A ventilation and thermal insulation system and construction method for underground subway stations in high-cold areas

Abstract

The invention discloses a ventilation and heat preservation system and construction method for underground subway stations in high-cold areas, including an air duct assembly, a heating pipe, a temperature sensor, a fixing assembly, a sealing assembly and an axial flow fan; the air duct assembly includes a main pipe, a branch pipe and a connecting pipe, the main pipe and the branch pipe are connected through the connecting pipe, the main pipe, the branch pipe and the connecting pipe are sealed by a sealing assembly, the air duct assembly is fixed to the cavern through a fixing assembly, the axial flow fan is connected to the air inlet end of the main pipe, the heating pipe is arranged on the main pipe, the temperature sensor is electrically connected to the heating pipe, and when the temperature in the cavern is lower than the set value, the heating pipe is automatically started to heat the cold air. The ventilation and heat preservation system for underground subway stations in high-cold areas can automatically heat the cold air entering the air duct assembly by arranging the heating pipe on the air duct assembly, thereby ensuring the stability of the construction temperature in the station.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of rail transit construction, and in particular to a ventilation and heat preservation system for a dark-dug subway station in a high-cold region and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] When underground subway stations are constructed in winter in high-altitude cold areas, the temperature of the construction environment in the station is rapidly reduced due to the low external ambient temperature. The low temperature has a significant impact on the construction, which directly affects the safety, quality and progress of the construction. Among them, high-altitude cold areas refer to areas with high altitudes and perennial frozen soil or high-latitude cold climate areas, mostly seasonal frozen soil, and construction is carried out in winter. The ventilation demand of the station is contradictory to the insulation demand in the station. The reduction in temperature has a great impact on the construction quality of concrete and shotcrete in underground subway stations. Specifically, the main sources of the construction environment temperature of underground subway stations are surrounding rock geothermal heat, heat release of construction machinery and equipment, heat dissipation of lighting equipment, heat release of concrete hydration heat, and heat dissipation of the human body of construction workers. When the external temperature is at normal temperature, mechanical ventilation is conducive to regulating the construction environment temperature in the station, which is beneficial to reducing the construction environment temperature. However, in high-cold areas, when the outside temperature reaches below 0℃, the fresh air supplied into the station will quickly cause the construction environment temperature in the station to drop, making it very difficult to maintain the originally low temperature in the station above 5℃ of the winter construction environment temperature. It is necessary to consider supplying warm air into the station to ensure the normal progress of concrete and shotcrete projects.

[0003] In the prior art, there are many studies on ventilation and smoke exhaust for the construction of long or extra-long mountain tunnels. The environmental heating method is generally used, mainly the following three types: first, boiler heating air heating technology, the principle of which is to use boiler heating to provide a heat source (steam or hot water), the manufacturer purchases SRL or SRZ air heaters (the principle is the same as radiator heating), for heating the ambient air in the tunnel area; second, heater heating technology, the heat medium uses saturated steam or electric heat, for heating the ambient air in the tunnel area; third, ventilation air heating technology, using axial flow fans and ventilation heating pipes to heat the cold air sent into the tunnel, to achieve the purpose of heating the air entering the cave. At present, there is no relevant report on the research on ventilation and smoke exhaust for the construction of underground subway stations in high-cold areas, and this invention is the first time.

[0004] For example, the invention patent with Chinese patent publication number CN105134278B discloses a tunnel ventilation and heating system and ventilation and heating construction method for high-altitude and cold areas, wherein the ventilation and heating system includes an axial flow fan, an air duct and a ventilation heating pipe for heating the cold air sent into the tunnel; the ventilation heating pipe is installed on the air duct and includes a circular heating pipe, an air outlet and an air inlet, and the circular heating pipe includes an outer steel pipe, an inner steel pipe and a ventilation heating device installed in the inner steel pipe; the ventilation and heating construction method includes the following steps: 1. Installation of the axial flow fan; 2. Tunnel excavation and heating ventilation construction: During the tunnel excavation construction process, an axial flow fan is used for forced ventilation, and a ventilation heating pipe is used to heat the cold air sent in by the axial flow fan. The invention has a reasonable design, convenient construction and good use effect, and can solve the problems of the existing tunnel environment heating method, such as easy collision affecting tunnel construction, poor heating effect, and failure to meet the heating needs in low temperature environments.

[0005] Another example is the utility model patent with Chinese patent publication number CN205277471U, which discloses a ventilation system for high-altitude cold tunnel construction. In view of the problems encountered in the construction of high-altitude cold tunnels in the harsh environment of freezing damage and thin air, the utility model discloses a ventilation system suitable for high-altitude cold tunnel construction. The high-altitude cold tunnel construction ventilation system includes a fan arranged inside or outside the tunnel, the fan of the system is connected to a ventilation pipeline, the vent of the ventilation pipeline is arranged in the tunnel, the length of the ventilation pipeline matches the length of the tunnel, and the system also includes an oxygen-enhancing ventilation system connected to the ventilation pipeline with a heating device and an oxygen-enhancing ventilation system for increasing the oxygen content in the construction tunnel. The high-altitude cold tunnel construction ventilation system has a simple structure and is easy to operate. The heating effect and the oxygen-enhancing effect can be installed on one ventilation system at the same time, which is convenient for the construction unit to adjust to different environments and provides convenience for the construction unit to construct in harsh tunnel environments such as high-altitude cold tunnels.

[0006] There are at least the following problems in the prior art:

[0007] In the prior art, the above three tunnel environment heating technologies and corresponding equipment all have defects and shortcomings to varying degrees. Among them, the first two types of heating methods can only heat up local areas in the tunnel, and cannot meet the heating needs of a large area under low temperature environment. In addition, the equipment is easily collided in the narrow space in the tunnel, affecting the construction. The third heating method uses a boiler room outside the tunnel to provide a heat source, which is highly polluting and requires a large number of personnel. Due to the long heat energy transmission distance and large heat dissipation losses during the process, the heating effect of the face construction area is poor after the tunnel excavation depth is large.

[0008] There is no effective solution yet to the problems of poor construction environment conditions in underground subway stations, inability to guarantee air quality, and a significant impact on the health of construction workers. Summary of the invention

[0009] The object of the present invention is to provide a ventilation and heat preservation system and a construction method for a mined subway station in alpine regions.

[0010] The ventilation and heat preservation system for the mined subway station in alpine regions includes an air duct assembly, a heating pipeline, a temperature sensor, a fixing assembly, a sealing assembly and an axial flow ventilator; the air duct assembly includes a main pipeline, a branch main pipeline and a connecting pipeline, the main pipeline and the branch main pipeline are communicated through the connecting pipeline, the main pipeline, the branch main pipeline and the connecting pipeline are sealed through the sealing assembly, the main pipeline, the branch main pipeline and the connecting pipeline are all installed and fixed to the cavern through the fixing assembly, the axial flow ventilator is communicated with the air inlet end of the main pipeline, the heating pipeline is arranged on the main pipeline, the temperature sensor is arranged on the side wall of the cavern, the temperature sensor is electrically connected with the heating pipeline, when the temperature in the cavern is lower than the set value, the heating pipeline is automatically started to heat the cold air, and the hot air heated by the heating pipeline is sent into the cavern through the main pipeline, the connecting pipeline and the branch main pipeline in sequence.

