A plate-type packed rectification column

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of chemical equipment, and particularly relates to a plate type packing rectifying tower, which comprises a tower body, a tower tray and a controller. A liquid reflux pipeline is arranged on one side of the upper part of the tower body, an air inlet is arranged on the same side of the lower part of the tower body, a material inlet is arranged on the other side of the lower part of the tower body, an air outlet is arranged at the center of the top of the tower body, and a material outlet is arranged at the center of the bottom of the tower body. The tower tray comprises a tower plate, an overflow weir, a downcomer and a liquid receiving tray. The controller is installed in the middle of the outer wall of the tower body and is used for controlling the automatic operation of the rectifying tower. The tower plate is provided with an adjusting module and a sealing module. The adjusting module is arranged to sense the liquid leakage degree in the tower and timely trigger the sealing module. The sealing module changes the working state of the tower plate by moving, artificially pressurizes the gas, increases the gas-liquid contact area, reduces the liquid leakage phenomenon and improves the plate efficiency.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of chemical equipment, and particularly relates to a plate type packed rectifying tower. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the preparation process of chemical products, a rectifying tower is often used to realize the separation of components of raw materials, and the basic principle thereof is to realize the separation purpose by utilizing the different volatilization degrees of components in the process of multiple partial vaporization and partial condensation of a liquid mixture. The rectifying tower mainly includes a packed rectifying tower and a plate type packed rectifying tower. In the prior art, the plate type tower realizes mass transfer and heat transfer through stratification, and the gas-liquid two phases must be kept in close and sufficient contact on each tray to provide a large and constantly updated interfacial contact surface for the mass transfer process, reduce the mass transfer resistance, and make the gas-liquid two phases flow in counter flow as much as possible to provide the maximum mass transfer power, so as to realize the balance and separation of the vapor phase and the liquid phase of the mixture.

[0003] However, the rectifying tower commonly used at present is prone to liquid leakage. Liquid leakage refers to that, in the process of rectifying operation, due to the excessively low gas phase load, the rising gas phase is not enough to support the descending liquid phase on the tray, so that the liquid phase on the tray directly leaks to the lower tray instead of passing through the overflow weir. When the liquid leakage occurs, the tray efficiency of the rectifying tower is greatly reduced, the gas-liquid contact is reduced, the separation effect is poor, and the product may be unqualified.

[0004] Some technical solutions about the plate type packed rectifying tower have appeared in the prior art. For example, a patent with the application number 2017107469502 discloses a tray type rectifying tower, which comprises a tower body and a condenser. The tower body is provided with a guide pipe at the top, the guide pipe is connected with the condenser, the condenser is provided with a reflux pipe connected with the tower body, the condenser is further connected with a collecting pipe, the tower tray is provided with an activated carbon filter layer, the activated carbon filter layer is provided with a packing layer, the tower body is provided with a reaction kettle at the bottom, and the reaction kettle is provided with a heating interlayer.

[0005] The patent can improve the rectification coefficient to a certain extent and strengthen the gas-liquid mass transfer process. However, the patent cannot solve the problem that the gas pressure of the rectifying tower is insufficient, the gas-liquid contact is not enough, and the liquid leakage phenomenon is serious, which greatly reduces the tray efficiency and affects the production efficiency. Accordingly, the present application provides a plate type packed rectifying tower. SUMMARY

[0006] In order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides a plate type packed rectifying tower. The leakage degree in the tower is sensed by adjusting the module, and the sealing module is triggered in time. The working state of the tray is changed by moving the sealing module, the gas is pressurized, and the gas-liquid contact area is increased, so as to reduce the liquid leakage phenomenon and improve the plate efficiency.

