A multiple bypass switch tool

Abstract

The invention discloses a multiple bypass switch tool, comprising an upper joint, a sliding torsion short joint and a lower joint, wherein a one-way check valve is arranged in the upper joint and the lower joint; a plurality of bypass channels are radially arranged on the wall of the lower joint; the sliding torsion short joint comprises a spline sleeve and a spline mandrel, wherein the spline sleeve and the spline mandrel are axially slidable, sealed and limited by a spline pair, the upper end of the spline mandrel is connected to the upper joint, the lower end of the spline mandrel is provided with a radial hole and is contact-matched with the one-way check valve in the lower joint, the spline mandrel is axially provided with an axial through hole penetrating the upper and lower joints, and the lower end of the spline sleeve is connected to the lower joint. The multiple bypass switch tool has a simple structure and is easy to operate. The bypass channel can be closed and opened only by applying and releasing drilling pressure, and plugging operations can be performed without drilling. Moreover, the pressure consumption of the drilling medium in the multiple bypass switch tool is relatively small during drilling, and alternating operations of small-displacement drilling and large-displacement well washing can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of drilling tools, in particular to a bypass switch tool for drilling. Background Art

[0002] The bypass switch tool for drilling is connected to the drilling tool, usually connected to the upper part of the measurement while drilling tool, core barrel or power drilling tool, etc. It can provide a bypass circulation channel to implement some important operations when needed, which is conducive to improving drilling production efficiency and well control safety. Its main functions include the following aspects: ① It can plug leaks without drilling, shortening the drilling cycle; ② It can increase the annular flow to help carry cuttings to wash the well.

[0003] The existing bypass switch tools for drilling mainly include ball-throwing type, pump displacement adjustment type and radio frequency type; in the ball-throwing type bypass switch tool, the bypass hole switch is mainly controlled by throwing a ball, and its number of uses is limited. Moreover, each time the bypass hole is opened and closed, the pump needs to be started and stopped to throw a ball, which requires a shifting mechanism and switch balls of various diameters, and the structure is relatively complex; the radio frequency bypass switch tool is composed of a radio frequency control module, a hydraulic control module and a circulation valve module, and the structure is complex and the price is high. Moreover, the opening and closing of the bypass hole requires the start-stop pump tool to adjust the pressure difference of the switch structure by adjusting the displacement of the drilling pump to open and close the bypass hole, which has high requirements for the performance of the drilling fluid and the displacement adjustment, and the displacement adjustment and use range of the drilling pump are limited. The above defects mainly lead to the following problems: ① The switch tool has a complex structure, is difficult to maintain, and has a high cost of use; ② The opening and closing of the bypass hole requires the start-stop pump and displacement adjustment, which is complicated to operate, and the bypass hole opening and resetting time is long, which reduces the production time efficiency and causes the rock cuttings to settle. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a multiple-switch bypass tool to address the problems existing in the prior art, reduce the cost of using the bypass switch, and shorten the switching time of the bypass channel.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following design scheme:

[0006] A multiple bypass switch tool comprises an upper joint, a sliding torsion short joint and a lower joint, wherein: a one-way check valve is arranged in the main channel of the upper joint; a one-way check valve is arranged in the main channel of the lower joint, and the opening pressure of the one-way check valve in the lower joint is greater than the opening pressure of the one-way check valve in the upper joint, and a plurality of bypass channels are radially arranged on the wall of the lower joint above the one-way check valve; the sliding torsion short joint comprises a spline sleeve and a spline core shaft, the spline sleeve and the spline core shaft form axial sliding, sealing and limiting cooperation through a spline pair, the upper end of the spline core shaft is connected to the upper joint, the lower end of the spline core shaft is provided with a radial hole or groove, the lower end of the spline core shaft is contact-coordinated with the one-way check valve in the lower joint, the spline core shaft is axially provided with an axial through hole which penetrates the upper and lower joints, and the lower end of the spline sleeve is connected to the lower joint. The relative axial displacement spacing between the spline shaft and the spline sleeve must meet the following conditions: when the spline shaft moves upward to the limit position, the lower end of the spline shaft does not contact the one-way check valve in the lower joint, the one-way check valve in the lower joint is closed, and the bypass channel is connected to the axial through hole of the spline shaft; when the spline shaft moves downward to the limit position, the lower end of the spline shaft pushes through the one-way check valve in the lower joint, and the bypass channel is not connected to the axial through hole of the spline shaft, and the radial hole or groove at the lower end of the spline shaft is connected to the main channel of the lower joint.

