High-speed polishing wheel with adjustable security mechanism

Abstract

In the adjustable security mechanism structure of the high-speed polishing wheel disclosed by the present invention, the cup-shaped grinding wheel is installed on the base through a pressure plate, and the base is installed on the rotating shaft of the grinding machine through a transition flange. The structure also includes a protective sleeve mounted on the transition flange, the base and the cup-shaped grinding wheel. The protective sleeve is positioned and installed on the transition flange or the base. There is a clearance fit between the protective sleeve and the cup-shaped grinding wheel. An axial sliding structure that can transmit torque is provided between the protective sleeve and the transition flange, or between the protective sleeve and the base. The relative position between the protective sleeve and the cup-shaped grinding wheel can be adjusted by the axial sliding structure to provide radial support and protection for the high-speed rotating cup-shaped grinding wheel. In the protection position, the extension amount of the front end of the cup-shaped grinding wheel exposed from the protective sleeve is greater than the maximum elastic deformation of the grinding wheel during polishing but less than 0.1L~0.3L, and L is the length of the grinding wheel that bursts during unprotected high-speed processing. L is obtained based on the use parameters of the grinding wheel and through a rotation strength test.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a grinding protection technology, in particular to an adjustable safety mechanism for a high-speed polishing wheel. Background Art

[0002] Cup-shaped polishing wheels are usually made of organic binders. Due to factors such as high abrasive concentration, low binder strength, and pore structure that damages the strength of the grinding wheel, they have low rotational strength and are only suitable for low-speed polishing. During high-speed polishing, the grinding wheel is prone to bursting due to the combined effects of grinding force, centrifugal force and grinding heat, endangering the safety of personnel.

[0003] With the advancement of industry technology and the improvement of production efficiency requirements, the processing of polishing wheels is bound to develop in the direction of high-speed processing. The existing technology mainly focuses on improving the strength of the polishing wheel itself:

[0004] 1. Select a high-strength binder to improve the pore structure.

[0005] 2. Reduce the stress on the polishing wheel during operation by improving cooling conditions.

[0006] 3. Use some auxiliary means when connecting, such as adding adhesive matrix to make up for the strength.

[0007] The above methods are difficult to meet the requirements of polishing under high-speed conditions due to the limited extent of improving the rotation intensity of the grinding wheel. Summary of the invention

[0008] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention proposes an adjustable safety mechanism for a high-speed polishing wheel for preventing the polishing wheel from bursting during high-speed polishing operations.

[0009] An adjustable security mechanism for a high-speed polishing wheel capable of solving the above-mentioned technical problems, wherein a technical solution 1 comprises a cup-shaped grinding wheel, wherein the cup-shaped grinding wheel is coaxially mounted on a base through a pressure plate, and the base is coaxially mounted on a transition flange. The difference is that the mechanism also comprises a protective sleeve coaxially mounted on the transition flange, the base and the cup-shaped grinding wheel, wherein the protective sleeve is positioned and mounted on the transition flange or the base, wherein the protective sleeve and the cup-shaped grinding wheel are clearance-fitted, and an axial sliding structure capable of transmitting torque is provided between the protective sleeve and the transition flange, or between the protective sleeve and the base. The relative position between the protective sleeve and the cup-shaped grinding wheel can be adjusted by the axial sliding structure to provide radial support and protection for the high-speed rotating cup-shaped grinding wheel. In the protection position, the protrusion of the front end (i.e., the grinding surface) of the cup-shaped grinding wheel exposed from the protective sleeve is greater than the maximum elastic deformation of the grinding wheel during polishing but less than 0.1L to 0.3L, wherein L is the length of the grinding wheel when it bursts during unprotected high-speed processing, and L is obtained based on the use parameters of the grinding wheel and through a rotation strength test.

[0010] In the special case that the ring diameter of the base body is larger than the ring diameter of the cup-shaped grinding wheel, the sleeve opening of the protective sleeve is provided with a ring sleeve which is gap-matched with the cup-shaped grinding wheel.

[0011] Furthermore, the ring sleeve is a structure connected with the protective sleeve or a separate structure installed on the protective sleeve by screws evenly distributed around the circumference.

[0012] Furthermore, the cup-shaped grinding wheel is an integral structure or a split structure composed of radial wheel pieces evenly distributed around the circumference.

