Power supply devices and systems

Abstract

The power supply device and system provided by the embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of power supply technology. The power supply device includes a control module and a battery. At least one input port of the control module is electrically connected to at least one first power supply device, at least one output port of the control module is electrically connected to at least one load respectively or is electrically connected to at least one load respectively through multiple second power supply devices, and the control module is electrically connected to the battery. The control module determines that the one with the highest power among the at least one first power supply device and the battery supplies power to the load based on the first power information provided by each first power supply device and the second power information of the battery. Alternatively, the control module transmits the power information with the highest power to at least one second power supply device electrically connected to the power supply device, so as to select at least one power supply device with high power information from the at least one first power supply device, the battery power supply device, and the multiple second power supply devices to supply power to the load. The power supply device has the advantages of high power supply reliability and strong endurance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of power supply technology, and in particular to a power supply device and system. Background Art

[0002] Current outdoor electrical equipment (such as weather stations and monitoring stations) is often powered by solar energy because it's located far from utility power. However, this current approach relies on a single solar power supply unit to power a single device. If different devices have varying power consumption, the same solar power supply unit may not be compatible with all of them, resulting in poor compatibility. Furthermore, using a single solar power supply unit to power a single device also presents drawbacks such as low power reliability and limited battery life. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention includes providing a power supply device and system, which can supply power to loads with different power consumption requirements and has the advantages of high power supply reliability and long endurance.

[0004] The embodiments of the present invention can be implemented as follows:

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a power supply device, comprising a control module and a battery, wherein at least one input port of the control module is electrically connected to at least one first power supply device, and at least one output port of the control module is electrically connected one-to-one to at least one load or is electrically connected one-to-one to at least one load through multiple second power supply devices, and the control module is also electrically connected to the battery; the control module is used to determine, based on the first power information provided by each first power supply device and the second power information of the battery, the power supply device with the highest power among the at least one first power supply device and the battery to supply power to at least one load; or, transmit the power information with the highest power among the first power information and the second power information to at least one second power supply device electrically connected to the power supply device, so as to compare between the multiple second power supply devices, and thereby select at least one power supply device with high power information from the at least one first power supply device, the battery power supply device and the multiple second power supply devices to supply power to at least one load.

[0006] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a power supply system, comprising a plurality of power supply devices electrically connected to each other, the power supply devices being the power supply device, the first power supply device or the second power supply device of any one of the aforementioned embodiments, wherein the functions and structures of the power supply device, the first power supply device and the second power supply device are the same.

[0007] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention are as follows: at least one input port of the control module of the power supply device is electrically connected to at least one first power supply device, and at least one output port of the control module is electrically connected to at least one load in a one-to-one correspondence or is electrically connected to at least one load in a one-to-one correspondence through multiple second power supply devices. By comparing the power information between at least one first power supply device, the power supply device and the multiple second power supply devices, it is possible to select at least one power supply device with high power from the at least one first power supply device, the power supply device and the multiple second power supply devices to supply power to at least one load, thereby meeting the power consumption requirements of different loads and improving the compatibility of the power supply system. At the same time, the load is powered by comparing the power information between at least one first power supply device, the power supply device and the multiple second power supply devices. When the battery capacity of one of the power supply devices is insufficient, other power supply devices will supply power to the load, making the power supply reliability higher and the battery life stronger. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0008] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0009] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a first power supply system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0010] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a second power supply system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0011] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a third power supply system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0012] Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of a fourth power supply system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0013] Figure 5 A structural block diagram of a power supply device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 6 A structural block diagram of another power supply device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 7 A structural block diagram of a control module of a power supply device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 8 A circuit diagram of a communication decoding unit of a power supply device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 9 A communication schematic diagram of a first voltage provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 10 A circuit diagram of a communication coding unit of a power supply device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of communicating the second power information provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 12 A circuit schematic diagram of a power supply switching unit and a main control unit of a power supply device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 13 A structural block diagram of a control module of another power supply device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 14 A circuit schematic diagram of an electric meter unit of a power supply device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 15 A circuit schematic diagram of a discharge limiting unit of a power supply device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 16 A circuit schematic diagram of a current detection unit of a power supply device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 17 A circuit schematic diagram of a power supply selection unit of a power supply device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 18 A circuit diagram of a charging management unit of a power supply device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 19 A circuit diagram of a protection unit of a power supply device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 20 A circuit schematic diagram of a system power supply unit of a power supply device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 21 A circuit schematic diagram of a status indication unit of a power supply device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Icons: 1-power supply system; 2-load; 3-solar panel; 4-power supply; 10-power supply device; 20-first power supply device; 30-second power supply device; 31-parallel power supply device; 32-series power supply device; 33-output power supply device; 100-control module; 101-main control unit; 102-communication decoding unit; 1021-first comparison circuit; 1022-first voltage divider circuit; 103-communication encoding unit; 1031-first voltage conversion circuit; 1032-first switch; 104-power supply switching unit; 105-electricity meter unit; 106-discharge limiting unit; 1061-second comparison circuit; 1062-second voltage divider circuit; 1063-first switch circuit; 107-current Detection unit; 1071-amplifier circuit; 1072-voltage follower circuit; 1073-third comparison circuit; 108-power supply selection unit; 1081-fourth comparison circuit; 1082-second switch circuit; 1083-protection circuit; 109-charging management unit; 111-protection unit; 112-system power supply unit; 113-status indication unit; 200-battery; U1-first comparator; U2-first voltage regulator chip; U3-metering chip; U4-second comparator; U5-operational amplifier; U6-voltage follower; U7-third comparator; U8-fourth comparator; U9-main control chip; U10-switch chip; U11-detection chip; U12-second switch; U13-second voltage regulator Chip; U14 - charging management chip; R1 - first resistor; R2 - second resistor; R3 - third resistor; R4 - fourth resistor; R5 - fifth resistor; R6 - sixth resistor; R7 - seventh resistor; R8 - eighth resistor; R9 - ninth resistor; R10 - tenth resistor; R11 - eleventh resistor; R12 - twelfth resistor; R13 - thirteenth resistor; R14 - fourteenth resistor; R15 - fifteenth resistor; R16 - sixteenth resistor; R17 - seventeenth resistor; R18 - eighteenth resistor; R19 - nineteenth resistor; R20 - twentieth resistor; R21 - twenty-first resistor; R22 - twenty-second resistor; R23 - twenty-third resistor; R24 - twenty-fourth resistor; R25 - twenty-fifth resistor; R26 - 26th resistor; R27 - 27th resistor; R28 - 28th resistor; R29 - 29th resistor; R30 - 30th resistor; R31 - 31st resistor; R32 - 32nd resistor; R33 - 33rd resistor; R34 - 34th resistor; R35 - 35th resistor; R36 - 36th resistor; R37 - 37th resistor; R38 - 38th resistor; R39 - 39th resistor; R40 - 40th resistor; R41 - 41st resistor; R42 - 42nd resistor; R43 - 43rd resistor; R44 - 44th resistor; R45 - 45th resistor; C1 - first capacitor; C2 - second capacitor; C3 - third capacitor; C4 - fourth capacitor;C5 - fifth capacitor; C6 - sixth capacitor; C7 - seventh capacitor; C8 - eighth capacitor; C9 - ninth capacitor; C10 - tenth capacitor; C11 - eleventh capacitor; C12 - twelfth capacitor; C13 - thirteenth capacitor; C14 - fourteenth capacitor; C15 - fifteenth capacitor; C16 - sixteenth capacitor; C17 - seventeenth capacitor; L1 - first inductor; Q1 - first switch; Q2 - second switch; Q3 - third switch; Q4 - fourth Four switching tubes; Q5 - fifth switching tube; Q6 - sixth switching tube; J1 - input port; J2 - output port; D1 - first indicator light; D2 - first TVS tube; D3 - second TVS tube; D4 - third TVS tube; D5 - discharge tube; D6 - first diode; D7 - second diode; D8 - third diode; D9 - second indicator light; D10 - third indicator light; D11 - fourth indicator light; D12 - fifth indicator light; F1 - fuse. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0032] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but rather merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined or explained in subsequent drawings.

[0034] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or is the orientation or position relationship in which the product of the invention is usually placed when in use. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0035] In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc., if used, are merely used to distinguish and describe, and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0036] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the features in the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other.

[0037] In this embodiment, the power supply system includes a plurality of power supply devices electrically connected to each other, and the power supply devices are power supply devices, first power supply devices, or second power supply devices. At least one input port of the power supply device is electrically connected to at least one first power supply device, and at least one output port of the power supply device is electrically connected to at least one load in a one-to-one correspondence or is electrically connected to at least one load in a one-to-one correspondence through multiple second power supply devices. The power supply device is used to determine the power supply device with the highest power among at least one first power supply device and the power supply device based on the first power information provided by each first power supply device and the second power information of the power supply device itself to supply power to at least one load; or, transmit the power information with the highest power among the first power information and the second power information to at least one second power supply device electrically connected to the power supply device, so as to compare among the multiple second power supply devices, thereby realizing the selection of at least one power supply device with high power information from at least one first power supply device, the power supply device, and the multiple second power supply devices to supply power to at least one load. Among them, the functions and structures of the power supply device, the first power supply device, and the second power supply device are the same.

[0038] It is understood that the power supply device, the first power supply device, and the second power supply device are all power supply devices. To facilitate the description of the solution, one of the multiple power supply devices is named the power supply device, the power supply device that provides the first power information to the power supply device is named the first power supply device, and the power supply device electrically connected between the power supply device and the load is named the second power supply device. The power supplies are compared with each other, and then at least one power supply device with a higher power is selected from the multiple power supply devices to supply power to the load.

[0039] Since the number of input ports and output ports of a power supply device can be one or more, there are many ways to connect multiple power supply devices in the power supply system. Figure 1 , which is a schematic diagram of a first practicable structure of the power supply system 1 provided in this embodiment. The power supply device 10, the first power supply device 20, and the second power supply device 30 in the power supply system 1 are each provided with an input port J1 and an output port J2. The input port J1 of the power supply device 10 is electrically connected to the output port J2 of a first power supply device 20, and the output port J2 of the power supply device 10 is electrically connected to a load 2 or is electrically connected to a load 2 via multiple second power supply devices 30 connected in series.

[0040] In this embodiment, the power supply device 10 is used to determine that the one with higher power among the first power supply device 20 and the power supply device 10 supplies power to the load 2 based on the first power information provided by the first power supply device 20 and the second power information of the power supply device 10 itself; or, transmit the higher power information among the first power information and the second power information to the second power supply device 30 electrically connected to the power supply device 10, so as to compare among the multiple second power supply devices 30, and thereby select the power supply device with the highest power from the first power supply device 20, the power supply device 10 and the multiple second power supply devices 30 to supply power to the load.

[0041] It can be understood that the power supply device 10 compares the first power information with the second power information. If the first power information is higher than the second power information, the first power information is transmitted to the load 2, so that the first power supply device 20 can supply power to the load 2. It can be considered that the power supply device 10 at this time acts as a transfer device for the first power supply device 20 to supply power to the load 2. If the first power information is not higher than the second power information, the second power information is transmitted to the load 2, so that the power supply device 10 can supply power to the load 2.

[0042] The power supply device 10 compares the first power information with the second power information. If the first power information is higher than the second power information, the first power information is transmitted to the second power supply device 30 electrically connected to the power supply device 10 for comparison among the multiple second power supply devices 30. The power supply device with the highest power information is selected from the first power supply device 20 and the multiple second power supply devices 30 to supply power to the load 2. If the first power information is not higher than the second power information, the second power information is transmitted to the second power supply device 30 electrically connected to the power supply device 10 for comparison among the multiple second power supply devices 30. The power supply device with the highest power information is selected from the power supply device 10 and the multiple second power supply devices 30 to supply power to the load 2.

