A multifunctional infiltration regulation system and infiltration regulation method

Abstract

The present invention provides a multifunctional infiltration regulation system and infiltration regulation method, which can be applied to the field of water infiltration system of agricultural water conservancy project, the system includes a bracket, a constant pressure bottle and a soil column, the bracket includes a vertical rod, a load-bearing plate, a constant pressure bottle slot, a weighing sensor and a digital display paperless recorder and other structures, the constant pressure bottle includes a constant pressure bottle body, an elastic sealing plug, an air intake hard pipe, an air intake hose, a magnet and a metal outlet block placed in the water storage chamber and other structures, wherein the constant pressure bottle is placed in the constant pressure bottle slot, the soil column is placed on the load-bearing plate equipped with a weighing sensor, and the soil column is connected with the water outlet of the constant pressure bottle. The present invention integrates the functions of mobile handling, data collection and water head regulation, and can monitor and automatically record the weight change data of the constant pressure bottle caused by the outflow of water in real time, and can realize the adjustment of the water head height by driving the metal outlet block to move up and down along the inner wall of the constant pressure bottle by moving the magnet, and the adjustment is convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of water infiltration systems for agricultural water conservancy projects, and in particular to a multifunctional infiltration regulation system and an infiltration regulation method. Background Art

[0002] The constant pressure bottle is a device based on the principle of communicating vessels, which makes the pressure inside and outside the container consistent, thereby achieving constant water head and automatic water replenishment in the constant pressure bottle.

[0003] When conducting water and salt migration experiments in laboratories, students majoring in agricultural water conservancy engineering in colleges and universities will use constant pressure bottle constant pressure water supply equipment. However, there are few types of related products on the market, most of which are homemade products with single functions.

[0004] First, when researchers conduct outdoor experiments on the effects of water infiltration on crop growth under different water and salt conditions, they need to move soil columns filled with heavy soil and constant pressure bottles filled with water outdoors. Traditional fixed brackets cannot meet the needs of moving soil columns.

[0005] Second, for long-term infiltration tests, the traditional method of reading the water level drop on the scale of a constant pressure bottle is used, and researchers often need to stay up late to read and record the data, which consumes a lot of physical energy and is prone to fatigue. Especially for water infiltration tests on water-repellent soils, due to the limitations of manual data reading and writing speeds and large data sampling intervals, the moment when the infiltration changes suddenly is often missed, resulting in the loss of key data information.

[0006] Third, when conducting a constant head water infiltration pressure test, a mechanical lifting platform or padding the bottom of the constant pressure bottle is often used in the process of adjusting the water head. However, in this method, the entire constant pressure bottle moves up and down when adjusting the water head. When water flows out from the outlet of the constant pressure bottle through the hose, due to the existence of hose head loss, the actual water head will often be lower than the set water head. Therefore, the height of the constant pressure bottle needs to be adjusted repeatedly. This mechanical adjustment method is unsafe and time-consuming and labor-intensive. Summary of the invention

[0007] The invention provides a multifunctional infiltration regulating system and an infiltration regulating method, so as to solve the technical problems in the prior art that it is inconvenient to regulate the water head and that it consumes too much manpower to record the water flow rate of the constant pressure bottle.

[0008] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention discloses a multifunctional infiltration regulating system, comprising a support, a constant pressure bottle and a soil column; wherein:

[0009] The bracket includes a vertical rod, a load-bearing plate, a constant pressure bottle slot, a weighing sensor and a digital paperless recorder. The vertical rod is vertically fixed to the load-bearing plate, and the constant pressure bottle slot and the digital paperless recorder are installed on the vertical rod; the weighing sensor is installed on the load-bearing plate, and the digital paperless recorder is used to record the weight change data of the soil column. The weighing sensor is connected to the digital paperless recorder;

[0010] The constant pressure bottle is placed in the constant pressure bottle slot, and the constant pressure bottle includes a constant pressure bottle body and an air inlet assembly; a water storage chamber is arranged inside the constant pressure bottle body, a water inlet is arranged at the top, and a water outlet is arranged at the bottom, and the water storage chamber is connected with the water inlet and the water outlet respectively;

[0011] The air intake assembly comprises: an elastic sealing plug, an air intake hard pipe, an air intake hose, a magnet and a metal air outlet block placed in the water storage chamber; one end of the elastic sealing plug is inserted into the water inlet and exerts radial pressure on the water inlet, and the other end is provided with a through hole that penetrates the elastic sealing plug; one end of the air intake hard pipe is provided with an air inlet hole, and the other end passes through the through hole and is fixed to one end of the air intake hose placed in the water storage chamber, and the other end of the air intake hose is fixed to the metal air outlet block; the magnet faces the metal air outlet block and is attached to the outer wall of the constant pressure bottle body to generate adsorption force on the metal air outlet block; the metal air outlet block faces the magnet and is adsorbed on the inner wall of the constant pressure bottle body, and the metal air outlet block is provided with an air outlet hole, and the air outlet hole is communicated with the air intake hose;

[0012] The soil column is placed on the load-bearing flat plate, and the upper end of the soil column is communicated with the water outlet.

[0013] Optionally, the length of the air intake hose is greater than or equal to 1.5 times the height of the constant pressure bottle body.

[0014] Optionally, a pull ring is fixed to one end of the air intake rigid tube provided with the air intake hole, and the air intake hole is provided on the pull ring.