[0013] Conventionally, the axial sliding structure is a matching structure of a spline shaft and a spline sleeve or a matching structure of a pin shaft and a sliding groove.

[0014] The adjustable security mechanism for a high-speed polishing wheel that can solve the above-mentioned technical problems, technical solution 2 thereof includes a cup-shaped grinding wheel, which is coaxially mounted on a base through a pressure plate, and the base is coaxially mounted on a transition flange. The difference is that it also includes a non-powered protective sleeve that is fixedly arranged and coaxially sleeved on the base and the cup-shaped grinding wheel, and there is a clearance fit between the protective sleeve and the base and the cup-shaped grinding wheel. The base can move forward and backward in the protective sleeve to adjust the relative position between the protective sleeve and the cup-shaped grinding wheel to provide radial support and protection for the high-speed rotating cup-shaped grinding wheel. In the protection position, the amount of the front end of the cup-shaped grinding wheel (i.e., the grinding surface) exposed outside the protective sleeve is greater than the maximum elastic deformation of the grinding wheel during polishing but less than 0.1L~0.3L, and L is the length of the grinding wheel that bursts during unprotected high-speed processing, and L is obtained based on the use parameters of the grinding wheel and through a rotation strength test.

[0015] In the special case that the ring diameter of the base body is larger than the ring diameter of the cup-shaped grinding wheel, the sleeve opening of the protective sleeve is provided with a ring sleeve which is gap-matched with the cup-shaped grinding wheel.

[0016] Furthermore, the ring sleeve is a structure connected with the protective sleeve or a separate structure installed on the protective sleeve by screws evenly distributed around the circumference.

[0017] Furthermore, the cup-shaped grinding wheel is an integral structure or a split structure composed of radial wheel pieces evenly distributed around the circumference.

[0018] Conventionally, the axial sliding structure is a matching structure of a spline shaft and a spline sleeve or a matching structure of a pin shaft and a sliding groove.

[0019] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0020] 1. The high-speed polishing wheel safety adjustment mechanism of the present invention provides radial support and protection for the high-speed rotating cup-shaped grinding wheel by providing a protective sleeve. According to the wear condition of the cup-shaped grinding wheel, the protective sleeve can be axially adjusted with the cup-shaped grinding wheel so that the grinding end face of the cup-shaped grinding wheel is always kept exposed at the sleeve opening of the protective sleeve at a value greater than the maximum elastic deformation during polishing and much smaller than the length of the grinding wheel bursting during unprotected high-speed processing, thereby achieving safety protection for the cup-shaped grinding wheel.

[0021] 2. The present invention can automatically monitor the exposure amount of the grinding end face of the cup grinding wheel through monitoring technical means and adjustment devices, provide alarm or automatic control signals, and realize semi-automatic or automatic adjustment, thereby greatly improving convenience and reducing labor costs.

[0022] 3. The present invention also helps to increase the service life of the polishing wheel, reduce production costs, greatly improve production efficiency, and easily improve polishing quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is an axonometric drawing of the technical solution of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The internal structure diagram of the first implementation of the technical solution shows that the cup-shaped grinding wheel has the same diameter as the base.

[0025] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The internal structure diagram of the first implementation mode of the technical solution shows that the outer diameter of the cup-shaped grinding wheel is larger than the outer diameter of the substrate.

[0026] Figure 4 for Figure 1 The internal structure diagram of the first implementation of the technical solution shows that the outer diameter of the cup-shaped grinding wheel is smaller than the outer diameter of the substrate.

[0027] Figure 5 for Figure 1 The internal structure diagram of the second implementation method of the technical solution shows that the cup-shaped grinding wheel has the same diameter as the base.

[0028] Figure 6 for Figure 1 The internal structure diagram of the second implementation of the technical solution shows that the outer diameter of the cup-shaped grinding wheel is larger than the outer diameter of the substrate.

[0029] Figure 7 for Figure 1 The internal structure diagram of the second implementation of the technical solution shows that the outer diameter of the cup-shaped grinding wheel is smaller than the outer diameter of the substrate.

[0030] Figure 8 for Figure 1The internal structure diagram of the third implementation mode of the technical solution shows that the cup-shaped grinding wheel has the same diameter as the base.

