the gradual reduction in diameter, the fluid is gathered and accelerated, so that the fluid is mixed again, further improving the mass transfer and heat transfer efficiency of the fluid.

[0043] The multi-feed upflow reactor of the present invention can be used in series with multiple (two or more) reactors. For example, when two reactors are used in series, the outlet pipe 11 of the first reactor can be connected to the inlet pipe 1 of the second reactor (for example, sealed connection), which can achieve more feeds and further improve the fluid mixing effect. Similarly, the series connection of more than two (for example, three, four, five, etc.) reactors can be achieved in this way of connecting the outlet pipe and the inlet pipe. Of course, after the reactors are connected in series, independent temperature and pressure control can be achieved for each reactor, which is beneficial to improving the mass transfer and heat transfer efficiency and the reaction conversion rate, and is particularly suitable for cascade reactions. When connected in series, the outlet pipe of one reactor is connected to the inlet pipe of an adjacent reactor.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] See also Figure 1-Figure 3 The present invention is applied to an upflow reactor for gas-liquid-solid multi-feed. The shell of the multi-feed upflow reactor is a metal cylinder, and the metal cylinder includes: an inlet pipe 1, a lower cone section 2, an expansion pipe 3, a disturbing fluid 4, a disturbing fluid fixing part 5, a fluid uniform distribution channel 6, a lower feeder 7, a middle feeder 8, an upper feeder 9, an upper cone section 10 and an outlet pipe 11.

[0046] The lower end of the lower cone section is connected to the upper end of the inlet pipe, the upper end of the lower cone section is connected to the lower end of the expansion pipe, the disruptor fluid is located at the center of the lower cone section, a disruptor fluid fixing piece is provided on the upper part of the disruptor fluid, the lower end of the upper cone section is connected to the upper end of the expansion pipe, the upper end of the upper cone section is connected to the outlet pipe, and a middle feeder and an upper feeder are provided in the middle and upper parts of the expansion pipe.

[0047] The inlet pipe, lower cone section, expanded pipe, disturbing fluid, disturbing fluid fixing parts, fluid distribution channel, upper cone section and outlet pipe are all lined with heat-insulating and wear-resistant lining A on the metal cylinder to reduce the heat dissipation of the reactor and the wear of the equipment. The thickness of the heat-insulating and wear-resistant lining is 100mm.

[0048] The feed fluid of the inlet pipe is a gas-solid mixed fluid, the solid particles in the fluid are no larger than 10mm, and the fluid flow rate is 10-20m / s.

[0049] The fluid disturbance device is composed of two upper and lower conical structures; the upper cone is a right cone, and the lower cone is an inverted cone; the upper part of the upper cone is pointed; the lower part of the lower cone is a circular protrusion, the cone structure angle x of the upper cone is 90 degrees, and the cone structure angle y of the lower cone is 80 degrees. The fluid disturbance fixtures are evenly arranged along the axis of the reactor. There are 8 fluid disturbance fixtures on the upper part of the fluid disturbance device, namely 5-a, 5-b, 5-c, 5-d, 5-e, 5-f, 5-g, and 5-h. The circular protrusion at the bottom of the fluid disturbance device breaks up the rising fluid from the inlet pipe and evenly distributes it in the fluid uniform distribution channel. Near the circular protrusion, the rising fluid forms a back-mixing area, thereby improving the mass transfer and heat transfer of the substances inside the inlet fluid.

[0050] The fluid distribution channel is formed by the grooves provided in the lining of the disturbing fluid and the lower cone section. The fluid distribution channel is evenly distributed along the axis of the reactor. There are 8 fluid distribution channels, namely 6-a, 6-b, 6-c, 6-d, 6-e, 6-f, 6-g, and 6-h. The total area of ​​the fluid distribution channel is 70% of the area of ​​the inlet pipe. The rising fluid from the inlet pipe is evenly distributed to the fluid distribution channel through the deflection effect of the disturbing fluid. Since the channel presents a certain vertical inclination angle, the fluid is accelerated in the channel and the internal back mixing of the fluid is further enhanced.

[0051] The outlet of fluid uniform distribution channel is provided with lower feeder, and lower feeder is evenly arranged along reactor axis. The number of lower feeders is 8, namely 7-a, 7-b, 7-c, 7-d, 7-e, 7-f, 7-g, 7-h, and lower feeder spray angle z is 150 degrees, and lower feeder preferably liquid atomizing nozzle, and atomized liquid particle size is less than 2mm. The fluid from lower feeder is crossed with the fluid after uniform distribution channel, and the strong contact mixing of two fluids is realized, and the two fluids after mixing are sprayed into the lower space of expansion tube at a certain angle, and the fluid flow rate is reduced after expansion, and due to the upper cone structure of disturbing fluid, the lower space of expansion tube is formed with sufficient back mixing area of ​​fluid, and the contact of material in fluid is more uniform, and the mass transfer and heat transfer efficiency of material in fluid is improved, which is conducive to improving reaction conversion rate.

[0052] A middle feeder is provided in the middle of the expansion pipe. The middle feed fluid is a gas-solid fluid, and the solid particles are not larger than 5mm. The outlet of the middle feeder adopts an inverted V-shaped structure to achieve solid dispersion, which is beneficial to the countercurrent contact between the solid feed and the rising fluid in the expansion pipe, so as to achieve full mixing of the feed and the rising fluid and improve the mass transfer and heat transfer efficiency of the substances in the fluid.