[0015] Optionally, the constant pressure bottle body includes a constant pressure bottle cover and a constant pressure bottle cavity; a circle of grooves is provided at the bottom end of the constant pressure bottle cover, and a circle of bosses is provided at the top end of the constant pressure bottle cavity, and the bosses and the grooves cooperate with each other and are connected as a whole to seal the connection between the constant pressure bottle cover and the constant pressure bottle cavity.

[0016] Optionally, a plurality of mounting screw holes are provided on the vertical rod, and the plurality of mounting screw holes are arranged along the axial direction of the vertical rod at a preset interval;

[0017] The mounting screw hole is used to cooperate with the mounting bolt to fix the constant pressure bottle slot at the position of the mounting screw hole.

[0018] Optionally, the constant pressure bottle slot comprises a slot body and a sleeve connected to each other;

[0019] The upper end surface of the card slot body is an opening, and the lower end of the constant pressure bottle is placed in the card slot body through the opening; an operation port is opened on one side wall of the card slot body, and the water outlet of the constant pressure bottle is directly opposite to the operation port, and the operation port is used to ensure that the water outlet valve installed at the water outlet has space for normal operation;

[0020] The sleeve is sleeved on the vertical rod and is fixed to the vertical rod by means of mounting bolts that pass through the sleeve and the mounting screw holes in sequence.

[0021] Optionally, a handle is provided on the vertical rod, and a universal wheel is provided at the bottom end of the load-bearing plate.

[0022] Optionally, the soil column includes a base plate, a flange and a box body, and the box body is connected to the base plate via a flange, wherein the base plate is a breathable base plate or a non-breathable base plate.

[0023] Optionally, a plurality of sampling holes are provided on the soil column, and the plurality of sampling holes are arranged along the axial direction of the soil column, and the elastic sealing plugs are plugged at the sampling holes.

[0024] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention further discloses an infiltration regulation method, which is applied to the multifunctional infiltration regulation system of the present invention, and the method comprises:

[0025] Adjust the height according to the preset water head and determine the target water level on the scale of the constant pressure bottle;

[0026] The magnet is moved along the axial direction of the constant pressure bottle so that the horizontal plane where the geometric center of the gas outlet hole of the metal gas outlet block is located is flush with the target water level line.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0028] The present invention arranges structures such as a vertical rod, a load-bearing plate, a constant-pressure bottle slot, a weighing sensor, and a digital-display paperless recorder, so that the weight reduced by the constant-pressure bottle is equal to the weight increased by the soil column, and the weighing sensor collects weight change data of the soil column caused by the inflow of water, and transmits the weight change data to the digital-display paperless recorder in real time, and the digital-display paperless recorder records the weight change data, thereby realizing real-time monitoring and automatic recording of the outflow of the constant-pressure bottle; compared with the prior art, the present invention effectively saves manpower and can completely and accurately record the outflow of the constant-pressure bottle;

[0029] The vertical rod of the present invention is also provided with a handle, and the bottom end of the load-bearing plate is also provided with a universal wheel. The user pushes the bracket to translate in space by exerting force on the handle, so that the soil column filled with heavy soil and the constant pressure bottle filled with water can be moved outdoors, which overcomes the problem that the traditional fixing system cannot meet the demand for moving the soil column.

[0030] The present invention improves the constant pressure bottle. While achieving the sealing of the water inlet, the user can fine-tune the height of the air outlet by moving the magnet to drive the metal air outlet block to move up and down along the inner wall of the constant pressure bottle. The adjustment accuracy can be controlled within millimeters, thereby achieving fine adjustment of the water head height. Compared with the existing technology, there is no need to move the constant pressure bottle, the adjustment is more convenient, the adjustment accuracy is easier to control, and it is safe and efficient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the description of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative labor.

[0032] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a multifunctional infiltration regulating system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2-1 is a schematic structural diagram of a bracket according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2-2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a square constant pressure bottle holder according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2-3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a circular constant pressure bottle holder according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2-4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the front side of a digital display paperless recorder according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2-5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the back side of a digital display paperless recorder according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a circular constant pressure bottle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3-1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a circular constant pressure bottle cover according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3-2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a cylindrical constant pressure bottle cavity according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a square constant pressure bottle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4-1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a square constant pressure bottle cover according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 4-2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a square constant pressure bottle cavity according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of an elastic sealing plug according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 6-1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a spherical metal gas outlet block according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 6-2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a hemispherical metal gas outlet block according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 7-1 is a schematic structural diagram of a magnet according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 7-2 is a schematic structural diagram of a magnet according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an air intake hose according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Fig. 9 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an air intake hard pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Fig.10 It is a schematic structural diagram of an elastic airtight gasket according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Fig.11 It is a schematic structural diagram of a soil column according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 11-1 is a schematic structural diagram of a breathable bottom plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 11-2 is a schematic structural diagram of a non-breathable bottom plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 11-3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a flange according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 11-4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a box body according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Fig.12 It is a flow chart of the steps of the infiltration regulation method according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0058] Description of reference numerals:

[0059] 1- bracket, 2- constant pressure bottle, 3- soil column, 101- vertical rod, 102- load-bearing plate, 103- constant pressure bottle slot, 104- weighing sensor, 105- digital display paperless recorder, 106- slot body, 107- sleeve, 108- outlet valve, 109- angle adjustment rod, 110- handle, 111- universal wheel, 112- operation port, 113- mounting screw hole, 114- digital input panel, 115- digital output panel, 116- function key, 117- power jack, 118- power supply compartment, 201- storage Water chamber, 202-water inlet, 203-water outlet, 204-elastic sealing plug, 205-air inlet hard pipe, 206-air inlet hose, 207-magnet, 208-metal air outlet block, 209-through hole, 210-air inlet hole, 211-air outlet hole, 212-pull ring, 213-constant pressure bottle cover, 214-constant pressure bottle cavity, 215-groove, 216-boss, 217-scale, 218-elastic airtight gasket, 219-annular groove, 301-bottom plate, 302-flange, 303-box, 304-sampling hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0061] For the technical problems of the present invention, refer to Figure 1 , shows a schematic structural diagram of a multifunctional infiltration regulation system according to an embodiment of the present invention, the water infiltration system comprises a bracket 1, a constant pressure bottle 2 and a soil column 3; wherein:

