A large-span tunnel lining assembly

Abstract

A large-span tunnel lining assembly includes a waterproof assembly, a prestressed anchor rod and a longitudinal steel pipe, wherein the waterproof assembly includes a first convex shell drainage board, a waterproof board and a second convex shell drainage board; the first convex shell drainage board, the waterproof board and the second convex shell drainage board are fixedly arranged in sequence; the prestressed anchor rod passes through the first convex shell drainage board, the waterproof board and the second convex shell drainage board in sequence and is sealed and anchored on the waterproof assembly; the longitudinal steel pipe is fixedly arranged on the side of the prestressed anchor rod close to the second convex shell drainage board, the waterproof assembly and the plane where the prestressed anchor rod is located are cross sections, and the longitudinal steel pipe forms an angle with the prestressed anchor rod in a direction perpendicular to the cross section. Compared with the prior art, the large-span tunnel lining assembly of the present invention prevents moisture from penetrating into the tunnel from the gap between the anchor rod and the waterproof assembly through the waterproof assembly composed of the convex shell drainage board, thereby improving the tunnel quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of tunnel lining, in particular to a large-span tunnel lining assembly. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of my country's reform and opening up, urban modernization construction has been advancing at a fast pace. In particular, with the development of the economy in recent years, railways and roads have emerged that need to accommodate multiple vehicles traveling side by side at the same time. These railways and roads are equipped with multiple lanes, and correspondingly, large-span tunnels are required. Furthermore, after the tunnel is excavated, the original balance of the strata around the tunnel is destroyed, causing the tunnel to deform or collapse. In order to protect the stability of the surrounding rock and ensure driving safety, the tunnel must have a support structure with sufficient strength, so tunnel lining construction is necessary. Tunnel lining is a permanent support structure built with reinforced concrete and other materials along the periphery of the tunnel body to prevent deformation or collapse of the surrounding rock. Different lining forms can be used in different surrounding rocks. The most commonly used lining form is composite lining.

[0003] See also Figure 1 The composite lining structure in the tunnel comprises a primary lining layer 1, a secondary lining layer 2, a waterproof layer 3, a drainage hole 4, a plurality of anchor rods 5 and a plurality of steel bars 6. The primary lining layer 1 is composed of concrete and laid on the surrounding rock 7, with a thickness of 5 to 20 cm. The secondary lining layer 2 is arranged on the side of the primary lining layer 1 away from the surrounding rock 7. The waterproof layer 3 is made of waterproof material and is arranged between the primary lining layer 1 and the secondary lining layer 2 to prevent water on the surrounding rock 7 from seeping into the tunnel. The drainage hole 4 penetrates the primary lining layer 1, the secondary lining layer 2 and the waterproof layer 3 and guides the water accumulated on the waterproof layer 3 to the surrounding rock 7. The anchor rod 5 is connected between the secondary lining layer 2 and the surrounding rock 7, and the anchor rod 5 passes through the secondary lining layer 2, the waterproof layer 3 and the primary lining layer 1 in sequence and is fixed in the surrounding rock 7. Preferably, the plurality of anchor rods 5 are evenly distributed in the tunnel. The steel bar 6 extends longitudinally along the tunnel and is fixed on one end of the anchor rod 5 away from the surrounding rock 7 .

[0004] It can be seen from the above-mentioned composite lining structure that after the anchor rod passes through the waterproof layer, water will penetrate into the secondary lining layer 2 from the gap between the anchor rod and the waterproof layer, and then enter the tunnel, causing the tunnel to leak, thereby affecting the tunnel quality. In addition, for large-span tunnels, such as tunnels with a span greater than 20m, the cross-sectional shape of the tunnel is mostly flat and the span is very large, so the structural stress resistance is poor. Moreover, the cross-sectional shape of the anchor rod and the steel bar in the lining structure is mostly circular, that is, the anchor rod and the steel bar are connected in a point contact manner, which is unstable. Especially for tunnels with poor structural stress resistance, the steel bar is easy to loosen from the anchor rod during construction and after completion, thereby causing the overturning of the entire structural steel bar, resulting in quality defects in construction, extended construction period and safety risks. Summary of the invention

[0005] Based on this, an object of the present invention is to provide a large-span tunnel lining assembly to improve tunnel quality.