[0007] The technical scheme adopted by the present application to solve its technical problems is: the plate filler rectifying tower comprises a tower body, a tower tray and a controller, one side of the tower body is provided with a liquid reflux pipeline, the same side of the tower body is provided with an air inlet, the other side of the tower body is provided with a feed inlet, the top center of the tower body is provided with an air outlet, and the bottom center of the tower body is provided with a discharge outlet; the tower tray comprises a tower plate, an overflow weir, a downcomer and a liquid receiving tray, and the two sides of the tower plate are provided with gaps; the middle part of the tower plate is uniformly provided with air holes; the liquid receiving tray is installed at the gap on one side of the tower plate; the overflow weir is vertically installed at the gap on the other side of the tower plate; the downcomer is installed on the side of the overflow weir, and the inclined surface of the downcomer faces outward; wherein the tower tray is uniformly fixed on the support welded on the inner wall of the tower body in the vertical direction, and the tower tray divides the inside of the tower body into communicated S-shaped spaces; the controller is installed in the middle of the outer wall of the tower body, and the controller is used for controlling the automatic operation of the rectifying tower; the tower plate is provided with an adjusting module and a sealing module, and the cross section shape of the air hole is Z-shaped.

[0008] The adjusting module comprises a reset spring, a float and a scoop plate, one side of each of the aeration holes is provided with a corresponding auxiliary hole in communication with the middle part of the aeration hole; the lower end of the float is uniformly distributed with a group of aeration grooves in the circumferential direction, the float is installed in the auxiliary hole, the bottom of the aeration groove is communicated with the auxiliary hole; the reset spring is arranged outside the lower end of the float; the scoop plate is in the shape of a spoon, the spoon handle end of the scoop plate is fixed on the bottom surface of the tower plate, the spoon surface at the other end is located directly below the lower end of the aeration hole, the scoop plate corresponds to each aeration hole one by one; the spoon surface of the scoop plate is uniformly distributed with a group of leakage holes at one third of the distance from the bottom of the scoop plate, and a liquid level sensor is installed on the top of the spoon surface of the scoop plate; the sealing module comprises a cover plate, a connecting rod, a sliding block, a permanent magnet and an electromagnet, a sliding groove is arranged on the tower plate, the cover plate is arranged on the tower plate, the connecting rod is arranged between adjacent cover plates, the sliding block is fixedly connected with the lower end of the cover plate, and the sliding block and the sliding groove are in sliding connection; the permanent magnet is installed on the side surface of the cover plate on the rear side of the tower plate, and the electromagnet is fixed on the outer wall of the tower body at the position corresponding to the permanent magnet.In operation, gas enters the tower body from the gas inlet, liquid enters the tower body from the liquid inlet, the gas in the tower moves upward, the liquid moves downward, the gas-liquid two phases flow countercurrently, the light components in the gas phase leave the gas outlet through the rectification process, part of the gas in the gas phase is liquefied and then returns to the tower body through the liquid return pipeline, and the heavy components in the liquid phase are discharged from the liquid outlet through the rectification process; the main contact between the gas and the liquid occurs on the tray arranged on the tray, part of the liquid is blocked on the tray by the overflow weir, and the other part of the liquid flows to the next layer along the downcomer; part of the gas is discharged upward from the air hole to contact the liquid remaining on the tray, and the other part of the gas bypasses the tray to move upward to contact the liquid flowing downward along the downcomer; the gas and the liquid are fully contacted in the process of layer-by-layer progression between the trays; in the process that the gas is discharged upward through the air hole, the air hole will be gradually expanded due to the corrosion of the gas, which causes insufficient gas pressure and leads to liquid leakage from the air hole to the next layer, reducing the gas-liquid contact and the tray efficiency; the cross-sectional shape of the air hole is arranged in a Z shape to play a buffering role and prolong the service life of the air hole; in order to avoid serious liquid leakage, the adjusting module and the sealing module are used in cooperation, when liquid leakage occurs on the tray, the liquid falls on the baffle located directly below the air hole; when the falling speed of the liquid is greater than the liquid leakage speed of the leakage hole on the baffle, the liquid level on the baffle continuously rises until the liquid level triggers the liquid level sensor, the controller receives the signal of the liquid level sensor to control the electromagnet to start working; at this time, the magnetic poles of the electromagnet and the permanent magnet repel each other, the magnetic force pushes the cover plate to slide along the sliding groove to completely cover the air hole, the air hole is closed, and the gas can only pass through the auxiliary hole and the air groove to lift the floating block to communicate with the tray; since the opening of the air groove is much smaller than the opening of the air hole, the gas is pressurized in the process of discharge, liquid leakage is reduced, and the tray efficiency is improved; through the cooperation of the adjusting module and the sealing module, when the air hole is corroded to cause liquid leakage, the liquid level sensor sends a signal to the controller, the controller controls the sealing module to close the air hole, and the gas is guided to the auxiliary hole, at this time, the liquid leakage phenomenon is reduced, and the service life of the tray is greatly increased.