[0031] Fig. 9 for Figure 1 The internal structure diagram of the third implementation mode of the technical solution shows that the outer diameter of the cup-shaped grinding wheel is smaller than the outer diameter of the substrate.

[0032] Fig.10 for Figure 1 The internal structure diagram of the third implementation mode of the technical solution shows that the outer diameter of the cup-shaped grinding wheel is larger than the outer diameter of the substrate.

[0033] Fig.11 for Figure 8 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10 Implementation diagram of a deformable structure protective cover.

[0034] Figure number identification: 1. Base; 2. Pressure plate; 3. Cup grinding wheel; 4. Protective sleeve; 4-1. Ring sleeve; 4-2. Fork groove; 5. Transition flange; 6. Axial sliding structure; 7. Screw; 8. Bearing assembly; 9. Workpiece; 10. Machine base. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0036] The high-speed polishing wheel of the present invention has an adjustable security mechanism, including a cup-shaped grinding wheel 3 and a protective cover 4. The cup-shaped grinding wheel 3 is an integral structure or a split structure composed of radial wheel pieces uniformly distributed around the circumference. The rear portion of the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3 is coaxially embedded in a corresponding annular groove on the end face of a base 1, and the front portion of the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3 is exposed outside the base 1. A pressure plate 2 is coaxially placed at the bottom of the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3 and the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3 is fixed to the base 1 by screws uniformly distributed around the circumference. The base 1 is coaxially mounted on the end face of a transition flange 5 by a central bolt, and the transition flange 5 is coaxially mounted on the rotating shaft of a grinding machine. The grinding machine is mounted on a machine base 10, and a power mechanism arranged on the machine base 10 drives the grinding wheel motor to move forward and backward to realize the polishing wheel assembly (base 1 and The cup-shaped grinding wheel 3 is fed and returned, and the rotating shaft drives the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3 to rotate at a high speed through the base 1 to polish the end face of the workpiece 9; the protective sleeve 4 is sleeved on the transition flange 5, the base 1 and the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3 or sleeved on the base 1 and the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3 to radially support the part of the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3 exposed from the base 1. During the high-speed polishing operation, the grinding end of the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3 is exposed to the length H of the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3. The extension amount of the front end (i.e., the grinding surface) of the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3 exposed from the protective sleeve 4 is greater than the maximum elastic deformation of the grinding wheel during polishing and less than 0.1L~0.3L. The L is the length of the grinding wheel that bursts during unprotected high-speed processing. L is obtained according to the use parameters of the grinding wheel and through the rotation strength test, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10 shown.

[0037] The portion of the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3 exposed from the base 1 has three structural forms:

[0038] 1. In the conventional structure, the outer diameter of the front portion of the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3 is equal to the outer diameter of the base 1, that is, the outer ring of the front portion of the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3 and the outer ring of the base 1 are on the same annular surface. Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 8 shown.

[0039] 2. In the first special structure, the outer diameter of the front part of the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3 is larger than the outer diameter of the base 1, that is, the outer ring of the front part of the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3 and the outer ring of the base 1 are on a stepped annular surface with a larger front and a smaller back. Figure 3 , Figure 6 , Fig. 9 shown.

[0040] 3. In the second special structure, the outer diameter of the front part of the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3 is smaller than the outer diameter of the base 1, that is, the outer ring of the front part of the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3 and the outer ring of the base 1 are on a stepped annular surface with a smaller front and a larger rear. Figure 3 , Figure 6 , Fig. 9 shown.

[0041] The protective cover 4 can be designed in a corresponding manner according to the three structural forms of the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3 and the base body 1:

[0042] 1. The structure of the protective sleeve 4 is coaxially mounted with the transition flange 5, the base body 1 and the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3.

[0043] 1. When the outer diameter of the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3 is equal to the outer diameter of the base 1, the rear end sleeve body of the protective sleeve 4 is positioned and installed with the transition flange 5, and an annular fork groove 4-2 connected with the fork (arranged on the frame) is provided on the rear end sleeve body of the protective sleeve 4. The front end sleeve body of the protective sleeve 4 is clearance-matched with the base 1 and the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3. An axial sliding structure 6 (a matching structure of the spline shaft and the spline sleeve) capable of transmitting torque is provided between the protective sleeve 4 and the transition flange 5. The synchronous rotation of the protective sleeve 4 and the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3 can be realized through the axial sliding structure 6. Driven by the fork or driven by the pneumatic mechanism, the relative axial position between the protective sleeve 4 and the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3 can be changed to adjust the protection position of the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3, such as Figure 2 shown.