[0006] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A large-span tunnel lining assembly, comprising a waterproof assembly, a prestressed anchor rod and a longitudinal steel pipe;

[0008] The waterproof assembly includes a first convex shell drainage board, a waterproof board and a second convex shell drainage board; the first convex shell drainage board, the waterproof board and the second convex shell drainage board are fixedly arranged in sequence;

[0009] The prestressed anchor rod passes through the first convex shell drainage board, the waterproof board and the second convex shell drainage board in sequence and is sealed and anchored on the waterproof assembly;

[0010] The longitudinal steel pipe is fixedly arranged on one side of the prestressed anchor rod close to the second convex shell drainage plate, the waterproof component and the plane where the prestressed anchor rod are located are cross-sections, and the longitudinal steel pipe forms an angle with the prestressed anchor rod in a direction perpendicular to the cross-section.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the large-span tunnel lining assembly of the present invention is provided with a double-layer convex shell drain board. The double-layer convex shell drain board has good drainage performance. After the water infiltrated from the surrounding rock is drained by the first layer of convex shell drain board, the remaining small amount of water is blocked by the sealed lining layer and drained by the second layer of drain board, thereby reducing the possibility of water entering the tunnel, thereby improving the tunnel quality.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a fixing ring, which is fixed at a fixed position where the longitudinal steel pipe and the prestressed anchor rod intersect to reinforce the connection between the longitudinal steel pipe and the prestressed anchor rod. The fixing ring performs secondary fixing on the longitudinal steel pipe, thereby reinforcing it.

[0013] Furthermore, the fixing ring is provided with a curved portion, the longitudinal steel pipe is located in the curved portion, and both ends of the fixing ring are fixed on the prestressed anchor rod.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a steel bar positioning device, the steel bar positioning device is connected to one end of the prestressed anchor rod close to the second convex shell drainage plate, the steel bar positioning device is provided with a bending structure, and the longitudinal steel pipe is arranged in the bending structure of the steel bar positioning device; the fixing ring is fixed on the steel bar positioning device and presses the longitudinal steel pipe. The steel bar positioning device pre-positions the longitudinal steel pipe for construction.

[0015] Furthermore, the steel bar positioning device includes a sleeve, a steel bar positioning hook and a mounting screw; one end of the sleeve is connected to the prestressed anchor rod, and the other end is provided with a screw hole extending radially and penetrating the wall of the sleeve; the steel bar positioning hook is provided with a curved structure, and the curved structure of the steel bar positioning hook is provided with an annular groove near the sleeve; the mounting screw is screwed into the screw hole of the sleeve and then inserted into the annular groove of the steel bar positioning hook. The steel bar positioning hook can rotate relative to the sleeve to facilitate the angle adjustment between the prestressed anchor rod and the longitudinal steel bar.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes a fixing screw; coaxial fixing ring mounting screw holes are provided on the fixing ring and the steel bar positioning hook, and the fixing ring is fixed to the steel bar positioning hook by screwing the fixing screw into the fixing ring mounting screw hole.

[0017] Furthermore, the sleeve has an inner thread at one end close to the prestressed anchor rod; the prestressed anchor rod has an outer thread at one side close to the sleeve, and the sleeve is connected to the prestressed anchor rod through threads. The use of screw fixing and threading and other connection methods can avoid the high temperature generated during welding from causing the waterproof board to burn, thereby improving safety.

[0018] Furthermore, it also includes lining steel bars, which are fixed on the longitudinal steel pipes.

[0019] Furthermore, the lining steel bars include a first lining steel bar, a second lining steel bar and a hook bar; the first lining steel bar is fixed on the longitudinal steel pipe; the second lining steel bar is fixed on a side of the first lining steel bar away from the waterproof component; hooks are provided at both ends of the hook bar and are hooked between the first lining steel bar and the second lining steel bar.

[0020] Furthermore, the first lining steel bar is fixed on the longitudinal steel pipe; both ends of the hook bar have hooks, one end of which is hooked on the first lining steel bar; and the second lining steel bar is hooked on the other end of the hook bar.

[0021] For better understanding and implementation, the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a composite lining in the prior art;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a large-span tunnel lining assembly in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional shape of the convex shell type drainage board in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the steel bar positioning device in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the steel bar positioning device in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The large-span tunnel lining assembly of the present invention prevents moisture from penetrating into the tunnel from the gap between the anchor rod and the waterproof assembly through a waterproof assembly composed of a double-layer convex shell-type drainage board, thereby improving the tunnel quality.