[0009] Preferably, the air groove is tapered, the opening diameter of the air groove gradually decreases towards the upper end of the floating block, and a gap is left between the top of the air groove and the upper end of the floating block; in operation, when the gas moves upward along the air groove, the gas pressure continuously increases due to the gradually decreasing opening of the air groove, so that the liquid is not easy to leak from the auxiliary hole; at the same time, the gap left between the top of the air groove and the upper end of the floating block allows the auxiliary hole to be in a sealed state before the floating block is lifted, i.e. when the rectifying tower is normally working, the liquid cannot leak from the auxiliary hole, reducing the liquid leakage phenomenon and ensuring the adjustability of the auxiliary hole.

[0010] Preferably, the upper end of the float is provided with a float cover, the lower surface of the float cover is fixedly connected with an elastic sealing gasket, the cross section of the elastic sealing gasket is arc-shaped, and the convex side of the elastic sealing gasket faces the float; one end of the reset spring is connected to the auxiliary hole, and the other end is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the float cover. In operation, the reset spring is in normal state when the lower surface of the float cover is attached to the upper surface of the tray. Since the elastic sealing gasket is below the float cover, the float cover cannot be attached to the tray, so the reset spring is slightly stretched, and the spring tension makes the elastic sealing gasket tightly attached to the tray. Since the convex side of the elastic sealing gasket faces the float, the elastic sealing gasket is further convex towards the float under the action of the spring force, and the edge is slightly raised. At this time, even if the float is slightly lifted, the lower end of the elastic sealing gasket will still be attached to the tray, maintaining the sealing, thereby increasing the sealing of the auxiliary hole. When gas enters the auxiliary hole, the float must be lifted to the point that the elastic sealing gasket completely separates from the surface of the tray, so that the auxiliary hole can be ventilated, significantly reducing the liquid leakage caused by slight movement of the float. At the same time, when the float is completely lifted, the gas passing through the ventilation groove is changed from being ejected outward along a point to being diffused along the arc surface of the elastic sealing gasket, greatly enhancing the contact between gas and liquid phases.

[0011] Preferably, the upper end of the ventilation hole is connected with two symmetrical adjusting inclined plates through a torsion spring, and the two sides of the adjusting inclined plates are provided with bent edges. In operation, the two adjusting inclined plates form a one-way funnel at the upper end of the ventilation hole. When gas is discharged from the upper end of the ventilation hole, the channel is continuously narrowed, the gas pressure gradually increases, and the liquid is not easy to leak from the upper end of the ventilation hole. When liquid leaks from the ventilation hole, the liquid will be guided to the included angle between the inclined plate and the inner wall of the hole due to the action of the adjusting inclined plate, reducing the liquid leakage.

[0012] Preferably, the lower end of the front side of the cover plate is provided with a chamfer, and the angle of the chamfer is 30 to 45 degrees. In operation, if there is no chamfer, the cover plate directly covers the ventilation hole, and the cover plate will be subjected to a large impact force due to the sudden reduction of the exhaust area, which can easily damage the cover plate and affect the service life. The chamfer can make the gas discharge along the inclined surface, reduce the impact force, and play a buffering role for the sealing of the ventilation hole. When the ventilation hole is not completely sealed, part of the gas has begun to impact the float on the auxiliary hole, the float is lifted, and part of the gas is discharged along the ventilation groove. At the same time, the gas discharged from the ventilation hole is guided by the chamfer and collides with the gas discharged from the ventilation groove, the gas diffuses outward, further enhancing the gas-liquid contact.