[0043] If the plurality of second power supply devices 30 include a second power supply device a and a second power supply device b, the power supply device 10 is electrically connected to the load 2 via the second power supply device a and the second power supply device b connected in series, that is, the first power supply device 20, the power supply device 10, the second power supply device a, the second power supply device b, and the load 2 are electrically connected in sequence. The first power supply information of the first power supply device 20 is first transmitted to the power supply device 10 so that the power supply device 10 compares the first power supply information with the second power supply information of the power supply device 10. If the first power supply information is higher than the second power supply information, the power supply device 10 transmits the first power supply information to the second power supply device a; if the first power supply information is not higher than the second power supply information, the power supply device 10 transmits the second power supply information to the second power supply device a. So that the second power supply device a compares the first power information with the third power information of the second power supply device a, or the second power supply device a compares the second power information with the third power information, if the first power information is higher than the third power information, the second power supply device a transmits the first power information to the second power supply device b; if both the first power information and the second power information are not higher than the third power information, the second power supply device a transmits the third power information to the second power supply device b; if the second power information is higher than the third power information, the second power supply device a transmits the second power information to the second power supply device b. So that the second power supply device b compares the first power information, the second power information, or the third power information with the fourth power information of the second power supply device b. If the first power information is higher than the fourth power information, the second power supply device b transmits the first power information to the load 2, so that the first power supply device 20 can supply power to the load 2; if the second power information is higher than the fourth power information, the second power supply device b transmits the second power information to the load 2, so that the power supply device 10 can supply power to the load 2; if the third power information is higher than the fourth power information, the second power supply device b transmits the third power information to the load 2, so that the second power supply device a can supply power to the load 2; if the first power information, the second power information, and the third power information are not higher than the fourth power information, the second power supply device b transmits the fourth power information to the load 2, so that the second power supply device b can supply power to the load 2. The above method is used to select the power supply device with the highest power information from the first power supply device 20, the power supply device 10, and the multiple second power supply devices 30 to supply power to the load 2. Of course, the number of the second power supply devices 30 can be set according to actual needs, and is not limited to the two second power supply devices 30 of the second power supply device a and the second power supply device b in this embodiment.

[0044] Please refer to Figure 2, which is a schematic diagram of a second possible implementation of the power supply system 1 provided in this embodiment. The power supply device 10, the first power supply device 20, and the second power supply device 30 in the power supply system 1 are each provided with multiple input ports J1 and one output port J2. The multiple input ports J1 of the power supply device 10 are electrically connected to the multiple first power supply devices 20 in a one-to-one correspondence, and the output port J2 of the power supply device 10 is electrically connected to a load 2 or to a load 2 via multiple second power supply devices 30 connected in series.

[0045] In this embodiment, the power supply device 10 is used to determine the power supply device with the highest power among multiple first power supply devices 20 and the power supply device 10 to supply power to the load 2 based on the first power information provided by each first power supply device 20 and the second power information of the power supply device 10; or, transmit the power information with the highest power among the multiple first power information and the second power information to the second power supply device 30 electrically connected to the power supply device 10, so as to compare between the multiple second power supply devices 30, and thereby select the power supply device with the highest power information from the multiple first power supply devices 20, the power supply device 10 and the multiple second power supply devices 30 to supply power to the load 2.

[0046] It is understood that when the power supply device 10 is directly electrically connected to the load 2, the power information received by the load 2 may be the second power information of the power supply device 10, or the first power information provided by the first power supply device 20 with the highest power among the multiple first power supply devices 20. The first power information provided by the first power supply device 20 with the highest power may be the first power supply device 20 itself, or may be provided by another power supply device electrically connected to the first power supply device 20. In other words, since each first power supply device 20 has multiple input ports J1, each first power supply device 20 can also be electrically connected to other power supply devices through the input port J1.

[0047] When the power supply device 10 is electrically connected to the load 2 through multiple second power supply devices 30 connected in series, the power information received by the load 2 can be the second power information of the power supply device 10. It can also be the first power information provided by the first power supply device 20 with the highest power among the multiple first power supply devices 20. The first power information provided by the first power supply device 20 with the highest power can be provided by the first power supply device 20 itself or by another power supply device electrically connected to the first power supply device 20. It can also be the power information provided by the second power supply device 30 with the highest power among the multiple second power supply devices 30 connected in series. The power information provided by the second power supply device 30 with the highest power can be provided by the second power supply device 30 itself or by another power supply device electrically connected to the second power supply device 30. In other words, because each second power supply device 30 has multiple input ports J1, each second power supply device 30 can also be electrically connected to other power supply devices through the input port J1.

[0048] Please refer to Figure 3 , is a schematic diagram of a third practicable structure of the power supply system 1 provided in this embodiment. The power supply device 10, the first power supply device 20, and the second power supply device 30 in the power supply system 1 are each provided with an input port J1 and multiple output ports J2. The input port J1 of the power supply device 10 is electrically connected to a first power supply device 20, the multiple output ports J2 of the power supply device 10 are electrically connected to multiple loads 2 in a one-to-one correspondence, or are electrically connected to multiple loads 2 in a one-to-one correspondence through multiple second power supply devices 30, the multiple parallel power supply devices 31 in the multiple second power supply devices 30 are electrically connected to the multiple output ports J2 of the power supply device 10 in a one-to-one correspondence, each parallel power supply device 31 is electrically connected to the multiple series power supply devices 32 in the multiple second power supply devices 30 in a one-to-one correspondence, and the multiple output power supply devices 33 in the multiple series power supply devices 32 are electrically connected to the multiple loads 2 in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0049] In this embodiment, the power supply device 10 is used to determine that the first power supply device 20 and the power supply device 10 with higher power supply information supplies power to multiple loads 2 based on the first power supply information provided by the first power supply device 20 and the second power supply information of the power supply device 10; or, transmit the higher power supply information of the first power supply information and the second power supply information to each parallel power supply device 31, so that each parallel power supply device 31 can be compared with the multiple series power supply devices 32 connected in series with each other, thereby realizing the selection of multiple power supply devices with higher power supply information from the first power supply device 20, the power supply device 10 and the multiple second power supply devices 30 to supply power to multiple loads 2.

[0050] It is understood that when the power supply device 10 is directly electrically connected to multiple loads 2, the power information received by each load 2 can be the second power information of the power supply device 10, or the first power information provided by the first power supply device 20. The first power information provided by the first power supply device 20 can be the first power supply device 20 itself, or it can be provided by another power supply device electrically connected to the first power supply device 20. In other words, since the first power supply device 20 has an input port J1, the first power supply device 20 can also be electrically connected to other power supply devices through the input port J1.

[0051] When the power supply device 10 is electrically connected to multiple loads 2 via multiple second power supply devices 30, the power information received by each load 2 can be the second power information of the power supply device 10. Alternatively, it can be the first power information provided by the first power supply device 20. The first power information provided by the first power supply device 20 can be from the first power supply device 20 itself or from another power supply device electrically connected to the first power supply device 20. Alternatively, it can be from multiple second power supply devices 30 with higher power levels. The power information provided by these multiple second power supply devices 30 with higher power levels can be from at least one of the multiple parallel power supply devices 31, at least one of the series power supply devices 32, and at least one of the output power supply devices 33. In other words, since each parallel power supply device 31 has multiple output ports J2, each parallel power supply device 31 can also be electrically connected to multiple series power supply devices 32 via the output port J2. Since each series power supply device 32 also has multiple output ports J2, each series power supply device can also be electrically connected to other series power supply devices 32 via the output port J2. Since multiple output power supply devices 33 are electrically connected to multiple loads 2 in a one-to-one correspondence, the power information received by the loads 2 electrically connected to different output power supply devices 33 may be different, and the power information received by the loads 2 electrically connected to the same output power supply device 33 is the same.

[0052] Please refer to Figure 4 , is a schematic diagram of a fourth practicable structure of the power supply system 1 provided in this embodiment. The power supply device 10, the first power supply device 20, and the second power supply device 30 in the power supply system 1 are each provided with multiple input ports J1 and multiple output ports J2. The multiple input ports J1 of the power supply device 10 are electrically connected to the multiple first power supply devices 20 in a one-to-one correspondence, respectively. The multiple output ports J2 of the power supply device 10 are electrically connected to the multiple loads 2 in a one-to-one correspondence, respectively, or are electrically connected to the multiple loads 2 in a one-to-one correspondence through the multiple second power supply devices 30. The multiple parallel power supply devices 31 in the multiple second power supply devices are electrically connected to the multiple power transmission ports J2 of the power supply device in a one-to-one correspondence, respectively. Each parallel power supply device 31 is electrically connected to the multiple series power supply devices 32 in the multiple second power supply devices 30 in a one-to-one correspondence, respectively. The multiple output power supply devices 33 in the multiple series power supply devices 32 are electrically connected to the multiple loads 2 in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0053] In this embodiment, the power supply device 10 is used to determine the power supply device with the highest power among the multiple first power supply devices 20 and the power supply device 10 to supply power to the multiple loads 2 based on the first power information provided by each first power supply device 20 and the second power information of the power supply device 10; or, transmit the power information with the highest power among the multiple first power information and the second power information to each parallel power supply device 31, so that each parallel power supply device 31 can be compared with the multiple series power supply devices 32 connected in series with each other, thereby realizing the selection of multiple power supply devices with high power from the multiple first power supply devices 20, the power supply device 10 and the multiple second power supply devices 30 to supply power to the multiple loads 2.

[0054] It is understood that when the power supply device 10 is directly electrically connected to multiple loads 2, the power information received by the multiple loads 2 can be the second power information of the power supply device 10, or the first power information provided by the first power supply device 20 with the highest power among the multiple first power supply devices 20. The first power information provided by the first power supply device 20 with the highest power can be the first power supply device 20 itself, or it can be provided by another power supply device electrically connected to the first power supply device 20. In other words, since each first power supply device 20 has multiple input ports J1, each first power supply device 20 can also be electrically connected to other power supply devices through the input port J1.

[0055] When the power supply device 10 is electrically connected to multiple loads 2 via multiple second power supply devices 30, the power information received by each load 2 can be the second power information of the power supply device 10. Alternatively, the power information can be the first power information provided by the first power supply device 20 with the highest power among the multiple first power supply devices 20. The first power information provided by the first power supply device 20 with the highest power can be provided by the first power supply device 20 itself or by another power supply device electrically connected to the first power supply device 20. Alternatively, the power information can be provided by multiple second power supply devices 30 with higher power among the multiple second power supply devices 30. The power information provided by the multiple second power supply devices 30 with higher power can be provided by at least one of the multiple parallel power supply devices 31, at least one of the series power supply devices 32, and at least one of the output power supply devices 33. In other words, since each parallel power supply device 31 has multiple output ports J2, each parallel power supply device 31 can also be electrically connected to multiple series power supply devices 32 via the output port J2. Since each series power supply device 32 also has multiple output ports J2, each series power supply device can also be electrically connected to other series power supply devices 32 via the output port J2. Since multiple output power supply devices 33 are electrically connected to multiple loads 2 in a one-to-one correspondence, and multiple series power supply devices 32 have multiple input ports J1 and multiple output ports J2, one series power supply device 32 can provide power information to different other series power supply devices 32. Therefore, the power information received by the loads 2 electrically connected to different output power supply devices 33 can be different or the same, and the power information received by the loads 2 electrically connected to the same output power supply device 33 is the same.

[0056] In this embodiment, the load 2 may be, but is not limited to, a weather station and a monitoring station.

[0057] It can be seen that selecting the power supply with the highest power from multiple power supply devices to power load 2 can meet the power consumption requirements of different loads 2. At the same time, when the power of one power supply device is insufficient, other power supply devices will supply power to load 2, making the power supply reliability higher and the battery life longer.

[0058] Since the power supply device 10, the first power supply device 20 and the second power supply device 30 have the same function and structure, the power supply device 10 is used as an example for detailed description. The specific functions and structures of the first power supply device 20 and the second power supply device 30 can be known by referring to the detailed description of the functions and structures of the power supply device 10. Figure 5, which is a block diagram of an implementable structure of the power supply device 10 provided in this embodiment. The power supply device 10 includes a control module 100 and a battery 200. At least one input port J1 of the control module 100 is electrically connected to at least one first power supply device 20, and at least one output port J2 of the control module 100 is electrically connected to at least one load 2. The control module 100 is also electrically connected to the battery 200.

[0059] In this embodiment, the control module 100 is used to determine the one with the highest power among at least one first power supply device 20 and the battery 200 to supply power to at least one load 2 based on the first power information provided by each first power supply device 20 and the second power information of the battery 200.

[0060] It can be understood that the control module 100 compares at least one first power information and the second power information. If one of the at least one first power information is the highest, the highest first power information is transmitted to the load 2, so that the first power supply device 20 supplies power to the load 2. It can be considered that the power supply device 10 at this time acts as a transfer device for the first power supply device 20 to supply power to the load 2. If the first power information is not higher than the second power information, the second power information is transmitted to the load 2, so that the power supply device 10 supplies power to the load 2.