[0028] Specifically, see Figure 2The large-span tunnel lining assembly of the present invention comprises a waterproof assembly 10, a prestressed anchor rod 20, a longitudinal steel pipe 30, a fixing ring 40 and a lining steel bar 50. The waterproof assembly 10 is arranged between the primary lining layer 1 and the secondary lining layer 2. The prestressed anchor rod 20 is connected between the secondary lining layer 2 and the surrounding rock 7, and sequentially passes through the secondary lining layer 2, the waterproof assembly 10 and the primary lining layer 1 and then is inserted into the surrounding rock 7. The prestressed anchor rod 20 and the waterproof assembly 10 are sealed by concrete. The plane where the waterproof assembly 10 and the prestressed anchor rod 20 are located is a cross section, and the longitudinal direction of the tunnel is perpendicular to the cross section; the longitudinal steel pipe 30 is fixed to the end of the prestressed anchor rod 20 away from the surrounding rock 7 by welding or the like, and forms an angle with the prestressed anchor rod 20 in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel; preferably, the longitudinal steel pipe 30 extends in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel and forms an angle of 90 degrees with the prestressed anchor rod 20. The fixing ring 40 is a semi-circular steel sleeve, and its curved portion is sleeved outside the longitudinal steel pipe 30 to press the longitudinal steel pipe 30 onto the prestressed anchor rod 20. The fixing ring 40 is fixed to the prestressed anchor rod 20 by welding or other means. The fixing ring 40 is provided to reinforce and position the longitudinal steel pipe 30. The lining steel bar 50 is a flexible steel bar, which is fixed to the longitudinal steel pipe 30 by binding or welding. Preferably, multiple prestressed anchor rods 20 are evenly arranged in the same cross section according to the cross-sectional shape of the tunnel to evenly bear the force. Each prestressed anchor rod 20 is installed with a longitudinal steel pipe 30, and the lining steel bar 50 is connected between adjacent longitudinal steel pipes 30 to form an annular structure.

[0029] See also Figure 3, the waterproof assembly 10 includes a first convex shell drain board 100, a waterproof board 110 and a second convex shell drain board 120. The first convex shell drain board 100, the waterproof board 110 and the second convex shell drain board 120 are arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside of the tunnel. The first convex shell drain board 100 is laid on the primary lining layer 1 and is away from the surrounding rock 7. The second convex shell drain board 120 is laid opposite to the first convex shell drain board 100 and is close to the secondary lining layer 2. The waterproof board 110 is fixed between the first convex shell drain board 100 and the second convex shell drain board 120. In addition, drainage holes (not shown) for draining water to the surrounding rock 7 are also provided on the first convex shell drain board 100, the waterproof board 110 and the second convex shell drain board 120. The water coming from the surrounding rock 7 and penetrating along the prestressed anchor rod 20 first passes through the first convex shell drainage board 100, and most of the water is drained to the drainage hole by the grooves on the inner and outer sides of the first convex shell drainage board 100. The remaining small amount of water penetrates into the second convex shell drainage board 120. Due to the sealing effect of concrete and the drainage effect of the second convex shell drainage board 120, the water is further drained along the second convex shell drainage board 120 to the drainage hole, thereby preventing the water from entering the tunnel. In this embodiment, the convex shell drainage board adopts a HDPE convex shell drainage board with a convex height and width of 2 cm and a thickness of 1.5 mm, a longitudinal width of 1 m, and is laid in a whole ring on the inner wall of the tunnel.

[0030] The lining steel bar 50 includes a first lining steel bar 500, a second lining steel bar 510 and a hook bar 520. The first lining steel bar 500 is fixed to the longitudinal steel pipe 30, the second lining steel bar 510 is fixed to the side of the first lining steel bar 500 away from the waterproof assembly 10, and the hook bar 520 is located between the first lining steel bar 500 and the second lining steel bar 510. In one embodiment, the first lining steel bar 500 is fixed to the longitudinal steel pipe 30 by tying or welding, the second lining steel bar 510 is fixed to the prestressed anchor rod 20 by tying or welding, and hooks are provided at both ends of the hook bar 520 and are hooked between the first lining steel bar 500 and the second lining steel bar 510 to enhance the stabilization effect. In another embodiment, the first lining steel bar 500 is fixed to the longitudinal steel pipe 30 on one side close to the waterproof assembly 10 by binding or welding, and hooks are provided at both ends of the hook bar 510, one end of which is hooked on the first lining steel bar 500, and the second lining steel bar 510 is hooked on the hook at the other end of the hook bar 510 to enhance the stabilization effect. Preferably, the number of the hook bars 520 is more than 2.