[0013] Preferably, the chute is provided with a positioning block matched with the chute, and the positioning block is connected with the tray through a screw. In operation, after the sealing module is installed on the tray, the sealing module has a tendency to move towards the inner wall of the tower body due to the magnetic attraction between the tower body inner wall and the permanent magnet. The positioning block installed at the starting point of the chute can position the sealing module at the designated position, preventing the sealing module from being damaged due to the collision with the tower body inner wall caused by the magnetic force between the permanent magnet and the tower body inner wall. Meanwhile, the sealing module is designed to be detachable, so that the sealing module can be detached and reinstalled when the tray is replaced, thereby saving the cost.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows:

[0015] 1. The plate-type packed rectifying tower provided with the adjusting module and the sealing module on the tray. When the gas corrosion of the air hole leads to serious liquid leakage, the adjusting module and the sealing module cooperate to seal the air hole, guide the gas to the auxiliary hole, increase the gas pressure, increase the gas-liquid contact, improve the plate efficiency, and relieve the liquid leakage. Meanwhile, the auxiliary hole is used to replace the corroded air hole, thereby increasing the service life of the tray.

[0016] 2. The plate-type packed rectifying tower provided with the tapered air groove and the gap between the top of the air groove and the upper end of the float. The design makes the gas pressure increase continuously during the process of passing through the air groove, so that the liquid is not easy to leak from the auxiliary hole, thereby reducing the liquid leakage. Meanwhile, the gap between the top of the air groove and the upper end of the float makes it difficult for the liquid to leak from the auxiliary hole before the float is lifted, i.e. when the sealing module is not working, thereby further reducing the liquid leakage.

[0017] 3. The plate-type packed rectifying tower provided with the elastic sealing pad fixed to the lower surface of the float cover. The design makes the auxiliary hole be ventilated only when the float is lifted to the position that the elastic sealing pad completely separates from the surface of the tray, thereby significantly reducing the liquid leakage caused by the slight movement of the float. Meanwhile, when the float is completely lifted to work, the gas passing through the air groove can be uniformly discharged outward along the arc surface of the elastic sealing pad, so that the gas and the liquid are in good contact. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] The present application will be further described below with reference to the drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 The three-dimensional drawing of the present application;

[0020] Figure 2 The exploded view of the present application;

[0021] Figure 3 The three-dimensional drawing of the tray in the present application;

[0022] Figure 4 The exploded view of the present application; Figure 3A-A direction cross-sectional view;

[0023] Figure 5 As Figure 4 Enlarged view at B;

[0024] Figure 6 As the working state diagram of the tray in the application;

[0025] Figure 7 As the three-dimensional view of the pocket plate in the application;

[0026] Figure 8 As the three-dimensional view of the float in the application;

[0027] In the figure: tower body 1, liquid return pipeline 11, air inlet 12, feed inlet 13, air outlet 14, discharge outlet 15, tray 2, tray 21, air hole 211, torsional spring 2111, adjusting inclined plate 2112, auxiliary hole 212, overflow weir 22, downcomer 23, liquid receiving tray 24, controller 3, adjusting module 4, return spring 41, float 42, air vent groove 421, float cover 422, elastic sealing pad 423, pocket plate 43, leakage hole 431, liquid level sensor 432, sealing module 5, cover plate 51, connecting rod 52, sliding block 53, permanent magnet 54, electromagnet 55, chute 56, positioning block 561. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the technical means, creative features, purposes and effects of the application easy to understand, the application will be further described below in combination with specific embodiments.

[0029] As Figures 1 to 8 shown, the plate-type filler rectifying tower of the application comprises a tower body 1, a tray 2 and a controller 3, one side of the tower body 1 is provided with a liquid return pipeline 11, the same side of the tower body 1 is provided with an air inlet 12, the other side of the tower body 1 is provided with a feed inlet 13, the top center of the tower body 1 is provided with an air outlet 14, and the bottom center of the tower body 1 is provided with a discharge outlet 15; the tray 2 comprises a tray 21, an overflow weir 22, a downcomer 23 and a liquid receiving tray 24, both sides of the tray 21 have gaps; the tray 21 is uniformly provided with air holes 211 in the middle; the liquid receiving tray 24 is installed in the gap on one side of the tray 21; the overflow weir 22 is vertically installed in the gap on the other side of the tray 21; the downcomer 23 is installed on the side of the overflow weir 22, and the inclined surface of the downcomer 23 faces outward; wherein the tray 2 is uniformly fixed in the vertical direction on the support welded to the inner wall of the tower body 1, and the tray 2 divides the inside of the tower body 1 into communicating "S" type spaces; the controller 3 is installed in the middle of the outer wall of the tower body 1, and the controller 3 is used to control the automatic operation of the rectifying tower;

