Three-dimensional omnidirectional electromagnetic pulse measurement system, measurement network and vehicle-mounted measurement platform

Abstract

The present invention discloses a three-dimensional omnidirectional electromagnetic pulse measurement system, measurement network and vehicle-mounted measurement platform, which belongs to the field of electromagnetic pulse measurement, and includes: a sensor module, a system integration module, and a signal processing and analysis module. The sensor module includes: three mutually perpendicular reflective optical electromagnetic field sensor probes. The system integration module includes: a tunable laser, a beam splitter, a circulator, a photodetector, a filter amplifier, a data acquisition card and a reflective optical electromagnetic field sensor probe. The present invention can simultaneously measure the three components of the electric field polarized in any direction in space, obtain the size and direction of any electric field in space, and improve the stability and sensitivity of the measurement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of electromagnetic pulse measurement, and in particular to a three-dimensional omnidirectional electromagnetic pulse measurement system, a measurement network and a vehicle-mounted measurement platform. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of electronic information and industrial automation in modern society, even a small pulse may cause damage to the entire circuit board, causing serious damage and interference to the operation of the power system and electrical equipment. Therefore, in order to protect against electric field pulses, it is necessary to measure the electromagnetic pulse electric field, especially the transient pulse electromagnetic field. At present, optical electromagnetic pulse sensors based on the electro-optical effect have become an ideal choice for electromagnetic pulse sensing due to their strong anti-interference, wide response bandwidth and large range. However, due to the directionality of electro-optical crystals, the test results of electromagnetic pulse sensors are greatly affected by the placement angle of the test device, and it is impossible to obtain all the electric field information in space at the same time. The repeatability of electromagnetic pulse signals is poor, so it is impossible to use the same electromagnetic pulse sensor to test and reconstruct multiple times for measurement. In the field of strong electromagnetic pulses, the measurement of three-dimensional electromagnetic pulse intensity has always been the focus of attention.

[0003] Zhang Jiahong et al. [3D integrated optical E-field sensor for lightning electromagnetic impulse (LEMP) measurement [J]. IEEE Photonics technology letters, 2014.] developed a set of three-dimensional omnidirectional integrated optical waveguide electric field sensors. Three packaged lithium niobate integrated optical waveguide electric field sensors were installed and fixed on the three sides of a regular triangular prism, so that the angles between the three dipole antennas of the three integrated optical waveguide electric field sensors and the three edges of the regular triangular prism were exactly 54.7°. This three-dimensional electric field measurement system can simultaneously measure the three components of the electric field polarized in any direction in space, thereby obtaining the size and direction of any electric field in space. However, the sensor requires three tunable lasers, which is complex in structure and expensive. In addition, the maximum response frequency of the sensor is 500MHz, and the sensor is generally required to have a measurement bandwidth of GHz.

[0004] At present, although the existing 3D electromagnetic pulse measurement system design can realize the 3D measurement of electric field, the measurement stability and sensitivity are low. In addition, the current 3D electromagnetic pulse measurement system focuses on using a single 3D electromagnetic pulse sensor to perform point measurement of electromagnetic pulses, and cannot achieve effective measurement of the electromagnetic pulse distribution in a certain space. Summary of the invention

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a three-dimensional omnidirectional electromagnetic pulse measurement system for measuring three-dimensional electromagnetic pulse signal points, comprising: a first system integration module, a first sensor module and a first signal processing and analysis module;

[0006] The first system integration module comprises: a tunable laser, a beam splitter, a first circulator, a second circulator, a third circulator, a fourth circulator, a first photodetector, a second photodetector, a third photodetector, a fourth photodetector, a fourth reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, a first filter amplifier, a second filter amplifier, a third filter amplifier, a fourth filter amplifier and a data acquisition card; the first circulator, the second circulator, the third circulator and the fourth circulator are all provided with a first port, a second port and a third port;

[0007] The first sensor module comprises: a first reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, a second reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe and a third reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe which are perpendicular to each other;

[0008] The laser emitted by the tunable laser is divided into four lasers with the same light intensity by a beam splitter and then incident on the first port of the first circulator, the first port of the second circulator, the first port of the third circulator, and the first port of the fourth circulator respectively, and then incident on the first reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, the second reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, the third reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, and the fourth reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe from the second port of the first circulator, the second port of the second circulator, the second port of the third circulator, and the second port of the fourth circulator respectively. The first reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, the second reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, and the third reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe are respectively loaded with electromagnetic pulse signals, and the optical signal carrying the electromagnetic pulse signal is transmitted from the first reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, the second reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, and the third reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe. The reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe and the third reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe are reflected back to the first circulator, the second circulator, and the third circulator. The laser is directly reflected from the fourth reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe back to the fourth circulator. The four optical signals are incident on the first photodetector, the second photodetector, the third photodetector, and the fourth photodetector respectively through the third port of the first circulator, the third port of the second circulator, the third port of the third circulator, and the third port of the fourth circulator. The light intensity signal is converted into a current signal and then transmitted to the corresponding first filter amplifier, the second filter amplifier, the third filter amplifier, and the fourth filter amplifier. The current signal is filtered, amplified, and converted into a voltage signal and then transmitted to the data acquisition card. The data acquisition card transmits the collected four voltage signals to the first signal processing and analysis module to obtain measurement information.

[0009] Furthermore, the first signal processing and analysis module includes: an A / D converter, a digital signal processing control chip, a digital filter and a timing controller; the data acquisition card is electrically connected to the A / D converter, the A / D converter is electrically connected to the digital signal processing control chip, the digital signal processing control chip is electrically connected to the digital filter, and the timing controller is electrically connected to the A / D converter and the digital signal processing control chip respectively.

[0010] Furthermore, the first reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, the second reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, the third reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, and the fourth reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe all include a collimating lens, a polarizer, an electro-optical crystal, a wave plate, and a reflector arranged in sequence.

[0011] Furthermore, the first sensor module further comprises a first sensor module housing, and the first sensor module housing is made of polytetrafluoroethylene material;

[0012] The first sensor module housing is installed with a first sensor optical fiber flange, a second sensor optical fiber flange and a third sensor optical fiber flange; the first sensor optical fiber flange is electrically connected to the first reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, the second sensor optical fiber flange is electrically connected to the second reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, and the third sensor optical fiber flange is electrically connected to the third reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe.