[0061] Please refer to Figure 6 , which is another feasible structural block diagram of the power supply device 10 provided in this embodiment, Figure 6 The structure diagram of the power supply device 10 shown in FIG. Figure 5 The difference of the practicable structural block diagram of the power supply device 10 shown is that: Figure 5 The power supply device 10 shown is directly electrically connected to the load 2. Figure 6 The power supply device 10 shown is electrically connected to the load 2 via multiple second power supply devices 30. Since the power supply device 10 is electrically connected to the load 2 via multiple second power supply devices 30, the control module 100 of the power supply device 10 is configured to transmit the highest power information among the first power information provided by the at least one first power supply device 20 and the second power information of the battery 200 to the second power supply device 30 electrically connected to the power supply device 10 for comparison among the multiple second power supply devices 30, thereby selecting the at least one power supply device 10 with the highest power information from the at least one first power supply device 20, the power supply device 10 where the battery 200 is located, and the multiple second power supply devices 30 to supply power to the load 2.

[0062] It can be understood that the control module 100 of the power supply device 10 compares at least one first power information with the second power information. If one of the at least one first power information is the highest, the highest first power information is transmitted to the second power supply device 30 electrically connected to the power supply device 10 for comparison between the multiple second power supply devices 30, thereby realizing the selection of at least one power supply device 10 with the highest power information from the first power supply device 20 and the multiple second power supply devices 30 to supply power to the at least one load 2. If each first power information is not higher than the second power information, the second power information is transmitted to the second power supply device 30 electrically connected to the power supply device 10 for comparison between the power supply device 10 and the multiple second power supply devices 30, thereby realizing the selection of at least one power supply device 10 with the highest power information from the power supply device 10 where the battery 200 is located and the multiple second power supply devices 30 to supply power to the at least one load 2.

[0063] Please refer to Figure 7 ,for Figure 5 and Figure 6 The control module 100 shown is an implementable structural block diagram, wherein the control module 100 includes a main control unit 101, at least one communication decoding unit 102, a communication encoding unit 103 and a power supply switching unit 104. The main control unit 101 is electrically connected to at least one communication decoding unit 102, the communication encoding unit 103, the power supply switching unit 104 and the battery 200. At least one communication decoding unit 102 is electrically connected to at least one input port J1 in a one-to-one correspondence. The communication encoding unit 103 is electrically connected to the battery 200 and the power supply switching unit 104. The power supply switching unit 104 is electrically connected to at least one input port J1 and at least one output port J2.

[0064] In this embodiment, each communication decoding unit 102 is configured to obtain a first voltage carrying first coded information from a corresponding first power supply device 20, decode the first coded information to obtain decoded information, and transmit the decoded information to the main control unit 101 so that the main control unit 101 can obtain first power information based on the decoded information. The corresponding first power supply device 20 can be understood as being electrically connected to the communication decoding unit 102 via an input port J1.

[0065] It can be understood that the first voltage provided by each first power supply device 20 to the power supply device 10 carries the first coded information. The power supply device 10 can obtain the corresponding decoding information from the at least one first voltage through at least one communication decoding unit 102, and can obtain at least one first power information from the at least one decoding information through the main control unit 101, and compare the at least one first power information with the second power information of the battery 200. If one of the at least one first power information is the highest, the first voltage corresponding to the highest first power information is transmitted to at least one second power supply device 30 electrically connected to the power supply device 10, so as to compare between the multiple second power supply devices 30, thereby realizing the selection of the power supply device 10 with the highest power information from the at least one first power supply device 20 and the multiple second power supply devices 30 to power the load 2. In other words, the first voltage can not only transmit electrical energy, but also transmit communication information (for example, the first power information).

[0066] Please refer to Figure 8 ,for Figure 7 The communication decoding unit 102 shown is an implementable circuit schematic diagram, wherein the communication decoding unit 102 includes a first comparison circuit 1021 and a first voltage divider circuit 1022. One of the at least one input port J1 is electrically connected to the first comparison circuit 1021 through the first voltage divider circuit 1022, and the first comparison circuit 1021 is also electrically connected to the main control unit 101.

[0067] In this embodiment, the first voltage divider circuit 1022 is configured to divide the first voltage to obtain a divided first voltage, and to send the divided first voltage to the first comparison circuit 1021. The first comparison circuit 1021 is configured to compare the divided first voltage with a first preset voltage to obtain decoded information. The first voltage is provided by a first power supply device electrically connected to an input port electrically connected to the first voltage divider circuit.

[0068] It can be understood that the voltage value corresponding to the first voltage after division obtained by the first voltage divider circuit 1022 is smaller than the voltage value corresponding to the first voltage. Through the voltage division method of the first voltage divider circuit 1022, the first comparison circuit 1021 of the low-level device can be implemented to measure the first voltage as a high level.

[0069] When the divided first voltage is higher than the first preset voltage, the first comparison circuit 1021 outputs a high level (e.g., 3.3V) to the main control unit 101, and the main control unit 101 accordingly obtains a binary number 1. When the divided first voltage is lower than the first preset voltage, the first comparison circuit 1021 outputs a low level (e.g., 0V) to the main control unit 101, and the main control unit 101 accordingly obtains a binary number 0. Using the above method, decoding information of the first voltage is obtained, and the first power information is obtained from the decoded information.

[0070] In this embodiment, the main control unit 101 can obtain not only the first power information but also other information of the first power supply device 20 according to the decoded information, for example, the charging status information of the battery 200 of the first power supply device 20 .

[0071] Specifically, if Figure 9 As shown, it is a schematic diagram of an implementable communication of the first voltage. The way in which the first voltage carries the first coded information is that the voltage value of the first voltage changes between 7V and 6V. The communication decoding unit 102 identifies whether the voltage value of the first voltage transmitted in different time periods is 7V or 6V, and outputs a binary number 1 to the main control unit 101 if it is 7V, and outputs a binary number 0 to the main control unit 101 if it is 6V. The different binary numbers obtained by the main control unit 101 correspond to decoding information, and the main control unit 101 can extract the first power information and the charging status information of the first power supply device 20 based on the obtained binary numbers. Figure 6 As shown, the main control unit 101 obtains the binary number 0 in two consecutive cycles, and the next identified pulse number represents the charging status information. If the identified pulse number is 1, the charging status information indicates that it is not charging; if the identified pulse number is 2, the charging status information indicates that it is charging. The main control unit 101 obtains the binary number 0 in three consecutive cycles, and the next identified pulse number represents the specific value of the tens digit of the first power information. If the identified pulse number is 1-11, it means that the tens digit value of the first power information corresponds to 0-10. The main control unit 101 obtains the binary number 0 in four consecutive cycles, and the next identified pulse number represents the specific value of the units digit of the first power information. If the identified pulse number is 1-10, it means that the units digit value of the first power information corresponds to 0-9. Among them, Figure 9 T shown in represents a period.

[0072] For example, when the power level of the first power supply device 20 is 100%, the decoded information obtained by the main control unit 101 is: first, the binary number 0 is obtained for three consecutive cycles, then 11 pulses are obtained; then, the binary number 0 is obtained for four consecutive cycles, and then, 1 pulse is obtained. When the power level of the first power supply device 20 is 82%, the decoded information obtained by the main control unit 101 is: first, the binary number 0 is obtained for three consecutive cycles, then 9 pulses are obtained; then, the binary number 0 is obtained for four consecutive cycles, and then, 3 pulses are obtained. Using the above communication method, the first power supply device 20 can provide power while also transmitting communication information.

[0073] In this embodiment, if Figure 8 As shown, the first comparison circuit 1021 includes a first comparator U1, a first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2, and the first voltage divider circuit 1022 includes a third resistor R3 and a fourth resistor R4. The third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 are connected in series between the input port J1 and the ground. The positive input terminal of the first comparator U1 is electrically connected between the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4, the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 are electrically connected between the system power supply unit 112 and the ground, the negative input terminal of the first comparator U1 is electrically connected between the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2, and the output terminal of the first comparator U1 is electrically connected to the main control unit 101.

[0074] The system power supply unit 112 is used to convert the voltage of the battery 200 to obtain a system voltage, providing the system voltage required for operation of the power supply device. A first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2 are used to divide the system voltage provided by the system power supply unit 112 and transmit the divided system voltage to the negative input of the first comparator U1, so that the first comparator U1 uses the divided system voltage as the first preset voltage. The magnitude of the first preset voltage can be adjusted by adjusting the resistance ratio between the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2. A third resistor R3 and a fourth resistor R4 are used to divide the first voltage to obtain a divided first voltage, so that the first comparator circuit 1021, which is a low-level device, can measure the first voltage as a high-level voltage. The first comparator U1 is used to compare the divided first voltage with the divided system voltage. If the divided first voltage is higher than the divided system voltage, the output of the first comparator U1 outputs a high level to the main control unit 101; if the divided system voltage is higher than the divided first voltage, the output of the first comparator U1 outputs a low level to the main control unit 101.

[0075] To eliminate external interference to first comparator circuit 1021, first comparator circuit 1021 further includes a second capacitor C2. The power supply terminal of first comparator U1 is electrically connected to system power supply unit 112. One end of second capacitor C2 is electrically connected between the power supply terminal of first comparator U1 and system power supply unit 112, and the other end of second capacitor C2 is grounded. Second capacitor C2 is used to filter out external interference signals, ensuring stable operation of first comparator U1.

[0076] To prevent the first comparator U1 from generating excessive current and damaging the main control unit 101 when transmitting decoded information to the main control unit 101, the first comparison circuit 1021 further includes a twenty-seventh resistor R27, through which the output end of the first comparator U1 is electrically connected to the main control unit 101. The twenty-seventh resistor R27 is used to limit current, preventing the first comparator U1 from generating excessive current and damaging the main control unit 101.

[0077] In this embodiment, the main control unit 101 is used to obtain second power information of the battery 200 and control the communication coding unit 103 to encode the voltage of the battery 200 according to the second power information to obtain a second voltage carrying the second coding information.

[0078] It can be understood that the main control unit 101 obtains the second power information from the battery 200, and the communication encoding unit 103 obtains the voltage of the battery 200. Based on the second power information, the main control unit 101 controls the communication encoding unit 103 to encode the voltage of the battery 200 to obtain a second voltage carrying the second coded information. When the second voltage is transmitted to the load 2 or the second power supply device 30 electrically connected to the power supply device 10, the load 2 and the second power supply device 30 electrically connected to the power supply device 10 can decode the second coded information carried by the second voltage, thereby obtaining the second power information or charging status information of the power supply device 10.

[0079] Please refer to Figure 10 ,for Figure 7 The communication coding unit 103 shown is an implementable circuit schematic diagram, wherein the communication coding unit 103 includes a first voltage conversion circuit 1031 and a first switch 1032. The input end of the first voltage conversion circuit 1031 is electrically connected to the battery 200, and the output end of the first voltage conversion circuit 1031 is electrically connected to the first switch 1032 and the power supply switching unit 104. The first switch 1032 is also electrically connected to the main control unit 101.

[0080] In this embodiment, the main control unit 101 is used to control the first switch 1032 to selectively conduct according to the second power information, so that the first voltage conversion circuit 1031 generates different output resistances; the first voltage conversion circuit 1031 is used to output different voltages according to different output resistances, thereby generating a second voltage.

[0081] It can be understood that the first voltage conversion circuit 1031 includes a first voltage regulator chip U2, a first capacitor C1, a first inductor L1, a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6 and a seventh resistor R7. The input pin of the first voltage regulator chip U2 is electrically connected to the battery 200, the first capacitor C1 is electrically connected between the output pin of the first voltage regulator chip U2 and the switch control pin of the first voltage regulator chip U2, the first inductor L1 should be electrically connected between the output pin of the first voltage regulator chip U2 and the power supply switching unit 104, the fifth resistor R5 and the sixth resistor R6 are connected in series between one end of the first inductor L1 connected to the power supply switching unit 104 and the first switch 1032, the fifth resistor R5 and the seventh resistor R7 are connected in series between one end of the first inductor L1 connected to the power supply switching unit 104 and the first switch 1032, and the feedback pin of the first voltage regulator chip U2 is electrically connected between the fifth resistor R5 and the sixth resistor R6 and between the fifth resistor R5 and the seventh resistor R7.