[0062] The bracket 1 includes a vertical rod 101, a load-bearing plate 102, a constant pressure bottle slot 103, a weighing sensor 104 and a digital paperless recorder 105. The vertical rod 101 is vertically fixed to the load-bearing plate 102, and the constant pressure bottle slot 103 and the digital paperless recorder 105 are installed on the vertical rod 101; the weighing sensor 104 is installed on the load-bearing plate 102, and the digital paperless recorder 105 is used to record the weight change data of the soil column 3, and the weighing sensor 104 is connected to the digital paperless recorder 105;

[0063] The constant pressure bottle 2 is placed in the constant pressure bottle slot 103, and the constant pressure bottle 2 includes a constant pressure bottle 2 body and an air inlet assembly; a water storage chamber 201 is arranged inside the constant pressure bottle 2 body, a water inlet 202 is arranged at the top, and a water outlet 203 is arranged at the bottom, and the water storage chamber 201 is connected with the water inlet 202 and the water outlet 203 respectively;

[0064] The air intake assembly includes: an elastic sealing plug 204, an air intake hard pipe 205, an air intake hose 206, a magnet 207 and a metal air outlet block 208 placed in the water storage chamber 201; one end of the elastic sealing plug 204 is inserted into the water inlet 202 and exerts radial pressure on the water inlet 202, and the other end is provided with a through hole 209 that penetrates the elastic sealing plug 204; one end of the air intake hard pipe 205 is provided with an air intake hole 210, and the other end passes through the through hole 209 and is placed in the water storage chamber. One end of the air intake hose 206 in 201 is fixed, and the other end of the air intake hose 206 is fixed to the metal air outlet block 208; the magnet 207 faces the metal air outlet block 208 and fits on the outer wall of the constant pressure bottle 2 body to generate an adsorption force on the metal air outlet block 208; the metal air outlet block 208 faces the magnet 207 and is adsorbed on the inner wall of the constant pressure bottle 2 body, and the metal air outlet block 208 is provided with an air outlet hole 211, which is communicated with the air intake hose 206;

[0065] The soil column 3 is placed on the load-bearing plate 102, and the upper end of the soil column 3 is connected to the water outlet 203 through a pipeline.

[0066] Since the constant pressure bottle 2 is a device based on the principle of a communicating vessel to automatically replenish water to the soil column 3, as the water in the constant pressure bottle 2 flows into the soil column 3 through the water outlet 203, the weight reduced by the constant pressure bottle 2 is equal to the weight increased by the soil column 3. The present invention can realize the weighing of the soil column 3 by installing the weighing sensor 104 on the weighing plate, so that the weight increased by the soil column 3 due to the change of the water level can be collected, and the weight reduced by the constant pressure bottle 2 due to the change of the water level can be confirmed; the weighing sensor 104 transmits the collected weight change data to the digital paperless recorder 105 in real time, and the digital paperless recorder 105 records the weight change data, thereby realizing real-time monitoring and automatic recording of the outflow of the constant pressure bottle 2; compared with the existing technology, it effectively saves manpower and can completely and accurately record the outflow of the constant pressure bottle 2.

[0067] At the same time, the present invention realizes the sealing of the water inlet 202 by setting structures such as the elastic sealing plug 204, the air inlet hose 206, the magnet 207 and the metal air outlet block 208. At the same time, the user can achieve fine adjustment of the height of the air outlet 211 by moving the magnet 207 up and down to drive the metal air outlet block 208 to move up and down along the inner wall of the constant pressure bottle 2. The adjustment accuracy can be controlled within millimeters, thereby achieving fine adjustment of the water head height. Compared with the existing technology, there is no need to move the constant pressure bottle 2, the adjustment convenience is higher, the adjustment accuracy is easier to control, and it is safe and efficient.

[0068] Specifically, refer to Figure 2-1, showing a schematic diagram of the structure of a bracket 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of mounting screw holes 113 are provided on the vertical rod 101 of the bracket 1, and the plurality of mounting screw holes 113 are arranged at preset intervals along the axial direction of the vertical rod 101; the mounting screw holes 113 are used to cooperate with the mounting bolts to fix the constant pressure bottle slot 103 at the position where the mounting screw holes 113 are located. The present invention can determine the approximate installation height of the constant pressure bottle 2 by setting the mounting screw holes 113 at preset intervals, and realize the rough adjustment of the height of the air outlet 211 of the constant pressure bottle 2, which is more convenient. Among them, the preset interval can be set to 5cm, which is suitable for most water head adjustment requirements of the constant pressure bottle 2; the inner diameter of the mounting screw hole 113 can be set to 5mm, which can ensure the connection strength between the constant pressure bottle slot 103 and the vertical rod 101.

[0069] A handle 110 is also provided on the vertical rod 101, and a universal wheel 111 is also provided at the bottom of the load-bearing plate 102. Four screw holes are provided on the upper end of each universal wheel 111, and the universal wheel 111 can be fixed to the bottom of the load-bearing plate 102 by connecting the screw holes with bolts. The user pushes the bracket 1 to translate in space by applying force on the handle 110, so that the soil column 3 filled with heavy soil and the constant pressure bottle 2 filled with water can be moved outdoors, overcoming the problem that the traditional fixing system cannot meet the demand for moving the soil column 3.