[0031] See also Figure 4In order to facilitate the pre-positioning of the longitudinal steel pipe 30 and the construction work, a steel bar positioning device 60 is also provided. The steel bar positioning device 60 is installed at one end of the prestressed anchor rod 20 close to the second convex shell drainage plate 120 and is provided with a curved structure. The longitudinal steel pipe 30 is installed in the curved structure of the steel bar positioning device 60 and is compressed by the fixing ring 40. The fixing ring 40 is fixed to the steel bar positioning device 60 and forms an annular structure with the curved structure of the steel bar positioning device 60. Accordingly, the end of the prestressed anchor rod 20 close to the second convex shell drainage plate 120 is provided with an external thread or a clamping structure to facilitate connection with the steel bar positioning device 60. Among them, please refer to Figure 5The steel bar positioning device 60 includes a sleeve 600, a steel bar positioning hook 610 and a mounting screw 620. The sleeve 600 is a cylindrical body, one end of which is connected to the prestressed anchor rod 20 through a thread or a clamping device, and the other end is connected to the steel bar positioning hook 610 through the mounting screw 620. In this embodiment, an internal thread is provided at one end of the sleeve 600 connected to the prestressed anchor rod 20, and an external thread is provided at one end of the prestressed anchor rod 20 close to the second convex shell drainage plate 120 and threadedly connected to the internal thread of the sleeve 600. The other end of the sleeve 600 is provided with a screw hole 601 for installing the mounting screw 620, and the screw hole 601 extends along the radial direction of the sleeve 600 and passes through the wall of the sleeve; preferably, a plurality of screw holes 601 are provided on the sleeve 600, and the screw holes 601 are symmetrically distributed. In this embodiment, the number of the screw holes 601 is 4 and the axial angle between two adjacent screw holes 601 is 90 degrees. The steel bar positioning hook 610 is provided with a curved structure, and straight rod portions 612 are provided on both sides of the curved structure of the steel bar positioning hook 610, wherein the straight rod portion 612 on one side is inserted into the end of the sleeve 600 away from the prestressed anchor rod 20, and an annular groove 611 is provided on the straight rod portion close to the side of the sleeve 600, and the mounting screw 620 is screwed into the screw hole 601 and then inserted into the annular groove 611 to connect the sleeve 600 with the steel bar positioning hook 610, the steel bar positioning hook 610 is movably connected to the sleeve 600 and can rotate around the axis of the sleeve 600 to facilitate the position adjustment as needed, preferably, in the axial direction of the mounting screw 620, there is a gap between the end face of the mounting screw 620 and the annular groove 611 to facilitate the rotation of the steel bar positioning hook 610 relative to the sleeve 600. The longitudinal steel pipe 30 is arranged in the curved part of the steel bar positioning hook 610 for pre-positioning. The longitudinal steel pipe 30 is in surface contact with the steel bar positioning hook 610. Compared with the point contact connection between the anchor rod and the steel bar, the stability of the connection is improved, and the longitudinal steel pipe 30 can be pre-positioned during the construction process to improve the convenience of the next step of connecting with the fixing ring 40; the fixing ring 40 is fixed to the steel bar positioning hook 610 by welding or the like to form an annular structure for installing the longitudinal steel pipe 30, and the longitudinal steel pipe 30 is clamped in the annular structure; preferably, the curved part of the fixing ring 40 is aligned with the curved part of the steel bar positioning hook 610, and further, the diameter of the annular structure is equal to the diameter of the longitudinal steel pipe 30 to clamp the longitudinal steel pipe 30.In this embodiment, fixing screws 630 are provided, mounting parts are provided on both sides of the curved part of the fixing ring 40, the straight rod part of the steel bar positioning hook 610 contacts the mounting part of the fixing ring 40, and the parts where the straight rod part of the steel bar positioning hook 610 contacts the mounting part of the fixing ring 40 are respectively provided with coaxial fixing ring mounting screw holes (not shown), and the screws 630 are screwed into the fixing ring mounting screw holes to fix the fixing ring 40 to the steel bar positioning hook 610. Since the waterproof board is mostly made of flammable materials, if the waterproof board is too close to the waterproof board during welding, the sparks generated by welding or the high temperature generated during welding can easily cause the waterproof board to burn, which brings certain safety hazards. Therefore, compared with the welding connection method, the screw connection method can avoid the burning of the waterproof board caused by high temperature, thereby improving safety.