[0082] Among them, the first switch 1032 is a modular switch, which can be understood as a single-pole double-throw switch. Through the control of the main control unit 101, it can be realized to select whether the fifth resistor R5 and the sixth resistor R6 are connected to the ground, or the fifth resistor R5 and the seventh resistor R7 are connected to the ground. Since the resistance values ​​of the sixth resistor R6 and the seventh resistor R7 are different, the resistance values ​​of the fifth resistor R5 and the sixth resistor R6 being connected to the ground and the fifth resistor R5 and the seventh resistor R7 being connected to the ground will also be different. Since the output pin of the first voltage stabilizing chip U2 is electrically connected to one end of the fifth resistor R5 through the first inductor L1, the output resistance between the output pin of the first voltage stabilizing chip U2 and the ground is the resistance value of the fifth resistor R5 and the sixth resistor R6 connected in series to the ground, or the output resistance between the output pin of the first voltage stabilizing chip U2 and the ground is the resistance value of the fifth resistor R5 and the seventh resistor R7 connected in series to the ground. Therefore, when implementing DC-DC conversion, the first voltage regulator chip U2 can convert the 7.2V-8.4V voltage provided by the battery 200 into 6V or 7V according to different output resistances, thereby generating a second voltage between 6V and 7V.

[0083] For example, if the resistance of the sixth resistor R6 is smaller than the resistance of the seventh resistor R7, then the resistance of the fifth resistor R5 and the sixth resistor R6 connected in series to the ground will be smaller than the resistance of the fifth resistor R5 and the seventh resistor R7 connected in series to the ground. Correspondingly, when the fifth resistor R5 and the sixth resistor R6 are connected to the ground, the first voltage regulator chip U2 obtains the first output resistance; when the fifth resistor R5 and the seventh resistor R7 are connected to the ground, the first voltage regulator chip U2 obtains the second output resistance. Since the feedback pin of the first voltage regulator chip U2 provides a stable reference voltage Ur, that is, the level at the connection point of the fifth resistor R5 and the sixth resistor R6 is fixed to the reference voltage Ur, and the level at the connection point of the fifth resistor R5 and the seventh resistor R7 is fixed to the reference voltage Ur. Then the voltage output by the first voltage regulator chip U2 can be calculated according to the following formula:

[0084] Uo=(1+r5 / r6)*Ur or Uo=(1+r5 / r7)*Ur;

[0085] Among them, r5 is the resistance of the fifth resistor R5, r6 is the resistance of the sixth resistor; r7 is the resistance of the seventh resistor; Ur is the reference voltage provided by the feedback pin of the first voltage regulator chip U2, and the reference voltage Ur can be 0.6V.

[0086] Therefore, when the first voltage stabilizing chip U2 obtains the first output resistance, the first voltage stabilizing chip U2 correspondingly outputs a voltage of 7V; when the first voltage stabilizing chip U2 obtains the second output resistance, the first voltage stabilizing chip U2 correspondingly outputs a voltage of 6V.

[0087] In this embodiment, the main control unit 101 can not only obtain the second power information of the battery 200, but also obtain other information of the battery 200, such as the charging status information of the battery 200. The second power information and charging status information of the battery 200 obtained by the main control unit 101 are represented by binary numbers 0 and 1, and the main control unit 101 controls the first switch 1032 to selectively conduct according to the obtained binary numbers 0 and 1. As described above, if the sixth resistor R6 is smaller than the seventh resistor R7, then when the main control unit 101 obtains the binary number 1, it controls the first switch 1032 so that the fifth resistor R5 and the sixth resistor R6 are connected to ground, and the first voltage regulator chip U2 correspondingly obtains the first output resistance and outputs a 7V voltage; when the main control unit 101 obtains the binary number 0, it controls the first switch 1032 so that the fifth resistor R5 and the seventh resistor R7 are connected to ground, and the first voltage regulator chip U2 correspondingly obtains the second output resistance and outputs a 6V voltage.

[0088] Please refer to Figure 11, is an implementable communication diagram of the second power level information and charging status information of the battery 200 obtained by the main control unit 101. When the main control unit 101 obtains the binary number 0 for two consecutive cycles, the number of pulses obtained by the main control unit 101 next represents the charging status information. If the obtained pulse number is 1, the charging status information indicates that the battery is not charging; if the obtained pulse number is 2, the charging status information indicates that the battery is charging. Correspondingly, when the main control unit 101 obtains the binary number 0 for two consecutive cycles, the main control unit 101 controls the fifth resistor R5 and the seventh resistor R7 to be connected to ground for two consecutive cycles through the first switch 1032, thereby causing the first voltage regulator chip U2 to output a 6V voltage for two consecutive cycles. If the main control unit 101 obtains 1 pulse number, the control unit will control the fifth resistor R5 and the seventh resistor R7 to be turned on to the ground for one cycle through the first switch 1032, so that the first voltage regulator chip U2 outputs a 6V voltage for one cycle. The control unit then controls the fifth resistor R5 and the sixth resistor R6 to be turned on to the ground through the first switch 1032, so that the output of the first voltage regulator chip U2 is converted from 6V voltage to 7V voltage. If the main control unit 101 obtains two pulse numbers, the control unit will control the fifth resistor R5 and the seventh resistor R7 to be connected to ground for one cycle through the first switch 1032, so that the first voltage regulator chip U2 outputs a 6V voltage for one cycle. The control unit then controls the fifth resistor R5 and the sixth resistor R6 to be connected to ground through the first switch 1032, so that the output of the first voltage regulator chip U2 changes from 6V to 7V and continues to output the 7V voltage for a preset time. The control unit then controls the fifth resistor R5 and the seventh resistor R7 to be connected to ground for one cycle through the first switch 1032, so that the first voltage regulator chip U2 outputs a 6V voltage for one cycle. The control unit then controls the fifth resistor R5 and the sixth resistor R6 to be connected to ground through the first switch 1032, so that the output of the first voltage regulator chip U2 changes from 6V to 7V, thereby achieving the corresponding output of the two pulse numbers. Among them, the preset time can be set according to actual conditions and can be set to one cycle. Similarly, according to the above method, it can be known how the main control unit 101 controls the first switch 1032 to selectively turn on according to the second power information, so that the first voltage regulator chip U2 outputs different voltages.

[0089] In order to eliminate the interference brought to the first voltage conversion circuit 1031 by the outside world, the first voltage conversion circuit 1031 also includes a third capacitor C3, a fourth capacitor C4, a fifth capacitor C5 and a sixth capacitor C6. One end of the third capacitor C3 and one end of the fourth capacitor C4 are electrically connected between the battery 200 and the input pin of the first voltage stabilizing chip U2, one end of the fifth capacitor C5 and one end of the sixth capacitor C6 are electrically connected between the output pin of the first voltage stabilizing chip U2 and the power supply switching unit 104, and the other end of the third capacitor C3, the other end of the fourth capacitor C4, the other end of the fifth capacitor C5 and the other end of the sixth capacitor C6 are all grounded. The third capacitor C3 and the fourth capacitor C4 are used to filter out interference signals in the battery 200 voltage, so that the first voltage stabilizing chip U2 outputs a more stable and accurate second voltage. The fifth capacitor C5 and the sixth capacitor C6 are used to filter out interference signals in the second voltage, so that the power supply switching unit 104 obtains a more stable and accurate second voltage.

[0090] To eliminate external interference with the first switch 1032, the communication encoding unit 103 further includes a seventh capacitor C7, which is electrically connected between the system power supply unit 112 and ground. The power supply terminal and the ground terminal of the first switch 1032 are connected to both ends of the seventh capacitor C7. The seventh capacitor C7 is used to filter out interference signals in the system voltage, thereby ensuring more stable operation of the first switch 1032.

[0091] To prevent the main control unit 101 from outputting an excessively large current signal to the first switch 1032 and thereby damaging the first switch 1032, the communication encoding unit 103 further includes a twenty-eighth resistor R28, through which the main control unit 101 is electrically connected to the first switch 1032. The twenty-eighth resistor R28 is configured to limit current and prevent the main control unit 101 from generating a large current and damaging the first switch 1032.

[0092] In this embodiment, the main control unit 101 is also used to compare the first power information with the second power information. If the first power information is higher than the second power information, the power supply switching unit 104 is controlled to transmit the first voltage to the load 2, or transmit the first voltage to the second power supply device 30 electrically connected to the power supply device 10; if the second power information is higher than the first power information, the power supply switching unit 104 is controlled to transmit the second voltage to the load 2, or transmit the second voltage to the second power supply device 30 electrically connected to the power supply device 10.

[0093] Please refer to Figure 12 ,for Figure 7The main control unit 101 and the power switching unit 104 are shown as an implementable circuit schematic diagram. The main control unit 101 includes a main control chip U9, and the power switching unit 104 includes a switching switch chip U10. The main control chip U9 is electrically connected to the first comparator U1, the first switch 1032, the switching switch chip U10, and the battery 200. The main control chip U9 is used to compare the first power information with the second power information. If the first power information is higher than the second power information, the main chip U9 controls the switching switch chip U10 to transmit the first voltage to the load 2 or the second power supply device 30 electrically connected to the power supply device 10, thereby enabling the first power supply device 20 to supply power to the load 2, or to compare the first power supply device 20 with multiple second power supply devices 30, and select the one with the highest power information from the first power supply device 20 and multiple second power supply devices 30 to supply power to the load 2. If the second power information is higher than the first power information, the main control chip U9 controls the switching chip U10 to transmit the second voltage to the load 2 or the second power supply device 30 electrically connected to the power supply device 10, so that the power supply device 10 can supply power to the load 2, or the power supply device 10 is compared with multiple second power supply devices 30, and the power supply device 10 and multiple second power supply devices 30 are selected to supply power to the load 2.

[0094] Among them, the switching switch chip U10 can be understood as a chip with multiple channels. When the first voltage is transmitted to the load 2 or the second power supply device 30 electrically connected to the power supply device 10, the channel in the switching switch chip U10 connected to the communication coding unit 103 and the output port J2 is in the on state; when the second voltage is transmitted to the load 2 or the second power supply device 30 electrically connected to the power supply device 10, the channel in the switching switch chip U10 connected to the input port J1 and the output port J2 is in the on state.

[0095] In this embodiment, the switch chip U10 may be composed of four MOS transistors (metal oxide semiconductors), which have the characteristics of current limiting, short circuit protection, and power-off switching. The switch chip U10 may be a TPS2121 chip. In another embodiment, the switch chip U10 may be replaced by four independent MOS transistors.

[0096] In this embodiment, the main control chip U9 may be a low-power MCU (Micro Control Unit) chip.

[0097] To facilitate identification of whether the main control chip U9 is in operation, the main control unit 101 further includes a first indicator light D1 and a twenty-ninth resistor R29. The main control chip U9 is electrically connected to the first indicator light D1 via the twenty-ninth resistor R29, and the first indicator light D1 is electrically connected between the twenty-ninth resistor R29 and ground. The twenty-ninth resistor R29 serves to limit current, preventing excessive current from damaging the first indicator light D1. The twenty-ninth resistor R29 is also used to adjust the brightness of the first indicator light D1. The first indicator light D1 is configured to emit a flashing light prompt when the main control chip U9 is powered on. The first indicator light D1 can be an LED or light-emitting diode.

[0098] In order to eliminate the interference signal in the second voltage, the power supply switching unit 104 also includes an eighth capacitor C8 and a ninth capacitor C9, one end of the eighth capacitor C8 and one end of the ninth capacitor C9 are electrically connected between the communication coding unit 103 and the switching switch chip U10, and the other end of the eighth capacitor C8 and the other end of the ninth capacitor C9 are both grounded.

[0099] To eliminate interference signals in the first voltage, the power switching unit 104 further includes a tenth capacitor C10 and an eleventh capacitor C11. The tenth capacitor C10 is electrically connected between the input port J1 and ground, and the eleventh capacitor C11 is electrically connected between the input port J1 and ground.

[0100] To prevent static electricity and surges from damaging the switching chip U10, the power switching unit 104 further includes a twelfth capacitor C12, a thirteenth capacitor C13, a fourteenth capacitor C14, a fifteenth capacitor C15, a sixteenth capacitor C16, and a first TVS diode D2 (transient voltage suppressor). One end of the twelfth capacitor C12, one end of the thirteenth capacitor C13, one end of the fourteenth capacitor C14, one end of the fifteenth capacitor C15, one end of the sixteenth capacitor C16, and one end of the first TVS diode D2 are electrically connected between the switching chip U10 and the output port J2. The other end of the twelfth capacitor C12, the other end of the thirteenth capacitor C13, the other end of the fourteenth capacitor C14, the other end of the fifteenth capacitor C15, the other end of the sixteenth capacitor C16, and the other end of the first TVS diode D2 are all grounded.