[0013] Furthermore, the first system integration module further comprises a first system integration module housing, and the first system integration module housing is made of metal material;

[0014] The first system integration module housing is installed with a first integrated box fiber optic flange, a second integrated box fiber optic flange, a third integrated box fiber optic flange, a power socket, a switch, a signal output port and three measurement indicator lights; the first sensor fiber optic flange is connected to the first integrated box fiber optic flange through a fiber optic jumper, the second sensor fiber optic flange is connected to the second integrated box fiber optic flange through a fiber optic jumper, the third sensor fiber optic flange is connected to the third integrated box fiber optic flange through a fiber optic jumper, and the signal output port is connected to the first signal processing and analysis module through a fiber optic jumper.

[0015] The present invention also provides a three-dimensional omnidirectional electromagnetic pulse measurement network, including: a data display and storage device, a first signal processing and analysis module, at least one first sensor module and at least one first system integration module, the number of the first sensor modules and the first system integration modules are the same, the first sensor modules are electrically connected to the first system integration modules one-to-one, each first system integration module is electrically connected to the first signal processing and analysis module respectively, and the first signal processing and analysis module and the data display and storage device are electrically connected.

[0016] The present invention also provides a three-dimensional omnidirectional electromagnetic pulse vehicle-mounted measurement platform, including: a shielded carriage, a data display and storage device, a grounding device, a first signal processing and analysis module, four first sensor modules, and four first system integration modules; four first sensor modules are respectively installed at the four vertices on the top of the shielded carriage, the first sensor module is electrically connected to the first system integration module one-to-one, the four first system integration modules are respectively electrically connected to the first signal processing and analysis module, and the four first system integration modules, the first signal processing and analysis module, and the data display and storage device are all installed in the shielded carriage.

[0017] The present invention also provides a three-dimensional omnidirectional electromagnetic pulse measurement system, comprising: a second system integration module, a second sensor module and a second signal processing and analysis module;

[0018] The second system integration module includes: a tunable laser, a beam splitter, a first circulator, a second circulator, a third circulator, a fourth circulator, a first photodetector, a second photodetector, a third photodetector, a fourth photodetector, a fourth reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, a first filter amplifier, a second filter amplifier, a third filter amplifier, a fourth filter amplifier and a data acquisition card; the first circulator, the second circulator, the third circulator and the fourth circulator are all provided with a first port, a second port and a third port;

[0019] The second sensor module includes: an optical fiber temperature sensor probe, and a first reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, a second reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, and a third reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe that are perpendicular to each other;

[0020] The laser emitted by the tunable laser is divided into four lasers with the same light intensity by a beam splitter and then incident on the first port of the first circulator, the first port of the second circulator, the first port of the third circulator, and the first port of the fourth circulator respectively, and then incident on the first reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, the second reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, the third reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, and the fourth reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe from the second port of the first circulator, the second port of the second circulator, the second port of the third circulator, and the second port of the fourth circulator respectively. The first reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, the second reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, and the third reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe are loaded with electromagnetic pulse signals, and optical signals carrying electromagnetic pulse signals are transmitted from the first reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, the second reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, and the third reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe. The optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe and the third reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe are reflected back to the first circulator, the second circulator, and the third circulator. The laser is reflected from the fourth reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe back to the fourth circulator. The four optical signals are then incident on the first photodetector, the second photodetector, the third photodetector, and the fourth photodetector through the third port of the first circulator, the third port of the second circulator, the third port of the third circulator, and the third port of the fourth circulator respectively. The light intensity signal is converted into a current signal and then transmitted to the corresponding first filter amplifier, the second filter amplifier, the third filter amplifier, and the fourth filter amplifier. The current signal is filtered, amplified, and converted into a voltage signal and then transmitted to the data acquisition card. The data acquisition card transmits the collected four voltage signals to the second signal processing and analysis module to obtain measurement information. At the same time, the optical fiber temperature sensor probe measures the external temperature in real time, the data acquisition card collects temperature data information, and transmits it to the second signal processing and analysis module for analysis. The second signal processing and analysis module transmits the feedback control signal to the tunable laser to control the wavelength of the emitted laser.

[0021] Furthermore, the second signal processing and analysis module includes: an A / D converter, a digital signal processing control chip, a digital filter, a timing controller, a D / A converter and a wavelength controller; the data acquisition card is electrically connected to the A / D converter, the A / D device is electrically connected to the digital signal processing control chip, the digital signal processing control chip is electrically connected to the digital filter and the D / A converter respectively, the D / A converter is electrically connected to the wavelength controller, the wavelength controller is electrically connected to the tunable laser, and the timing controller is electrically connected to the A / D converter and the digital signal processing control chip respectively.

[0022] Furthermore, the first reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, the second reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, the third reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, and the fourth reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe all include a collimating lens, a polarizer, an electro-optical crystal, a wave plate, and a reflector arranged in sequence.

[0023] Furthermore, the second sensor module further comprises a second sensor module housing, and the second sensor module housing is made of polytetrafluoroethylene material;

[0024] The second sensor module housing is equipped with an optical fiber temperature flange, a first sensor optical fiber flange, a second sensor optical fiber flange, and a first sensor optical fiber flange; the first sensor optical fiber flange is electrically connected to the first reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, the second sensor optical fiber flange is electrically connected to the second reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, and the third sensor optical fiber flange is electrically connected to the third reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe; the optical fiber temperature flange is electrically connected to the optical fiber temperature sensor probe.

[0025] Furthermore, the second system integration module further comprises a second system integration module housing, and the second system integration module housing is made of metal material;

[0026] The second system integration module housing is installed with a temperature signal acquisition optical fiber flange, a power socket, a switch, a first integrated box optical fiber flange, a second integrated box optical fiber flange, a third integrated box optical fiber flange, a signal output port and a feedback control port, as well as four measurement indicator lights; the first sensor optical fiber flange is connected to the first integrated box optical fiber flange through an optical fiber jumper, the second sensor optical fiber flange is connected to the second integrated box optical fiber flange through an optical fiber jumper, and the third sensor optical fiber flange is connected to the third integrated box optical fiber flange through an optical fiber jumper; the temperature signal acquisition optical fiber flange is connected to the optical fiber temperature flange through an optical fiber jumper; the second signal processing and analysis module is connected to the signal output port and the feedback control port through optical fiber jumpers, respectively.