[0044] 2. When the outer diameter of the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3 is larger than the outer diameter of the base body 1, the rear end sleeve body of the protective sleeve 4 is positioned and installed with the transition flange 5. The rear end sleeve body of the protective sleeve 4 is provided with an annular fork groove 4-2 connected with the shift fork (set on the frame). The front end sleeve body of the protective sleeve 4 is hollow with the base body 1 and has a clearance fit with the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3. An axial sliding structure 6 (a matching structure of the spline shaft and the spline sleeve) that can transmit torque is provided between the protective sleeve 4 and the transition flange 5. The synchronous rotation of the protective sleeve 4 and the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3 can be achieved through the axial sliding structure 6. Driven by the shift fork or driven by the pneumatic mechanism, the relative axial position between the protective sleeve 4 and the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3 can be changed to adjust the protection position of the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3, such as Figure 3 shown.

[0045] 3. When the outer diameter of the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3 is smaller than the outer diameter of the base 1, the rear end sleeve of the protective sleeve 4 is positioned and installed with the transition flange 5. The rear end sleeve of the protective sleeve 4 is provided with an annular fork groove 4-2 connected with the shift fork (set on the frame). The front end sleeve of the protective sleeve 4 is loosely matched with the base 1 and is loosely sleeved on the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3. A coaxial ring sleeve 4-1 is installed in the sleeve opening of the front end sleeve of the protective sleeve 4 through screws 7 evenly distributed around the circumference. The ring sleeve 4-1 is loosely matched with the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3. An axial sliding structure 6 (a matching structure of the spline shaft and the spline sleeve) that can transmit torque is provided between the protective sleeve 4 and the transition flange 5. The synchronous rotation of the protective sleeve 4 and the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3 can be achieved through the axial sliding structure 6. Driven by the shift fork or driven by the pneumatic mechanism, the relative axial position between the protective sleeve 4 and the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3 can be changed to adjust the protection position of the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3, such as Figure 4 shown.

[0046] 4. When the outer diameter of the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3 is equal to the outer diameter of the base 1, the rear end sleeve body of the protective sleeve 4 is hollowly sleeved with the transition flange 5, and the rear end sleeve body of the protective sleeve 4 is provided with an annular fork groove 4-2 connected with the fork (set on the frame), the front end sleeve body of the protective sleeve 4 is positioned and installed with the base 1 and has a clearance fit with the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3, and an axial sliding structure 6 (a matching structure of the spline shaft and the spline sleeve) that can transmit torque is provided between the protective sleeve 4 and the base 1, and the synchronous rotation of the protective sleeve 4 and the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3 can be achieved through the axial sliding structure 6, and the relative axial position between the protective sleeve 4 and the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3 can be changed under the drive of the fork or the pneumatic mechanism to adjust the protection position of the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3, such as Figure 5 shown.

[0047] 5. When the outer diameter of the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3 is larger than the outer diameter of the base 1, the rear end sleeve of the protective sleeve 4 is hollowly sleeved with the transition flange 5, and the rear end sleeve of the protective sleeve 4 is provided with an annular fork groove 4-2 connected with the shift fork (set on the frame), the rear sleeve opening of the front end sleeve of the protective sleeve 4 is positioned and installed with the base 1, and the front sleeve opening of the front end sleeve is clearance-matched with the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3, and an axial sliding structure 6 (a matching structure of the spline shaft and the spline sleeve) capable of transmitting torque is provided between the protective sleeve 4 and the base 1, and the synchronous rotation of the protective sleeve 4 and the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3 can be realized through the axial sliding structure 6, and the relative axial position between the protective sleeve 4 and the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3 can be changed under the drive of the shift fork or the pneumatic mechanism to adjust the protection position of the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3, such as Figure 6 shown.