[0070] Since the constant pressure bottle 2 has various shapes, correspondingly, the constant pressure bottle slot 103 of the present invention also has various shapes. Figure 2-2 , showing a schematic diagram of the structure of a square constant pressure bottle slot 103 according to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to Figure 2-3, shows a schematic structural diagram of a circular constant pressure bottle slot 103 according to another embodiment of the present invention. The constant pressure bottle slot 103 includes a slot body 106 and a sleeve 107 connected to each other; the upper end surface of the slot body 106 is an opening, and the lower end of the constant pressure bottle 2 is placed in the slot body 106 through the opening; an operation port 112 is opened on one side wall of the slot body 106, and the water outlet 203 of the constant pressure bottle 2 is directly opposite to the operation port 112. The operation port 112 is used to ensure that the outlet valve 108 installed at the outlet 203 has space for normal operation, and the connection between the outlet valve 108 and the outlet 203 can be wrapped with raw tape to strengthen the tightness of the connection between the outlet valve 108 and the outlet 203. The sleeve 107 is sleeved on the vertical rod 101, and is fixed to the vertical rod 101 by installing bolts that pass through the sleeve 107 and the installation screw holes in sequence. The present invention does not limit the shape of the operation port 112, as long as it does not hinder the opening or closing of the water outlet valve 108. In practice, in order to facilitate the placement and removal of the constant pressure bottle 2, the opening size of the operation port 112 can be set to 1 / 4 to 1 / 3 of the side length of the side wall of the card slot body 106. The depth of the card slot body 106 can be set to 1 / 4 to 1 / 3 of the height of the placed constant pressure bottle 2 to prevent the constant pressure bottle 2 from falling. The card slot body 106 is made of high-strength transparent material, which is not easy to be damaged, and is convenient for observing the internal situation of the constant pressure bottle 2.

[0071] The weighing sensor 104 includes a tray panel and a signal line. When the weighing sensor 104 is installed at the bottom of the constant pressure bottle slot 103, a threading hole can be opened on the constant pressure bottle slot 103, and the signal line is passed through the threading hole to connect with the digital paperless recorder 105 on the vertical rod 101.

[0072] The digital paperless recorder 105 is a product available on the market. After being connected to the weighing sensor 104, it can be used in the present invention. The present invention does not limit the model of the digital paperless recorder 105, as long as it can realize the relevant functions. Figure 2-4 , showing a schematic diagram of the front structure of a digital paperless recorder 105 according to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to Figure 2-5, showing a schematic diagram of the structure of the back of a digital paperless recorder 105 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The front of the digital paperless recorder 105 is provided with a digital input panel 114, a digital output panel 115 and a function key 116, and the back is provided with a power jack 117 and / or a power supply compartment 118; wherein the digital input panel 114 is used to set the time, date and parameters corresponding to the function keys 116 (for example: range, correction coefficient, sampling interval, file naming, etc.), and can also perform basic addition, subtraction, multiplication and division operations. The digital output panel 115 is used to display the weight change data of the constant pressure bottle 2 for real-time observation and reading by the user; the function keys 116 include keys for sampling interval, correction coefficient, data format and data saving. For example, by operating the function key 116 of "sampling interval", the user can reasonably set the data sampling interval according to the test time period, such as 1s, 2s, 5s, 10s, 20s, 30s, 1min, etc.; by operating the function key 116 of "correction coefficient", the user can find a reasonable proportional relationship and correct the data; by operating the function key 116 of "data format", the user can select the default saved data format, such as Txt or Excel format; by operating the function key 116 of "data save", the user can read the test data through the USB interface on the digital display paperless recorder 105. The power jack 117 can be connected to the mains through the power cord to provide a long-term stable power supply for the digital display paperless recorder 105. The power supply compartment 118 is used to install a rechargeable battery or a disposable battery for outdoor use by the user. In actual operation, for short-term tests, the user can choose a portable battery for power supply, and for long-term tests, the user can choose the power jack 117.

[0073] Optional, such as Figure 2-4 and Figure 2-5 As shown, the present invention further provides an angle adjustment rod 109 on the digital paperless recorder 105, one end of the angle adjustment rod 109 is fixed to the vertical rod 101, and the other end is hinged to the back of the digital paperless recorder 105. By adjusting the angle adjustment rod 109, the user can adjust the digital paperless recorder 105 to a visually comfortable data observation angle.