[0030] The tower plate 21 is provided with an adjusting module 4 and a sealing module 5, and the vent hole 211 is provided in a Z-shaped cross section;

[0031] The adjusting module 4 comprises a reset spring 41, a float 42 and a scoop plate 43, one side of each of the aeration holes 211 is provided with a corresponding auxiliary hole 212 which is in communication with the middle part of the aeration hole 211; the lower end of the float 42 is uniformly distributed with a group of aeration grooves 421 in the circumferential direction, the float 42 is installed in the auxiliary hole 212, the bottom of the aeration groove 421 is communicated with the auxiliary hole 212; the reset spring 41 is arranged outside the lower end of the float 42; the scoop plate 43 is in the shape of a spoon, the spoon handle end of the scoop plate 43 is fixed on the bottom surface of the tray plate 21, the spoon surface of the other end is located directly below the lower end of the aeration hole 211, the scoop plate 43 corresponds to each aeration hole 211 one by one; the spoon surface of the scoop plate 43 is uniformly distributed with a group of leakage holes 431 at one third of the bottom of the scoop plate 43, and a liquid level sensor 432 is installed on the top of the spoon surface of the scoop plate 43; the sealing module 5 comprises a cover plate 51, a connecting rod 52, a sliding block 53, a permanent magnet 54 and an electromagnet 55, the tray plate 21 is provided with a sliding groove 56, the tray plate 21 is provided with the cover plate 51, the adjacent cover plates 51 are connected by the connecting rod 52, the sliding block 53 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the cover plate 51, and the sliding block 53 and the sliding groove 56 are slidingly connected; the permanent magnet 54 is installed on the side surface of the cover plate 51 located at the rear side of the tray plate 21, and the electromagnet 55 is fixed on the outer wall of the tower body 1 corresponding to the position of the permanent magnet 54.When working, gas enters the tower body 1 from the gas inlet 12, liquid enters the tower body 1 from the feed inlet 13, the gas in the tower moves upward, the liquid moves downward, the gas-liquid two phases flow countercurrently, the light components in the gas phase leave the gas outlet 14 through the rectification process, part of the gas is returned to the tower body 1 through the liquid return pipeline 11 after being liquefied, the heavy components in the liquid phase are discharged from the discharge outlet through the rectification process; the main contact between the gas and the liquid occurs on the tray 21 arranged on the tray 2, part of the liquid is blocked and retained on the tray 21 by the overflow weir 22, and the other part passes through the overflow weir 22 and flows to the next layer along the downcomer 23; part of the gas is discharged upward from the air hole 211 and contacts the liquid retained on the tray 21, and the other part bypasses the tray 21 and moves upward and contacts the liquid flowing down along the downcomer 23, and the gas and the liquid are fully contacted in the process of layer-by-layer progression between the tray 21; in the process that the gas is discharged upward through the air hole 211, the air hole 211 will be gradually expanded due to the corrosion of the gas to the air hole 211, which causes insufficient gas pressure, resulting in that the liquid directly leaks from the air hole 211 to the next layer, the gas-liquid contact is reduced, and the tray efficiency is reduced; the air hole 211 is arranged in a Z-shaped cross section shape, which can play a buffering role and prolong the service life of the air hole 211, in order to avoid serious liquid leakage, the adjusting module 4 and the sealing module 5 are used in cooperation, when the tray 21 leaks, the liquid falls on the baffle plate 43 located directly below the air hole 211, when the falling speed of the liquid is greater than the liquid leakage speed of the leakage hole 431 on the baffle plate 43, the liquid surface on the baffle plate 43 continuously rises until the liquid surface triggers the liquid level sensor 432, the controller 3 receives the signal of the liquid level sensor 432 to control the electromagnet 55 to start working, at this time, the magnetic poles of the electromagnet 55 and the permanent magnet 54 repel each other, the magnetic force pushes the cover plate 51 to slide along the sliding groove 56 to completely cover the air hole 211, the air hole 211 is closed, the gas can only pass through the auxiliary hole 212 and the air groove 421 to lift the floating block 42 to communicate with the tray 21, because the opening of the air groove 421 is much smaller than that of the air hole 211, the gas is pressurized in the process of being discharged, the liquid leakage is reduced, and the tray efficiency is improved; through the cooperation of the adjusting module 4 and the sealing module 5, when the air hole 211 is corroded to cause liquid leakage, the liquid level sensor 432 sends a signal to the controller 3, the controller 3 controls the sealing module 5 to close the air hole 211 and guide the gas to the auxiliary hole 212, at this time, the liquid leakage phenomenon is reduced, and the service life of the tray 21 is greatly increased.