[0007] The above scheme further comprises:

[0008] The one-way check valve includes a valve core, a spring and a guide support, wherein the guide supports are respectively fixed in the main channels of the upper and lower joints, the valve core is connected to the top of the guide support through a spring, the valve core and the main channels of the upper and lower joints form a dynamic seal fit, and the valve core in the lower joint and the spline core shaft above form a touch fit.

[0009] The one-way check valve also includes a valve seat, which is sealed and fixed in the main channel of the upper and lower joints, and the valve core and the valve seat form a dynamic seal.

[0010] The spline spindle is composed of a spline shaft and a switch shaft. The lower end of the switch shaft is provided with a radial hole or a groove and is actuated to cooperate with a one-way check valve in the lower joint.

[0011] A sealing ring is installed between the switch shaft and the main channel of the lower joint; and sealing rings are installed above and below the spline pair formed by the spline shaft and the spline sleeve.

[0012] The inner cavity of the spline pair formed by the spline shaft and the spline sleeve is filled with lubricating oil.

[0013] The advantages of the present invention are: (1) simple structure and low maintenance cost; (2) the bypass channel switch is easy to operate and does not require starting and stopping the pump, which can improve production efficiency; (3) plugging operations can be carried out without drilling, shortening the drilling cycle; (4) the drilling pump displacement can be optimized, and the circulation pressure loss in the drill string can be reduced by drilling with a small displacement to increase the water power of the deep drill bit. At the same time, the main channel fluid can be quickly converted to the bypass channel and the displacement can be increased to wash the well, thereby giving full play to the speed-up effect of jet drilling technology in deep layers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 The invention is a structural schematic diagram of a multiple bypass switch tool in which the bypass channel is in a closed state.

[0015] Figure 2 The present invention is a structural schematic diagram of a multiple bypass switch tool in which the bypass channel is in an open state.

[0016] In the figure, 1 is the upper joint, 2 is the sliding torsion short joint, 3 is the lower joint, 10 is the valve body, 11 / 35 is the valve seat, 12 / 34 is the valve core, 13 / 32 is the spring, 14 / 33 is the guide support, 20 / 23 / 36 is the sealing ring, 21 is the spline sleeve, 22 is the spline shaft, 24 / 39 is the axial through hole, 30 is the switch shaft, 31 is the lower joint body, 37 is the bypass channel, 38 is the main channel, and 310 is the radial hole or groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The following is combined with Figure 1 , Attachment Figure 2 The present invention is further described:

[0018] Example 1, see attached Figure 1 and 2 A multiple bypass switch tool comprises an upper joint 1, a sliding torsion short joint 2 and a lower joint 3. A one-way check valve (hereinafter referred to as one-way check valve A for easy distinction) is arranged in the main channel of the upper joint 1. A one-way check valve (hereinafter referred to as one-way check valve B for easy distinction) is arranged in the main channel of the lower joint 3, and the opening pressure of the one-way check valve B is greater than the opening pressure of the one-way check valve A (that is, the spring in the lower joint is slightly greater than the spring strength in the upper joint), and a plurality of (preferably 3-5) bypass channels 37 are radially arranged on the wall of the lower joint above the one-way check valve B. The sliding torsion short section 2 includes a spline sleeve 21 and a spline core shaft (the spline core shaft is an integrated design here). The spline sleeve 21 and the spline core shaft form axial sliding, sealing and limiting cooperation through a spline pair. The upper end of the spline core shaft is connected to the upper joint 1, and the lower end of the spline core shaft is provided with a radial hole or groove 310. The lower end of the spline core shaft is contact-fitted with a one-way check valve B. The spline core shaft is axially provided with an axial through hole (24 / 29) that passes through the upper and lower joints. The lower end of the spline sleeve 21 is connected to the lower joint 3.

[0019] The relative axial displacement spacing between the spline core shaft and the spline sleeve must meet the following conditions: when the spline core shaft moves upward to the extreme position, the lower end of the spline core shaft does not contact the one-way check valve B, the one-way check valve B is closed, and the bypass channel 37 is connected to the axial through hole 24 / 29 of the spline core shaft; when the spline core shaft moves downward to the extreme position, the lower end of the spline core shaft pushes through the one-way check valve B, and the bypass channel 37 is not connected to the axial through hole 24 / 29 of the spline core shaft, and the radial hole or groove 310 at the lower end of the spline core shaft is connected to the main channel 38 of the lower joint.

[0020] The above embodiment 1 further:

[0021] The one-way check valve includes a valve core 12 / 34, a spring 13 / 32 and a guide support 14 / 33, wherein the guide support 14 / 33 is respectively fixed in the main channels 38 of the upper and lower joints, the valve core 12 / 34 is connected above the guide support 14 / 33 through the spring 13 / 32, the valve core 12 forms a dynamic seal with the main channels of the upper and lower joints 1, and the valve core 34 in the lower joint forms a touch fit with the spline core shaft above.

