A biological filter based on ceramic fiber packing

Abstract

The present invention provides a biological filter based on ceramic fiber fillers. The biological filter based on ceramic fiber fillers includes: a filter body and a microbial growth carrier. A plurality of vertical partition plates are fixedly connected in the filter body, and the plurality of partition plates divide the filter body into a plurality of units. Wherein, each unit is divided into a water distribution area, a filler area, and a water tank area from top to bottom, and the microbial growth carrier is located in the filler area of each unit. The microbial growth carrier includes fixing rods fixedly connected to the upper and lower ends of the filler area respectively, a plurality of groups of support rods detachably connected to the fixing rods, and ceramic fiber cloths connected to each group of support rods. Wherein, a purification microbial membrane is laid on the outer surface of the ceramic fiber cloth. Compared with the existing biological filters, the present invention has a small floor area and can improve the treatment effect at the same time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical fields of environmental protection and water treatment engineering, and particularly to a biological filter based on ceramic fiber packing. Background Art

[0002] In the treatment of sewage, the removal of organic matter and ammonia nitrogen generally depends on the oxidation metabolism of microorganisms with the assistance of oxygen to remove organic matter and

[0003] ammonia nitrogen. Therefore, conventional sewage treatment usually requires a large amount of electricity to blow air into the system, resulting in high sewage treatment costs. Processes represented by biological filters achieve oxygen supply to the system through natural ventilation. A typical biological filter is a water treatment technology with artificial substrates (such as gravel, sand, and ceramsite) as biological carriers. Sewage enters from above, passes through the filter media layer, and flows on and under the surface of the substrate, while air usually flows upward through the ventilation holes below. Pollutants in the sewage are degraded through a series of processes such as adsorption by the substrate and transformation by microorganisms on the surface of the filter media.

[0004] However, conventional biological filters use materials such as gravel and ceramsite as filter media, with a relatively small specific surface area. Moreover, usually, the filter only has one-stage water passing and no reflux, resulting in a short residence time of sewage in the system and low treatment efficiency. This forces the load to be designed relatively low. Usually, the load of the filter as the secondary biological treatment section for treating sewage is 0.4 m / d, and the required floor area of the structure is relatively large. Thus, even in decentralized sewage treatment in rural areas, the disadvantage of large floor area is relatively prominent. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a biological filter based on ceramic fiber packing.

[0006] It solves the problem of low treatment efficiency of existing biological filters; at the same time, it solves the problem of large floor area of existing biological filters.

[0007] The present invention is realized through the following technical solutions:

[0008] The present invention provides a biological filter based on ceramic fiber packing, which includes: a filter body and a microbial growth carrier;

[0009] A plurality of vertical partition plates are fixedly connected in the filter body, and the plurality of partition plates divide the filter body into multiple units; wherein, each unit is divided into a water distribution area, a packing area, and a water tank area from top to bottom, and the microbial growth carrier is located in the packing area of each unit;

[0010] The microbial growth carrier includes fixing rods fixedly connected to the upper and lower ends of the packing area respectively, multiple groups of support rods detachably connected to the fixing rods, and ceramic fiber cloths connected to each group of the support rods; wherein, a purification microbial film is laid on the outer surface of the ceramic fiber cloth;

[0011] Both ends of the ceramic fiber cloth are fixedly connected together to form a circular structure, and an air gap layer with a distance of 5-15 mm is formed inside the circular ceramic fiber cloth: when sewage is sprayed, the sewage flows from above through the ceramic fiber cloth, flows down from the outer surface of each piece of ceramic fiber cloth with a hollow structure to cover the surface of the biofilm to form an anoxic layer, and there is no water flow inside the hollow circular ceramic fiber cloth to form oxygenation.

[0012] Preferably, a plurality of the pool areas are connected to each other.

[0013] Preferably, one fixing rod is fixedly connected to each of the two sides of the upper end of the packing area and each of the two sides of the lower end of the packing area, and a plurality of grooves are formed in each fixing rod, and both ends of the support rod are respectively located in the corresponding grooves.

[0014] Preferably, the distance between adjacent two groups of the support rods is 5-15 mm.

[0015] Preferably, an anaerobic tank is fixedly connected to the lower part of the filter tank body, and an influent lift pump and a circulating water distribution pump are fixedly connected to the anaerobic tank.