[0011] Furthermore, the main pipeline is composed of a plurality of main air ducts, any two adjacent main air ducts among the plurality of main air ducts are connected and fixed through the sealing assembly, each main air duct among the plurality of main air ducts is installed and fixed to the cavern through the fixing assembly, and the heating pipeline is arranged in the plurality of main air ducts; the branch main pipeline is composed of a plurality of branch main air ducts, any two adjacent branch main air ducts among the plurality of branch main air ducts are connected and fixed through the sealing assembly, each branch main air duct among the plurality of branch main air ducts is installed and fixed to the cavern through the fixing assembly; the connecting pipeline is of an L shape, the middle part of the connecting pipeline has a circular arc transition, and both ends of the connecting pipeline are respectively sealed and fixed to the main air duct and the branch main air duct through the sealing assembly.

[0012] Furthermore, the sealing assembly includes: a first sealing member, a second sealing member, a stepped protrusion, a stepped groove, a first clamping groove, a second clamping groove, a third sealing member and a corner guard; a first clamping groove for clamping the first end of the sealing assembly is formed on the first sealing member, a second clamping groove for clamping the second end of the sealing assembly is formed on the second sealing member, a stepped protrusion is arranged on the right side of the first sealing member, a stepped groove corresponding to the stepped protrusion is arranged on the left side of the second sealing member, the stepped protrusion is arranged in the stepped groove, the third sealing member is of a U-shaped structure, the third sealing member is clamped on the first sealing member and the second sealing member, and the corner guard is clamped at the corner of the air duct assembly.

[0013] Further, the fixing assembly includes: a first rivet, a first connecting plate, a connecting circular hole, a first fixing plate, a threaded hole, a screw, a second fixing plate, a through hole, a second connecting plate, a square groove, and a second rivet; the first connecting plate is riveted to the top of the cavern by the first rivet, a connecting circular hole is provided on the first connecting plate, the first fixing plate is L-shaped, a first end of the first fixing plate passes through the connecting circular hole and is fixedly connected to the first connecting plate, the second end of the first fixing plate abuts against the lower end of the air duct assembly, a threaded hole is provided at the second end of the first fixing plate, the second fixing plate is L-shaped, a through hole is provided at the second end of the second fixing plate, the first end of the screw is clamped on the second fixing plate, the second end of the screw passes through the through hole and extends into the threaded hole, the second connecting plate is riveted to the cavern by the second rivet, a square groove is provided on the second connecting plate, the first end of the second fixing plate passes through the second square groove and is movably connected to the second connecting plate, the second end of the second fixing plate abuts against the lower end of the air duct assembly, and when the screw is tightened, the horizontal distance between the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate is close, so that the air duct assembly is clamped to the cavern.

[0014] Furthermore, the heating pipe includes: a heating air duct, a plurality of heaters, a protective layer, a first thermal insulation layer, a second thermal insulation layer and a PLC controller; the heating air duct is fixed on the main pipe, and both ends of the heating air duct are sealed and fixed to the main pipe through a sealing assembly, and the plurality of heaters are evenly distributed on the outer surface of the heating air duct, the protective layer is coated on the plurality of heaters, the first thermal insulation layer is coated on the protective layer, and the second thermal insulation layer is coated on the first thermal insulation layer, and wiring ports are reserved on the protective layer, the first thermal insulation layer and the second thermal insulation layer, and the cables are electrically connected to the plurality of heaters through the wiring ports, and the PLC controller is electrically connected to the temperature sensor and the plurality of heaters respectively.

[0015] Furthermore, the ventilation and insulation system of underground subway stations in high-cold areas also includes a filter duct, which includes: a filter duct, a first fairing, a first ventilation duct, a blower, a second ventilation duct, a second fairing, a plurality of filter plates and a plurality of fixing pins; the filter duct is fixed on the branch duct, and both ends of the filter duct are sealed and fixed to the branch duct through a sealing assembly, the left end of the first fairing is in contact with the inner wall of the filter duct, the right end of the first fairing is connected to the first end of the first ventilation duct, the second end of the first ventilation duct is connected to the first end of the blower, and the blower The second end of the fan is connected to the first end of the second ventilation duct, the second end of the second ventilation duct is connected to the left end of the second fairing, the right end of the second fairing is in contact with the inner wall of the filter air duct, the left end of the first fairing is larger than the right end of the first fairing, the left end of the second fairing is smaller than the right end of the second fairing, and a plurality of filter plates are fixed on the inner wall of the filter air duct on the right side of the second fairing, each of the plurality of filter plates is fixed to the filter air duct by one of the plurality of fixing pins, and the plurality of filter plates are staggered on the inner wall of the filter air duct.

[0016] The ventilation and thermal insulation construction method for underground subway stations in high-cold areas comprises the following steps:

[0017] Step 1, processing the air duct assembly, the air duct assembly includes a trunk pipeline, a branch pipeline, and a connecting pipeline;

[0018] Step 1.1, use 1.5mm thick tinplate to process the trunk pipeline, the cross-sectional shape of the trunk pipeline is rectangular, the cross-sectional size of the trunk pipeline is 800mm*1000mm, and the length of the trunk pipeline is 2m;

[0019] Step 1.2, use 1.5mm thick tinplate to process the branch and trunk pipes, the cross-sectional shape of the branch and trunk pipes is rectangular, the cross-sectional size of the branch and trunk pipes is 650mm*400mm, and the length of the branch and trunk pipes is 2m;

[0020] Step 1.3, use 1.5mm thick tinplate to process the connecting pipe, the cross-sectional shapes of both ends of the connecting pipe are rectangular, the cross-sectional size of the first end of the connecting pipe is 800mm*1000mm, which is used to connect to the main pipeline, and the cross-sectional size of the second end of the connecting pipe is 650mm*400mm, which is used to connect to the branch pipeline;

[0021] Step 2, processing a heating pipe to increase the temperature of the cold air entering the air duct assembly;

[0022] Step 2.1, use 1.5mm thick tinplate to process the heating duct, the cross-sectional shape of the heating duct is rectangular, the cross-sectional size of the heating duct is 800mm*1000mm, and the length of the heating duct is 3m;

[0023] Step 2.2, a plurality of heaters are evenly bonded to the outer surface of the heating air duct, and the plurality of heaters are connected in parallel via power lines;

[0024] Step 2.3, a protective layer is coated on the plurality of heaters, the cross-sectional shape of the protective layer is rectangular, the thickness of the protective layer is 2 mm, and a heat dissipation cavity is formed between the protective layer and the heating air duct surrounding the plurality of heaters;

[0025] Step 2.4, a first thermal insulation layer is coated on the outside of the protective layer, the cross-sectional shape of the first thermal insulation layer is rectangular, the thickness of the first thermal insulation layer is 2 cm, and the first thermal insulation layer and the protective layer are fixed by a rectangular clamp;

[0026] Step 2.5, wrapping a second insulation layer outside the first insulation layer, the cross-section of the second insulation layer is rectangular, the thickness of the second insulation layer is 5 cm, and the second insulation layer is fixed to the first insulation layer by a rectangular clamp;

[0027] Step 2.6, reserving connection ports for power lines on the protective layer, the first thermal insulation layer, and the second thermal insulation layer, and the power lines are electrically connected to the plurality of heaters through the connection ports;

[0028] Step 3, processing a filter duct for filtering the air entering the air duct assembly to provide fresh air;

[0029] Step 3.1, using 1.5 mm thick tinplate to process the filter air duct, the cross-sectional shape of the filter air duct is rectangular, the cross-sectional dimensions of the filter air duct include 650 mm*400 mm and 800 mm*1000 mm, and the length of the filter air duct is 3 m;

[0030] Step 3.2, the left end of the first fairing is pressed against the inner wall of the filter air duct, the right end of the first fairing is connected to the first end of the first ventilation duct, the second end of the first ventilation duct is connected to the first end of the blower, the second end of the blower is connected to the first end of the second ventilation duct, and the second end of the second ventilation duct is pressed against the inner wall of the filter air duct;