[0074] like Figure 1 As shown, since constant pressure bottles 2 of different shapes are suitable for different scenarios, the present invention Figure 1 The constant pressure bottle 2 in the embodiment also has different shapes, see Figure 3 , showing a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a circular constant pressure bottle 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 , showing a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a square constant pressure bottle 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0075] Specifically, the constant pressure bottle 2 body includes a constant pressure bottle cap 213 and a constant pressure bottle cavity 214; the water inlet 202 is arranged on the end face of the constant pressure bottle cap 213, and the water outlet 203 can be arranged on the lower side wall of the constant pressure bottle cavity 214. The bottom end of the constant pressure bottle cap 213 is provided with a circle of grooves 215, and the top of the constant pressure bottle cavity 214 is provided with a circle of bosses 216, and the bosses 216 and the grooves 215 cooperate with each other and are connected as one. When it is specifically implemented, the bosses 216 and the grooves 215 can be connected by threads or bonded by acrylic glue, glass glue, hot melt glue, etc. It is preferred to bond by hot melt glue, so that when cleaning the interior of the constant pressure bottle cavity 214 or replacing parts later, it is easier to separate the cap from the cavity, and it is not easy to damage the cap and the cavity. Among them, after the threaded connection, it is sealed by glass glue or other materials such as acrylic glue, vaseline, etc., so that the connection between the constant pressure bottle cap 213 and the constant pressure bottle cavity 214 is sealed. The present invention designs the main body of the constant pressure bottle 2 to be a structure in which a constant pressure bottle cover 213 and a constant pressure bottle cavity 214 can be assembled, which is convenient for placing and replacing the metal gas outlet block 208 and cleaning the constant pressure bottle 2. The design of the groove 215 and the boss 216 can make the constant pressure bottle cover 213 and the constant pressure bottle cavity 214 connected more tightly, thereby ensuring the air tightness of the entire device. It should be noted that the groove 215 can also be set on the constant pressure bottle cavity 214, and the boss 216 can also be set on the constant pressure bottle cover 213. The setting positions of the groove 215 and the boss 216 are not unique, and it only needs to achieve a tight combination of the constant pressure bottle cover 213 and the constant pressure bottle cavity 214. Refer to Figure 3-1 , showing a schematic diagram of the structure of a circular constant pressure bottle cover 213 according to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to Figure 3-2 , shows a schematic structural diagram of a cylindrical constant pressure bottle cavity 214 according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein a circular constant pressure bottle cover 213 matches the cylindrical constant pressure bottle cavity 214. Figure 4-1 , showing a schematic diagram of the structure of a square constant pressure bottle cover 213 according to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to Figure 4-2 , shows a schematic structural diagram of a square constant pressure bottle cavity 214 according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which a square constant pressure bottle cover 213 and a square constant pressure bottle cavity 214 match each other.

[0076] Specifically, refer to Figure 5, shows a schematic diagram of the structure of an elastic sealing plug 204 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The elastic sealing plug 204 is truncated cone-shaped and made of rubber material, which can match water inlets 202 of different diameters and achieve a good sealing effect on the water inlet 202. The diameter of the through hole 209 of the elastic sealing plug 204 is slightly smaller than the diameter of the air intake rigid tube 205, so that the outer wall of the air intake rigid tube 205 can be squeezed to achieve the sealing between the outer wall of the air intake rigid tube 205 and the through hole 209, so that the external atmosphere can enter the water storage chamber 201 only through the air intake hole 210 at the upper end of the air intake rigid tube 205. During operation, the air inlet hard tube 205 is embedded in the elastic sealing plug 204, and the elastic sealing plug 204 is removed from the water inlet 202 to inject water into the water storage chamber 201. The water inlet 202 can be quickly sealed by plugging the elastic sealing plug 204. This structure reduces the number of openings on the main body of the constant pressure bottle 2, so that the entire device has the advantages of good structural stability and good air tightness.

[0077] In order to match the constant pressure bottle 2 of corresponding shape, the metal gas outlet block 208 of the present invention can also be in various shapes. Figure 6-1 , showing a schematic structural diagram of a spherical metal gas outlet block 208 according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6-2 , shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a hemispherical metal gas outlet block 208 of another embodiment of the present invention. Among them, the spherical metal gas outlet block 208 is suitable for a circular constant pressure bottle 2, so as to fit well with the inner wall of the circular constant pressure bottle 2; the hemispherical metal gas outlet block 208 is suitable for a square constant pressure bottle 2, and the side thereof in contact with the inner wall of the square constant pressure bottle 2 is a plane, so that it can fit well with the inner wall of the square constant pressure bottle 2, increase the magnetic contact surface with the magnet 207, and improve stability. The air intake hose 206 and the metal gas outlet block 208 can be connected by means of snap connection, bonding or thread connection, that is, the air intake hose 206 can be snapped into an air outlet hole 211 of the metal gas outlet block 208 or a sleeve on the metal gas outlet block 208, or the air intake hose 206 is connected to an air outlet hole 211 or a sleeve by threading, or the air intake hose 206 is bonded to the metal gas outlet block 208 by adhesive such as hot melt adhesive and communicates with the air outlet hole 211 on the metal gas outlet block 208. To ensure the accuracy of the position of the air outlet 211, the air inlet hose 206 and the sleeve or the air outlet 211 are connected by snap-fit ​​or threaded connection, and then hot melt adhesive or the like is used to seal the connection between the two.

[0078] The magnet 207 includes a magnet block and a handle. The magnet block can be made of a strong magnet. One end face of the magnet block is in contact with the outer wall of the constant pressure bottle 2, and the other end face is fixed to the handle. The magnet 207 is used to drive the metal gas outlet block 208 to move up and down along the inner wall of the constant pressure bottle 2, thereby achieving the function of adjusting the water head. The setting of the handle makes it easier to move the magnet block. Figure 7-1, showing a schematic diagram of the structure of a magnet 207 according to an embodiment of the present invention, the side of the magnet 207 in contact with the outer wall of the circular constant pressure bottle 2 is a concave arc surface, which can be well matched with the circular constant pressure bottle 2; refer to Figure 7-2 , shows a schematic structural diagram of a magnet 207 according to another embodiment of the present invention, wherein the side in contact with the outer wall of the square constant pressure bottle 2 is a plane, and can be well matched with the square constant pressure bottle 2.