[0016] Compared with the existing biological filter tank, the present invention has a smaller floor area and can improve the treatment effect at the same time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a biological filter tank based on ceramic fiber packing provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the filter tank body of a biological filter tank based on ceramic fiber packing provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of each unit in the filter tank body of a biological filter tank based on ceramic fiber packing provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the fixing rod of a biological filter tank based on ceramic fiber packing provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0021] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for the purpose of illustrating and explaining the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0022] First, for the convenience of understanding the biological filter based on ceramic fiber packing provided by the embodiments of the present application, its application scenario will be described first. The biological filter based on ceramic fiber packing provided by the embodiments of the present application is used to provide a device that can improve the sewage treatment effect and reduce the floor area; while the existing biological filter has a low treatment effect, and the existing biological filter has a large floor area. The biological filter based on ceramic fiber packing provided by the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] First, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 which is a schematic structural diagram of a biological filter based on ceramic fiber packing provided by an embodiment of the present invention. According to Figure 1 it can be known that the present invention provides a biological filter based on ceramic fiber packing. The biological filter based on ceramic fiber packing includes a filter tank body 1 and an anaerobic tank 10 located below the filter tank body 1. The anaerobic tank 10 is divided into a plurality of grids, and the adjacent two grids are connected and communicated. An inlet hole is opened in the upper part of the side wall of the grid at the front end of the anaerobic tank 10, and an outlet hole is opened in the upper part of the side wall of the grid at the rear end. When using the present invention, first, the sewage is discharged into the anaerobic tank 10 through the inlet hole, and the organic matter in the sewage is decomposed in the anaerobic tank 10. Then, the sewage in the grid at the rear end of the anaerobic tank 10 is discharged into the filter tank body 1, so as to remove ammonia nitrogen in the sewage in the filter tank body 1.

[0024] Among them, when the filter tank body 1 is specifically set, it can refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 which is a schematic structural diagram of the filter tank body of a biological filter based on ceramic fiber packing provided by an embodiment of the present invention. According to Figure 2 it can be known that a plurality of partition plates 2 are fixedly connected in the filter tank body 1. The partition plates 2 divide the internal space of the filter tank body 1 into a plurality of units. Each unit is divided into a water distribution area 3, a packing area 4, and a water tank area 5 from top to bottom. A microbial growth carrier is fixedly connected in the packing area 4, and a plurality of water tank areas 5 are connected and communicated as a whole water tank area 5. An inlet and an outlet are respectively opened on both sides of the water tank area 5. Specifically, the

[0025] height of the filter tank body 1 can be 1.5 m, the height of the water distribution area 3 is 0.6 m, the height of the packing area 4 is 1.8 m, and the height of the water tank area is 0.6 m; according to the prior art, a rotary water distributor should also be fixedly connected in each water distribution area 3, and each rotary water distributor should be fixedly connected with a sub-distribution water pipe, and all the sub-distribution water pipes 10 should be connected and communicated with the same main water pipe. Continue to refer toFigure 1 Inside the last cell of the anaerobic tank 10, an influent lift pump 11 and a circulating water distribution pump 12 are fixedly connected. Specifically, the influent lift pump should be connected to the water inlet through a water delivery pipe, and the circulating water distribution pump 12 is connected to one end of the main water delivery pipe through another water delivery pipe. When treating sewage, the influent lift pump 11 can be started. Since the influent lift pump 11 is located in the last cell of the anaerobic tank 10, when the sewage flows from the first cell to the last cell of the anaerobic tank 10, some of the organic matter in the sewage has been decomposed. The influent lift pump 11 can pump the sewage in the last cell of the anaerobic tank 10 into the water tank area 5. The sewage in the water tank area 5 can flow into the first cell of the anaerobic tank 10 through the water outlet on one side of the water tank area 5. At this time, the remaining organic matter in the sewage in which some organic matter has been decomposed can continue to be decomposed in the anaerobic tank 10 as the sewage flows; at the same time, when the sewage in the water tank area 5 flows into the anaerobic tank 10, it can stir the sewage in the anaerobic tank 10 to a certain extent. When the influent lift pump 11 is started, the circulating water distribution pump 12 is started at the same time. The circulating water distribution pump 12 pumps the sewage in the last cell of the anaerobic tank 10 into the main water delivery pipe and each branch water delivery pipe, and sprays it through each rotary water distributor. The sewage sprayed from the rotary water distributor will fall on the microbial growth carrier in the corresponding unit. There are microorganisms on the microbial growth carrier. When the sewage falls on the microbial growth carrier, the microorganisms will absorb some ammonia nitrogen elements in the sewage. The sewage passing through the microbial growth carrier finally falls into the water tank area 5 and flows back into the anaerobic tank 10 through the water outlet, which will stir the sewage in the anaerobic tank 10 to a certain extent. Repeating the above steps multiple times, the microbial growth carrier will finally completely absorb the ammonia nitrogen elements in the sewage.