[0101] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the power supply switching unit 104 further includes a 30th resistor R30, a 31st resistor R31, a 32nd resistor R32, a 33rd resistor R33, a 34th resistor R34, a 35th resistor R35, a 36th resistor R36, and a 37th resistor R37. The 30th resistor R30 and the 31st resistor R31 are connected in series between the communication coding unit 103 and the ground. The first pin of the switching switch chip U10 is electrically connected between the 30th resistor R30 and the 31st resistor R31, the 32nd resistor R32 and the 33rd resistor R33 are connected in series between the communication coding unit 103 and the ground. The switching switch chip U10 The second pin of the switching chip U10 is electrically connected between the 32nd resistor R32 and the 33rd resistor R33, the 34th resistor R34 and the 35th resistor R35 are connected in series between the input port J1 and ground, the third pin of the switching chip U10 is electrically connected between the input port J1 and the 34th resistor R34, the fourth pin of the switching chip U10 is electrically connected between the 34th resistor R34 and the 35th resistor R35, the 36th resistor R36 and the 37th resistor R37 are connected in series between the system power supply unit 112 and the main control chip U9, and the fifth pin of the switching chip U10 is electrically connected between the 36th resistor R36 and the 37th resistor R37. The 30th resistor R30, the 31st resistor R31, the 32nd resistor R32, and the 33rd resistor R33 all divide the second voltage and transmit the divided second voltage to the switching chip U10. The 34th resistor R34 and the 35th resistor R35 are used to divide the first voltage and transmit the divided first voltage to the switching chip U10. The thirty-sixth resistor R36 and the thirty-seventh resistor R37 are used to divide the voltage difference between the system power supply unit 112 and the main control chip U9 , and send the divided voltage difference to the switch chip U10 .

[0102] Please refer to Figure 13 , which is a structural block diagram of another control module 100 that can be implemented in this embodiment, Figure 13 The control module 100 shown in FIG. Figure 7 The control module 100 shown further includes a fuel meter unit 105, through which the main control unit 101 is electrically connected to the battery 200. The fuel meter unit 105 is configured to detect first current information of the battery 200, calculate second power information based on the first current information, and transmit the second power information to the main control unit 101.

[0103] Specifically, if Figure 14As shown, this is an implementable circuit schematic diagram of the fuel meter unit 105. The fuel meter unit 105 includes a metering chip U3 and an eighth resistor R8. The battery 200 is grounded through the eighth resistor R8. The first and second pins of the metering chip U3 are connected to both ends of the eighth resistor R8. The third and fourth pins of the metering chip U3 are both electrically connected to the main control unit 101.

[0104] It is understood that the third and fourth pins of the metering chip U3 are electrically connected to the first and second pins of the main control chip U9, respectively. The eighth resistor R8 is used to collect first current information from the battery 200 and transmit the first current information to the metering chip U3. The metering chip U3 calculates second power information from the battery 200 based on the first current information and transmits the second power information to the main control chip U9 using I2C (Inter-Integrated Circuit) communication. The main control chip U9 then controls the communication encoding unit 103 to output the second voltage based on the second power information and controls the power supply switching unit 104 to select between outputting the first and second voltages based on the first and second power information.

[0105] In this embodiment, the metering chip U3 may be a MAX17205 chip.

[0106] In order to ensure the normal operation of the power supply device 10, the battery 200 is prevented from being discharged too low. Figure 13 As shown, the control module 100 further includes a discharge limiting unit 106, through which the battery 200 is electrically connected to the communication encoding unit 103. The discharge limiting unit 106 is configured to compare the voltage of the battery 200 with a second preset voltage when the battery 200 supplies power to the load 2. When the voltage of the battery 200 is lower than the second preset voltage, the communication encoding unit 103 is controlled to stop working, so that the battery 200 stops supplying power to the load 2. The discharge limiting unit 106 is further configured to compare the voltage of the battery 200 with a third preset voltage when the battery 200 is not supplying power to the load 2. When the voltage of the battery 200 is higher than the third preset voltage, the communication encoding unit 103 is controlled to switch from a stopped working state to a normal working state, so that the communication encoding unit 103 encodes the voltage of the battery 200 to obtain a second voltage carrying second coding information. The third preset voltage is higher than the second preset voltage.

[0107] In this embodiment, the discharge limiting unit 106 sets the third preset voltage to be higher than the second preset voltage in order to further ensure normal operation of the power supply device 10 .

[0108] Specifically, if Figure 15As shown, it is an implementable circuit schematic diagram of the discharge limiting unit 106. The discharge limiting unit 106 includes a second comparison circuit 1061, a second voltage divider circuit 1062 and a first switch circuit 1063. The battery 200 is electrically connected to the second comparison circuit 1061 through the second voltage divider circuit 1062, and the second comparison circuit 1061 is electrically connected to the communication encoding unit 103 through the first switch unit 1032.

[0109] In this embodiment, the second voltage divider circuit 1062 is used to divide the voltage of the battery 200 to obtain the divided voltage of the battery 200, and send the divided voltage of the battery 200 to the second comparison circuit 1061; the second comparison circuit 1061 is a hysteresis comparator circuit having two thresholds, a second preset voltage and a third preset voltage. The second comparison circuit 1061 is used to compare the divided voltage of the battery 200 with the second preset voltage when the battery 200 supplies power to the load 2. When the divided voltage of the battery 200 is lower than the second preset voltage, the first switch circuit 1063 is controlled to be in a conductive state so that the communication coding unit 103 stops working; the second comparison circuit 1061 is also used to compare the divided voltage of the battery 200 with the third preset voltage when the battery 200 does not supply power to the load 2. When the divided voltage of the battery 200 is higher than the third preset voltage, the first switch circuit 1063 is controlled to be in a disconnected state so that the communication coding unit 103 is converted from a stop working state to a normal working state.

[0110] The second comparison circuit 1061 includes a second comparator U4, a ninth resistor R9, and a tenth resistor R10. The second voltage divider circuit 1062 includes an eleventh resistor R11 and a twelfth resistor R12. The first switch circuit 1063 includes a first switch tube Q1, a thirteenth resistor R13, a fourteenth resistor R14, and a fifteenth resistor R15. The eleventh resistor R11 and the twelfth resistor R12 are connected in series between the battery 200 and the ground. The negative input terminal of the second comparator U4 is electrically connected between the eleventh resistor R11 and the twelfth resistor R12. The ninth resistor R9 and the tenth resistor R10 are electrically connected between the system power supply unit 112 and the ground. The output end of the second comparator U4 is electrically connected between the ninth resistor R9 and the tenth resistor R10. The output end of the second comparator U4 is electrically connected to the first pin of the first switch tube Q1 through the thirteenth resistor R13. The fourteenth resistor R14 is electrically connected between the first pin of the first switch tube Q1 and the second pin of the first switch tube Q1. The third pin of the first switch tube Q1 is electrically connected to the battery 200 through the fifteenth resistor R15. The communication encoding unit 103 is electrically connected between the fifteenth resistor R15 and the third pin of the first switch tube Q1. The second pin of the first switch tube Q1 is also grounded.

[0111] It can be understood that the eleventh resistor R11 and the twelfth resistor R12 are used to divide the voltage of the battery 200 to obtain the divided voltage of the battery 200, and send the divided voltage of the battery 200 to the negative input terminal of the second comparator U4. The ninth resistor R9 and the tenth resistor R10 are used to divide the system voltage provided by the system power supply unit 112 and transmit the divided system voltage to the positive input terminal of the second comparator U4, so that the second comparator U4 obtains the second preset voltage and the third preset voltage based on the divided system voltage. The second comparator U4 is used to compare the divided voltage of the battery 200 with the second preset voltage when the battery 200 supplies power to the load 2. When the divided voltage of the battery 200 is lower than the second preset voltage, the first switch tube Q1 is controlled to be in the on state, so that the voltage at the third pin of the first switch tube Q1 is pulled down to 0V, and the communication encoding unit 103 correspondingly obtains a low-level voltage. The second comparator U4 is further configured to compare the divided voltage of the battery 200 with a third preset voltage when the battery 200 does not supply power to the load 2 because the voltage is lower than the second preset voltage. When the divided voltage of the battery 200 is higher than the third preset voltage, the second comparator U4 controls the first switch Q1 to be in an off state, causing the voltage at the third pin of the first switch Q1 to be high, and the communication encoding unit 103 to receive a corresponding high-level voltage. The high-level voltage at the third pin is obtained by voltage division between the fifteenth resistor R15 and the internal resistance of the first switch Q1. The second comparator U4 is a hysteresis voltage comparator.

[0112] In this embodiment, the enable pin of the first voltage regulator chip U2 of the communication encoding unit 103 is electrically connected to the third pin of the first switch tube Q1. When the enable pin of the first voltage regulator chip U2 receives a low-level voltage, the first voltage regulator chip U2 is in a non-operating state, that is, the first voltage regulator chip U2 does not convert the voltage of the battery 200 to a 6V voltage or a 7V voltage based on different output resistances. When the enable pin of the first voltage regulator chip U2 receives a high-level voltage, the first voltage regulator chip U2 is in a normal operating state, that is, the first voltage regulator chip U2 converts the voltage of the battery 200 to a 6V voltage or a 7V voltage based on different output resistances, thereby generating the second voltage.

[0113] In this embodiment, the output end of the second comparator U4 is also electrically connected to the main control unit 101 via the thirty-eighth resistor R38. That is, the output end of the second comparator U4 is electrically connected to the main control chip U9 via the thirty-eighth resistor R38. The second comparator U4 is also configured to send a low voltage signal to the main control chip U9 when the voltage of the divided battery 200 is lower than the second preset voltage.

[0114] In this embodiment, the second preset voltage can be set to 7.2 V, and the third preset voltage can be set to 7.6 V. The first switch tube Q1 can be a transistor, the first pin of the first switch tube Q1 is the base of the transistor, the second pin of the first switch tube Q1 is the emitter of the transistor, and the third pin of the first switch tube Q1 is the collector of the transistor.

[0115] In order to monitor whether load 2 is connected to the power supply equipment, such as Figure 10 As shown, the control module 100 further includes a current detection unit 107, through which the communication encoding unit 103 is electrically connected to the power supply switching unit 104, and the current detection unit 107 is also electrically connected to the main control unit 101. The current detection unit 107 is configured to collect the second current information provided by the communication encoding unit 103 to the power supply switching unit 104, and obtain connection information indicating whether the power supply device 10 is connected to the load 2 based on the second current information, and send the connection information to the main control unit 101.

[0116] Specifically, if Figure 16 , which is a schematic diagram of an implementable circuit of the current detection unit 107. The current detection unit 107 includes an amplifier circuit 1071, a voltage follower circuit 1072, and a third comparison circuit 1073. The amplifier circuit 1071 is electrically connected to the communication encoding unit 103, the power supply switching unit 104, and the voltage follower circuit 1072. The voltage follower circuit 1072 is electrically connected to the third comparison circuit 1073. The amplifier circuit 1071 is used to collect the second current information and amplify the third voltage corresponding to the second current information to obtain an amplified third voltage. The amplified third voltage is transmitted to the third comparison circuit 1073 via the voltage follower circuit 1072. The third comparison circuit 1073 is used to compare the amplified third voltage with a fourth preset voltage to obtain connection information.

[0117] In this embodiment, the amplifier circuit 1071 includes an operational amplifier U5 and a sixteenth resistor R16 and a seventeenth resistor R17, the voltage follower circuit 1072 includes a voltage follower U6, the third comparison circuit 1073 includes an eighteenth resistor R18, a nineteenth resistor R19 and a third comparator U7, the communication coding unit 103 is electrically connected to the power supply switching unit 104 through the sixteenth resistor R16, the first input terminal and the second input terminal of the operational amplifier U5 are electrically connected to the two ends of the sixteenth resistor R16, the output terminal of the operational amplifier U5 is grounded through the seventeenth resistor R17, and the voltage follower The positive input terminal of U6 is electrically connected between the output terminal of the operational amplifier U5 and the seventeenth resistor R17, the output terminal of the voltage follower U6 is electrically connected to the positive input terminal of the third comparator U7, the negative input terminal of the voltage follower U6 is electrically connected between the output terminal of the voltage follower U6 and the positive input terminal of the third comparator U7, the eighteenth resistor R18 and the nineteenth resistor R19 are connected in series between the system power supply unit 112 and the ground, the negative input terminal of the third comparator U7 is electrically connected between the eighteenth resistor R18 and the nineteenth resistor R19, and the output terminal of the third comparator U7 is electrically connected to the main control unit 101.