[0079] Since the air intake hose 206 can move freely under the action of external force, in an optional embodiment of the present invention, the length of the air intake hose 206 is set to be greater than or equal to 1.5 times the height of the constant pressure bottle 2 body, so as to ensure that the air intake hose 206 has the required rotation length when adding water to the constant pressure bottle 2 body and removing the elastic sealing plug 204. Figure 8 , shows a schematic structural diagram of an air intake hose 206 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The air intake hose 206 may be made of silicone.

[0080] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, a pull ring 212 is fixed to one end of the air intake rigid tube 205 provided with the air intake hole 210. The air intake hole 210 is arranged on the pull ring 212, which can facilitate pulling the air intake rigid tube 205 to adjust the height of the air outlet hole 211. The shape of the pull ring 212 is not limited. The pull ring 212 can be a solid tube or a hollow tube. When the pull ring 212 is a solid tube, the air intake hole 210 is arranged at the connection between the pull ring 212 and the air intake rigid tube 205 and communicated with the air intake rigid tube 205. When the pull ring 212 is a hollow tube, the pull ring 212 can be integrally formed with the air intake rigid tube 205 and communicated with the air intake rigid tube 205. At this time, the air intake hole 210 can be arranged at any place of the pull ring 212. Fig. 9 , shows a schematic structural diagram of an air intake tube 205 according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this figure, the air intake hole 210 is arranged at the connection between the pull ring 212 and the air intake tube 205.

[0081] In addition, in an optional embodiment of the present invention, an elastic airtight gasket 218 may be provided between the elastic sealing plug 204 and the water inlet 202; a circle of annular grooves 219 are provided along the inner wall of the water inlet 202, the annular grooves 219 are coaxial with the water inlet 202, and the elastic airtight gasket 218 is embedded in the annular grooves 219 219. When the elastic sealing plug 204 is inserted into the water inlet 202, the elastic sealing plug 204 applies radial extrusion force to the elastic airtight gasket 218, and the elastic airtight gasket 218 is compressed and applies rebound force to the elastic sealing plug 204 to squeeze the elastic sealing plug 204, thereby strengthening the sealing effect between the elastic sealing plug 204 and the water inlet 202. Figure 3-1 and Figure 3-2 , both show the structure of the water inlet 202 on the constant pressure bottle cover 213 and the annular groove 219 provided thereon; Fig.10, shows a schematic structural diagram of an elastic airtight gasket 218 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0082] Reference Fig.11 , shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a soil column 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the soil column 3 comprises a bottom plate 301, a flange 302 and a box 303, wherein the box 303 is connected to the bottom plate 301 via the flange 302, wherein the bottom plate 301 is a breathable bottom plate 301 or a non-breathable bottom plate 301. Figure 11-1 , showing a schematic structural diagram of a breathable bottom plate 301 according to an embodiment of the present invention, the breathable bottom plate 301 is provided with a plurality of breathable holes, and a plurality of screw holes are provided around it; Figure 11-2 , showing a schematic structural diagram of a non-breathable bottom plate 301 according to an embodiment of the present invention, where only a plurality of screw holes are provided on the bottom plate 301; Figure 11-3 , shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the flange 302 of an embodiment of the present invention. The flange 302 is also provided with a plurality of screw holes around it, and a boss 216 is provided on it. The boss 216 can increase the contact area when the flange 302 is connected to the box body 303. During assembly, the box body 303 is placed on the bottom plate 301, and then the flange 302 is sleeved on the box body 303, and then bolts are sequentially passed through the screw holes on the flange 302 and the screw holes on the bottom plate 301 to rotate and fix. The present invention designs the soil column 3 as a detachable structure, and the flange 302 is used to connect the box body 303 and the bottom plate 301, which can facilitate the replacement of the soil and the bottom plate 301 in the soil column 3. When the breathable bottom plate 301 is used, the influence of the gas resistance in the soil on the water infiltration can be reduced, which is suitable for carrying out soil water and salt migration experiments under exhaust conditions; when the non-breathable bottom plate 301 is used, the gas in the soil can be prevented from escaping from the soil column 3, which is suitable for carrying out soil water and salt migration experiments under non-exhaust conditions.

[0083] Reference Figure 11-4 , shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a box 303 according to an embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of sampling holes 304 are arranged on the soil column 3, and the plurality of sampling holes 304 are arranged along the axial direction of the soil column 3, and the sampling holes 304 are plugged with elastic sealing plugs 204. The elastic sealing plug 204 of the present invention can also be a truncated cone-shaped rubber plug without a through hole 209. When water infiltrates the soil to saturation, the elastic sealing plug 204 can prevent water from flowing out of the sampling holes 304 of the soil column 3; when the elastic sealing plug 204 is pulled out, the user can sample the soil at different depths in the soil column 3 through the sampling holes 304 at different positions to study the distribution of water and solutes in the soil.

[0084] Next, the assembly steps of the multifunctional infiltration regulating system according to an embodiment of the present invention are described:

[0085] Step 1: Fig.10 The elastic airtight gasket 218 shown is embedded in Figure 3-1 or Figure 4-1The constant pressure bottle cap 213 is shown in the annular groove 219 in the water inlet 202, and then Figure 5 The truncated cone-shaped elastic sealing plug 204 is inserted into Figure 3-1 or Figure 4-1 The water inlet 202 on the constant pressure bottle cover 213 is shown.

[0086] Step 2: Fig. 9 The air intake tube 205 with the pull ring 212 is inserted into Figure 5 The through hole 209 of the truncated cone-shaped elastic sealing plug 204 is then Figure 8 One end of the air intake hose 206 is connected to Fig. 9 The lower end of the air intake rigid tube 205 with the pull ring 212 is connected, and then the other end of the air intake hose 206 is connected to the Figure 6-1 The spherical metal outlet block 208 shown or Figure 6-2 The sleeve connection on the hemispherical metal outlet block 208 is shown.