[0027] A three-dimensional omnidirectional electromagnetic pulse measurement network includes: a data display and storage device, a second signal processing and analysis module, at least one second sensor module and at least one second system integration module, the number of the second sensor modules and the second system integration modules are the same, the second sensor modules are electrically connected to the second system integration modules one-to-one, each second system integration module is electrically connected to the second signal processing and analysis module, and the second signal processing and analysis module and the data display and storage device are electrically connected.

[0028] A three-dimensional omnidirectional electromagnetic pulse vehicle-mounted measurement platform includes: a shielded carriage, a data display and storage device, a grounding device, a second signal processing and analysis module, four second sensor modules, and four second system integration modules. Four second sensor modules are respectively installed at the four vertices of the top of the shielded carriage, the second sensor module is electrically connected to the second system integration module one-to-one, the four second system integration modules are respectively electrically connected to the second signal processing and analysis module, and the four second system integration modules, the second signal processing and analysis module, and the data display and storage device are all installed in the shielded carriage.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can bring the following beneficial effects:

[0030] 1) The first sensor module provided by the present invention adopts three mutually perpendicular reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probes, which can simultaneously measure the three components of the electric field polarized in any direction in space, thereby obtaining the size and direction of any electric field in space; at the same time, the reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe can make the laser return along the original path after being incident inside, which greatly simplifies the structure of the three-dimensional omnidirectional electromagnetic pulse sensor system.

[0031] 2) The first system integration module provided by the present invention has a reference probe packaged in the first system integration module. In signal processing and analysis, the electromagnetic pulse signal can be separated, and then the three-way measurement signals of X, Y, and Z are analyzed, thereby improving the stability and sensitivity of the measurement.

[0032] 3) The second sensor module provided by the present invention is added with an optical fiber temperature sensing probe, and the measured external temperature information is sent to the second signal processing and analysis module for analysis, and then fed back to the tunable laser to adjust the wavelength of the emitted laser, so as to compensate for the signal instability caused by temperature changes, thereby improving the system stability and environmental adaptability;

[0033] 4) The three-dimensional omnidirectional electromagnetic pulse sensing network provided by the present invention can synchronously measure the three-dimensional electromagnetic pulse signals of multiple spatial points; the three-dimensional omnidirectional electromagnetic pulse vehicle-mounted measurement platform can infer the spatial distribution of the electromagnetic pulse from the three-dimensional electromagnetic pulse measurement results of each point on the platform. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] The following drawings describe in detail the exemplary embodiments disclosed in this application. The same reference numerals represent similar structures in several views of the drawings. Those skilled in the art will understand that these embodiments are non-limiting, exemplary embodiments, and the drawings are only for the purpose of illustration and description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Other embodiments may also accomplish the inventive intent of this application. It should be understood that the drawings are not drawn to scale. Among them:

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a three-dimensional omnidirectional electromagnetic pulse measurement system according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first signal processing and analysis module in accordance with the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a reflection type electromagnetic pulse sensor probe according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structural housing of the first sensor module according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a first system integration module structure housing according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional omnidirectional optical electromagnetic pulse sensing network structure of the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of a three-dimensional omnidirectional electromagnetic pulse sensing vehicle-mounted measurement platform according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of a three-dimensional omnidirectional electromagnetic pulse measurement system according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of a second signal processing and analysis module in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0044] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second sensor module housing according to the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the housing structure of the second system integration module of the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Fig.12 The three-dimensional omnidirectional optical electromagnetic pulse measurement network of the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Fig.13 The three-dimensional omnidirectional optical electromagnetic pulse vehicle-mounted measurement platform of the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure numerals: 11-first system integration module, 12-first sensor module, 13-first signal processing and analysis module, 14-computer, 15-first sensor module housing, 16-first system integration module housing, 17-grounding device, 18-shielded vehicle box, 111-tunable laser, 112-beam splitter, 113-circulator, 114-photoelectric detector, 115-fourth reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, 116-filter amplifier, 117-data acquisition card, 1131-first circulator, 113 2-second circulator, 1133-third circulator, 1134-fourth circulator, 1141-first photodetector, 1142-second photodetector, 1143-third photodetector, 1144-fourth photodetector, 1161-first filter amplifier, 1162-second filter amplifier, 1163-third filter amplifier, 1164-fourth filter amplifier, 121-first reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, 122-second reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, 123-third reflective Optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, 1211-collimating lens, 1212-polarizer, 1213-electro-optic crystal, 1214-wave plate, 1215-reflector, 131-A / D converter, 132-digital signal processing control chip, 133-digital filter, 134-timing controller, 151-first sensor fiber flange, 152-second sensor fiber flange, 153-third sensor fiber flange, 161-first integrated box fiber flange, 162-second integrated box fiber flange, 163-first Three integrated box optical fiber flanges, 164-signal indicator light, 165-output port, 166-power socket, 167-switch, 21-second system integration module, 22-second sensor module, 23-second signal processing and analysis module, 25-second sensor module housing, 26-second system integration module housing, 221-optical fiber temperature sensor probe, 231-D / A converter, 232-wavelength controller, 251-optical fiber temperature flange, 261-temperature signal acquisition optical fiber flange, 262-feedback control port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The technical solution of the present invention is further elaborated in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments of the specification. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art of the present invention. The terms used in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0050] Embodiment 1:

[0051] Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a three-dimensional omnidirectional electromagnetic pulse measurement system, including: a first system integration module, a first sensor module and a first signal processing and analysis module.

[0052] The first system integration module includes: a tunable laser, a beam splitter, a first circulator, a second circulator, a third circulator, a fourth circulator, a first photodetector, a second photodetector, a third photodetector, a fourth photodetector, a fourth reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, a first filter amplifier, a second filter amplifier, a third filter amplifier, a fourth filter amplifier and a data acquisition card; the first circulator, the second circulator, the third circulator and the fourth circulator are all provided with a first port, a second port and a third port.

[0053] The first sensor module includes: a first reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, a second reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe and a third reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe which are perpendicular to each other.