[0118] It can be understood that when the battery 200 of the power supply device 10 supplies power to the load 2, the current generated by the load 2 when it is working will flow through the sixteenth resistor R16. Since the first input terminal and the second input terminal of the operational amplifier U5 are electrically connected to the two ends of the sixteenth resistor R16, the operational amplifier U5 will obtain the second current information (i.e., the current generated by the load 2 when it is working), and amplify the third voltage corresponding to the second current information, and transmit the amplified third voltage to the positive input terminal of the third comparator U7 through the voltage follower U6. The eighteenth resistor R18 and the nineteenth resistor R19 are used to divide the system voltage provided by the system power supply unit 112, and transmit the divided system voltage to the negative input terminal of the third comparator U7, so that the third comparator U7 uses the divided system voltage as the fourth preset voltage. And by adjusting the resistance ratio between the eighteenth resistor R18 and the nineteenth resistor R19, the magnitude of the fourth preset voltage can be adjusted. The third comparator U7 is used to compare the divided system voltage with the amplified third voltage. If the divided system voltage is higher than the amplified third voltage, the third comparator U7 sends connection information to the main control chip U9 indicating that load 2 is not connected to the power supply device 10. If the divided system voltage is not higher than the amplified third voltage, the third comparator U7 sends connection information to the main control chip U9 indicating that load 2 is connected to the power supply device 10. The connection information may indicate whether the power supply device 10 is directly connected to the load 2 or whether the power supply device 10 is indirectly connected to the load 2 via multiple second power supply devices 30.

[0119] For example, when the load 2 is connected to the power supply device 10 and the load 2 is in operation, the load 2 will generate an operating current exceeding 50 mA. If the resistance of the sixteenth resistor R16 is 0.01R, and the seventeenth resistor R17 is set so that the amplification factor of the operational amplifier U5 is 100 times, then the fourth preset voltage of the third comparator U7 can be set to 50mA*0.01R*100=0.05V. If the value of the amplified third voltage output by the operational amplifier U5 is greater than 0.05V, the third comparator U7 sends connection information that the load 2 is connected to the power supply device 10 to the main control chip U9. If the value of the amplified third voltage output by the operational amplifier U5 is less than 0.05V, the third comparator U7 sends connection information that the load 2 is not connected to the power supply device 10 to the main control chip U9.

[0120] In this embodiment, the voltage follower U6 serves to follow the amplified third voltage, so that the amplified third voltage received by the third comparator U7 is more stable and reliable.

[0121] In this embodiment, in order to ensure the reliability of charging the battery 200 of the power supply device 10, as shown in FIG. Figure 13 As shown, the control module 100 also includes a power supply selection unit 108, which is electrically connected to the power supply through the input port J1. The power supply selection unit 108 is also electrically connected to the solar panel 3 and the battery 200; the power supply selection unit 108 is used to select the power supply or the solar panel 3 to supply power to the battery 200.

[0122] It can be understood that when there is sunlight, the solar panel 3 supplies power to the battery 200. On rainy days or in other occasions (for example, indoor exhibitions), the power supply supplies power to the battery 200. The input port J1 connected to the power supply can be the same port as the input port J1 connected to the first power supply device 20, or they can be different ports. If the input port J1 connected to the power supply is the same port as the input port J1 connected to the first power supply device 20, when the first power supply device 20 is connected to the power supply device 10, the power supply cannot be connected to the power supply device 10, then the battery 200 only has one power supply mode, the solar panel 3. When the power supply is connected to the power supply device 10, the first power supply device 20 cannot be connected to the power supply device 10, then the battery 200 has two power supply modes, the solar panel 3 and the power supply, but the first power supply device 20 cannot power the load 2 through the power supply device 10. However, the battery 200 having two power supply modes, the solar panel 3 and the power supply, is generally used in other occasions such as indoor exhibitions.

[0123] Please refer to Figure 17, is a schematic diagram of an implementable circuit for the power selection unit 108 provided in this embodiment. The power selection unit 108 includes a fourth comparison circuit 1081 and a second switch circuit 1082. The fourth comparison circuit 1081 is electrically connected to the power source 4 via the input port J1. The fourth comparison circuit 1081 is electrically connected to the second switch circuit 1082. The second switch circuit 1082 and the solar panel 3 are both electrically connected to the battery 200. The fourth comparison circuit 1081 is configured to compare the voltage provided by the power source 4 with a fifth preset voltage. When the voltage of the power source 4 is higher than the fifth preset voltage, the second switch circuit 1082 is controlled to be turned on, thereby causing the power source 4 to supply power to the battery 200. When the voltage of the power source 4 is lower than the fifth preset voltage, the second switch circuit 1082 is controlled to be turned off, thereby causing the solar panel 3 to supply power to the battery 200.

[0124] In this embodiment, the fourth comparison circuit 1081 includes a fourth comparator U8, a twentieth resistor R20, a twenty-first resistor R21, a twenty-second resistor R22, and a twenty-third resistor R23. The second switch circuit 1082 includes a second switch tube Q2, a third switch tube Q3, a twenty-fourth resistor R24, a twenty-fifth resistor R25, and a twenty-sixth resistor R26. The twentieth resistor R20 and the twenty-first resistor R21 are connected in series between the input port J1 and the ground. The positive input terminal of the fourth comparator U8 is electrically connected between the twentieth resistor R20 and the twenty-first resistor R21. The twenty-second resistor R22 and the twenty-third resistor R26 are connected in series between the input port J1 and the ground. 3 is connected in series between the system power supply unit 112 and ground, a negative input terminal of the fourth comparator U8 is electrically connected between the twenty-second resistor R22 and the twenty-third resistor R23, an output terminal of the fourth comparator U8 is electrically connected to the first pin of the second switch tube Q2 through the twenty-fourth resistor R24, a second pin of the second switch tube Q2 is grounded, a third pin of the second switch tube Q2 is electrically connected to the second pin of the third switch tube Q3 through the twenty-fifth resistor R25, a third pin of the second switch tube Q2 is electrically connected to the first pin of the third switch tube Q3 through the twenty-sixth resistor R26, and a third pin of the third switch tube Q3 is electrically connected to the battery 200.

[0125] It can be understood that when the battery 200 has two power supply modes, namely, the solar panel 3 and the power source 4, the 20th resistor R20 and the 21st resistor R21 are used to divide the voltage provided by the power source 4 to obtain the divided voltage of the power source 4, and provide the divided voltage of the power source 4 to the positive input terminal of the fourth comparator U8. The 22nd resistor R22 and the 23rd resistor R23 are used to divide the system voltage provided by the system power supply unit 112 to obtain the divided system voltage, and transmit the divided system voltage to the negative input terminal of the fourth comparator U8, so that the fourth comparator U8 uses the divided system voltage as the fifth preset voltage. The fourth comparator U8 is configured to compare the divided voltage of the power source 4 with a fifth preset voltage. When the divided voltage of the power source 4 is higher than the fifth preset voltage, the fourth comparator U8 outputs a high level to the second switch Q2, turning on the second switch Q2. When the second switch Q2 is on, the third pin of the second switch Q2 is pulled down to 0V, and a low level of 0V is transmitted to the first pin of the third switch Q3, turning on the third switch Q3 and thereby enabling the power source to supply power to the battery 200. When the divided voltage of the power source 4 is not higher than the fifth preset voltage, the fourth comparator U8 outputs a low level to the second switch Q2, turning off the second switch Q2. When the second switch Q2 is off, the third pin of the second switch Q2 generates a high level voltage based on the voltage divided by the twenty-fifth resistor R25 and the internal resistance of the second switch Q2, turning off the third switch Q3 and thereby enabling the solar panel 3 to supply power to the battery 200.

[0126] In this embodiment, the power supply 4 can be configured to supply power to the battery 200 only when the voltage of the power supply 4 is greater than 12V. When the voltage of the power supply is not greater than 12V, the power supply 4 will not supply power to the battery 200, and the solar panel 3 will supply power to the battery 200.

[0127] In this embodiment, in order to prevent static electricity and surges from damaging the battery 200, the power selection unit 108 further includes a protection circuit 1083. The solar panel 3 is electrically connected to the battery 200 via the protection circuit 1083, and the input port J1 is electrically connected to the fourth comparison circuit 1081 via the protection circuit 1083.

[0128] The protection circuit 1083 includes a second TVS diode D3, a thirty-ninth resistor R39, a seventeenth capacitor C17, a third TVS diode D4, a discharge diode D5, and a fuse F1. One end of the second TVS diode D3 and one end of the thirty-ninth resistor R39 are electrically connected between the solar panel 3 and the battery 200. The other end of the second TVS diode D3 is grounded, and the other end of the thirty-ninth resistor R39 is grounded via the seventeenth capacitor C17. One end of the discharge diode D5 and one end of the third TVS diode D4 are electrically connected between the input port J1 and the fourth comparison circuit 1081. The other ends of the discharge diode D5 and the other ends of the third TVS diode D4 are grounded. The fuse F1 is electrically connected between one end of the discharge diode D5 and one end of the third TVS diode D4. The second TVS diode D3, the thirty-ninth resistor R39, and the seventeenth capacitor C17 prevent static electricity and surges generated at the solar panel 3 from damaging the battery 200. The third TVS tube D4 , the discharge tube D5 and the fuse F1 can prevent static electricity and surges generated at the power supply end from damaging the battery 200 .

[0129] To prevent reverse connection of power supply 4, power supply selection unit 108 also includes an anti-reverse connection circuit, which is electrically connected to input port J1, protection circuit 1083, and fourth comparison circuit 1081. The anti-reverse connection circuit includes a 40th resistor R40, a fourth switch Q4, and a first diode D6. A first pin of the fourth switch Q4 is electrically connected between one end of the third TVS transistor D4 and one end of the 20th resistor R20 via the 40th resistor R40. The input port J1, the other end of the third TVS transistor D4, and the other end of the discharge tube D5 are grounded via the second and third pins of the fourth switch Q4. The first diode D6 is electrically connected between the first and third pins of the fourth switch Q4. It will be appreciated that when power supply 4 is reversely connected to input port J1, the fourth switch Q4 is disconnected, and the voltage of power supply 4 cannot be transmitted to battery 200. The first diode D6 protects the fourth switch Q4 from being damaged by the voltage provided by power supply 4.

[0130] In this embodiment, the fourth switch Q4 can be a MOS transistor, wherein the first pin of the fourth switch Q4 is the gate of the MOS transistor, the second pin of the fourth switch Q4 is the drain of the MOS transistor, and the third pin of the fourth switch Q4 is the source of the MOS transistor. The first diode D6 is a voltage regulator diode.

[0131] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the power selection unit 108 further includes a second diode D7 and a third diode D8. The solar panel 3 is electrically connected to the battery 200 via the second diode D7, and the third switch Q3 is electrically connected to the battery 200 via the third diode D8. The second diode D7 isolates the solar panel 3 from the battery 200, and the third diode D8 isolates the power source from the battery 200.

[0132] Furthermore, if Figure 13 As shown, the control module 100 further includes a charging management unit 109, and the power supply selection unit 108 is electrically connected to the battery 200 via the charging management unit 109. The charging management unit 109 is used to convert the voltage provided by the power supply or the voltage provided by the solar panel 3 into the battery 200 voltage, and provide the battery 200 voltage to the battery 200.

[0133] In this embodiment, if Figure 18 , which is an implementable circuit schematic diagram of the charging management unit 109 , the charging management unit 109 includes a charging management chip U14 , a 41st resistor R41 , a 42nd resistor R42 , a 43rd resistor R43 , a 44th resistor R44 , a 45th resistor R45 , a second indicator light D9 , and a third indicator light D10 . The forty-first resistor R41 and the forty-second resistor R42 are connected in series between the second diode D7 and the third diode D8 of the power supply selection unit 108 and the ground, the first pin of the charging management chip U14 is electrically connected between the forty-first resistor R41 and the forty-second resistor R42, the forty-third resistor R43 and the forty-fourth resistor R44 are connected in series between the battery 200 and the ground, the second pin and the third pin of the charging management chip U14 are electrically connected to the two ends of the forty-third resistor R43, the fourth pin of the charging management chip U14 is electrically connected to the battery 200 through the forty-fifth resistor R45, the second indicator light D9 is electrically connected to the fifth pin of the charging management chip U14, the main control chip U9 is electrically connected between the second indicator light D9 and the fifth pin of the charging management chip U14, and the third indicator light D10 is electrically connected to the sixth pin of the charging management chip U14. The 41st and 42nd resistors R41 and R42 are used to set the maximum power tracking point of the charge management chip U14. The 43rd and 44th resistors R43 and R44 are used to set the output voltage of the charge management chip U14. The 45th resistor R45 is used to set the charging current. The second indicator light D9 is used to emit a charging light signal when the battery 200 is charging, and the third indicator light D10 is used to emit a fully charged light signal when the battery 200 is fully charged. The charge management chip U14 is used to convert the voltage provided by the power supply or the voltage provided by the solar panel 3 into the voltage required to charge the battery 200. It also sends a charging signal to the main control chip U9 when the battery 200 is charging.