[0087] Step 3: Figure 6-1 or Figure 6-2 The metal outlet block 208 is shown in FIG. Figure 3-2 or Figure 4-2 The metal gas outlet block 208 is closely attached to the inner wall of the constant pressure bottle cavity 214, and then Figure 7-1 or Figure 7-2 The magnet 207 shown is aligned with the corresponding metal gas outlet block 208, and the two are tightly adsorbed to the inner and outer walls of the constant pressure bottle cavity 214 through magnetic force.

[0088] Step 4: Figure 3-1 or Figure 4-1 The groove 215 on the constant pressure bottle cover 213 is Figure 3-2 or Figure 4-2 The boss 216 at the upper end of the cylindrical constant pressure bottle cavity 214 is matched, and the interface is bonded by acrylic glue.

[0089] Step 5: Wrap the outlet valve 108 with raw tape and screw it in. Figure 3-2 or Figure 4-2 The water outlet 203 shown in the figure, the constant pressure bottle 2 is assembled, and the Figure 3 or Figure 4 The porous gas outlet constant pressure bottle 2 is shown.

[0090] Step 6: Install the universal wheel 111 on the Figure 2-1 The load-bearing plate 102 is shown at the bottom four corners.

[0091] Step 7: Figure 2-5 The sleeve 107 at one end of the digital paperless recorder 105 passes through Figure 2-1Adjust the height on the vertical rod 101 of the bracket 1 shown, and fasten it to the bracket 1 by tightening the bolts / nuts. Please note that the installation of the recorder in this step must be earlier than the installation of the constant pressure bottle slot 103 below.

[0092] Step 8: Fasten the load cell 104 with the fastening bolts / nuts. Figure 2-1 The constant pressure bottle slot 103 of the bracket 1 is connected to the Figure 2-5 The digital display paperless recorder 105 is connected.

[0093] Step 9: Figure 3 or Figure 4 The constant pressure bottle 2 shown is placed Figure 2-2 or Figure 2-3 The matching constant pressure bottle card slot 103.

[0094] Step 10: Fig.11 The soil column 3 is placed at Figure 2-1 The load-bearing plate 102 is then connected to the Figure 2-5 The outlet valve 108 shown is Fig.11 The soil column 3 shown in the figure is connected to the water inlet 202 at the upper end, and finally obtains Figure 1 The multifunctional infiltration regulation system shown.

[0095] For the technical problems of the present invention, refer to Fig.12 , shows a flowchart of the steps of an infiltration regulation method according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is applied to a multifunctional infiltration regulation system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The method may specifically include the following steps:

[0096] Step S1201, adjusting the height according to the preset water head, and determining the target water level line on the scale 217 of the constant pressure bottle 2;

[0097] Step S1202 , moving the magnet 207 along the axial direction of the constant pressure bottle 2 so that the horizontal plane where the geometric center of the gas outlet hole 211 of the metal gas outlet block 208 is located is flush with the target water level line.

[0098] When the air outlet hole 211 on the metal air outlet block 208 can be one or more, its geometric center can refer to the calculated geometric center of one or more air outlet holes 211. Through the infiltration adjustment method of the present invention, while achieving the sealing of the water inlet 202, the user can drive the metal air outlet block 208 to move up and down along the inner wall of the constant pressure bottle 2 by moving the magnet 207 up and down, so as to adjust the water head height. Compared with the existing technology, there is no need to move the constant pressure bottle 2 itself, the adjustment convenience is higher, the adjustment accuracy is easier to control, and it is safe and efficient.

[0099] Next, the operating steps of the infiltration regulation method of the present invention are described in detail:

[0100] Step 1: Add water, close the water outlet valve 108, unplug the elastic sealing plug 204 on the top of the constant pressure bottle 2 (the air inlet hard tube 205 on the elastic sealing plug 204 does not need to be unplugged), and then add water to the required height (or fill it up) through the drainage tube according to the test water volume requirements.

[0101] Step 2: Air-tightness check, open the water outlet valve 108 at the bottom of the constant pressure bottle 2, when the following conditions are met: First, press the air inlet hole 210 at the pull ring 212 with your hand, if no water flows out of the water outlet valve 108; second, when you move your finger away, water flows out of the water outlet valve 108, it means that the air-tightness of the constant pressure bottle 2 is normal, then close the water outlet valve 108.

[0102] Step 3: Water head adjustment: Move the magnet 207 up and down according to the water head height set in the test, and align the air outlet 211 of the metal air outlet block 208 with the outer wall scale 217 of the constant pressure bottle 2 corresponding to the water head height set in the test, and the water head adjustment is completed. The preset water head height can refer to the water head height determined after calculating the actual water head loss.

[0103] Step 4: Constant pressure water supply. After the test starts, open the water outlet valve 108, and water flows from the water outlet 203 of the constant pressure bottle 2 to the soil column 3 through the rubber hose. When the soil surface water level is flush with the air outlet 211 of the constant pressure bottle 2, the constant pressure bottle 2 stops supplying water. When the soil surface water level is lower than the air outlet 211, the constant pressure bottle 2 supplies water to the soil column 3 again, and finally achieves the purpose of constant pressure water supply.