[0054] Specifically, Figure 1 As shown, the first system integration module 11 includes an optical part and a circuit part. The optical part includes: a tunable laser 111, a beam splitter 112, a first circulator 1131, a second circulator 1132, a third circulator 1133, a fourth circulator 1134, a first photodetector 1141, a second photodetector 1142, a third photodetector 1143, a fourth photodetector 1144, and a fourth reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe 115 (hereinafter referred to as the fourth probe in this embodiment). The tunable laser 111 is used to output a laser with adjustable wavelength. The four circulators are all provided with a first port, a second port, and a third port. The model parameters of the four photodetectors are the same and can detect frequencies in the GHz range. The circuit part includes: a first filter amplifier 1161, a second filter amplifier 1162, a third filter amplifier 1163, a fourth filter amplifier 1164 and a data acquisition card 117. The first sensor module 12 includes: three mutually perpendicular reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probes, namely, a first reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe 121 (hereinafter referred to as the first probe in this embodiment), a second reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe 122 (hereinafter referred to as the second probe in this embodiment), and a third reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe 123 (hereinafter referred to as the third probe in this embodiment).

[0055] Specifically, Figure 2As shown, the first signal processing and analysis module 13 includes: an A / D converter 131, a digital signal processing control chip 132, a digital filter 133 and a timing controller 134, which are used to realize data acquisition, control signal processing, digital demodulation, digital filtering, etc. Among them, the data acquisition card 117 is electrically connected to the A / D converter 131, the A / D converter 131 is electrically connected to the digital signal processing control chip 132, the digital signal processing control chip 132 is electrically connected to the digital filter 133, the timing controller 134 is electrically connected to the A / D converter 131 and the digital signal processing control chip 132 respectively, the timing controller 134 controls the digital signal processing control chip 132 and the A / D converter 131 to work synchronously, so that the system can operate normally, the digital filter 133 is electrically connected to the computer 14, and the computer 14 is used to display the stored data information.

[0056] Specifically, the data acquisition card 117 collects four-way sensor electrical signals, converts them into digital signals through the A / D converter 131 and sends them to the digital signal processing control chip 132 for processing and analysis of the four-way signals. First, the three-way signals X, Y, and Z are respectively subjected to difference processing with the reference signal measured in the fourth probe 115 to filter the DC part of the sensor and the noise caused by system factors, and the electromagnetic pulse signal is separated. Then, the three-way signals X, Y, and Z are analyzed to obtain the electromagnetic pulse three-dimensional signal of the spatial point, thereby improving the measurement sensitivity and stability. The obtained electromagnetic pulse digital signal is digitally filtered and then output to the computer 14 for display and storage.

[0057] The first reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, the second reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, the third reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe and the fourth reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe all include a collimating lens, a polarizing plate, an electro-optical crystal, a wave plate and a reflective plate which are arranged in sequence.

[0058] Specifically, Figure 3The reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe can make the laser incident into the probe and then return along the original path. Its internal structure is collimating lens 1211, polarizing plate 1212, electro-optical crystal 1213, wave plate 1214, and reflector 1215. After the laser is incident into the probe, it is collimated by collimating lens 1211, polarizing by polarizing plate 1212, electromagnetic pulse signal is loaded into electro-optical crystal 1213 in the form of phase difference, wave plate 1214 adds constant phase difference, and reflector 1215 reflects and then returns along the original path. During the return process, light intensity signal is obtained by polarization analysis by wave plate 1214, electro-optical crystal 1213, and polarizing plate 1212, and collimating lens 1211 couples the light intensity signal with electromagnetic pulse signal back into the optical fiber. The function of wave plate 1214 is to add constant phase difference, so as to change the working range of the sensor according to the measurement requirements. In this embodiment, a one-eighth wave plate is used to make the sensor work in the linear range to improve the measurement sensitivity. The size and material of the electro-optical crystal 1213 directly affect the measurement range and measurement sensitivity of the sensor. An appropriate electro-optical crystal 1213 can be selected according to the measurement requirements, such as potassium dihydrogen phosphate crystal, lithium niobate crystal, bismuth germanate crystal, etc., which can measure bandwidths above GHz.

[0059] Specifically, Figure 1As shown, the tunable laser 111 emits a laser of a specific wavelength, and the laser is divided into four laser beams with the same light intensity after being acted upon by the beam splitter 112. The four laser beams enter from the first ports of the first circulator 1131, the second circulator 1132, the third circulator 1133, and the fourth circulator 1134 respectively, and then enter the first probe 121, the second probe 122, the third probe 123, and the fourth probe 115 respectively from the second ports of each circulator. The electro-optic crystal 1213 loads the electromagnetic pulse information in the form of phase difference, and the collimating lens 1211 couples the light intensity signal with the electromagnetic pulse signal back into the optical fiber when returning. The first probe 121, the second probe 122, and the third probe 123 are perpendicular to each other, wherein the first probe 121 measures the electromagnetic pulse in the X direction, the second probe 122 measures the electromagnetic pulse in the Y direction, the third probe 123 measures the electromagnetic pulse in the Z direction, and the fourth probe 115 is placed in the optical part of the first system integration module 11 as a reference path and does not participate in the electromagnetic pulse measurement. The optical signals are respectively reflected from the first probe 121, the second probe 122, the third probe 123, and the fourth probe 115 back to the lasers of the first circulator 1131, the second circulator 1132, the circulator 1133, and the third circulator 1134, and then incident on the first photodetector 1141, the second photodetector 1142, the third photodetector 1143, and the fourth photodetector 1144 through the third ports of the first circulator 1131, the second circulator 1132, the third circulator 1133, and the fourth circulator 1134. The photodetectors convert the light intensity signals into current signals and then transmit them to the first filter amplifier 1161, the second filter amplifier 1162, the third filter amplifier 1163, and the fourth filter amplifier 1164, which filter, amplify, and convert the current signals into voltage signals and transmit them to the data acquisition card 117. The data acquisition card 117 transmits the collected voltage signals to the first signal processing and analysis module 13 for processing to obtain electromagnetic pulse measurement information, and outputs the information data to the computer 14 for display and storage.