[0032] Based on the structure of the above-mentioned large-span tunnel lining assembly, the construction process of its laying is described in detail below, including the following steps:

[0033] Embodiment 1:

[0034] First, the primary lining layer 1 is laid on the surrounding rock 7. Then, the first convex shell drain board 100, the waterproof board 110 and the second convex shell drain board 120 are laid in sequence on the side of the primary lining layer 1 away from the surrounding rock 7, and the waterproof board 110 is fixed between the first convex shell drain board 100 and the second convex shell drain board 120. Preferably, in the tunnel cross section, the first convex shell drain board 100, the waterproof board 110 and the second convex shell drain board 120 are laid all around the inner wall of the tunnel. In this embodiment, the waterproof board 110 is a 1.5 mm thick EVA waterproof board, and is ultrasonically welded between the first convex shell drain board 100 and the second convex shell drain board 120.

[0035] Next, a positioning hole is drilled on the second convex shell drainage board 120, and the positioning hole simultaneously passes through the second convex shell drainage board 120, the waterproof board 110, the first convex shell drainage board 100, the primary lining layer 1 and the surrounding rock 7. In this embodiment, the positioning holes are drilled at a ring longitudinal spacing of 5m×5m, and the diameter of the drill bit used for drilling is φ32mm.

[0036] Next, one end of the prestressed anchor rod 20 is inserted into the positioning hole until it reaches the surrounding rock 7, and the other end is exposed outside the waterproof component 10. After insertion, the prestressed anchor rod 20 is grouted with concrete or the like, and it is ensured that the gaps inside the prestressed anchor rod 20, between the prestressed anchor rod 20 and the primary lining layer 1, between the prestressed anchor rod 20 and the surrounding rock 7, and between the prestressed anchor rod 20 and the waterproof component 10 are filled with concrete slurry, thereby achieving sealed anchoring of the prestressed anchor rod 20. In this embodiment, the diameter of the prestressed anchor rod 20 is φ25 mm, the length is 5 m, and the total length of the anchor rod 20 anchored in the surrounding rock 7 and the primary lining layer 1 is not less than 4.5 m.

[0037] Next, the longitudinal steel pipe 30 is fixed to the prestressed anchor rod 20 by means of electric heat welding or the like, and at least one longitudinal steel pipe 30 is fixedly installed on each prestressed anchor rod 20. Preferably, in the extension direction of the longitudinal steel pipe 30, the longitudinal steel pipe 30 is fixed on two adjacent prestressed anchor rods 20. In this embodiment, the longitudinal steel pipe 30 has a diameter of φ89 mm, a wall thickness of 40 mm, and a longitudinal length of 9 m.

[0038] Next, the fixing ring 40 is sleeved outside the fixed position where the longitudinal steel pipe 30 and the prestressed anchor rod 20 intersect by electric heat welding or the like to fix and press the longitudinal steel pipe 30 to the prestressed anchor rod 20, thereby realizing secondary reinforcement of the longitudinal steel pipe 30 on the prestressed anchor rod 20. Preferably, the fixing ring 40 is provided at the fixing point of each longitudinal steel pipe 30 on each prestressed anchor rod 20. In this embodiment, the fixing ring 40 is made of a steel bar with a diameter of φ14 mm and a length of 30 cm, bent into a semi-circular shape. During installation, the longitudinal steel pipe 30 is located inside the fixing ring 40 and its two ends are welded to the prestressed anchor rod 20.

[0039] Next, the first lining steel bar 500 is tied to the longitudinal steel pipe 30. The hook at one end of the hook bar 510 hooks the first lining steel bar 500, and the hook at the other end of the hook bar 510 hooks the second lining steel bar 510, thereby achieving the installation of the first lining steel bar 500 and the second lining steel bar 510.

[0040] Next, the secondary lining layer 2 is laid, and the exposed ends of the prestressed anchor rods 20 , the longitudinal steel pipes 30 , the fixing rings 40 and the lining steel bars 50 are all located in the secondary lining layer 2 .