[0134] In this embodiment, the voltage required for charging the battery 200 can be set to 5-8.4 V. The charging management chip U14 can be a BQ24650 chip.

[0135] Further, if Figure 13 As shown, the control module 100 also includes a protection unit 111, which is electrically connected to the battery 200 and the communication coding unit 103; the protection unit 111 is used to detect the voltage information of the battery 200, and when the voltage value corresponding to the voltage information is lower than the sixth preset voltage, the battery 200 is controlled to stop discharging, and when the voltage value corresponding to the voltage information is higher than the seventh preset voltage, the battery 200 is controlled to stop charging.

[0136] In this embodiment, if Figure 19 The figure shows an implementable circuit schematic diagram of the protection unit 111 provided in this embodiment. The protection unit 111 includes a detection chip U11 and a second switch U12. The detection chip U11 is electrically connected to the battery 200 and the second switch U12. The battery 200 is electrically connected to the eighth resistor R8 through the second switch U12. The detection chip U11 is used to detect the voltage information of the battery 200. When the voltage value corresponding to the voltage information is lower than the sixth preset voltage, the detection chip U11 controls the battery 200 to stop discharging through the second switch U12. When the voltage value corresponding to the voltage information is higher than the seventh preset voltage, the detection chip U11 controls the battery 200 to stop charging through the second switch U12.

[0137] In this embodiment, the detection chip U11 can be an R5460 chip, and the second switch U12 can be an AO8810 chip. The sixth preset voltage can be set to 5V, and the seventh preset voltage can be set to 8.45V. That is, when the voltage of the battery 200 is lower than 5V, the battery 200 is controlled to stop discharging, thereby preventing the battery 200 from over-discharging. When the voltage of the battery 200 is higher than 8.45V, the battery 200 is controlled to stop charging, thereby preventing the battery 200 from overcharging. Of course, it is also possible to detect whether the battery 200 is experiencing overcurrent and short circuit phenomena, but these are not detailed here.

[0138] Further, if Figure 13As shown, the control module 100 also includes a system power supply unit 112, and the battery 200 is electrically connected to the main control unit 101, the communication decoding unit 102, the communication encoding unit 103, the power supply switching unit 104, the discharge limiting unit 106, the current detection unit 107, the power supply selection unit 108, the charging management unit 109 and the status indication unit 113 through the system power supply unit 112. The system power supply unit 112 is used to provide the main control unit 101, the communication decoding unit 102, the communication encoding unit 103, the power supply switching unit 104, the discharge limiting unit 106, the current detection unit 107, the power supply selection unit 108, the charging management unit 109 and the status indication unit 113 with the system voltage required for operation.

[0139] In this embodiment, if Figure 20 Figure 1 shows an implementable circuit schematic diagram of the system power supply unit 112. The system power supply unit 112 includes a second voltage stabilizing chip U13. The battery 200 is electrically connected to the main control unit 101, the communication decoding unit 102, the communication encoding unit 103, the power supply switching unit 104, the discharge limiting unit 106, the current detection unit 107, the power supply selection unit 108, the charging management unit 109, and the status indication unit 113 through the second voltage stabilizing chip U13. The voltage stabilizing chip is used to convert the voltage of the battery 200 to the system voltage, which can be set to 3.3V.

[0140] Furthermore, if Figure 13 As shown, the control module 100 further includes a state indicating unit 113, and the main control chip U9 is electrically connected to the state indicating unit 113. The state indicating unit 113 is used to send working state information and discharge state information of the power supply device 10.

[0141] Please refer to Figure 21 , which is an implementable circuit schematic diagram of the status indication unit 113 provided in this embodiment. The status indication unit 113 includes a fourth indication light D11, a fifth indication light D12, a fifth switch tube Q5 and a sixth switch tube Q6. The main control chip U9 is electrically connected to the fourth indication light D11 through the fifth switch tube Q5, and the main control chip U9 is electrically connected to the fifth indication light D12 through the sixth switch tube Q6.

[0142] In this embodiment, when the main control chip U9 obtains the first power information, it controls the fifth switch tube Q5 to conduct, causing the fourth indicator light D11 to emit a double-flashing light signal to indicate that the power supply device 10 is connected in series with another power supply device 10. When the main control chip U9 receives a charging signal sent by the charge management chip U14, it controls the fifth switch tube Q5 to conduct, causing the fourth indicator light D11 to emit a single-flashing light signal to indicate that the battery 200 is in a charging state. When the main control chip U9 receives a low-voltage signal sent by the second comparator U4, the main control chip U9 controls the fifth switch tube Q5 to conduct, causing the fourth indicator light D11 to emit a triple-flashing light signal to indicate that the battery 200 is in a low-power state.

[0143] In this embodiment, when the main control chip U9 receives the connection information sent by the third comparator U7 that the load 2 is connected to the power supply device 10, the main control chip U9 controls the sixth switch tube Q6 to be turned on, so that the fifth warning light D12 emits a single flash light signal. When the main control chip U9 receives the connection information sent by the third comparator U7 that the load 2 is not connected to the power supply device 10 within the first preset time, the fifth warning light D12 is controlled to emit a double flash light signal. When the main control chip U9 receives the connection information sent by the third comparator U7 that the load 2 is not connected to the power supply device 10 beyond the first preset time, the fourth warning light D11 and the fifth warning light D12 are controlled to stop emitting light signals, indicating that the power supply device 10 is in a long-term storage state. The first preset time can be set to 24 hours.

[0144] In this embodiment, the fourth indication light D11 and the fifth indication light D12 can both be LEDs or light emitting diodes, and the fifth switch tube Q5 and the sixth switch tube Q6 can both be transistors.

[0145] In this embodiment, to prevent frequent switching between the first power supply device 20 and the power supply device 10 when supplying power to the load 2, the main control chip U9 may compare whether the first power information is higher than 20% of the second power information when comparing the first power information with the second power information. If the first power information is higher than 20% of the second power information, the first power supply device 20 is controlled to provide the first voltage to the load 2 or the second power supply device 30 electrically connected to the power supply device 10. Otherwise, the power supply device 10 is controlled to provide the second voltage to the load 2 or the second power supply device 30 electrically connected to the power supply device 10.

[0146] In this embodiment, the control module 100 and the battery 200 are integrated with the solar panel 3 but not with the load 2 , which makes the load 2 lighter and more flexible to install.

[0147] In summary, an embodiment of the present invention provides a power supply device and system, in which the input port of the control module of the power supply device is electrically connected to the first power supply device, and the output port of the control module is electrically connected to the load or is electrically connected to the load through multiple second power supply devices connected in series. By comparing the power information between the first power supply device, the power supply device and the multiple second power supply devices, it is possible to select the power supply with the highest power from the first power supply device, the power supply device and the multiple second power supply devices to supply power to the load, thereby meeting the power consumption requirements of different loads and improving the compatibility of the power supply system. At the same time, the load is powered by the first power supply device, the power supply device and the multiple second power supply devices in series. When the battery capacity of one of the power supply devices is insufficient, other power supply devices will supply power to the load, making the power supply reliability higher and the battery life stronger.

[0148] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A power supply device, characterized in that: The device comprises a control module and a battery, wherein at least one input port of the control module is electrically connected to at least one first power supply device, at least one output port of the control module is electrically connected to at least one load in a one-to-one correspondence or is electrically connected to the at least one load in a one-to-one correspondence through multiple second power supply devices, and the control module is also electrically connected to the battery; The control module is used to determine, based on the first power information provided by each first power supply device and the second power information of the battery, that at least one of the first power supply devices and the battery has the highest power to supply power to at least one of the loads; or, transmit the highest power information of the first power information and the second power information to at least one second power supply device electrically connected to the power supply device, so as to enable comparison among multiple second power supply devices, thereby selecting at least one power supply device with high power information from at least one first power supply device, the power supply device where the battery is located, and multiple second power supply devices to supply power to at least one of the loads; each second power supply device compares the received power information with its own power information and transmits the highest power information obtained by comparison to the next connected second power supply device or load; The control module includes a main control unit, at least one communication decoding unit, a communication encoding unit and a power supply switching unit, the main control unit is electrically connected to at least one communication decoding unit, the communication encoding unit, the power supply switching unit and the battery, at least one communication decoding unit is electrically connected to at least one input port in a one-to-one correspondence, the communication encoding unit is electrically connected to the battery and the power supply switching unit, and the power supply switching unit is electrically connected to at least one input port and at least one output port; Each of the communication decoding units is used to obtain the first voltage carrying first coding information of the corresponding first power supply device, decode the first coding information to obtain decoding information, and transmit the decoding information to the main control unit; The main control unit is used to obtain second power information of the battery, and control the communication coding unit to encode the voltage of the battery according to the second power information to obtain a second voltage carrying the second coding information; The main control unit is further configured to obtain at least one first power information according to at least one piece of the decoded information, compare the at least one first power information with the second power information, and if one of the at least one first power information is the highest, control the power switching unit to transmit the first voltage corresponding to the highest first power information to at least one of the loads, or to transmit the first voltage corresponding to the highest first power information to at least one second power supply device electrically connected to the power supply device; If the second power information is the highest, the power supply switching unit is controlled to transmit the second voltage to at least one of the loads, or to transmit the second voltage to at least one second power supply device electrically connected to the power supply device.

2. The power supply device according to claim 1, characterized in that: When at least one input port of the control module is an input port and at least one output port of the control module is an output port, the input port is electrically connected to one first power supply device, and the output port is electrically connected to one load or is electrically connected to one load through a plurality of second power supply devices connected in series; The control module is used to determine that the one with higher power among the first power supply device and the battery supplies power to the load based on the first power information provided by the first power supply device and the second power information of the battery; or, transmit the higher power information among the first power information and the second power information to a second power supply device electrically connected to the power supply device, so as to compare among multiple second power supply devices, and then select the power supply device with the highest power information from the first power supply device, the power supply device where the battery is located, and multiple second power supply devices to supply power to the load.

3. The power supply device according to claim 1, wherein: When at least one input port of the control module is a plurality of input ports and at least one output port of the control module is a single output port, the plurality of input ports are electrically connected to a plurality of first power supply devices in a one-to-one correspondence, and the output port is electrically connected to a single load or is electrically connected to a single load via a plurality of second power supply devices connected in series; The control module is configured to determine, based on the first power information provided by each of the first power supply devices and the second power information of the battery, which of the plurality of first power supply devices and the battery has the highest power to supply power to the load; Alternatively, the power information with the highest power among the multiple first power information and the second power information is transmitted to a second power supply device electrically connected to the power supply device, so as to be compared among the multiple second power supply devices, thereby selecting a power supply device with the highest power information from the multiple first power supply devices, the power supply device where the battery is located, and the multiple second power supply devices to power the load.

4. The power supply device according to claim 1, wherein: When the at least one input port of the control module is one input port and the at least one output port of the control module is a plurality of output ports, the one input port is electrically connected to one first power supply device, and the plurality of output ports are electrically connected to the plurality of loads in a one-to-one correspondence or are electrically connected to the plurality of loads in a one-to-one correspondence through a plurality of second power supply devices; The multiple second power supply devices include multiple parallel power supply devices, multiple series power supply devices, and multiple output power supply devices. The multiple parallel power supply devices are electrically connected to the multiple output ports in a one-to-one correspondence. Each of the parallel power supply devices is electrically connected to the multiple series power supply devices through its own multiple output ports. Each of the series power supply devices is electrically connected to other series power supply devices or multiple output power supply devices through its own multiple output ports. The multiple output power supply devices are electrically connected to the multiple loads in a one-to-one correspondence. The control module is used to determine, based on the first power information provided by the first power supply device and the second power information of the battery, that the one with higher power among the first power supply device and the battery supplies power to the multiple loads; or, transmit the higher power information among the first power information and the second power information to each of the parallel power supply devices, so that each of the parallel power supply devices can be compared with the multiple series power supply devices connected in series, thereby realizing the selection of multiple power supply devices with higher power from the first power supply device, the power supply device where the battery is located, and the multiple second power supply devices to supply power to the multiple loads.