[0026] Furthermore, the present invention of this application should adopt a relatively large external circulation ratio (2 - 5), that is, the water distribution flow rate from above is 2 - 5 times the influent flow rate of the entire invention. This can improve the water distribution uniformity and the number of times the water flows through the microbial growth carrier, achieving an improvement in the purification efficiency. At the same time, in order to ensure that the water flow rate flowing out of each unit is the same, valves and rotameters can be separately set on each branch water delivery pipe as flow regulating mechanisms, so as to ensure that the water flow rate flowing out of each unit is the same. As can be seen from the above, the set circulation ratio of 2 - 5 in the present invention of this application is much higher than the reflux ratio of 0.3 - 0.5 of a general biological filter, increasing the number of times the water flows through the microbial growth carrier and having a better removal effect compared to a traditional filter; at the same time, this design is aimed at small sewage terminal anaerobic tanks that usually do not have stirring equipment. The sewage flowing back into the first cell of the anaerobic tank 10 in the present invention of this application ensures good mixing of the sewage in the entire anaerobic tank 10 and also helps to improve the hydrolysis and COD removal effects in the anaerobic tank 10.

[0027] When specifically setting each unit in the filter body 1, it can be specifically referred to Figure 3 , Figure 3It is a schematic structural diagram of each unit in the filter tank body of a biological filter tank based on ceramic fiber packing provided by an embodiment of the present invention. According to Figure 3 It can be seen that the microbial growth carrier includes fixing rods 6 fixedly connected to both sides of the upper end and both sides of the lower end of the packing area 4 respectively. Multiple support rods 7 are connected between two fixing rods 6 at the same horizontal height. A ceramic fiber cloth 8 is sleeved between two support rods 7 in the same vertical direction. The ceramic fiber cloth 8 specifically uses a cloth-like fabric made of ceramic fiber as a planar packing. The ceramic fiber cloth is woven from ceramic fiber filaments with a diameter of 0.5 - 2 mm produced from aluminosilicate as raw materials, with a thickness of 0.5 - 2 mm, a width of 0.5 - 2 m, and a length selected according to the height of the packing area 4 in the filter tank body 1. When specifically arranged, each piece of the ceramic fiber cloth 8 is arranged in a folded form. The 1 / 2 folding part is sleeved on the support rod 7 located above in the same vertical direction. The two ends of the lower packing cloth are sewn to form a circular structure, and the lower end is suspended on the support rod 7 located below in the same vertical direction to form a circular arrangement. A void layer with a spacing of 5 - 15 mm is formed inside the circle, and a microbial film is laid on the outer surface of the circular ceramic fiber cloth 8. When spraying sewage with a rotary distributor, the sewage flows from above through the ceramic fiber cloth 8 and flows down from the outer surface of each piece of the ceramic fiber cloth 8 in a hollow circular shape. The pollutants in the sewage are absorbed, metabolized, and degraded by the microbial film on the surface of the ceramic fiber cloth 8. Since the arrangement of the circular ceramic fiber cloth 8 makes there be no water flow inside the circle, a better oxygenation effect is formed. And on the outer surface of the ceramic fiber cloth 8 (the outer layer of the circle), since there is a continuous water flow layer covering the surface of the biofilm, the outer biofilm is rather hypoxic. The pollutants in the sewage first contact the hypoxic layer, and the organic matter in the sewage is first utilized as a carbon source by denitrifying bacteria, which is beneficial to the occurrence of the denitrification reaction and improves the removal effect of N.

[0028] Among them, when specifically arranged, the ceramic fiber cloth 8 can use a nano-ceramic fiber cloth as a purification microbial carrier, with a thickness of 2 mm. The single-piece fiber cloth has a length × width of 3.3 × 1.2 m. It is folded and hung down along two stainless steel pipes with a length of 140 cm, a cross-section of a square with a side length of 1 cm, and a thickness of 1 mm that are symmetrically arranged up and down. The lower end of the packing cloth is folded and sewn to form a hollow circular shape. The total thickness dimension of the packing circle is about 1.4 cm, and the width of the hollow void of the formed circular packing module is about 10 mm.