[0060] The first sensor module also includes a first sensor module housing, which is made of polytetrafluoroethylene material; the first sensor module housing is installed with a first sensor optical fiber flange, a second sensor optical fiber flange and a third sensor optical fiber flange; the first sensor optical fiber flange is electrically connected to the first reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, the second sensor optical fiber flange is electrically connected to the second reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, and the third sensor optical fiber flange is electrically connected to the third reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe.

[0061] The first system integration module also includes a first system integration module shell, which is made of metal material; the first system integration module shell is installed with a first integrated box fiber optic flange, a second integrated box fiber optic flange, a third integrated box fiber optic flange, a power socket, a switch, a signal output port and three measurement indicator lights; the first sensor fiber optic flange is connected to the first integrated box fiber optic flange through a fiber optic jumper, the second sensor fiber optic flange is connected to the second integrated box fiber optic flange through a fiber optic jumper, the third sensor fiber optic flange is connected to the third integrated box fiber optic flange through a fiber optic jumper, and the signal output port is connected to the first signal processing and analysis module through a fiber optic jumper.

[0062] Specifically, Figure 4 As shown, the first probe 121 of the first sensor module 12 is located in the X-axis direction, the second probe 122 is located in the Y-axis direction, and the third probe 123 is located in the Z-axis. The three reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probes inside the first sensor module 12 are perpendicular to each other and can simultaneously measure the three magnetic field components of the electromagnetic pulse polarized in any direction in space, thereby obtaining the size and direction of any electromagnetic pulse in space.

[0063] like Figure 4 , Figure 5As shown, the first sensor module housing 15 is a rectangular housing made of polytetrafluoroethylene material, which can protect the internal devices from being polluted by water vapor, dust and the like in the environment, and three sensor fiber optic flanges (respectively 151, 152, and 153) are installed on the front thereof; the first system integration module housing 16 is made of metal material, which can shield the damage of electromagnetic pulses, and a signal output port 165, a power socket 166 and a switch 167, three integrated box fiber optic flanges (i.e., 161, 162, and 163), and three measurement signal lights 164 are installed on the front thereof, wherein the integrated box fiber optic flanges are installed one by one correspondingly to the measurement indicator lights, and the measurement indicator lights are used to prompt the working status of the corresponding integrated box fiber optic flanges; the signal output port 165 is connected to the first signal processing and analysis module 13 through an optical fiber jumper, and the collected signal is transmitted to the first signal processing and analysis module 13; the power socket 166 can supply power to the first system integration module 11; the switch 167 can control the switch of the power supply in the first system integration module 11 to protect each optical component. The three sensor fiber optic flanges X, Y, and Z on the first sensor module housing 15 are electrically connected to the reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probes connected to the three directions of X, Y, and Z, respectively, and are connected to the three integrated box fiber optic flanges X, Z, and Y on the first system integrated module housing 16 through optical fiber jumpers. The three integrated box fiber optic flanges X, Z, and Y on the first integrated module housing 16 are electrically connected to the second ports of the first circulator 1131, the second circulator 1132, and the third circulator 1133. In this way, the optical fiber transmission mode and the non-metallic design ensure the strong anti-electromagnetic interference capability of the first sensor module 12.

[0064] like Figure 6 As shown, this embodiment also provides a three-dimensional omnidirectional optical electromagnetic pulse sensing network, including: a computer 14, a first signal processing and analysis module 13, four first sensor modules 12 and four first system integration modules 11, the first sensor modules 12 are electrically connected to the first system integration modules 11 one-to-one, the four first system integration modules 11 are electrically connected to the first signal processing and analysis modules 13, and the first signal processing and analysis modules 13 are electrically connected to the computer 14. How many first sensor modules 12 and first system integration modules 11 are needed is determined by the measurement requirements. If the electromagnetic pulse range to be measured is large, a sensor network can be used to measure the electromagnetic pulse.

[0065] like Figure 7As shown, this embodiment also provides a three-dimensional omnidirectional electromagnetic pulse sensing vehicle-mounted measurement platform, including: a first signal processing and analysis module 13, a shielded carriage 18, a computer 14 and a grounding device 17, four first sensor modules 12 and four first system integration modules 11, four first sensor modules 12 are respectively installed at the four vertices on the top of the shielded carriage 18, the first sensor module 12 is electrically connected to the first system integration module 11 one-to-one, the four first system integration modules 11 are electrically connected to the first signal processing and analysis module 13, the four first system integration modules 11, the first signal processing and analysis module 13 and the computer 14 are installed in the shielded carriage 18, and the spatial distribution of the electromagnetic pulse can be inferred from the three-dimensional electromagnetic pulse measurement results of each point on the platform. Placing the computer 15 in the cockpit can facilitate the test personnel to monitor the electromagnetic pulse signal, the shielded carriage 18 can protect the internal components of the carriage from the influence of strong electromagnetic pulses, and the grounding device 17 can protect the safety of the equipment in the carriage and the personnel being tested.

[0066] Embodiment 2

[0067] A second embodiment of the present invention provides a three-dimensional omnidirectional electromagnetic pulse measurement system, including: a second system integration module, a second sensor module and a second signal processing and analysis module.

[0068] Specifically, Figure 8 The second system integration module 21 includes an optical part and a circuit part. The optical part includes: a tunable laser 111, a beam splitter 112, a first circulator 1131, a second circulator 1132, a third circulator 1133, a fourth circulator 1134, a first photodetector 1141, a second photodetector 1142, a third photodetector 1143, a fourth photodetector 1144, and a fourth reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe 115 (hereinafter referred to as the fourth probe in this embodiment). The tunable laser 111 is used to output a laser with adjustable wavelength. The four circulators are all provided with a first port, a second port, and a third port. The model parameters of the four photodetectors are the same and can detect frequencies in the GHz range. The circuit part includes: a first filter amplifier 1161, a second filter amplifier 1162, a third filter amplifier 1163, a fourth filter amplifier 1164 and a data acquisition card 117. The second sensor module 22 includes: three mutually perpendicular reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probes, namely, a first reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe 121 (hereinafter referred to as the first probe in this embodiment), a second reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe 122 (hereinafter referred to as the second probe in this embodiment), a third reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe 123 (hereinafter referred to as the third probe in this embodiment), and an optical fiber temperature sensor probe 221.