[0048] 6. When the outer diameter of the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3 is smaller than the outer diameter of the base body 1, the rear end sleeve body of the protective sleeve 4 is hollowly sleeved with the transition flange 5, and the rear end sleeve body of the protective sleeve 4 is provided with an annular fork groove 4-2 connected with the shift fork (arranged on the frame), the front end sleeve body of the protective sleeve 4 is positioned and installed with the base body 1 and hollowly sleeved on the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3, and a coaxial ring sleeve 4-1 is installed in the sleeve opening of the front end sleeve body of the protective sleeve 4 through screws 7 evenly distributed around the circumference, and the ring sleeve 4-1 is clearance-matched with the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3, and an axial sliding structure 6 (a matching structure of the spline shaft and the spline sleeve) that can transmit torque is provided between the protective sleeve 4 and the base body 1, and the synchronous rotation of the protective sleeve 4 and the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3 can be achieved through the axial sliding structure 6, and the relative axial position between the protective sleeve 4 and the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3 can be changed under the drive of the shift fork or the pneumatic mechanism to adjust the protection position of the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3, such as Figure 7 shown.

[0049] In the above-mentioned 6 kinds of security mechanisms of the present invention, when the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3 is in a non-working state, there is a clearance fit between the protective sleeve 4 and the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3. When the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3 is in a high-speed working state, the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3 expands due to the combined action of the grinding force and the centrifugal force. An interference fit is formed between the expanded cup-shaped grinding wheel 3 and the protective sleeve 4, and the protective sleeve 4 is restricted in the radial direction, so that the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3 is effectively protected and prevented from bursting.

[0050] Under high-speed operation, the friction force generated by the expansion of the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3 in the protective sleeve 4 is smaller than the force that enables relative axial movement between the protective sleeve 4 and the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3 under the drive of the shift fork or the pneumatic mechanism.

[0051] 2. The structure of the protective sleeve 4 is coaxially mounted with the base 1 and the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3.

[0052] 1. When the outer diameter of the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3 is equal to the outer diameter of the base 1, the protective sleeve 4 is clearance-matched with the base 1 and the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3. The protective sleeve 4 is installed on the machine base 10 through the bearing assembly 8 (a combination of a bearing seat and a bearing). Under the drive of the pneumatic mechanism, the relative axial position between the protective sleeve 4 and the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3 can be changed to adjust the protective position of the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3, such as Figure 8 shown.

[0053] 2. When the outer diameter of the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3 is larger than the outer diameter of the base 1, the protective sleeve 4 is in an empty sleeve with the base 1 and has a clearance fit with the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3. The protective sleeve 4 is installed on the machine base 10 through the bearing assembly 8 (a combination of a bearing seat and a bearing). Under the drive of the pneumatic mechanism, the relative axial position between the protective sleeve 4 and the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3 can be changed to adjust the protective position of the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3, such as Fig. 9 shown.

[0054] 3. When the outer diameter of the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3 is smaller than the outer diameter of the base 1, the protective sleeve 4 is loosely matched with the base 1 and is hollowly sleeved with the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3. A coaxial ring sleeve 4-1 is installed in the front end sleeve of the protective sleeve 4 through screws 7 evenly distributed around the circumference. The ring sleeve 4-1 is loosely matched with the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3. The protective sleeve 4 is installed on the machine base 10 through a bearing assembly 8 (a combination of a bearing seat and a bearing). Under the drive of the pneumatic mechanism, the relative axial position between the protective sleeve 4 and the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3 can be changed to adjust the protective position of the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3, such as Fig.10 shown.

[0055] In the above three security mechanisms of the present invention, in order to reasonably arrange the position of the bearing assembly 8, a deformation structure of the protective sleeve 4 is that the protective sleeve 4 extends backward and is hollow with the transition flange 5, and the part of the protective sleeve 4 hollow with the transition flange 5 is installed on the machine base 10 through the bearing assembly 8 (a combination of a bearing seat and a bearing), such as Fig.11 shown.

[0056] In the above three security mechanisms of the present invention, when the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3 is in a non-working state, there is a clearance fit between the protective sleeve 4 and the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3. When the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3 is in a high-speed working state, the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3 expands due to the combined action of the grinding force and the centrifugal force. An interference fit is formed between the expanded cup-shaped grinding wheel 3 and the protective sleeve 4, and the protective sleeve 4 is restricted in the radial direction. Therefore, the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3 is effectively protected to avoid bursting. The protective sleeve 4 rotates synchronously with the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3 relying on the friction force of the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3.

[0057] Under high-speed operation, the friction force generated by the expansion of the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3 in the protective sleeve 4 is smaller than the force that enables relative axial movement between the protective sleeve 4 and the cup-shaped grinding wheel 3 when driven by the pneumatic mechanism.