[0032] As an embodiment of the present application, the venting groove 421 is tapered, the opening diameter of the venting groove 421 gradually decreases towards the upper end of the float 42, and a gap is left between the top of the venting groove 421 and the upper end of the float 42. In operation, when the gas moves upwards along the venting groove 421, the gas pressure increases due to the gradually decreasing opening of the venting groove 421, so that the liquid is less likely to leak from the auxiliary hole 212. Meanwhile, the gap left between the top of the venting groove 421 and the upper end of the float 42 allows the auxiliary hole 212 to be in a sealed state before the float 42 is lifted, i.e. when the rectifying tower is in normal operation, so that the liquid cannot leak from the auxiliary hole 212, reducing the liquid leakage and ensuring the adjustability of the auxiliary hole 212.

[0033] As an embodiment of the present application, the upper end of the float 42 is provided with a float cover 422, the lower surface of the float cover 422 is fixedly connected with an elastic sealing gasket 423, the cross section of the elastic sealing gasket 423 is arc-shaped, and the convex side of the elastic sealing gasket 423 faces the float 42. One end of the return spring 41 is connected to the auxiliary hole 212, and the other end is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the float cover 422. In operation, the return spring 41 is in a normal state when the lower surface of the float cover 422 is in contact with the upper surface of the tray 21. Since the elastic sealing gasket 423 is located below the float cover 422, the float cover 422 cannot be in contact with the tray 21, so the return spring 41 is slightly stretched, and the spring tension allows the elastic sealing gasket 423 to be in close contact with the tray 21. Since the convex side of the elastic sealing gasket 423 faces the float 42, the elastic sealing gasket 423 is further convex towards the float 42 under the action of the spring force, and the edge is slightly raised. At this time, even if the float 42 is slightly lifted, the lower end of the elastic sealing gasket 423 will still be in contact with the tray 21, maintaining the sealing, thereby increasing the sealing performance of the auxiliary hole 212. When the gas enters the auxiliary hole 212, the float 42 must be lifted to the point that the elastic sealing gasket 423 is completely separated from the surface of the tray 21, so that the auxiliary hole 212 can be ventilated, significantly reducing the liquid leakage caused by the slight movement of the float 42. Meanwhile, when the float 42 is completely lifted, the gas passing through the venting groove 42 is changed from being ejected outward along a point to being diffused along the arc surface of the elastic sealing gasket 423, greatly enhancing the contact between the gas and liquid phases.

[0034] As an embodiment of the present application, the upper end of the venting hole 211 is connected with two symmetrical adjusting inclined plates 2112 through a torsional spring 2111, and the two sides of the adjusting inclined plate 2112 are provided with bent edges. In operation, the two adjusting inclined plates 2112 form a one-way funnel at the upper end of the venting hole 211. When the gas is discharged from the upper end of the venting hole 211, the gas pressure gradually increases due to the continuously narrowing passage, so that the liquid is less likely to leak from the upper end of the venting hole 211. When the liquid leaks from the venting hole 211, the liquid will be guided to the included angle between the inclined plate and the inner wall of the hole due to the action of the adjusting inclined plate 2112, reducing the liquid leakage.

[0035] As an embodiment of the present application, the front lower end edge of the cover plate 51 is provided with a chamfer, and the angle of the chamfer is 30 to 45 degrees. In operation, if no chamfer is provided, the cover plate 51 directly covers the vent hole 211, and because the exhaust area is suddenly reduced, the cover plate 51 will be subjected to a greater impact force, which can easily cause damage to the cover plate 51 and affect the service life. The chamfer allows the gas to be discharged along the inclined surface, which reduces the impact force and provides a buffer for the closure of the vent hole 211. When the vent hole 211 is not completely closed, a portion of the gas has already begun to impact the float 42 on the auxiliary hole 212, the float 42 is lifted, and a portion of the gas is discharged along the vent groove 421. At the same time, the gas discharged from the vent hole 211 is guided by the chamfer and collides with the gas discharged from the vent groove 421, which further enhances the gas-liquid contact.