[0069] Specifically, Fig. 9As shown, the second signal processing and analysis module 23 includes: an A / D converter 131, a digital signal processing control chip 132, a digital filter 133, a timing controller 134, a D / A converter 231, and a wavelength controller 232. The A / D converter 131 is electrically connected to the data acquisition card 117, the A / D converter 131 is electrically connected to the digital signal processing control chip 132, the digital signal processing control chip 132 is electrically connected to the digital filter 133, the digital filter 133 is electrically connected to the computer 14, the digital signal processing control chip 132 is electrically connected to the D / A converter 231, the D / A converter 231 is electrically connected to the wavelength controller 232, the wavelength controller 232 is electrically connected to the tunable exciter 111, and the timing controller 134 is electrically connected to the A / D converter 131, the digital signal processing control chip 132, and the D / A converter 231, respectively.

[0070] Specifically, after the data acquisition card 117 collects the four-way sensor electrical signal and temperature information, it is converted into a digital signal by the A / D converter 131 and sent to the digital signal processing control chip 132 for processing and analyzing the four-way signal. The processing and analysis method is the same as that in the first embodiment. The obtained electromagnetic pulse digital signal is digitally filtered and then output to the computer 14 for display and storage; the digital signal processing control chip 132 processes and analyzes the temperature information to obtain the wavelength change of the tunable laser 111, and transmits the signal of the wavelength change to the D / A converter 231 to convert it into an analog signal and send it to the wavelength controller 232. The wavelength controller 232 controls the wavelength of the tunable laser 111 to change the wavelength of the emitted laser, and compensates for the signal instability caused by temperature change in real time to improve the system stability and environmental adaptability; the timing controller 134 controls the digital signal processing control chip 132, the A / D converter 131, and the D / A converter 231 to work synchronously, so that the system can operate normally.

[0071] The three reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probes used in this embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment and will not be described in detail.

[0072] When the external temperature changes, the refractive index of the electro-optical crystal 1213 will change, causing the phase of the light wave transmitted by the electro-optical crystal 1213 to change. At the same time, it will cause the thickness of the wave plate 1214 and the material birefringence to change, causing phase delay, resulting in changes in the device operating point of the probe. Therefore, changes in the external temperature will affect the electro-optical crystal 1213 and the wave plate 1214, thereby changing the inherent phase difference of the light wave in the probe device. The phase delay change caused by wavelength fluctuations is much larger than the phase delay change caused by temperature fluctuations. The inherent phase difference of the light wave in the probe can be changed by adjusting the wavelength of the light source, thereby offsetting the device operating point drift caused by temperature changes. It is difficult to determine the change in the inherent phase difference caused by temperature changes only from a theoretical perspective. This embodiment is determined in combination with actual measurement and calibration, and finally obtains the relationship between temperature change - actual inherent phase difference change - tunable laser wavelength change.

[0073] Specifically, the optical fiber temperature sensing probe 221 measures the current external temperature signal A n+1 The external temperature signal A at the previous moment n , the digital signal processing control chip 132 analyzes the temperature signal, if A n+1 =A n , then continue to measure the temperature at the next moment; if A n+1 ≠A n According to the relationship between the temperature change amount - the actual inherent phase difference change amount - the tunable laser wavelength change amount, the tunable laser 111 wavelength change amount is obtained, and the tunable laser 111 wavelength is controlled to be tuned to the corresponding wavelength; it is detected whether the current reference path signal working point is modified to the optimal working point of the reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe. If not, the tunable laser 111 wavelength is continued to be adjusted. If so, the feedback is terminated.

[0074] Specifically, the workflow of this embodiment is as follows: Figure 8As shown, the tunable laser 111 emits a laser of a specific wavelength, which is divided into four laser beams with the same light intensity after being acted upon by the beam splitter 112. The four laser beams enter from the first ports of the first circulator 1131, the second circulator 1132, the third circulator 1133, and the fourth circulator 1134 respectively, and then are incident on the first probe 121, the second probe 122, the third probe 123, and the fourth probe 115 respectively from the second ports of the circulators. The electro-optic crystal 1213 in the first probe 121, the second probe 122, and the third probe 123 carries electromagnetic pulses in the form of phase difference, and when returning, the collimating lens 1211 couples the light intensity signal carrying the electromagnetic pulse signal back into the optical fiber. The first probe 121, the second probe 122, and the third probe 123 are perpendicular to each other, wherein the first probe 121 measures the electromagnetic pulse in the X direction, the second probe 122 measures the electromagnetic pulse in the Y direction, and the third probe 123 measures the electromagnetic pulse in the Z direction. The fourth probe 115 is placed in the second system integration module 21 as a reference path and does not participate in the electromagnetic pulse measurement. The optical signal is reflected from each probe back to the laser of the first circulator 1131, the second circulator 1132, the third circulator 1133, and the fourth circulator 1134, and then incident on the first photodetector 1141, the second photodetector 1142, the third photodetector 1143, and the fourth photodetector 1144 through the third port of each circulator. Each photodetector converts the light intensity signal into a current signal and then transmits it to the first filter amplifier 1161, the second filter amplifier 1162, the third filter amplifier 1163, and the fourth filter amplifier 1164, which filters, amplifies, and converts the current signal into a voltage signal and transmits it to the data acquisition card 117. The data acquisition card 117 transmits the collected voltage signal to the second signal processing and analysis module 23 for processing to obtain the measurement information of the signal, and outputs the information data to the computer 14 for display and storage. At the same time, the optical fiber temperature sensing probe 221 measures the external temperature in real time, and the data acquisition card 117 collects temperature data information and transmits it to the second signal processing and analysis module 23 for analysis. The second signal processing and analysis module 23 determines whether the wavelength corresponding to the current temperature is equal to the current wavelength in the fourth probe 115 according to the temperature-wavelength relationship judgment standard. If they are not equal, the feedback control signal obtained after the analysis and processing by the second signal processing and analysis module 23 is transmitted to the tunable laser 111 to change the wavelength of the emitted laser. If they are equal, the signal data information of this measurement is used as the measurement result.