[0029] When specifically arranging the fixing rod 6, reference can be made to Figure 4 , Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the fixing rod of a biological filter tank based on ceramic fiber packing provided by an embodiment of the present invention. According to Figure 4It can be seen that the fixed rod 6 can be made of No. 4 stainless steel angle steel (40*40*4mm). 55 grooves 9 with a width of 12mm and a depth of 30mm are opened along one side of the angle steel as positioning and fixing grooves for the support steel pipes, with an interval of 10mm. Since there are multiple grooves 9 on the angle steel, multiple groups of support rods 7 can be connected within each unit. Therefore, multiple circular ceramic fiber cloths 8 can be stacked within each unit. Thus, compared with traditional gravel or ceramsite filters, the present invention has high microbial compatibility, a large amount of biofilm, and high activity.

[0030] All components in the present invention of this application are common components in the prior art, and all electrical components in the present invention of this application should be connected with a control switch for controlling itself, and each electrical component should be electrically connected to an external power supply through the control switch for controlling itself.

[0031] In the above embodiment, the present invention of this application adopts a flat ceramic fiber cloth filler arranged densely and vertically. Compared with traditional gravel or ceramsite filters, it has high microbial compatibility, a large amount of biofilm, and high activity; at the same time, it occupies a small area. As the aerobic core process section for water treatment, the floor area per ton of water is only 0.1 - 0.15 m2, which is greatly reduced compared with the floor area per ton of water of 0.3 - 0.5 m2 for traditional filters. And because the ceramic fiber cloth filler is adopted, the height of the device is reduced to 2m, and the overall pressure is reduced to 1 ton / m2. The equipment can be directly arranged on the anaerobic tank constructed by conventional in-ground construction, greatly reducing the land area. At the same time, it has high water volume adaptability. The core filler module adopts a modular design. The maximum daily water treatment capacity of a single module for conventional domestic sewage is 10 tons, and through the modular combination design, the water volume that can be treated is suitable for various situations.

[0032] The above-described embodiments are only used to describe the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the concept and scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design concept of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solution of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the present invention. The technical content claimed by the present invention has been fully recorded in the claims.

Claims

1. A biological filter based on ceramic fiber fillers, characterized in that Including: A filter tank body and a microbial growth carrier; A plurality of vertical partition plates are fixedly connected in the filter tank body, and the plurality of partition plates divide the filter tank body into a plurality of units; wherein, each unit is divided into a water distribution area, a packing area, and a water tank area from top to bottom, and the microbial growth carrier is located in the packing area of each unit; The microbial growth carrier includes fixing rods fixedly connected to the upper and lower ends of the packing area respectively, a plurality of groups of support rods detachably connected to the fixing rods, and ceramic fiber cloths connected to each group of support rods; wherein, a purification microbial film is laid on the outer surface of the ceramic fiber cloth; The two ends of the ceramic fiber cloth are fixedly connected together to form a circular structure, and an air gap layer with a spacing of 5-15 mm is formed inside the circular ceramic fiber cloth: when sewage is sprayed, the sewage flows through the ceramic fiber cloth from top to bottom, flows down from the outer surface of each piece of ceramic fiber cloth with a hollow circular shape to cover the surface of the biofilm to form an anoxic layer, and there is no water flow inside the hollow circular ceramic fiber cloth to form oxygenation.

2. The biological filter based on ceramic fiber packing according to claim 1, wherein, The plurality of water tank areas are connected to each other.

3. A biological filter based on ceramic fiber packing according to claim 1, characterized in that, One fixing rod is fixedly connected to each of the two sides of the upper end of the packing area and the two sides of the lower end of the packing area respectively, and each fixing rod is provided with a plurality of grooves, and the two ends of the support rod are respectively located in the corresponding grooves.

4. A biological filter based on ceramic fiber filler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between two adjacent groups of support rods is 5-15 mm.

5. A biological filter based on ceramic fiber filler according to claim 1, characterized in that An anaerobic tank is fixedly connected below the filter tank body, and an inlet lift pump and a circulating water distribution pump are fixedly connected in the anaerobic tank.

Images