[0036] As an embodiment of the present application, the sliding groove 56 is provided with a positioning block 561 matched with the sliding groove 56, and the positioning block 561 is connected with the tower plate 21 by screws. In operation, after the sealing module 5 is installed on the tower plate 21, because of the magnetic attraction between the inner wall of the tower body 1 and the permanent magnet 54, the sealing module 5 tends to move towards the inner wall of the tower body 1. The positioning block 561 installed at the starting point of the sliding groove 56 can position the sealing module 5 at the specified position, preventing the sealing module 5 from being damaged due to the collision with the inner wall of the tower body 1 caused by the magnetic force between the permanent magnet 54 and the inner wall of the tower body 1. At the same time, the sealing module 5 is designed to be detachable, so that when the tower plate 21 is replaced, the sealing module 5 can be detached and reinstalled, saving costs.

[0037] In operation, gas enters the tower body 1 from the gas inlet 12, liquid enters the tower body 1 from the liquid inlet 13, the gas in the tower moves upward, the liquid moves downward, the gas-liquid two phases flow countercurrently, the light components in the gas phase leave the gas outlet 14 through the rectification process, part of the gas in the gas phase is liquefied and then returns to the tower body 1 through the liquid return pipeline 11, and the heavy components in the liquid phase are discharged from the liquid outlet through the rectification process; the main contact between the gas and the liquid occurs on the tray 21 provided on the tray 2, part of the liquid is blocked on the tray 21 by the overflow weir 22, and the other part flows to the next layer along the downcomer 23; part of the gas is discharged upward from the air hole 211 to contact the liquid remaining on the tray 21, and the other part bypasses the tray 21 to move upward to contact the liquid flowing down along the downcomer 23; the gas and the liquid are in full contact during the process of passing through each layer of the tray 21; during the process that the gas is discharged upward through the air hole 211, the gas will cause corrosion to the air hole 211, the air hole 211 will gradually expand to cause insufficient gas pressure, which leads to that the liquid directly leaks from the air hole 211 to the next layer, the gas-liquid contact is reduced, and the plate efficiency is reduced; the cross-sectional shape of the air hole 211 is arranged in a Z shape to play a buffering role, which prolongs the service life of the air hole 211; in order to avoid the serious liquid leakage phenomenon, the adjusting module 4 and the sealing module 5 are used in cooperation, when the liquid leaks from the tray 21, the liquid falls on the baffle plate 43 located directly below the air hole 211, when the falling speed of the liquid is greater than the liquid leakage speed of the leakage hole 431 on the baffle plate 43, the liquid surface on the baffle plate 43 continuously rises until the liquid surface triggers the liquid level sensor 432, the controller 3 receives the signal of the liquid level sensor 432 to control the electromagnet 55 to start working, at this time, the magnetic poles of the electromagnet 55 and the permanent magnet 54 repel each other, the magnetic force pushes the cover plate 51 to slide along the sliding groove 56 to completely cover the air hole 211, the air hole 211 is closed, the gas can only pass through the auxiliary hole 212 and the air groove 421 to lift the floating block 42 to communicate with the tray 21, in this process, artificial pressurization of the gas is realized, liquid leakage is reduced, and the plate efficiency is improved; through the cooperation of the adjusting module 4 and the sealing module 5, when the air hole 211 is corroded to cause the liquid leakage phenomenon, the liquid level sensor 432 sends a signal to the controller 3, the controller 3 controls the sealing module 5 to close the air hole 211, and the gas is guided to the auxiliary hole 212, at this time, the liquid leakage phenomenon is reduced, and the service life of the tray 21 is greatly increased.