[0053] An upper feeder is provided on the upper part of the expansion tube. The feed is liquid. The outlet of the upper feeder adopts a fan-shaped liquid distribution structure to achieve liquid dispersion, which is beneficial to the countercurrent contact between the liquid feed and the rising fluid in the expansion tube, so as to achieve full mixing of the feed and the rising fluid and improve the mass transfer and heat transfer efficiency of the substances in the fluid.

[0054] The angle w formed by the connection between the upper cone section and the outlet pipe is 80 degrees, and the fluid flow rate of the outlet pipe is 10-20 m / s.

[0055] The operating conditions of the reactor used in this embodiment are: temperature 460-560° C., pressure 0.3 MPa.

[0056] The feed fluid of the inlet pipe is a mixture of gas and solid coke powder.

[0057] The feed of the lower feeder is solid-containing heavy oil.

[0058] The middle feeder is fed with pulverized coal.

[0059] The upper feeder is fed with quench oil.

[0060] The reaction conversion rate of this embodiment is: greater than 80%

[0061] Example 2

[0062] In this embodiment 2, two reactors used in embodiment 1 are used in series, and the outlet pipe of the first reactor and the inlet pipe of the second reactor are sealed and connected.

[0063] The operating conditions of reactor 1 are: temperature 530-550°C, pressure 0.35MPa.

[0064] The operating conditions of the reactor 2 are: temperature 500-520°C, pressure 0.32MPa.

[0065] This embodiment uses two multi-feed upflow reactors in series to achieve independent temperature and pressure control of each reactor, which is beneficial to improving mass and heat transfer efficiency and reaction conversion rate, and is particularly suitable for cascade reactions.

[0066] All documents mentioned in the present invention are cited as references in this application, just as each document is cited as reference individually. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the above teachings of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the claims attached to this application.

Claims

1. A multi-feed upflow reactor, characterized in that: The shell of the multi-feed upflow reactor is a metal cylinder, which includes: an inlet pipe (1), a lower cone section (2), an expansion pipe (3), a fluid disturbance fluid (4), a fluid disturbance fluid fixing member (5), a fluid distribution channel (6), a lower feeder (7), a middle feeder (8), an upper feeder (9), an upper cone section (10) and an outlet pipe (11); The lower end of the lower cone section (2) is connected to the upper end of the inlet pipe (1), and the upper end of the lower cone section (2) is connected to the lower end of the expanded diameter pipe (3); the lower end of the upper cone section (10) is connected to the upper end of the expanded diameter pipe (3), and the upper end of the upper cone section (10) is connected to the lower end of the outlet pipe (11); a middle feeder (8) and an upper feeder (9) are provided at the middle and upper parts of the expanded diameter pipe (3); A fluid-disturbing fixture (5) is provided on the upper part of the fluid-disturbing body (4); the fluid-disturbing body (4) is fixed at the center of the lower cone section (2); the fluid-disturbing body (4) is composed of two cone structures, an upper cone and a lower cone; the upper cone is a right cone, and the lower cone is an inverted cone; the bottom surfaces of the upper and lower cones overlap; the upper part of the upper cone is pointed; and the lower part of the lower cone is a circular protrusion; The inlet pipe, lower cone section, expanded pipe, fluid disturbance body, fluid disturbance body fixing member, fluid distribution channel, upper cone section and outlet pipe are all lined with heat-insulating and wear-resistant lining A on the metal cylinder; The fluid uniform distribution channel (6) is formed by fitting the lining of the lower cone of the fluid disturbance body and the groove provided in the lining of the lower cone section, and the fluid uniform distribution channel is evenly distributed along the axis of the reactor; A lower feeder (7) is provided at the outlet of the fluid uniform distribution channel (6) on the lower cone section (2).

2. The multi-feed upflow reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that The angle x of the conical structure of the upper cone is 30 to 170 degrees; and / or the angle y of the conical structure of the lower cone is 30 to 170 degrees.

3. The multi-feed upflow reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that The number of the fluid-disturbing fixing parts is 2 to 20.

4. The multi-feed upflow reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that The thickness of the heat-insulating and wear-resistant lining is 40 to 300 mm.

5. The multi-feed upflow reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that The number of the fluid evenly distributed channels is 2 to 15; and the total area of ​​the fluid evenly distributed channels is not greater than the area of ​​the inlet pipe.

6. The multi-feed upflow reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that The number of the lower feeders is 2 to 15; and / or the spraying angle z of the lower feeders is 90 to 170 degrees.

7. The multi-feed upflow reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that The number of the middle feeders is 0 to 4; and / or the number of the upper feeders is 0 to 4.

8. The multi-feed upflow reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that The angle w formed by the connection between the upper cone section and the outlet pipe is 20 to 150 degrees.

9. The multi-feed upflow reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that The lower feeder is a liquid atomizing nozzle; and / or the outlet of the middle feeder adopts an inverted V-shaped structure; and / or the outlet of the upper feeder adopts a fan-shaped liquid distribution structure.

10. A multi-feed upflow reactor system, characterized in that: The multi-feed upflow reactor system comprises a plurality of multi-feed upflow reactors according to any one of claims 1 to 9 connected in series.

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