[0031] Step 3.3, a plurality of filter plates are fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the filter air duct located on the right side of the second fairing, and the plurality of filter plates are fixed to the filter air duct by means of fixing pins, and the plurality of filter plates are staggeredly arranged on the filter air duct;

[0032] Step 4, entering the pilot tunnel construction ventilation stage, during which each pilot tunnel is subjected to pressure ventilation;

[0033] Step 4.1, install a fixed axial flow fan on the cross frame at the shaft opening. The axial flow fan is in compressed air mode. The cross frame is composed of a diameter of It is welded from steel pipe with a wall thickness of 3mm;

[0034] Step 4.2, erecting a trunk pipeline from the vertical shaft to the horizontal passage, the trunk pipeline is composed of a plurality of trunk air ducts connected in sequence, fixing the trunk air duct on the side walls of the vertical shaft and the horizontal passage by using a fixing assembly, sealingly connecting adjacent trunk air ducts by using a sealing assembly, connecting two adjacent trunk air ducts at the bend by using a connecting air duct, connecting the air outlet of the axial flow fan to the trunk pipeline, and sealing the connection position between the air outlet of the axial flow fan and the trunk pipeline by using a sealing tape;

[0035] Step 4.3, set up the heating pipeline, install two sections of heating pipeline on the main pipeline before entering the branch pipeline, use the fixing assembly to fix the heating pipeline on the side wall of the transverse passage, use the sealing assembly to seal the heating pipeline and the adjacent main air duct, install a 220V power connector at the heating pipeline position of the transverse passage, install a temperature sensor on the side wall of the cavern for temperature measurement (not shown in the figure), and the temperature sensor is electrically connected to the heating pipeline;

[0036] Step 4.4, erect branch and trunk pipelines. Erection of branch and trunk pipelines in each pilot tunnel in the transverse passage. Install a filter pipeline 3m before the air outlet of each branch and trunk pipeline. Each branch and trunk pipeline is connected to the main pipeline through a connecting pipeline. When heating and ventilation are required, several heaters are controlled by a PLC controller to generate heat. Fresh air is heated by the heating pipeline and then sent to the face of each pilot tunnel. The dirty air is discharged through the transverse passage and the shaft by the fresh air flow pressed in.

[0037] Step 5, entering the station hall construction ventilation stage, during which forced ventilation is performed on the station hall;

[0038] Step 5.1, dismantle multiple branch pipelines during the pilot tunnel construction phase, and dismantle the main pipeline to a position that is horizontally aligned with the pipe column in the station hall layer;

[0039] Step 5.2: Install a branch pipeline along each of the two rows of pipe columns in the station hall layer. The branch pipeline is connected to the main pipeline through a connecting pipeline. The branch pipeline is composed of a number of branch air ducts connected in sequence. The branch air duct is fixed to the pipe column by a fixing component, and the adjacent branch air ducts are sealed by a sealing component.

[0040] Step 5.3, install a plurality of sub-axial flow fans on the branch pipeline, the interval between any two adjacent sub-axial flow fans among the plurality of sub-axial flow fans is 15m, the distance between the installation position of the sub-axial flow fan at the air inlet end of the branch pipeline and the main pipeline is 8-10m, and each sub-axial flow fan is in compressed air mode;

[0041] Step 5.4, install a filter pipe on the branch pipe 3m in front of the sub-axial flow fan close to the main pipe. Fresh air is heated by the heating pipe and filtered by the filter pipe in turn, and then sent to the station hall through several sub-axial flow fans on the branch pipe and the air outlet of the branch pipe. The dirty air enters the vertical shaft from the station hall through the horizontal passage and is then discharged through the vertical shaft;

[0042] Step 6, entering the platform layer construction ventilation stage, during which the platform layer is subjected to pressure ventilation, while the station hall layer is changed to exhaust ventilation;

[0043] Step 6.1: After the station hall construction is completed, the connecting pipes between the branch pipelines and the main pipelines in the station hall are removed to separate the branch pipelines from the main pipelines;

[0044] Step 6.2, extend the trunk pipeline in the station hall layer to the platform layer, fix the trunk pipeline to the side wall of the platform layer with a fixing component, connect the bending part with a connecting duct, and extend the trunk pipeline to a position that is horizontally aligned with the pipe column in the platform layer;

[0045] Step 6.3, install a branch pipeline along the longitudinal direction of two rows of pipe columns at the platform level, and connect the branch pipeline to the main pipeline through a connecting pipeline;

[0046] Step 6.4, install a plurality of sub-axial flow fans on the branch pipeline, the interval between any two adjacent sub-axial flow fans among the plurality of sub-axial flow fans is 15m, the distance between the installation position of the sub-axial flow fan at the air inlet end of the branch pipeline and the main pipeline is 8-10m, and each sub-axial flow fan is in compressed air mode;

[0047] Step 6.5, add one axial flow fan at each shaft opening, the installation location of the axial flow fan should be no less than 15m away from the original installation location of the axial flow fan, and set the axial flow fan to exhaust mode;

[0048] Step 6.6, install the main duct for smoke exhaust to the station hall layer, seal the main duct and the branch duct in the station hall layer with connecting ducts and sealing components, redirect several sub-axial flow fans on the branch duct, and adjust them from compressed air mode to exhaust mode. Fresh air is delivered to the platform layer by the sub-axial flow fans, and the dirty air in the platform layer enters the station hall layer from the vertical shaft. The dirty air in the station hall layer is exhausted to the outside of the cavern through the branch duct for smoke exhaust in the station hall layer and the sub-axial flow fans on the branch duct, the main duct and the axial flow fans connected to the main duct. Another secondary path is non-mechanical exhaust. The dirty air enters the vertical shaft from the platform layer and the station hall layer through the horizontal passages at both ends, and is then discharged to the outside of the cavern through the vertical shaft.

[0049] Step 7, enter the station entrance and exit construction ventilation stage. When the platform layer is under construction, the station entrance and exit construction is carried out at the same time. Entrance and exit branch pipes are erected from the station hall layer to the cavern of the station entrance and exit. Axial flow fans are installed on the entrance and exit branch pipes to pressurize and supply air into the cavern of the station entrance and exit, so that the polluted air is discharged along the cavern of the station entrance and exit to the station hall layer.

[0050] Compared with the prior art, the ventilation and thermal insulation system for underground subway stations in high-cold areas of the present invention has the following remarkable advantages:

[0051] 1. By setting a heating pipe on the air duct assembly, when the temperature in the station is lower than the construction temperature in winter, the cold air entering the air duct assembly can be automatically heated at the heating pipe through the automatic control function of the temperature sensor, thereby ensuring the stability of the construction temperature of each construction face in the station and improving the construction effect.

[0052] 2. By designing the sealing component in a concave-convex fitting sealing form, during the rapid flow of air inside the air duct assembly, due to the tortuous and lengthened overflow channels, the sealing performance of the sealing component is greatly improved. Meanwhile, by setting corner guards and a third sealing component in a U-shaped structure at the corners of the air duct assembly, the sealing performance of the sealing component is further enhanced, thereby improving the ventilation efficiency.

[0053] 3. By mainly using forced ventilation during the construction of the platform layer and exhaust ventilation during the construction of the concourse layer, a hybrid ventilation is formed throughout the station, which can make the air quality inside the station reach a good state.

[0054] 4. Through the setting of the fixing component, according to the sizes of different air duct components, the fixing component can be adjusted at any time, with strong adaptability, ensuring the fixing effect of the fixing component. Furthermore, the stability of the air duct component is improved, it is not easy to become loose, and the service life is increased.