[0041] Embodiment 2:

[0042] First, the primary lining layer 1 is laid on the surrounding rock 7. Then, the first convex shell drain board 100, the waterproof board 110 and the second convex shell drain board 120 are laid in sequence on the side of the primary lining layer 1 away from the surrounding rock 7, and the waterproof board 110 is fixed between the first convex shell drain board 100 and the second convex shell drain board 120. Preferably, in the tunnel cross section, the first convex shell drain board 100, the waterproof board 110 and the second convex shell drain board 120 are laid all around the inner wall of the tunnel. In this embodiment, the waterproof board 110 is a 1.5 mm thick EVA waterproof board, and is ultrasonically welded between the first convex shell drain board 100 and the second convex shell drain board 120.

[0043] Next, a positioning hole is drilled on the second convex shell drainage board 120, and the positioning hole simultaneously passes through the second convex shell drainage board 120, the waterproof board 110, the first convex shell drainage board 100, the primary lining layer 1 and the surrounding rock 7. In this embodiment, the positioning holes are drilled at a ring longitudinal spacing of 5m×5m, and the diameter of the drill bit used for drilling is φ32mm.

[0044] Next, insert one end of the prestressed anchor rod 20 into the positioning hole until it reaches the surrounding rock 7, and the other end with external threads is exposed outside the waterproof component 10. After insertion, the prestressed anchor rod 20 is grouted with concrete or the like, and it is ensured that the gaps inside the prestressed anchor rod 20, between the prestressed anchor rod 20 and the primary lining layer 1, between the prestressed anchor rod 20 and the surrounding rock 7, and between the prestressed anchor rod 20 and the waterproof component 10 are filled with concrete slurry, thereby achieving sealed anchoring of the prestressed anchor rod 20. In this embodiment, the diameter of the prestressed anchor rod 20 is φ25 mm, the length is 5 m, and the total length of the anchor rod 20 anchored in the surrounding rock 7 and the primary lining layer 1 is not less than 4.5 m.

[0045] Next, the sleeve 600 having the screw hole 601 on one side is sleeved on the steel bar positioning hook 610 , and the mounting screw 620 is screwed into the screw hole 601 and inserted into the annular groove 611 , thereby achieving the installation of the sleeve 600 and the steel bar positioning hook 610 .

[0046] Next, the longitudinal steel pipe 30 is placed in the curved portion of the steel bar positioning hook 610, the fixing ring 40 is pressed on the longitudinal steel pipe 30, and then the fixing ring 40 is fixed to the steel bar positioning hook 610 by welding to form a structural assembly (not shown) for carrying the longitudinal steel pipe 30, that is, the structural assembly includes the sleeve 600, the steel bar positioning hook 610, the mounting screw 620 and the fixing ring 40. Preferably, two groups of the structural assembly are arranged on the longitudinal steel pipe 30.

[0047] Alternatively, the longitudinal steel pipe 30 is placed in the curved portion of the steel bar positioning hook 610, the straight rod portion of the steel bar positioning hook 610 is brought into contact with the mounting portion of the fixing ring 40, the fixing ring mounting screw holes are aligned with each other, the longitudinal steel pipe 30 is located between the steel bar positioning hook 610 and the curved portion of the fixing ring 40, the screw 630 is screwed into the fixing ring mounting screw hole to fix the fixing ring 40 to the steel bar positioning hook 610, thereby forming a structural assembly (not shown) for carrying the longitudinal steel pipe 30, that is, the structural assembly includes the sleeve 600, the steel bar positioning hook 610, the mounting screw 620, the fixing ring 40 and the screw 630. Preferably, two groups of the structural assembly are provided on the longitudinal steel pipe 30.

[0048] Next, the end of the sleeve 600 with the internal thread is connected to the end of the prestressed anchor rod 20 with the external thread, and the structural assembly is installed on the prestressed anchor rod 20 together with the longitudinal steel pipe 30 as a whole. Since the sleeve 600 and the steel bar positioning hook 610 are movably connected, the angle of the steel bar positioning hook 610 can be adjusted as needed during the installation of the sleeve 600 on the prestressed anchor rod 20. The construction method of installing the structural assembly and the longitudinal steel pipe 30 as a whole on the prestressed anchor rod 20 can reduce the number of parts installed by construction personnel at high altitudes, reduce high-altitude operations, and thus improve the convenience of construction.