5. The power supply device according to claim 1, wherein: When at least one input port of the control module is a plurality of input ports and at least one output port of the control module is a plurality of output ports, the plurality of input ports are electrically connected one-to-one with the plurality of first power supply devices, the plurality of output ports are electrically connected one-to-one with the plurality of loads, or are electrically connected one-to-one with the plurality of loads through the plurality of second power supply devices; the plurality of second power supply devices include a plurality of parallel power supply devices, a plurality of series power supply devices, and a plurality of output power supply devices, the plurality of parallel power supply devices are electrically connected one-to-one with the plurality of output ports, each of the parallel power supply devices is electrically connected to the plurality of series power supply devices through its own plurality of output ports, each of the series power supply devices is electrically connected to other series power supply devices or the plurality of output power supply devices through its own plurality of output ports, and the plurality of output power supply devices are electrically connected one-to-one with the plurality of loads; The control module is configured to determine, based on the first power information provided by each of the first power supply devices and the second power information of the battery, which of the multiple first power supply devices and the battery with the highest power supply to power the multiple loads; Alternatively, the power information with the highest power among the multiple first power information and the second power information is transmitted to each of the parallel power supply devices, so that each of the parallel power supply devices can be compared with the multiple series power supply devices connected in series, thereby realizing the selection of multiple power supply devices with high power from the multiple first power supply devices, the power supply device where the battery is located, and the multiple second power supply devices to power the multiple loads.

6. The power supply device according to claim 1, wherein: Each of the communication decoding units includes a first comparison circuit and a first voltage divider circuit, one of the at least one input port is electrically connected to the first comparison circuit via the first voltage divider circuit, and the first comparison circuit is also electrically connected to the main control unit; The first voltage divider circuit is configured to divide the first voltage to obtain a divided first voltage, and send the divided first voltage to the first comparison circuit; wherein the first voltage is provided by a first power supply device electrically connected to an input port electrically connected to the first voltage divider circuit; The first comparison circuit is used to compare the divided first voltage with a first preset voltage to obtain the decoding information.

7. The power supply device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first comparison circuit includes a first comparator, a first resistor and a second resistor, the first voltage divider circuit includes a third resistor and a fourth resistor, the third resistor and the fourth resistor are connected in series between one of the at least one input port and the ground, the positive input terminal of the first comparator is electrically connected between the third resistor and the fourth resistor, the first resistor and the second resistor are electrically connected between the system power supply unit and the ground, the negative input terminal of the first comparator is electrically connected between the first resistor and the second resistor, and the output terminal of the first comparator is electrically connected to the main control unit.

8. The power supply device according to claim 1, wherein: The communication encoding unit includes a first voltage conversion circuit and a first switch, wherein an input end of the first voltage conversion circuit is electrically connected to the battery, an output end of the first voltage conversion circuit is electrically connected to both the first switch and the power supply switching unit, and the first switch is also electrically connected to the main control unit; The main control unit is configured to control the first switch to selectively conduct according to the second power information, so that the first voltage conversion circuit generates different output resistances; The first voltage conversion circuit is configured to output different voltages according to different output resistances, thereby generating the second voltage.

9. The power supply device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The first voltage conversion circuit includes a first voltage stabilizing chip, a first capacitor, a first inductor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor and a seventh resistor. The input pin of the first voltage stabilizing chip is electrically connected to the battery, the first capacitor is electrically connected between the output pin of the first voltage stabilizing chip and the switch control pin of the first voltage stabilizing chip, the first inductor is electrically connected between the output pin of the first voltage stabilizing chip and the power supply switching unit, the fifth resistor and the sixth resistor are connected in series between one end of the first inductor connected to the power supply switching unit and the first switch, the fifth resistor and the seventh resistor are connected in series between one end of the first inductor connected to the power supply switching unit and the first switch, and the feedback pin of the first voltage stabilizing chip is electrically connected between the fifth resistor and the sixth resistor and between the fifth resistor and the seventh resistor.

10. The power supply device according to claim 1, wherein: The control module further includes a fuel gauge unit, and the main control unit is electrically connected to the battery via the fuel gauge unit; The power meter unit is used to detect the first current information of the battery, calculate the second power information according to the first current information, and transmit the second power information to the main control unit.

11. The power supply device according to claim 10, characterized in that: The fuel meter unit includes a metering chip and an eighth resistor, the battery is grounded through the eighth resistor, the first pin and the second pin of the metering chip are connected to the two ends of the eighth resistor, and the third pin and the fourth pin of the metering chip are both electrically connected to the main control unit.

12. The power supply device according to claim 1, wherein: The control module further includes a discharge limiting unit, and the battery is electrically connected to the communication encoding unit through the discharge limiting unit; The discharge limiting unit is used to compare the voltage of the battery with a second preset voltage when the battery supplies power to the load, and when the voltage of the battery is lower than the second preset voltage, control the communication coding unit to stop working, so that the battery stops supplying power to the load; the discharge limiting unit is also used to compare the voltage of the battery with a third preset voltage when the battery does not supply power to the load, and when the voltage of the battery is higher than the third preset voltage, control the communication coding unit to switch from a stopped working state to a normal working state, so that the communication coding unit encodes the voltage of the battery to obtain a second voltage carrying second coding information; wherein, the third preset voltage is higher than the second preset voltage.

13. The power supply device according to claim 12, characterized in that: The discharge limiting unit includes a second comparison circuit, a second voltage divider circuit and a first switch circuit, the battery is electrically connected to the second comparison circuit through the second voltage divider circuit, and the second comparison circuit is electrically connected to the communication encoding unit through the first switch circuit; The second voltage divider circuit is used to perform voltage division processing on the battery voltage to obtain the divided battery voltage, and send the divided battery voltage to the second comparison circuit; The second comparison circuit is used to compare the divided battery voltage with the second preset voltage when the battery supplies power to the load, and when the divided battery voltage is lower than the second preset voltage, control the first switch circuit to be in the on state so that the communication coding unit stops working; the second comparison circuit is also used to compare the divided battery voltage with the third preset voltage when the battery does not supply power to the load, and when the divided battery voltage is higher than the third preset voltage, control the first switch circuit to be in the off state so that the communication coding unit switches from a stop working state to a normal working state.

14. The power supply device according to claim 13, characterized in that: The second comparison circuit includes a second comparator, a ninth resistor, and a tenth resistor. The second voltage divider circuit includes an eleventh resistor and a twelfth resistor. The first switch circuit includes a first switch tube, a thirteenth resistor, a fourteenth resistor, and a fifteenth resistor. The eleventh resistor and the twelfth resistor are connected in series between the battery and the ground. The negative input terminal of the second comparator is electrically connected between the eleventh resistor and the twelfth resistor. The ninth resistor and the tenth resistor are electrically connected between the system power supply unit and the output terminal of the second comparator. The positive input terminal of the second comparator is electrically connected between the ninth resistor and the tenth resistor. The output terminal of the second comparator is electrically connected to the first pin of the first switch tube through the thirteenth resistor. The fourteenth resistor is electrically connected between the first pin and the second pin of the first switch tube. The third pin of the first switch tube is electrically connected to the battery through the fifteenth resistor. The communication encoding unit is electrically connected between the fifteenth resistor and the third pin of the first switch tube. The second pin of the first switch tube is also grounded.

15. The power supply device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control module further includes a current detection unit, the communication encoding unit is electrically connected to the power supply switching unit via the current detection unit, and the current detection unit is also electrically connected to the main control unit; The current detection unit is used to collect the second current information provided by the communication encoding unit to the power supply switching unit, and obtain connection information of whether the power supply device is connected to the load based on the second current information, and send the connection information to the main control unit.

16. The power supply device according to claim 15, characterized in that: The current detection unit includes an amplifier circuit, a voltage follower circuit and a third comparison circuit, the amplifier circuit is electrically connected to the communication encoding unit, the power supply switching unit and the voltage follower circuit, and the voltage follower circuit is electrically connected to the third comparison circuit; The amplifier circuit is used to collect the second current information, amplify the third voltage corresponding to the second current information to obtain the amplified third voltage, and transmit the amplified third voltage to the third comparison circuit through the voltage follower circuit; The third comparison circuit is used to compare the amplified third voltage with a fourth preset voltage to obtain the connection information.

17. The power supply device according to claim 16, characterized in that: The amplification circuit includes an operational amplifier and a sixteenth resistor and a seventeenth resistor, the voltage follower circuit includes a voltage follower, the third comparison circuit includes an eighteenth resistor, a nineteenth resistor and a third comparator, the communication encoding unit is electrically connected to the power supply switching unit through the sixteenth resistor, the first input and second input terminals of the operational amplifier are electrically connected to the two ends of the sixteenth resistor, the output terminal of the operational amplifier is grounded through the seventeenth resistor, the positive input terminal of the voltage follower is electrically connected between the output terminal of the operational amplifier and the seventeenth resistor, the output terminal of the voltage follower is electrically connected to the positive input terminal of the third comparator, the negative input terminal of the voltage follower is electrically connected between the output terminal of the voltage follower and the positive input terminal of the third comparator, the eighteenth resistor and the nineteenth resistor are connected in series between the system power supply unit and the ground, the negative input terminal of the third comparator is electrically connected between the eighteenth resistor and the nineteenth resistor, and the output terminal of the third comparator is electrically connected to the main control unit.

18. The power supply device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control module includes a power supply selection unit, the power supply selection unit is electrically connected to a power source through one of the at least one input port, and the power supply selection unit is also electrically connected to the solar panel and the battery; The power supply selection unit is used to select the power source or the solar panel to supply power to the battery.

19. The power supply device according to claim 18, characterized in that: The power supply selection unit includes a fourth comparison circuit and a second switch circuit, the fourth comparison circuit is electrically connected to the power supply through one of the at least one input port, the fourth comparison circuit is electrically connected to the second switch circuit, and the second switch circuit and the solar panel are both electrically connected to the battery; The fourth comparison circuit is configured to compare the voltage provided by the power supply with a fifth preset voltage. When the voltage of the power supply is higher than the fifth preset voltage, the fourth comparison circuit is configured to control the second switch circuit to be turned on, thereby allowing the power supply to supply power to the battery. When the voltage of the power supply is not higher than the fifth preset voltage, the fourth comparison circuit is configured to control the second switch circuit to be turned off, thereby allowing the solar panel to supply power to the battery.

20. The power supply device according to claim 19, characterized in that: The fourth comparison circuit includes a fourth comparator, a twentieth resistor, a twenty-first resistor, a twenty-second resistor, and a twenty-third resistor. The second switch circuit includes a second switching transistor, a third switching transistor, a twenty-fourth resistor, a twenty-fifth resistor, and a twenty-sixth resistor. The twentieth resistor and the twenty-first resistor are connected in series between the input port and ground. The positive input of the fourth comparator is electrically connected between the twentieth resistor and the twenty-first resistor. The twenty-second resistor and the twenty-third resistor are connected in series between the system power supply unit and ground. The negative input of the fourth comparator is electrically connected between the twenty-second resistor and the twenty-third resistor. The output of the fourth comparator is electrically connected to the first pin of the second switching transistor through the twenty-fourth resistor. The second pin of the second switching transistor is grounded. The third pin of the second switching transistor is electrically connected to the second pin of the third switching transistor through the twenty-fifth resistor. The third pin of the second switching transistor is electrically connected to the first pin of the third switching transistor through the twenty-sixth resistor. The third pin of the third switching transistor is electrically connected to the battery.

21. The power supply device according to claim 18, characterized in that The control module further includes a charging management unit, and the power supply selection unit is electrically connected to the battery through the charging management unit; The charging management unit is used to convert the voltage provided by the power source or the voltage provided by the solar panel into a battery voltage, and provide the battery voltage to the battery.

22. The power supply device according to claim 1, characterized in that The control module further includes a protection unit, which is electrically connected to the battery and the communication encoding unit; The protection unit is used to detect the voltage information of the battery, and when the voltage value corresponding to the voltage information is lower than a sixth preset voltage, control the battery to stop discharging; when the voltage value corresponding to the voltage information is higher than a seventh preset voltage, control the battery to stop charging.

23. A power supply system, characterized in that: It includes multiple power supply devices electrically connected to each other, and the power supply devices are the power supply device, the first power supply device or the second power supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein the functions and structures of the power supply device, the first power supply device and the second power supply device are the same.

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