[0055] 5. Through the setting of the filtering component, the air entering the station is further filtered. In addition, when the dirty air inside the station is reversely poured into the air duct component, the filtering component filters the dirty air, ensuring the cleanliness of the ventilation and heat preservation system of the mined subway station in alpine regions and the health of the construction workers inside the station.

[0056] 6. By setting a number of sub-axial flow ventilators on the branch pipes, the air exchange efficiency between the air duct component and the concourse layer and the platform layer is improved. At the same time, it is also convenient to switch between the forced air mode and the exhaust air mode, greatly improving the flexibility and functionality of the ventilation and heat preservation system of the mined subway station in alpine regions.

[0057] 7. The present invention uses a PTC heating pipeline, a temperature sensor automatic control heating system, an air filtration and purification device, and a complex ventilation and smoke exhaust system in the group of caverns, effectively solving the problems of poor construction environment conditions in the mined station, low temperature during winter construction, and poor air quality, ensuring the construction quality of the mined station project and the health of the construction workers, improving the construction efficiency, and shortening the construction period. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0058] Figure 1 It is the plan view of the pilot tunnel construction ventilation stage of the ventilation and heat preservation method for the mined subway station in alpine regions of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 2 It is the plan view of the concourse layer construction ventilation stage of the ventilation and heat preservation method for the mined subway station in alpine regions of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 3 It is the plan layout of the exhaust ventilation of the concourse layer during the platform layer construction ventilation stage of the ventilation and heat preservation method for the mined subway station in alpine regions of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 4 It is a plan view of the platform layer push-in ventilation during the platform layer construction ventilation stage of the ventilation and heat preservation method for underground subway stations in high-cold areas described in the present invention;

[0062] Figure 5 This is a flow chart of the ventilation and heat preservation method for underground subway stations in high-cold areas according to the present invention;

[0063] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of the sealing assembly of the ventilation and thermal insulation system of a dark-excavated subway station in a high-cold region according to the present invention;

[0064] Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of the corner protector of the sealing assembly of the ventilation and thermal insulation system of the underground subway station in the high-cold region according to the present invention;

[0065] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the filter pipe of the ventilation and insulation system of the underground subway station in the high-cold area according to the present invention;

[0066] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixed components of the ventilation and thermal insulation system of the underground subway station in the high-cold region according to the present invention;

[0067] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heating pipes of the ventilation and insulation system of the underground subway station in the high-cold area according to the present invention.

[0068] Description of reference numerals:

[0069] 1- duct assembly, 11- main pipeline, 12- branch pipeline, 13- connecting pipeline; 2- heating pipeline, 21- heating duct, 22- heater, 23- protective layer, 24- first insulation layer, 25- second insulation layer, 26- heat dissipation cavity; 3- fixing assembly, 31- first rivet, 32- first connecting plate, 33- second rivet, 34- first fixing plate, 35- threaded hole, 36- screw, 37- second fixing plate, 38- through hole, 39- second connecting plate, 310- square groove; 4- sealing assembly, 41- first sealing member, 42- second sealing member, 43- step Stair protrusion, 44-step groove, 45-first slot, 46-second slot, 47-third seal, 48-corner guard, 49-third slot; 5-filter duct, 51-filter air duct, 52-first fairing, 53-first ventilation duct, 54-blower, 55-second ventilation duct, 56-second fairing, 57-filter plate, 58-fixing pin; 6-axial flow fan; 7-vertical shaft; 8-horizontal passage; 9-guide hole; 10-pipe column; 14-station hall layer; 15-platform layer; 16-sub-axial flow fan; 17-station entrance and exit; 18-entrance and exit branch pipelines. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0070] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0071] like Figures 1 to 9 As shown, the ventilation and insulation system of underground subway stations in high-cold areas includes an air duct assembly 1, a heating pipe 2, a temperature sensor (not shown in the figure), a fixing assembly 3, a sealing assembly 4 and an axial flow fan 6; the air duct assembly 1 includes a trunk pipe 11, a branch pipe 12 and a connecting pipe 13, the trunk pipe 11 and the branch pipe 12 are connected through the connecting pipe 13, the trunk pipe 11, the branch pipe 12, and the connecting pipe 13 are sealed by the sealing assembly 4, and the trunk pipe 11, the branch pipe 12, and the connecting pipe 13 are all installed with the cavern through the fixing assembly 3 The axial flow fan 6 is fixed and connected with the air inlet end of the main pipeline 11. The heating pipeline 2 is arranged on the main pipeline 11. The temperature sensor is arranged on the side wall of the cavern. The temperature sensor is electrically connected with the heating pipeline 2. When the temperature in the cavern is lower than the set value, the heating pipeline 2 is automatically started to heat the cold air. The hot air heated by the heating pipeline 2 is successively sent to the cavern through the main pipeline 11, the connecting pipeline 13 and the branch pipeline 12. It should be noted that the cavern includes a vertical shaft 7, a horizontal passage 8, a guide tunnel 9, a station hall layer 14, a platform layer 15, and a station entrance and exit 17.

[0072] Furthermore, the model of the axial flow fan 6 is SDF-9, the power of the axial flow fan 6 is 2x75kw, and the axial flow fan 6 is a low-noise environmentally friendly fan with a muffler.

[0073] Furthermore, if Figures 1 to 9 As shown, the main pipeline 11 is composed of a number of main air ducts (not shown in the figure), any two adjacent main air ducts among the number of main air ducts are connected and fixed by a sealing component 4, each of the number of main air ducts is installed and fixed to the cavern by a fixing component 3, and the heating pipeline 2 is arranged in the number of main air ducts; the branch pipeline 12 is composed of a number of branch air ducts (not shown in the figure), any two adjacent branch air ducts among the number of branch air ducts are connected and fixed by a sealing component 4, and each of the number of branch air ducts is installed and fixed to the cavern by a fixing component 3.

[0074] Furthermore, the connecting pipe 13 is L-shaped, the middle part of the connecting pipe 13 is in an arc-shaped transition, and both ends of the connecting pipe 13 are sealed and fixed to the main air duct and the branch air duct through the sealing components 4 respectively.

[0075] Furthermore, if Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown in the figure, the sealing assembly 4 includes: a first seal 41, a second seal 42, a stepped protrusion 43, a stepped groove 44, a first card slot 45, a second card slot 46, a third seal 47, and a corner guard 48; a first card slot 45 for clamping the first end of the sealing assembly 4 is provided on the first seal 41, a second card slot 46 for clamping the second end of the sealing assembly 4 is provided on the second seal 42, a stepped protrusion 43 is provided on the right side of the first seal 41, a stepped groove 44 corresponding to the stepped protrusion 43 is provided on the left side of the second seal 42, the stepped protrusion 43 is arranged in the stepped groove 44, the third seal 47 is of a U-shaped structure, the third seal 47 is clamped on the first seal 41 and the second seal 42, the corner guard 48 is clamped at the corner of the air duct assembly 1, wherein, a third card slot 49 for accommodating the corner of the air duct assembly 1 is provided inside the corner guard 48, wherein, the materials of the first seal 41, the second seal 42, the third seal 47, and the corner guard 48 are all rubber.