[0022] The one-way check valve also includes a valve seat 11 / 35, which is sealed and fixed in the main channel of the upper and lower joints, and the valve core 12 / 34 forms a dynamic seal with the valve seat 11 / 35 respectively.

[0023] The spline spindle is composed of a spline shaft 22 and a switch shaft 30 connected together. A radial hole or groove 310 is provided at the lower end of the switch shaft 30 and is actuated by the one-way check valve B.

[0024] A sealing ring 36 is installed between the switch shaft 30 and the main channel 38 of the lower joint; and sealing rings 20 / 23 are installed above and below the spline pair formed by the spline shaft 22 and the spline sleeve 21, respectively.

[0025] Typical embodiments:

[0026] Compare with Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 A multiple bypass switch tool comprises an upper joint 1, a sliding torsion short joint 2 and a lower joint 3. The upper and lower parts of the sliding torsion short joint 2 are connected to the upper joint 1 and the lower joint 3 respectively.

[0027] A one-way check valve AH and a one-way check valve B are respectively arranged in the main passage 38 of the upper joint 1 and the lower joint 3. The one-way check valve A includes a valve body 10 (i.e., the upper joint body), a valve seat 11, a valve core 12, a spring 13, and a guide support 14; the one-way check valve 1 allows the drilling medium to flow from top to bottom and prevents the drilling medium from flowing from bottom to top. The sliding torsion short section 2 includes a spline sleeve 21 and a spline shaft 22. The spline sleeve 21 and the spline shaft 22 can move relative to each other up and down and transmit torque and drilling pressure; the spline shaft 22 is processed with an axial through hole 24; the spline pair formed by the spline shaft 22 and the spline sleeve 21 is respectively installed with a sealing ring 20 and a sealing ring 23 up and down to isolate the spline pair from the drilling medium around it, and the sealing ring 20, the sealing ring 23 and the spline pair are filled with lubricating oil. The lower joint 3 includes a lower joint body 31, a one-way check valve B and a switch shaft 30; the lower joint body 31 is a cylindrical structure, with a main channel 38 processed in the axial direction and a bypass channel 37 processed in the radial direction; the one-way check valve B is installed inside the main channel 38, dividing the main channel 38 into an upper main channel and a lower main channel, and the bypass channel 37 is processed at the upper part of the one-way check valve B installation position and is connected to the upper main channel; the one-way check valve B mainly includes a valve core 34, a valve seat 35, a spring 32 and a guide support 33; the guide support 33 is used to guide the straightening valve core 35 and the support spring 32, and the spring 32 generates The valve core 34 is pushed upward, thereby closing the valve core 34 and the valve seat 35; when the valve core 34 and the valve seat 35 are closed, the fluid in the lower main channel is prevented from flowing to the upper main channel; the switch shaft 30 is cylindrical, with an axial through hole 39 inside, and a radial hole or groove C310 is processed at the lower part, and a sealing ring 36 is installed on the outer edge of the switch shaft 30 and on the upper part of the radial hole or groove C310. After the upper end of the switch shaft 30 is fixedly connected to the spline shaft 22, it slides up and down in the main channel 38 with the spline shaft 22; the upper end of the spline shaft 22 is connected to the upper joint 1, and the lower end is connected to the switch shaft 30, and the lower end of the spline sleeve 21 is connected to the lower joint 3.

[0028] See attached Figure 2 When the spline shaft 22 and the switch shaft 30 move upward to the limit position relative to the spline sleeve 21 and the lower joint 3, the bypass channel 37 is in an open state. Figure 1 When the spline shaft 22 and the switch shaft 30 move downward to the limit position relative to the spline sleeve 21 and the lower joint 3, the bypass channel 37 is in a closed state.

[0029] During the drilling process, the upper part of the upper joint 1 is connected to the upper combined drilling tool, and the lower part of the lower joint 3 is connected to the lower combined drilling tool.

[0030] See attached Figure 1, the upper combined drilling tool drives the upper joint 1, spline shaft 22, spline sleeve 21, lower joint 3 and lower combined drilling tool to rotate and apply torque and drilling pressure during drilling; the upper joint 1, spline shaft 22 and switch shaft 30 are in the lower limit position relative to the spline sleeve 21 and lower joint 3. When in the lower limit position, the switch shaft 30 forms a radial seal with the upper main channel through the sealing ring 36, and the lower end of the switch shaft 30 pushes the valve core 34 to leave the valve seat 35. The drilling medium passes through the inner hole of the upper combined drilling tool, the upper joint 1, the spline shaft through hole 24, the switch shaft through hole 39, the switch shaft radial hole C310, and the lower main channel of the lower joint 3 from top to bottom and enters the lower combined drilling tool (see attached Figure 1 The valve core 34 is opened by pressing down the switch shaft 30, rather than by the pressure of the drilling medium. Therefore, during drilling with drilling pressure applied, the pressure loss of the drilling medium in the drill bit does not include the opening pressure loss of the one-way check valve.