[0075] like Fig.10 As shown, the second sensor module housing 25 of this embodiment adds an optical fiber temperature flange 251 on the basis of the first sensor module housing 15 of the first embodiment; the optical fiber temperature flange 251 is electrically connected to the optical fiber temperature sensing probe 221 .

[0076] like Fig.11As shown, the second integrated module housing 26 of the present embodiment adds a temperature signal acquisition optical fiber flange 261, a measurement indicator light and a feedback control port 262 on the basis of the first integrated module housing 16 of the first embodiment; the temperature signal acquisition optical fiber flange 261 is connected to the optical fiber temperature flange 251 through an optical fiber jumper; the feedback control port 262 is connected to the second signal processing and analysis module 23 through an optical fiber jumper.

[0077] Specifically, the second sensor module housing 25 of the present embodiment is a rectangular housing made of polytetrafluoroethylene material, which can protect the internal devices from being polluted by water vapor, dust, etc. in the environment, and three sensor optical fiber flanges (respectively 151, 152, and 153) and an optical fiber temperature flange 251 are installed on the front; the second system integration module housing 26 is installed on the front of a temperature signal acquisition optical fiber flange 261, a signal output port 165, a feedback control port 262, a power socket 166, a switch 167, three integrated box optical fiber flanges (respectively 161, 162, and 163), and four measurement signal lights 164. The three integrated box fiber optic flanges are installed in a one-to-one correspondence with the three measurement indicator lights, the temperature signal acquisition fiber optic flange 261 is installed in a corresponding manner with the measurement signal light 164, and the measurement indicator light 164 is used to prompt the working status of the corresponding integrated box fiber optic flange; the signal output port 165 is connected to the second signal processing and analysis module 23 through an optical fiber jumper, and the collected signal is transmitted to the second signal processing and analysis module 23; the feedback control port 262 is connected to the second signal processing and analysis module 23 through an optical fiber jumper, and the feedback control signal is fed back to the tunable laser 111 to adjust the wavelength of the laser in real time; the power socket 166 can supply power to the second system integration module 21; the switch can control the switch of the power supply in the second system integration module 21 to protect each optical component. The three sensor fiber optic flanges X, Y, and Z on the second sensor module housing 25 are electrically connected to the sensor probes in the three directions of X, Y, and Z respectively. At the same time, the three sensor fiber optic flanges X, Y, and Z on the second sensor module housing 25 are connected to the three integrated box fiber optic flanges X, Z, and Y on the second system integrated module housing 26 through optical fiber jumpers. The three integrated box fiber optic flanges X, Z, and Y on the second integrated module housing 26 are electrically connected to the second ports of the first circulator 231, the second circulator 232, and the third circulator 233 respectively; the optical fiber temperature flange 251 is electrically connected to the optical fiber temperature sensor probe 221 in the second sensor module 22, and is connected to the temperature signal acquisition optical fiber flange 261 on the second system integrated module housing 26 through an optical fiber jumper. The optical fiber transmission mode and non-metallic design ensure the strong anti-electromagnetic interference capability of the second sensor module 22.

[0078] like Fig.12As shown, this embodiment also provides a three-dimensional omnidirectional electromagnetic pulse sensing network, including: a computer 14, a second signal processing and analysis module 23, four second sensor modules 22 and four second system integration modules 21, the second sensor modules 22 are electrically connected to the second system integration modules 21 one-to-one, the four second system integration modules 21 are electrically connected to the second signal processing and analysis modules 23, and the second signal processing and analysis module 23 is electrically connected to the computer 14.

[0079] like Fig.13 As shown, this embodiment also provides a three-dimensional omnidirectional electromagnetic pulse vehicle-mounted measurement platform, including: a second signal processing and analysis module 23, a shielded car 18, a computer 14 and a grounding device 17, four second sensor modules 22 and four second system integration modules 21, four second sensor modules 22 are respectively installed at the four vertices on the top of the shielded car 18, the second sensor module 22 is electrically connected to the second system integration module 21 one-to-one, the four second system integration modules 21 are electrically connected to the second signal processing and analysis module 23, the four second system integration modules 21, the second signal processing and analysis module 23 and the computer 14 are installed in the shielded car 18, and the spatial distribution of the electromagnetic pulse can be inferred from the three-dimensional electromagnetic pulse measurement results of each point on the platform. Placing the computer 25 in the cockpit can facilitate the test personnel to monitor the electromagnetic pulse signal, the shielded car 18 can protect the internal components of the car from the influence of strong electromagnetic pulses, and the grounding device 17 can protect the safety of the equipment in the car and the measured personnel.

[0080] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the above preferred embodiments should not be regarded as limiting the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the scope defined by the claims. For ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional omnidirectional electromagnetic pulse measurement system, characterized in that: include: A first system integration module, a first sensor module and a first signal processing and analysis module; The first system integration module comprises: a tunable laser, a beam splitter, a first circulator, a second circulator, a third circulator, a fourth circulator, a first photodetector, a second photodetector, a third photodetector, a fourth photodetector, a fourth reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, a first filter amplifier, a second filter amplifier, a third filter amplifier, a fourth filter amplifier and a data acquisition card; the first circulator, the second circulator, the third circulator and the fourth circulator are all provided with a first port, a second port and a third port; The first sensor module comprises: a first reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, a second reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe and a third reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe which are perpendicular to each other; The laser emitted by the tunable laser is divided into four lasers with the same light intensity by a beam splitter and then incident on the first port of the first circulator, the first port of the second circulator, the first port of the third circulator, and the first port of the fourth circulator respectively, and then incident on the first reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, the second reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, the third reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, and the fourth reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe from the second port of the first circulator, the second port of the second circulator, the second port of the third circulator, and the second port of the fourth circulator respectively; the first reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, the second reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, and the third reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe are respectively loaded with electromagnetic pulse signals, and the optical signals carrying the electromagnetic pulse signals are transmitted from the first reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, the second reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, and the third reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe. The reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe and the third reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe reflect back to the first circulator, the second circulator, and the third circulator. The laser is directly reflected from the fourth reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe back to the fourth circulator. The four optical signals are incident on the first photodetector, the second photodetector, the third photodetector, and the fourth photodetector through the third port of the first circulator, the third port of the second circulator, the third port of the third circulator, and the third port of the fourth circulator, respectively. The light intensity signal is converted into a current signal and then transmitted to the corresponding first filter amplifier, the second filter amplifier, the third filter amplifier, and the fourth filter amplifier. The current signal is filtered, amplified, and converted into a voltage signal and then transmitted to the data acquisition card. The data acquisition card transmits the collected four voltage signals to the first signal processing and analysis module to obtain measurement information. Wherein, the first signal processing and analysis module comprises: an A / D converter, a digital signal processing control chip, a digital filter and a timing controller; the data acquisition card is electrically connected to the A / D converter, the A / D converter is electrically connected to the digital signal processing control chip, the digital signal processing control chip is electrically connected to the digital filter, and the timing controller is electrically connected to the A / D converter and the digital signal processing control chip respectively; Among them, the first reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, the second reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, the third reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, and the fourth reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe all include a collimating lens, a polarizer, an electro-optical crystal, a wave plate, and a reflector arranged in sequence.