[0104] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0105] The multifunctional infiltration regulation system provided by the present invention is introduced in detail above. Specific examples are used in this article to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the structure of the present invention and its core idea. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of ​​the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional infiltration regulation system, characterized in that: It comprises a support (1), a constant pressure bottle (2) and a soil column (3); wherein: The support (1) comprises a vertical rod (101), a load-bearing plate (102), a constant pressure bottle slot (103), a weighing sensor (104) and a digital paperless recorder (105); the vertical rod (101) is vertically fixed to the load-bearing plate (102); the constant pressure bottle slot (103) and the digital paperless recorder (105) are mounted on the vertical rod (101); the weighing sensor (104) is mounted on the load-bearing plate (102); the digital paperless recorder (105) is used to record weight change data of the soil column (3); and the weighing sensor (104) is connected to the digital paperless recorder (105); The constant pressure bottle (2) is placed in the constant pressure bottle slot (103), and the constant pressure bottle (2) comprises a constant pressure bottle body and an air inlet assembly; a water storage chamber (201) is arranged inside the constant pressure bottle body, a water inlet (202) is arranged at the top, and a water outlet (203) is arranged at the bottom, and the water storage chamber (201) is communicated with the water inlet (202) and the water outlet (203) respectively; The air intake assembly comprises: an elastic sealing plug (204), an air intake hard pipe (205), an air intake hose (206), a magnet (207) and a metal air outlet block (208) placed in the water storage chamber (201); one end of the elastic sealing plug (204) is inserted into the water inlet (202) and exerts radial pressure on the water inlet (202), and the other end is provided with a through hole (209) penetrating the elastic sealing plug (204); one end of the air intake hard pipe (205) is provided with an air intake hole (210), and the other end passes through the through hole (209) and is fixed to one end of the air intake hose (206) placed in the water storage chamber (201), and the other end of the air intake hose (206) is fixed to the metal air outlet block (208); the magnet (207) is directly opposite to the metal air outlet block (20 8) and fits on the outer wall of the constant pressure bottle body to generate an adsorption force on the metal gas outlet block (208); the metal gas outlet block (208) faces the magnet (207) and is adsorbed on the inner wall of the constant pressure bottle body, and the metal gas outlet block (208) is provided with an air outlet hole (211), and the air outlet hole (211) is connected to the air inlet hose (206); the magnet (207) includes a magnet block and a handle, one end face of the magnet block fits on the outer wall of the constant pressure bottle (2), and the other end face is fixed to the handle; the magnet (207) is used to drive the metal gas outlet block (208) to move up and down along the inner wall of the constant pressure bottle (2); the side of the magnet (207) in contact with the outer wall of the circular constant pressure bottle (2) is a concave arc surface, or the side of the magnet (207) in contact with the outer wall of the square constant pressure bottle (2) is a plane; The length of the air inlet hose (206) is set to be greater than or equal to 1.5 times the height of the constant pressure bottle (2); The soil column (3) is placed on the load-bearing plate (102), and the upper end of the soil column (3) is connected to the water outlet (203).

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The length of the air inlet hose (206) is greater than or equal to 1.5 times the height of the constant pressure bottle body.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that A pull ring (212) is fixed to one end of the air intake rigid tube (205) provided with an air intake hole (210), and the air intake hole (210) is provided on the pull ring (212).

4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The constant pressure bottle body comprises a constant pressure bottle cover (213) and a constant pressure bottle cavity (214); A circle of grooves (215) is provided at the bottom end of the constant pressure bottle cover (213), and a circle of bosses (216) is provided at the top end of the constant pressure bottle cavity (214). The bosses (216) and the grooves (215) cooperate with each other and are connected as a whole, so that the connection between the constant pressure bottle cover (213) and the constant pressure bottle cavity (214) is sealed.

5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The vertical rod (101) is provided with a plurality of mounting screw holes, and the plurality of mounting screw holes are arranged at a preset interval along the axial direction of the vertical rod (101); The mounting screw hole is used to cooperate with a mounting bolt to fix the constant pressure bottle clamping slot (103) at the location of the mounting screw hole.

6. The system according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: The constant pressure bottle slot (103) comprises a slot body (106) and a sleeve (107) which are connected to each other; The upper end surface of the card slot body (106) is an opening, and the lower end of the constant pressure bottle (2) passes through the opening and is placed in the card slot body (106); an operating port (112) is opened on one side wall of the card slot body (106), and the water outlet (203) of the constant pressure bottle is directly opposite to the operating port (112), and the operating port (112) is used to ensure that the water outlet valve (108) installed at the water outlet (203) has space for normal operation; The sleeve (107) is sleeved on the vertical rod (101) and is fixed to the vertical rod (101) by means of mounting bolts which pass through the sleeve (107) and the mounting screw holes in sequence.

7. The system according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: The vertical rod (101) is provided with a handle (110), and the bottom end of the load-bearing plate (102) is provided with a universal wheel (111).

8. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The soil column (3) comprises a bottom plate (301), a flange (302) and a box body (303), wherein the box body (303) is connected to the bottom plate (301) via the flange (302), wherein the bottom plate (301) is a breathable bottom plate or a non-breathable bottom plate.

9. The system according to claim 1 or 8, characterized in that: The soil column (3) is provided with a plurality of sampling holes (304), the plurality of sampling holes (304) being arranged along the axial direction of the soil column (3), and the elastic sealing plugs (204) are plugged at the sampling holes (304).

10. An infiltration regulation method, characterized in that: Applied to the system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the method comprises: Adjusting the height according to the preset water head, and determining the target water level line on the scale (217) of the constant pressure bottle (2); The magnet (207) is moved along the axial direction of the constant pressure bottle (2) so that the horizontal plane where the geometric center of the gas outlet hole (211) of the metal gas outlet block (208) is located is flush with the target water level line.

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