[0076] Further, as Fig. 9 shown in the figure, the fixing assembly 3 includes: a first rivet 31, a first connecting plate 32, a connecting round hole, a first fixing plate 34, a threaded hole 35, a screw 36, a second fixing plate 37, a through hole 38, a second connecting plate 39, a square groove 310, and a second rivet 33; the first connecting plate 32 is riveted to the top of the chamber through the first rivet 31, a connecting round hole is provided on the first connecting plate 32, the first fixing plate 34 is L-shaped, the first end of the first fixing plate 34 passes through the connecting round hole and is fixedly connected to the first connecting plate 32, the second end of the first fixing plate 34 abuts against the lower end of the air duct assembly 1, a threaded hole 35 is provided at the second end of the first fixing plate 34, the second fixing plate 37 is L-shaped, a through hole 38 is provided at the second end of the second fixing plate 37, the first end of the screw 36 is clamped on the second fixing plate 37, the second end of the screw 36 passes through the through hole 38 and extends into the threaded hole 35, the second connecting plate 39 is riveted to the chamber through the second rivet 33, a square groove 310 is provided on the second connecting plate 39, the first end of the second fixing plate 37 passes through the second square groove 310 and is movably connected to the second connecting plate 39, the second end of the second fixing plate 37 abuts against the lower end of the air duct assembly 1, when the screw 36 is tightened, the horizontal distance between the first fixing plate 34 and the second fixing plate 37 is reduced, so that the air duct assembly 1 is clamped to the chamber.

[0077] Further, as Fig.10As shown, the heating pipe 2 includes: a heating air duct 21, a plurality of heaters 22, a protective layer 23, a first thermal insulation layer 24, a second thermal insulation layer 25 and a PLC controller (not shown in the figure); the heating air duct 21 is fixed on the main pipeline 11, and both ends of the heating air duct 21 are sealed and fixed to the main pipeline 11 through a sealing component 4, and a plurality of heaters 22 are evenly distributed on the outer surface of the heating air duct 21, and the protective layer 23 is coated on the plurality of heaters 22, and a heat dissipation cavity 26 is formed between the protective layer 23 and the heating air duct 21 around the plurality of heaters 22, and the first thermal insulation layer 24 is coated on the protective layer 23, and the second thermal insulation layer 25 is coated on the protective layer 23. The second insulation layer 25 is coated on the first insulation layer 24, and wiring ports are reserved on the protective layer 23, the first insulation layer 24, and the second insulation layer 25. The cables are electrically connected to the plurality of heaters 22 through the wiring ports, and the PLC controller is electrically connected to the temperature sensor and the plurality of heaters, respectively. The PLC controller is electrically connected to the temperature sensor and the plurality of heaters 22, respectively. Specifically, the PLC controller is connected in parallel with the plurality of heaters 22, wherein the heater 22 is a PTC heater, the material of the first insulation layer 24 is asbestos board, the material of the second insulation layer 25 is rock wool, and the material of the protective layer 23 is iron sheet.

[0078] Furthermore, if Figure 8 As shown, the ventilation and insulation system for underground subway stations in high-cold areas also includes a filter pipe 5, which includes: a filter air duct 51, a first fairing 52, a first ventilation pipe 53, a blower 54, a second ventilation pipe 55, a second fairing 56, a plurality of filter plates 57 and a plurality of fixing pins 58; the filter air duct 51 is fixed on the branch pipe 12, and both ends of the filter air duct 51 are sealed and fixed to the branch pipe 12 through a sealing component 4, the left end of the first fairing 52 is in contact with the inner wall of the filter air duct 51, the right end of the first fairing 52 is connected to the first end of the first ventilation pipe 53, the second end of the first ventilation pipe 53 is connected to the first end of the blower 54, and the second end of the blower 54 is connected to the first end of the second ventilation pipe 55 The second end of the second ventilation duct 55 is connected to the left end of the second fairing 56, and the right end of the second fairing 56 is in contact with the inner wall of the filter air duct 51. The left end of the first fairing 52 is larger than the right end of the first fairing 52, and the left end of the second fairing 56 is smaller than the right end of the second fairing 56. A plurality of filter plates 57 are fixedly provided on the inner wall of the filter air duct 51 on the right side of the second fairing 56. Each of the plurality of filter plates 57 is fixed to the filter air duct 51 by one of the plurality of fixing pins 58, and the plurality of filter plates 57 are staggered on the inner wall of the filter air duct 51, wherein the filter plate 57 is a filter cloth layer carrying activated carbon powder, and wherein the model of the blower 54 is ZG-65.

[0079] It should be noted that in Figures 1 to 4 middle, Indicates that dirty air is discharged. Indicates fresh air is being supplied.

[0080] like Figure 5 As shown, the ventilation and insulation construction method for underground subway stations in high-cold areas includes the following steps:

[0081] Step 1, processing the air duct assembly 1, the air duct assembly 1 includes a trunk pipeline 11, a branch pipeline 12, and a connecting pipeline 13;

[0082] Step 1.1, using 1.5 mm thick tinplate to process the trunk pipeline 11, the cross-sectional shape of the trunk pipeline 11 is rectangular, the cross-sectional size of the trunk pipeline 11 is 800 mm*1000 mm, and the length of the trunk pipeline 11 is 2 m;

[0083] Step 1.2, using 1.5 mm thick tinplate to process the branch and trunk pipes 12, the cross-sectional shape of the branch and trunk pipes 12 is rectangular, the cross-sectional size of the branch and trunk pipes 12 is 650 mm*400 mm, and the length of the branch and trunk pipes 12 is 2 m;

[0084] Step 1.3, use 1.5mm thick tinplate to process the connecting pipe 13, the cross-sectional shapes of both ends of the connecting pipe 13 are rectangular, the cross-sectional size of the first end of the connecting pipe 13 is 800mm*1000mm, which is used to connect to the main pipeline 11, and the cross-sectional size of the second end of the connecting pipe 13 is 650mm*400mm, which is used to connect to the branch pipeline 12;

[0085] Step 2, processing the heating pipe 2 to increase the temperature of the cold air entering the air duct assembly 1;

[0086] Step 2.1, using 1.5 mm thick tinplate to process the heating duct 21, the cross-sectional shape of the heating duct 21 is rectangular, the cross-sectional size of the heating duct 21 is 800 mm*1000 mm, and the length of the heating duct 21 is 3 m;

[0087] Step 2.2, a plurality of heaters 22 are evenly bonded to the outer surface of the heating air duct 21, and the plurality of heaters 22 are connected in parallel via power lines;

[0088] Step 2.3, a protective layer 23 is coated on the plurality of heaters 22, the cross-sectional shape of the protective layer 23 is rectangular, the thickness of the protective layer 23 is 2 mm, and a heat dissipation cavity 26 is formed between the protective layer 23 and the heating air duct 21 around the plurality of heaters 22;

[0089] Step 2.4, a first insulation layer 24 is coated on the outside of the protective layer 23, the cross-sectional shape of the first insulation layer 24 is rectangular, the thickness of the first insulation layer 24 is 2 cm, and the first insulation layer 24 and the protective layer 23 are fixed by a rectangular clamp (not shown in the figure);

[0090] Step 2.5, a second insulation layer 25 is coated on the outside of the first insulation layer 24, the cross-sectional shape of the second insulation layer 25 is rectangular, the thickness of the second insulation layer 25 is 5 cm, and the second insulation layer 25 is fixed to the first insulation layer 24 by a rectangular clamp (not shown in the figure);

[0091] Step 2.6, a connection port (not shown in the figure) for a power line is reserved on the protective layer 23, the first insulation layer 24, and the second insulation layer 25, and the power line is electrically connected to the plurality of heaters 22 through the connection port;

[0092] Step 3, processing the filter pipe 5, which is used to filter the air entering the air duct assembly 1 to provide fresh air;

[0093] Step 3.1, using 1.5 mm thick tinplate to process the filter air duct 51, the cross-sectional shape of the filter air duct 51 is rectangular, the cross-sectional dimensions of the filter air duct 51 include 650 mm*400 mm and 800 mm*1000 mm, and the length of the filter air duct 51 is 3 m;