[0038] The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present application are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, the above-mentioned embodiments and descriptions in the specification are only to illustrate the principles of the present application, and various changes and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present application. The scope of protection of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A plate-type packed rectifying column, comprising a column body (1), a tray (2) and a controller (3), one side of the column body (1) is provided with a liquid reflux pipe (11) at the upper side, the same side of the column body (1) is provided with an air inlet (12) at the lower side, the other side of the column body (1) is provided with a feed inlet (13) at the lower side, the top center of the column body (1) is provided with an air outlet (14), and the bottom center of the column body (1) is provided with a product outlet (15); the tray (2) comprises a tray plate (21), an overflow weir (22), a downcomer (23) and a receiving tray (24), both sides of the tray plate (21) are provided with gaps, and the middle part of the tray plate (21) is uniformly provided with air holes (211); the receiving tray (24) is installed at the gap on one side of the tray plate (21); the overflow weir (22) is vertically installed at the gap on the other side of the tray plate (21); the downcomer (23) is installed on the overflow weir (22) and has a slope towards the outside; the tray (2) is evenly fixed in the vertical direction on the support welded on the inner wall of the column body (1) and divides the inside of the column body (1) into a communicating "S" type space; the controller (3) is installed in the middle of the outer wall of the column body (1) and is used to control the automatic operation of the rectifying column; characterized in that the tray plate (21) is provided with an adjusting module (4) and a sealing module (5), and the cross-sectional shape of the air hole (211) is Z-shaped; the adjusting module (4) comprises a return spring (41), a floating block (42) and a scoop plate (43), one side of each air hole (211) is provided with a corresponding auxiliary hole (212), and the auxiliary hole (212) is in communication with the middle part of the air hole (211); the lower end of the floating block (42) is uniformly distributed with a group of air grooves (421) in the circumferential direction, the floating block (42) is installed in the auxiliary hole (212), and the bottom of the air groove (421) is in communication with the auxiliary hole (212); the return spring (41) is arranged outside the lower end of the floating block (42); the scoop plate (43) is in the shape of a spoon, the spoon handle end of the scoop plate (43) is fixed on the bottom surface of the tray plate (21), the other end of the spoon surface is located directly below the lower end of the air hole (211), and the scoop plate (43) corresponds to each air hole (211) one by one; the spoon surface of the scoop plate (43) is uniformly distributed with a group of leakage holes (431) in the circumferential direction, and a liquid level sensor (432) is installed on the top of the spoon surface of the scoop plate (43); the sealing module (5) comprises a cover plate (51), a connecting rod (52), a sliding block (53), a permanent magnet (54) and an electromagnet (55), the tray plate (21) is provided with a sliding groove (56), the cover plate (51) is arranged on the tray plate (21), the adjacent cover plates (51) are connected by the connecting rod (52), the sliding block (53) is fixedly connected with the lower end of the cover plate (51), and the sliding block (53) and the sliding groove (56) are slidingly connected; the permanent magnet (54) is installed on the side surface of the cover plate (51) located at the back side of the tray plate (21), and the electromagnet (55) is fixed on the outer wall of the column body (1) at the position corresponding to the permanent magnet (54). The vent groove (421) is tapered, the opening diameter of the vent groove (421) gradually decreases towards the upper end of the float block (42), and a gap is left between the top of the vent groove (421) and the upper end of the float block (42); The upper end of the float block (42) is provided with a float block cover (422), the lower bottom surface of the float block cover (422) is fixedly connected with an elastic sealing gasket (423), the cross section of the elastic sealing gasket (423) is arc-shaped, and the convex side of the elastic sealing gasket (423) faces the float block (42); The upper end of the vent hole (211) is torsionally connected with two symmetrical adjusting inclined plates (2112) through a torsion spring (2111), and the two sides of the adjusting inclined plate (2112) are provided with bent edges; The front lower end edge of the cover plate (51) is provided with a chamfer, and the angle of the chamfer is 30-45 degrees; The sliding groove (56) is provided with a positioning block (561) matched with the sliding groove (56), and the positioning block (561) and the tray (21) are connected through screws; Through the cooperation of the adjusting module (4) and the sealing module (5), after the vent hole (211) is corroded to cause liquid leakage, the liquid level sensor (432) sends a signal to the controller (3), the controller (3) controls the sealing module (5) to close the vent hole (211), and the gas is guided to the auxiliary hole (212), at this time, the liquid leakage phenomenon is reduced.

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