2. A three-dimensional omnidirectional electromagnetic pulse measurement network, characterized in that: include: A data display and storage device, a first signal processing and analysis module as described in claim 1, at least one first sensor module as described in claim 1 and at least one first system integration module as described in claim 1, the number of the first sensor modules and the first system integration modules are the same, the first sensor modules are electrically connected to the first system integration modules one-to-one, each first system integration module is electrically connected to the first signal processing and analysis module respectively, and the first signal processing and analysis module and the data display and storage device are electrically connected.

3. A three-dimensional omnidirectional electromagnetic pulse vehicle-mounted measurement platform, characterized in that: include: A shielded carriage, a data display and storage device, a grounding device, the first signal processing and analysis module as claimed in claim 1, four first sensor modules as claimed in claim 1, and four first system integration modules as claimed in claim 1; four first sensor modules are respectively installed at the four vertices of the top of the shielded carriage, the first sensor module is electrically connected to the first system integration module one-to-one, the four first system integration modules are respectively electrically connected to the first signal processing and analysis module, and the four first system integration modules, the first signal processing and analysis module, and the data storage device are all installed in the shielded carriage.

4. A three-dimensional omnidirectional electromagnetic pulse measurement system, characterized in that: include: A second system integration module, a second sensor module, and a second signal processing and analysis module; The second system integration module includes: a tunable laser, a beam splitter, a first circulator, a second circulator, a third circulator, a fourth circulator, a first photodetector, a second photodetector, a third photodetector, a fourth photodetector, a fourth reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, a first filter amplifier, a second filter amplifier, a third filter amplifier, a fourth filter amplifier and a data acquisition card; the first circulator, the second circulator, the third circulator and the fourth circulator are all provided with a first port, a second port and a third port; The second sensor module includes: an optical fiber temperature sensor probe, and a first reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, a second reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, and a third reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe that are perpendicular to each other; The laser emitted by the tunable laser is divided into four lasers with the same light intensity by a beam splitter and then incident on the first port of the first circulator, the first port of the second circulator, the first port of the third circulator, and the first port of the fourth circulator respectively, and then incident on the first reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, the second reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, the third reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, and the fourth reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe from the second port of the first circulator, the second port of the second circulator, the second port of the third circulator, and the second port of the fourth circulator respectively. The first reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, the second reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, and the third reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe are loaded with electromagnetic pulse signals, and optical signals carrying electromagnetic pulse signals are reflected from the first reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, the second reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, and the third reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe back to the first circulator, the second circulator, and the third circulator. The laser is reflected from the fourth reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe back to the fourth circulator, and the four optical signals are respectively incident on the first photodetector, the second photodetector, the third photodetector, and the fourth photodetector through the third port of the first circulator, the third port of the second circulator, the third port of the third circulator, and the third port of the fourth circulator, respectively. The light intensity signal is converted into a current signal and then transmitted to the corresponding first filter amplifier, the second filter amplifier, the third filter amplifier, and the fourth filter amplifier. The current signal is filtered, amplified, and converted into a voltage signal and then transmitted to the data acquisition card. The data acquisition card transmits the collected four voltage signals to the second signal processing and analysis module to obtain measurement information; at the same time, the optical fiber temperature sensor probe measures the external temperature in real time, the data acquisition card collects temperature data information, and transmits it to the second signal processing and analysis module for analysis, and the second signal processing and analysis module transmits the feedback control signal to the tunable laser to control the wavelength of the emitted laser. Wherein, the second signal processing and analysis module includes: an A / D converter, a digital signal processing control chip, a digital filter, a timing controller, a D / A converter and a wavelength controller; the data acquisition card is electrically connected to the A / D converter, the A / D converter is electrically connected to the digital signal processing control chip, the digital signal processing control chip is electrically connected to the digital filter and the D / A converter respectively, the D / A converter is electrically connected to the wavelength controller, the wavelength controller is electrically connected to the tunable laser, and the timing controller is electrically connected to the A / D converter and the digital signal processing control chip respectively; The first reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, the second reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe, the third reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe and the fourth reflective optical electromagnetic pulse sensor probe all include a collimating lens, a polarizing plate, an electro-optical crystal, a wave plate and a reflective plate which are arranged in sequence.

5. A three-dimensional omnidirectional electromagnetic pulse measurement network, characterized in that: include: A data display and storage device, a second signal processing and analysis module as described in claim 4, at least one second sensor module as described in claim 4 and at least one second system integration module as described in claim 4, the number of the second sensor modules and the second system integration modules are the same, the second sensor modules are electrically connected to the second system integration modules one-to-one, each second system integration module is electrically connected to the second signal processing and analysis module respectively, and the second signal processing and analysis module and the data display and storage device are electrically connected.

6. A three-dimensional omnidirectional electromagnetic pulse vehicle-mounted measurement platform, characterized in that: include: A shielded carriage, a data display and storage device, a grounding device, a second signal processing and analysis module as claimed in claim 4, four second sensor modules as claimed in claim 4, and four second system integration modules as claimed in claim 4. Four second sensor modules are respectively installed at the four vertices of the top of the shielded carriage, the second sensor module is electrically connected to the second system integration module one-to-one, and the four second system integration modules are respectively electrically connected to the second signal processing and analysis module. The four second system integration modules, the second signal processing and analysis module, and the data display and storage device are all installed in the shielded carriage.

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