[0094] Step 3.2, the left end of the first fairing 52 is pressed against the inner wall of the filter air duct 51, the right end of the first fairing 52 is connected to the first end of the first ventilation duct 53, the second end of the first ventilation duct 53 is connected to the first end of the blower 54, the second end of the blower 54 is connected to the first end of the second ventilation duct 55, and the second end of the second ventilation duct 55 is pressed against the inner wall of the filter air duct 51;

[0095] Step 3.3, a plurality of filter plates 57 are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the filter air duct 51 located on the right side of the second fairing 56, and the plurality of filter plates 57 are fixed to the filter air duct 51 by means of fixing pins 58, and the plurality of filter plates 57 are staggeredly arranged on the filter air duct 51;

[0096] Step 4, entering the pilot tunnel 9 construction ventilation stage, during which each pilot tunnel 9 is subjected to pressure ventilation;

[0097] Step 4.1, install and fix the axial flow fan 6 on the cross frame of the shaft 7, the axial flow fan 6 is in the compressed air mode, and the cross frame is composed of a diameter It is welded from steel pipe with a wall thickness of 3mm;

[0098] Step 4.2, erecting a trunk pipeline 11 from the vertical shaft 7 to the horizontal passage 8, the trunk pipeline 11 is composed of a plurality of trunk air ducts connected in sequence, fixing the trunk air duct on the side walls of the vertical shaft 7 and the horizontal passage 8 by using a fixing component 3, sealing and connecting adjacent trunk air ducts by using a sealing component 4, connecting two adjacent trunk air ducts at the bend by using a connecting air duct, connecting the air outlet of the axial flow fan 6 to the trunk pipeline 11, and sealing the connection position between the air outlet of the axial flow fan 6 and the trunk pipeline 11 by using a sealing tape;

[0099] Step 4.3, set up the heating pipe 2, install two sections of the heating pipe 2 on the main pipe 11 before entering the branch pipe 12, use the fixing assembly 3 to fix the heating pipe 2 on the side wall of the transverse passage 8, use the sealing assembly 4 to seal the heating pipe 2 and the adjacent main air duct, install a 220V power connector at the position of the heating pipe 2 in the transverse passage 8, install a temperature sensor on the side wall of the cavern for temperature measurement (not shown in the figure), and the temperature sensor is electrically connected to the heating pipe 2;

[0100] Step 4.4, erecting branch pipelines 12, erecting branch pipelines 12 in each guide tunnel 9 in the transverse passage 8, installing a filter pipeline 5 3m before the air outlet of each branch pipeline 12, each branch pipeline 12 is connected to the main pipeline 11 through a connecting pipeline 13, when heating and ventilation are required, a plurality of heaters 22 are controlled by a PLC controller to generate heat, and fresh air is heated by the heating pipeline 2 and then sent to the face of each guide tunnel 9, and the fresh air flow pressed into by the dirty air is discharged through the transverse passage 8 and the vertical shaft 7;

[0101] Step 5, entering the construction ventilation stage of the station hall layer 14, and performing forced ventilation on the station hall layer 14 during the construction stage of the station hall layer 14;

[0102] Step 5.1, dismantle multiple branch pipelines 12 in the pilot tunnel 9 construction stage, and dismantle the main pipeline 11 to a position that is horizontally aligned with the pipe column 10 in the station hall layer 14;

[0103] Step 5.2, a branch pipeline 12 is installed longitudinally along each of the two rows of pipe columns 10 in the station hall layer 14, the branch pipeline 12 is connected to the main pipeline 11 through a connecting pipeline 13, the branch pipeline 12 is composed of a plurality of branch air ducts connected in sequence, the branch air duct is fixed to the pipe column 10 by a fixing component 3, and the adjacent branch air ducts are sealed by a sealing component 4;

[0104] Step 5.3, a plurality of sub-axial flow fans 16 are installed on the branch pipeline 12, the interval between any two adjacent sub-axial flow fans 16 among the plurality of sub-axial flow fans 16 is 15m, the distance between the installation position of the sub-axial flow fan 16 at the air inlet end of the branch pipeline 12 and the main pipeline 11 is 8-10m, and each sub-axial flow fan 16 is in compressed air mode;

[0105] Step 5.4, install a filter pipe 5 on the branch pipe 12 3m before the sub-axial flow fan 16 near the main pipe 11. The fresh air is heated by the heating pipe 2 and filtered by the filter pipe 5 in turn, and then sent to the station hall layer 14 through several sub-axial flow fans 16 on the branch pipe 12 and the air outlet of the branch pipe 12. The dirty air enters the vertical shaft 7 from the station hall layer 14 through the horizontal passage 8 and is then discharged through the vertical shaft 7. Among them, the model of the sub-axial flow fan 16 is N o 4#, the power of the sub-axial flow fan 16 is 1.1kw;

[0106] Step 6, entering the construction ventilation stage of the platform layer 15, during which the platform layer 15 is subjected to forced ventilation, and the station hall layer 14 is changed to exhaust ventilation;

[0107] Step 6.1, after the construction of the station hall layer 14 is completed, the connecting pipe 13 between the branch pipeline 12 and the main pipeline 11 in the station hall layer 14 is removed to separate the branch pipeline 12 from the main pipeline 11;

[0108] Step 6.2, extend the trunk pipeline 11 in the station hall layer 14 to the platform layer 15, use the fixing assembly 3 to fix the trunk pipeline 11 to the side wall of the platform layer 15, use the connecting air duct to connect the bend, and extend the trunk pipeline 11 to a position that is aligned with the pipe column 10 in the platform layer 15 in the horizontal direction;

[0109] Step 6.3, installing a branch pipeline 12 along the two rows of pipe columns 10 in the platform layer 15, and connecting the branch pipeline 12 to the main pipeline 11 through the connecting pipeline 13;

[0110] Step 6.4, install a plurality of sub-axial flow fans 16 on the branch pipeline 12, the interval between any two adjacent sub-axial flow fans 16 among the plurality of sub-axial flow fans 16 is 15m, the distance between the installation position of the sub-axial flow fan 16 at the air inlet end of the branch pipeline 12 and the main pipeline 11 is 8-10m, and each sub-axial flow fan 16 is in compressed air mode;

[0111] Step 6.5, add one axial flow fan 6 to each of the seven shaft openings, the installation position of the axial flow fan 6 being no less than 15m away from the installation position of the original axial flow fan 6, and the axial flow fan 6 being set to exhaust mode;

[0112] Step 6.6, install the main pipe 11 for smoke exhaust to the station hall layer 14, seal the main pipe 11 with the branch pipe 12 in the station hall layer 14 by using the connecting pipe 13 and the sealing assembly 4, redirect the several sub-axial flow fans 16 on the branch pipe 12, and adjust the compressed air mode to the exhaust mode, and send fresh air to the platform layer 15 by the sub-axial flow fans 16, and the dirty air in the platform layer 15 enters the station hall layer 14 through the shaft 7, and the dirty air in the station hall layer 14 is exhausted to the outside of the cavern through the branch pipe 12 for smoke exhaust in the station hall layer 14 and the sub-axial flow fans 16 on the branch pipe 12, the main pipe 11 and the axial flow fans 6 connected to the main pipe 11, and another secondary path is non-mechanical exhaust, and the dirty air enters the shaft 7 from the platform layer 15 and the station hall layer 14 through the horizontal passages 8 at both ends, and then is discharged to the outside of the cavern through the shaft 7;

[0113] Step 7, enter the construction and ventilation stage of the station entrance and exit 17. When the platform layer 15 is under construction, the station entrance and exit 17 is also under construction. An entrance and exit branch pipe 18 is laid from the station hall layer 14 to the cavern of the station entrance and exit 17. An axial flow fan 6 is installed on the entrance and exit branch pipe 18 to pressurize and supply air into the cavern of the station entrance and exit 17 so that the polluted air is discharged along the cavern of the station entrance and exit 17 to the station hall layer 14.