Claims

1. A high-speed polishing wheel adjustable security mechanism, comprising a cup-shaped grinding wheel (3), wherein the cup-shaped grinding wheel (3) is coaxially mounted on a base (1) through a pressure plate (2), and the base (1) is coaxially mounted on a transition flange (5), characterized in that: It also includes a protective sleeve (4) coaxially mounted on the transition flange (5), the base (1) and the cup-shaped grinding wheel (3), wherein the protective sleeve (4) is positioned and mounted on the transition flange (5) or the base (1), and there is a clearance fit between the protective sleeve (4) and the cup-shaped grinding wheel (3). An axial sliding structure (6) capable of transmitting torque is provided between the protective sleeve (4) and the transition flange (5), or between the protective sleeve (4) and the base (1), and the relative position between the protective sleeve (4) and the cup-shaped grinding wheel (3) can be adjusted by the axial sliding structure (6) to provide radial support and protection for the high-speed rotating cup-shaped grinding wheel (3). In the protection position, the protrusion of the front end of the cup-shaped grinding wheel (3) exposed from the protective sleeve (4) is greater than the maximum elastic deformation of the grinding wheel during polishing but less than 0.3L, wherein L is the length of the grinding wheel that bursts during unprotected high-speed processing, and L is obtained based on the use parameters of the grinding wheel and through a rotation strength test.

2. The adjustable security mechanism for high-speed polishing wheels according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The ring diameter of the base body (1) is larger than the ring diameter of the cup-shaped grinding wheel (3), and the sleeve opening of the protective sleeve (4) is provided with a ring sleeve (4-1) which is clearance-matched with the cup-shaped grinding wheel (3).

3. The adjustable security mechanism for high-speed polishing wheels according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The ring sleeve (4-1) is a structure connected to the protective sleeve (4) or a separate structure installed on the protective sleeve (4) using screws (7) evenly distributed around the circumference.

4. The adjustable safety mechanism for high-speed polishing wheels according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The cup-shaped grinding wheel (3) is an integral structure or a split structure composed of radial wheel pieces evenly distributed around the circumference.

5. The adjustable safety mechanism for high-speed polishing wheels according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The axial sliding structure (6) is a matching structure of a spline shaft and a spline sleeve or a matching structure of a pin shaft and a sliding groove.

6. A high-speed polishing wheel adjustable security mechanism, comprising a cup-shaped grinding wheel (3), wherein the cup-shaped grinding wheel (3) is coaxially mounted on a base (1) through a pressure plate (2), and the base (1) is coaxially mounted on a transition flange (5), characterized in that: It also includes a non-powered protective sleeve (4) which is fixedly arranged and coaxially sleeved on the base (1) and the cup-shaped grinding wheel (3); the protective sleeve (4) is clearance-matched with the base (1) and the cup-shaped grinding wheel (3); the base (1) can move forward and backward in the protective sleeve (4) to adjust the relative position between the protective sleeve (4) and the cup-shaped grinding wheel (3) to provide radial support and protection for the high-speed rotating cup-shaped grinding wheel (3); in the protection position, the extension of the front end of the cup-shaped grinding wheel (3) exposed from the protective sleeve (4) is greater than the maximum elastic deformation of the grinding wheel during polishing but less than 0.3L, wherein L is the length of the grinding wheel that bursts during unprotected high-speed processing, and L is obtained based on the use parameters of the grinding wheel and through a rotation strength test.

7. The adjustable safety mechanism for high-speed polishing wheels according to claim 6, characterized in that: The ring diameter of the base body (1) is larger than the ring diameter of the cup-shaped grinding wheel (3), and the sleeve opening of the protective sleeve (4) is provided with a ring sleeve (4-1) coaxially fitted with the cup-shaped grinding wheel (3) in a clearance manner.

8. The adjustable safety mechanism for high-speed polishing wheels according to claim 7, characterized in that: The ring sleeve (4-1) is a structure connected to the protective sleeve (4) or a separate structure installed on the protective sleeve (4) using screws (7) evenly distributed around the circumference.

9. The adjustable safety mechanism for high-speed polishing wheels according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that: The cup-shaped grinding wheel (3) is an integral structure or a split structure composed of radial wheel pieces evenly distributed around the circumference.

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