[0049] Next, the first lining steel bar 500 is tied to the longitudinal steel pipe 30. The hook at one end of the hook bar 510 hooks the first lining steel bar 500, and the hook at the other end of the hook bar 510 hooks the second lining steel bar 510, thereby achieving the installation of the first lining steel bar 500 and the second lining steel bar 510.

[0050] Next, the secondary lining layer 2 is laid, and the exposed ends of the prestressed anchor rods 20 , the longitudinal steel pipes 30 , the fixing rings 40 and the lining steel bars 50 are all located in the secondary lining layer 2 .

[0051] Compared with the prior art, the present invention prevents moisture from entering the tunnel through a double-layer convex shell drainage board, reduces water leakage in the tunnel, and improves the quality of the tunnel. In addition, a fixing ring is used for secondary reinforcement to prevent the longitudinal steel pipe from falling off the prestressed anchor rod, stabilize the shape of the tunnel lining, prevent the collapse of the frame, and ensure the construction quality and site safety. Furthermore, a steel bar positioning device is provided to facilitate the pre-positioning of the longitudinal steel pipe, and the sleeve, steel bar positioning hook, mounting screw, fixing ring, etc. are installed as a whole to the prestressed anchor rod for construction, and high-temperature welding operations are reduced during the installation process, reducing the possibility of burning of the waterproof board, thereby improving the safety of construction.

[0052] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the description is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this field, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A large-span tunnel lining assembly, comprising a waterproof assembly, a prestressed anchor rod, a longitudinal steel pipe, a fixing ring, a steel bar positioning device and fixing screws, characterized in that: The waterproof assembly includes a first convex shell drainage board, a waterproof board and a second convex shell drainage board; the first convex shell drainage board, the waterproof board and the second convex shell drainage board are fixedly arranged in sequence; The prestressed anchor rod passes through the first convex shell drainage board, the waterproof board and the second convex shell drainage board in sequence and is sealed and anchored on the waterproof assembly; The longitudinal steel pipe is fixedly arranged on one side of the prestressed anchor rod close to the second convex shell drainage plate, the waterproof component and the plane where the prestressed anchor rod are located are cross sections, and the longitudinal steel pipe forms an angle with the prestressed anchor rod in a direction perpendicular to the cross section; The fixing ring is fixed at a fixed position where the longitudinal steel pipe intersects with the prestressed anchor rod to strengthen the connection between the longitudinal steel pipe and the prestressed anchor rod; The steel bar positioning device is connected to one end of the prestressed anchor rod near the second convex shell drainage plate, and includes a sleeve, a steel bar positioning hook and a mounting screw; one end of the sleeve is connected to the prestressed anchor rod, and the other end is provided with a screw hole extending radially and penetrating the cylinder wall; the steel bar positioning hook is provided with a curved structure, and the curved structure of the steel bar positioning hook is provided with an annular groove on one side close to the sleeve; the mounting screw is screwed into the screw hole of the sleeve and then inserted into the annular groove of the steel bar positioning hook; coaxial fixing ring mounting screw holes are provided on the fixing ring and the steel bar positioning hook at the same time, and the fixing ring is fixed to the steel bar positioning hook by screwing the fixing screw into the fixing ring mounting screw hole; an internal thread is provided at one end of the sleeve close to the prestressed anchor rod; an external thread is provided on the side of the prestressed anchor rod close to the sleeve, and the sleeve is connected to the prestressed anchor rod by threads; the longitudinal steel pipe is arranged in the curved structure of the steel bar positioning hook; the fixing ring is fixed on the steel bar positioning device and presses the longitudinal steel pipe.

2. The long-span tunnel lining assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes lining steel bars, which are fixed on the longitudinal steel pipes.

3. The long-span tunnel lining assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lining steel bars include a first lining steel bar, a second lining steel bar and a hook bar; the first lining steel bar is fixed on the longitudinal steel pipe; the second lining steel bar is fixed on the side of the first lining steel bar away from the waterproof component; hooks are provided at both ends of the hook bar and are hooked between the first lining steel bar and the second lining steel bar.

4. The long-span tunnel lining assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first lining steel bar is fixed on the longitudinal steel pipe; both ends of the hook bar are provided with hooks, one end of which is hooked on the first lining steel bar; the second lining steel bar is hooked on the other end of the hook bar.

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