[0114] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various changes and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ventilation and thermal insulation system for underground subway stations in high-cold areas, characterized in that: include: Duct assemblies, heating ducts, temperature sensors, fixing assemblies, sealing assemblies and axial flow fans; The air duct assembly includes a main pipeline, a branch pipeline and a connecting pipeline, the main pipeline and the branch pipeline are connected through the connecting pipeline, the main pipeline, the branch pipeline and the connecting pipeline are sealed by the sealing assembly, the main pipeline, the branch pipeline and the connecting pipeline are all installed and fixed to the cavern through the fixing assembly, the axial flow fan is connected to the air inlet end of the main pipeline, the heating pipeline is arranged on the main pipeline, the temperature sensor is arranged on the side wall of the cavern, the temperature sensor is electrically connected to the heating pipeline, when the temperature in the cavern is lower than the set value, the heating pipeline is automatically started to heat the cold air, and the hot air heated by the heating pipeline is sent to the cavern through the main pipeline, the connecting pipeline and the branch pipeline in turn, the heating pipeline It includes: a heating air duct, a plurality of heaters, a protective layer, a first insulation layer, a second insulation layer and a PLC controller; the heating air duct is fixed on the main pipeline, and the two ends of the heating air duct are sealed and fixed to the main pipeline through the sealing assembly, and the plurality of heaters are evenly distributed on the outer surface of the heating air duct, the protective layer is coated on the plurality of heaters, the first insulation layer is coated on the protective layer, and the second insulation layer is coated on the first insulation layer, and wiring ports are reserved on the protective layer, the first insulation layer and the second insulation layer, and the cables are electrically connected to the plurality of heaters through the wiring ports, and the PLC controller is electrically connected to the temperature sensor and the plurality of heaters respectively. The construction method of the ventilation and insulation system for underground subway stations in high-cold areas is as follows: Step 1: Process the air duct assembly, which includes the main pipeline, branch pipeline, and connecting pipeline: Step 1.1, use 1.5mm thick tinplate to process the trunk pipeline, the cross-sectional shape of the trunk pipeline is rectangular, the cross-sectional size of the trunk pipeline is 800mm*1000mm, and the length of the trunk pipeline is 2m; Step 1.2, use 1.5mm thick tinplate to process the branch and trunk pipes, the cross-sectional shape of the branch and trunk pipes is rectangular, the cross-sectional size of the branch and trunk pipes is 650mm*400mm, and the length of the branch and trunk pipes is 2m; Step 1.3, use 1.5mm thick tinplate to process the connecting pipe, the cross-sectional shapes of both ends of the connecting pipe are rectangular, the cross-sectional size of the first end of the connecting pipe is 800mm*1000mm, which is used to connect to the main pipeline, and the cross-sectional size of the second end of the connecting pipe is 650mm*400mm, which is used to connect to the branch pipeline; Step 2: Process the heating pipe to increase the temperature of the cold air entering the duct assembly: Step 2.1, use 1.5mm thick tinplate to process the heating duct, the cross-sectional shape of the heating duct is rectangular, the cross-sectional size of the heating duct is 800mm*1000mm, and the length of the heating duct is 3m; Step 2.2, a plurality of heaters are evenly bonded to the outer surface of the heating air duct, and the plurality of heaters are connected in parallel via power lines; Step 2.3, a protective layer is coated on the plurality of heaters, the cross-sectional shape of the protective layer is rectangular, the thickness of the protective layer is 2 mm, and a heat dissipation cavity is formed between the protective layer and the heating air duct surrounding the plurality of heaters; Step 2.4, a first thermal insulation layer is coated on the outside of the protective layer, the cross-sectional shape of the first thermal insulation layer is rectangular, the thickness of the first thermal insulation layer is 2 cm, and the first thermal insulation layer and the protective layer are fixed by a rectangular clamp; Step 2.5, wrapping a second insulation layer outside the first insulation layer, the cross-section of the second insulation layer is rectangular, the thickness of the second insulation layer is 5 cm, and the second insulation layer is fixed to the first insulation layer by a rectangular clamp; Step 2.6, reserving connection ports for power lines on the protective layer, the first thermal insulation layer, and the second thermal insulation layer, and the power lines are electrically connected to the plurality of heaters through the connection ports; Step 3: Process the filter duct to filter the air entering the air duct assembly to provide fresh air: Step 3.1, using 1.5 mm thick tinplate to process the filter air duct, the cross-sectional shape of the filter air duct is rectangular, the cross-sectional dimensions of the filter air duct include 650 mm*400 mm and 800 mm*1000 mm, and the length of the filter air duct is 3 m; Step 3.2, the left end of the first fairing is pressed against the inner wall of the filter air duct, the right end of the first fairing is connected to the first end of the first ventilation duct, the second end of the first ventilation duct is connected to the first end of the blower, the second end of the blower is connected to the first end of the second ventilation duct, and the second end of the second ventilation duct is pressed against the inner wall of the filter air duct; Step 3.3, a plurality of filter plates are fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the filter air duct located on the right side of the second fairing, and the plurality of filter plates are fixed to the filter air duct by means of fixing pins, and the plurality of filter plates are staggeredly arranged on the filter air duct; Step 4, enter the pilot tunnel construction ventilation stage, during which each pilot tunnel is subjected to pressure ventilation: Step 4.1, install a fixed axial flow fan on the cross frame at the shaft opening, the axial flow fan is in compressed air mode, and the cross frame is welded by a steel pipe with a diameter of φ100 and a wall thickness of 3mm; Step 4.2, erecting a trunk pipeline from the vertical shaft to the horizontal passage, the trunk pipeline is composed of a plurality of trunk air ducts connected in sequence, fixing the trunk air duct on the side walls of the vertical shaft and the horizontal passage by using a fixing assembly, sealingly connecting adjacent trunk air ducts by using a sealing assembly, connecting two adjacent trunk air ducts at the bend by using a connecting air duct, connecting the air outlet of the axial flow fan to the trunk pipeline, and sealing the connection position between the air outlet of the axial flow fan and the trunk pipeline by using a sealing tape; Step 4.3, set up the heating pipeline, install two sections of heating pipeline on the main pipeline before entering the branch pipeline, use the fixing assembly to fix the heating pipeline on the side wall of the transverse passage, use the sealing assembly to seal the heating pipeline and the adjacent main air duct, install a 220V power connector at the heating pipeline position of the transverse passage, install a temperature sensor on the side wall of the cavern for temperature measurement, and the temperature sensor is electrically connected to the heating pipeline; Step 4.4, erect branch and trunk pipelines. Erection of branch and trunk pipelines in each pilot tunnel in the transverse passage. Install a filter pipeline 3m before the air outlet of each branch and trunk pipeline. Each branch and trunk pipeline is connected to the main pipeline through a connecting pipeline. When heating and ventilation are required, several heaters are controlled by a PLC controller to generate heat. Fresh air is heated by the heating pipeline and then sent to the face of each pilot tunnel. The dirty air is discharged through the transverse passage and the shaft by the fresh air flow pressed in. Step 5, enter the station hall construction ventilation stage, during the station hall construction stage, perform forced ventilation on the station hall: Step 5.1, dismantle multiple branch pipelines during the pilot tunnel construction phase, and dismantle the main pipeline to a position that is horizontally aligned with the pipe column in the station hall layer; Step 5.2: Install a branch pipeline along each of the two rows of pipe columns in the station hall layer. The branch pipeline is connected to the main pipeline through a connecting pipeline. The branch pipeline is composed of a number of branch air ducts connected in sequence. The branch air duct is fixed to the pipe column by a fixing component, and the adjacent branch air ducts are sealed by a sealing component. Step 5.3, install a plurality of sub-axial flow fans on the branch pipeline, the interval between any two adjacent sub-axial flow fans among the plurality of sub-axial flow fans is 15m, the distance between the installation position of the sub-axial flow fan at the air inlet end of the branch pipeline and the main pipeline is 8-10m, and each sub-axial flow fan is in compressed air mode; Step 5.4, install a filter pipe on the branch pipe 3m in front of the sub-axial flow fan close to the main pipe. Fresh air is heated by the heating pipe and filtered by the filter pipe in turn, and then sent to the station hall through several sub-axial flow fans on the branch pipe and the air outlet of the branch pipe. The dirty air enters the vertical shaft from the station hall through the horizontal passage and is then discharged through the vertical shaft; Step 6, enter the platform construction ventilation stage, during which the platform layer is subjected to forced ventilation, while the station hall layer is changed to exhaust ventilation: Step 6.1: After the station hall construction is completed, the connecting pipes between the branch pipelines and the main pipelines in the station hall are removed to separate the branch pipelines from the main pipelines; Step 6.2, extend the trunk pipeline in the station hall layer to the platform layer, fix the trunk pipeline to the side wall of the platform layer with a fixing component, connect the bending part with a connecting duct, and extend the trunk pipeline to a position that is horizontally aligned with the pipe column in the platform layer; Step 6.3, install a branch pipeline along the longitudinal direction of two rows of pipe columns at the platform level, and connect the branch pipeline to the main pipeline through a connecting pipeline; Step 6.4, install a plurality of sub-axial flow fans on the branch pipeline, the interval between any two adjacent sub-axial flow fans among the plurality of sub-axial flow fans is 15m, the distance between the installation position of the sub-axial flow fan at the air inlet end of the branch pipeline and the main pipeline is 8-10m, and each sub-axial flow fan is in compressed air mode; Step 6.5, add one axial flow fan at each shaft opening, the installation location of the axial flow fan should be no less than 15m away from the original installation location of the axial flow fan, and set the axial flow fan to exhaust mode; Step 6.6, install the main pipeline for smoke exhaust to the concourse level, seal and connect the main pipeline with the branch pipelines in the concourse level using connecting pipelines and sealing components, redirect several sub-axial flow ventilators on the branch pipelines, adjust from the air compression mode to the air extraction mode, send fresh air to the platform level by the sub-axial flow ventilators, the polluted air in the platform level mainly enters the concourse level through the shaft, and the polluted air in the concourse level is exhausted to the outside of the tunnel through the branch pipelines for smoke exhaust and the sub-axial flow ventilators on the branch pipelines, the main pipeline and the axial flow ventilator connecting the main pipeline. Another secondary path is non-mechanical exhaust. The polluted air enters the shaft from the platform level and the concourse level through the transverse channels at both ends respectively, and then is discharged to the outside of the tunnel through the shaft; Step 7, enter the construction ventilation stage of the station entrance and exit. When constructing the platform level, simultaneously construct the station entrance and exit. Erect the entrance and exit branch pipelines from the concourse level to the tunnel of the station entrance and exit, and install axial flow ventilators on the entrance and exit branch pipelines to press and supply air into the tunnel of the station entrance and exit, so that the polluted air is discharged to the concourse level along the tunnel of the station entrance and exit.