[0031] See attached Figure 2 When the bypass channel 37 needs to be opened, the upper combined drill tool is lifted up for a while, and the lower combined drill tool moves downward under the action of gravity and the thrust of the upper fluid, and the multiple bypass switch tool will be in the lower limit position; when it is in the lower limit position, the sealing ring 36 of the switch shaft 30 is located in the upper main channel, and the lower end of the switch shaft 30 is not in contact with the upper end of the valve core 34. The drilling medium passes through the inner hole of the upper combined drill tool, the upper joint 1, the spline shaft through hole 24, the switch shaft through hole 39 and the switch shaft radial through hole C310, and the main channel of the lower joint from top to bottom to enter the bypass channel 37; the downward thrust generated by the drilling medium on the valve core 34 is smaller than the opening force between the valve core 34 and the valve seat 35, and the spring 32 pushes the valve core 34 and the valve seat 35 to be in a closed state.

[0032] The drilling medium can be gas or liquid, it can be drilling fluid for drilling operations, or it can be plugging agent for plugging operations.

[0033] The multiple bypass switch tool has a simple structure and is easy to operate. The bypass channel can be closed and opened only by applying and releasing drilling pressure. After the bypass channel is opened, the one-way check valve can prevent the plugging material from entering the lower combined drill bit. Therefore, the multiple bypass switch tool can be used to perform plugging operations without drilling. The bypass channel does not require starting and stopping the pump to open and close, and the drilling medium has a low pressure consumption in the multiple bypass switch tool during drilling. Therefore, it is convenient to realize the alternating operations of small-displacement drilling and large-displacement well washing.

Claims

1. A multiple bypass switch tool, comprising an upper joint, a sliding torsion nipple and a lower joint, characterized in that: A one-way check valve is arranged in the main channel of the upper joint; a one-way check valve is arranged in the main channel of the lower joint, and the opening pressure of the one-way check valve in the lower joint is greater than the opening pressure of the one-way check valve in the upper joint, and 3-5 bypass channels are radially arranged on the wall of the lower joint above the one-way check valve; the sliding torsion short section includes a spline sleeve and a spline core shaft, and the spline sleeve and the spline core shaft form axial sliding, sealing and limiting cooperation through a spline pair, the upper end of the spline core shaft is connected to the upper joint, and the lower end of the spline core shaft is provided with a radial hole or groove, and the lower end of the spline core shaft is contact-matched with the one-way check valve in the lower joint, and the spline An axial through hole penetrating the upper and lower joints is provided in the axial direction of the core shaft, and the lower end of the spline sleeve is connected to the lower joint; the relative axial displacement spacing between the spline core shaft and the spline sleeve must meet the following conditions: when the spline core shaft moves upward to the limit position, the lower end of the spline core shaft does not contact the one-way check valve in the lower joint, the one-way check valve in the lower joint is closed, and the bypass channel is connected to the axial through hole of the spline core shaft; when the spline core shaft moves downward to the limit position, the lower end of the spline core shaft pushes through the one-way check valve in the lower joint, and the bypass channel is not connected to the axial through hole of the spline core shaft, and the radial hole or groove at the lower end of the spline core shaft is connected to the main channel of the lower joint; The spline spindle is composed of a spline shaft and a switch shaft, and the lower end of the switch shaft is contact-matched with a one-way check valve in the lower joint.

2. A multiple bypass switch tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The one-way check valve includes a valve core, a spring and a guide support, wherein the guide supports are respectively fixed in the main channels of the upper and lower joints, the valve core is connected to the top of the guide support through a spring, the valve core and the main channels of the upper and lower joints form a dynamic seal fit, and the valve core in the lower joint and the spline core shaft above form a touch fit.

3. A multiple bypass switch tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The one-way check valve also includes a valve seat, which is sealed and fixed in the main channel of the upper and lower joints, and the valve core and the valve seat form a dynamic seal.

4. A multiple bypass switch tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: A sealing ring is installed between the switch shaft and the main channel of the lower joint; and sealing rings are installed above and below the spline pair formed by the spline shaft and the spline sleeve.

5. A multiple bypass switch tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner cavity of the spline pair formed by the spline shaft and the spline sleeve is filled with lubricating oil.

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