2. The ventilation and thermal insulation system for underground subway stations in high-cold areas according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The main pipeline is composed of several main air ducts. Any two adjacent main air ducts among the several main air ducts are connected and fixed by the sealing components. Each main air duct among the several main air ducts is installed and fixed to the tunnel by the fixing components. The heating pipeline is arranged among the several main air ducts; The branch pipeline is composed of several branch air ducts. Any two adjacent branch air ducts among the several branch air ducts are connected and fixed by the sealing components. Each branch air duct among the several branch air ducts is installed and fixed to the tunnel by the fixing components; The connecting pipeline is L-shaped, with a circular arc transition in the middle. The two ends of the connecting pipeline are respectively sealed and fixed to the main air duct and the branch air duct by the sealing components.

3. The ventilation and thermal insulation system for underground subway stations in high-cold areas according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The sealing component includes: a first seal, a second seal, a stepped protrusion, a stepped groove, a first clamping groove, a second clamping groove, a third seal and a corner guard; The first seal is provided with a first clamping groove for clamping the first end of the sealing component. The second seal is provided with a second clamping groove for clamping the second end of the sealing component. The stepped protrusion is arranged on the right side of the first seal. The stepped groove corresponding to the stepped protrusion is arranged on the left side of the second seal. The stepped protrusion is arranged in the stepped groove. The third seal is of a U-shaped structure and is clamped on the first seal and the second seal. The corner guard is clamped at the corner of the air duct component.

4. The ventilation and thermal insulation system for underground subway stations in high-cold areas according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The fixing component includes: a first rivet, a first connecting plate, a connecting round hole, a first fixing plate, a threaded hole, a screw rod, a second fixing plate, a through hole, a second connecting plate, a square groove, a second rivet; The first connecting plate is riveted to the top of the cavern by the first rivet, the first connecting plate is provided with the connecting circular hole, the first fixing plate is L-shaped, the first end of the first fixing plate passes through the connecting circular hole and is fixedly connected to the first connecting plate, and the second end of the first fixing plate abuts against the lower end of the air duct assembly. The first fixing plate is provided with a threaded hole, the second fixing plate is provided with a through hole, the second end of the second fixing plate is provided with a first end of the screw is clamped on the second fixing plate, and the second end of the screw passes through the through hole and extends into the threaded hole. The second connecting plate is riveted to the cavern by the second rivet, the second connecting plate is provided with the square groove, the first end of the second fixing plate is movably connected to the second connecting plate through the square groove, and the second end of the second fixing plate abuts against the lower end of the air duct assembly. When the screw is tightened, the horizontal distance between the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate is close, so that the air duct assembly is clamped to the cavern.

5. The ventilation and heat preservation system for underground subway stations in high-cold areas according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The ventilation and heat preservation system for underground subway stations in high-cold areas also includes a filter pipe, which includes: a filter air duct, a first fairing, a first ventilation pipe, a blower, a second ventilation pipe, a second fairing, a plurality of filter plates and a plurality of fixing pins; The filter air duct is fixed on the branch pipeline, and both ends of the filter air duct are sealed and fixed to the branch pipeline by the sealing assembly, the left end of the first fairing is in contact with the inner wall of the filter air duct, the right end of the first fairing is connected to the first end of the first ventilation pipe, the second end of the first ventilation pipe is connected to the first end of the blower, the second end of the blower is connected to the first end of the second ventilation pipe, the second end of the second ventilation pipe is connected to the left end of the second fairing, and the right end of the second fairing is in contact with the inner wall of the filter air duct, the left end of the first fairing is larger than the right end of the first fairing, and the left end of the second fairing is smaller than the right end of the second fairing, and a plurality of filter plates are fixed on the inner wall of the filter air duct located on the right side of the second fairing, each of the plurality of filter plates is fixed to the filter air duct by one of the plurality of fixing pins, and the plurality of filter plates are staggered on the inner wall of the filter air duct.

Images