Electric Field Signal Acquisition Device and Exploration Equipment

Abstract

This application relates to an electric field signal acquisition device and exploration equipment. It includes a detection cylinder body to be arranged in an electric field. The detection cylinder body is a conductor, and the detection cylinder body has a first detection part and a second detection part arranged without contact in its circumferential direction. Under the action of the "eddy current" electric field and the "Lorentz force", electrons or charged particles in the detection cylinder body will move circumferentially along the detection cylinder body and then gather at the first detection part and the second detection part. The acquisition of the electric field signal can be completed by detecting the current or voltage at the first detection part and the second detection part. This electric field signal acquisition device can complete the acquisition of the electric field signal without penetrating into the medium, realize the detection of the medium, avoid or suppress the generation of capacitance effect, electrochemical effect and static effect, and improve the accuracy of the acquired signal and the accuracy of the detection result.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electromagnetic exploration, and particularly to an electric field signal acquisition device and exploration equipment. Background Art

[0002] According to the differences in conductivity and permeability in the medium, the method of using the electromagnetic induction principle for resource exploration is collectively referred to as the electromagnetic method. The basic principle of the electromagnetic method is that under the action of an alternating magnetic field (primary field), eddy currents (induced currents) are generated in the medium, and the eddy currents in turn generate a secondary magnetic field (secondary field) around them. By studying the intensity of the secondary field and its decay over time, or by studying the intensity, spatial distribution, and time characteristics of each component of the total field, anomalies can be discovered and the existence of underground conductive / magnetic bodies can be inferred. By analyzing the induced electric field and induced magnetic field, the electrical and magnetic changes of the underground medium can be obtained, and the purpose of detecting the electrical and magnetic structure distribution of the underground medium can be achieved.

[0003] In traditional electromagnetic exploration, magnetic probes are used to collect magnetic field signals, and two electrodes that penetrate deep into the medium are used to collect electric field signals. However, when the electrodes collect signals, they need to penetrate deep into the medium, and there is a gap between the electrodes and the medium, which will cause the "capacitance effect". Moreover, in a medium containing alkaline / acidic / saline liquids, electrochemical reactions generally occur on the electrodes, causing the "electrochemical effect", and there is also the "static effect" caused by uneven terrain and electrical properties of the shallow medium. These several effects will all affect the authenticity of the electric field signals collected by the electrodes, reducing the accuracy of the detection results. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to provide an electric field signal acquisition device and exploration equipment for the problem of low accuracy of traditional detection methods.

[0005] An electric field signal acquisition device includes a detection cylinder body for being arranged in an electric field. The detection cylinder body is a conductor, and the detection cylinder body has a first detection part and a second detection part that are arranged without contact in its circumferential direction.

[0006] An exploration equipment includes the above-mentioned electric field signal acquisition device.

[0007] The above-mentioned electric field signal acquisition device and exploration equipment include a detection cylinder body configured to be disposed in an electric field. The detection cylinder body is a conductor, and the detection cylinder body has a first detection part and a second detection part that are non-contact arranged in its circumferential direction. Under the action of the "eddy current" electric field and the "Lorentz force", electrons or charged particles in the detection cylinder body will move circumferentially along the detection cylinder body, and then gather at the first detection part and the second detection part. The acquisition of the electric field signal can be completed by detecting the current or voltage at the first detection part and the second detection part. This electric field signal acquisition device can complete the acquisition of the electric field signal without penetrating into the medium, realize the detection of the medium, avoid or suppress the generation of capacitance effect, electrochemical effect, and static effect, and improve the accuracy of the acquired signal and the accuracy of the detection result.

[0008] In one embodiment, the detection cylinder body is an open cylinder body, the first detection part is a first electrode plate, the second detection part is a second electrode plate. The open cylinder body has opposite first and second ends in the circumferential direction. The first electrode plate is disposed at the first end, the second electrode plate is disposed at the second end, the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate are oppositely arranged, and both the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate are electrically connected to the open cylinder body.

[0009] In one embodiment, the detection cylinder body is a coil cylinder body, the coil start end of the coil cylinder body is the first detection part, and the coil end of the coil cylinder body is the second detection part.

[0010] In one embodiment, the electric field signal acquisition device further includes a shielding member. The detection cylinder body includes an acquisition side and a shielding side that are opposite to each other, and the shielding member is disposed on the shielding side of the detection cylinder body.

[0011] In one embodiment, the size of the shielding member is larger than the size of the cross-section of the detection cylinder body.

[0012] In one embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the shielding member is circular.

[0013] In one embodiment, the shielding member is spaced apart from the detection cylinder body.

[0014] In one embodiment, the shielding body is coaxially arranged with the detection cylinder body, and the cross-sectional direction of the shielding body is parallel to the cross-sectional direction of the detection cylinder body.

[0015] In one embodiment, the electric field signal acquisition device further includes a signal receiving and recording instrument, and both the first detection part and the second detection part are electrically connected to the signal receiving and recording instrument. Description of the Drawings

[0016] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the electric field signal acquisition device in one embodiment;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of an exploration device in an embodiment. Specific implementation manner

[0018] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the present invention will be described more comprehensively below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0019] In one embodiment, an electric field signal acquisition device is provided, which includes a detection cylinder body for being arranged in an electric field. The detection cylinder body is a conductor, and the detection cylinder body has a first detection part and a second detection part which are arranged without contact in its circumferential direction. Under the action of the "eddy current" electric field and the "Lorentz force", electrons or charged particles in the detection cylinder body will move circumferentially along the detection cylinder body, and then gather at the first detection part and the second detection part. The electric field signal can be acquired by detecting the current or voltage at the first detection part and the second detection part. This electric field signal acquisition device can complete the acquisition of the electric field signal without penetrating into the medium, realize the detection of the medium, avoid or suppress the generation of capacitance effect, electrochemical effect and static effect, and improve the accuracy of the acquired signal and the accuracy of the detection result. The material of the detection cylinder body is not unique. Generally, it can be a good conductor detection cylinder body. The good conductor detection cylinder body has good conductivity, such as a metal detection cylinder body, and has a long service life.

[0020] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 , the detection cylinder body is an open cylinder body 100, the first detection part is a first electrode plate 210, and the second detection part is a second electrode plate 220. The open cylinder body 100 has opposite first and second ends in the circumferential direction. The first end and the second end are arranged at intervals. The first electrode plate 210 is arranged at the first end, the second electrode plate 220 is arranged at the second end, the first electrode plate 210 and the second electrode plate 220 are arranged opposite to each other, the open cylinder body 100 is a conductor, and both the first electrode plate 210 and the second electrode plate 220 are electrically connected to the open cylinder body 100. Under the action of the changing eddy current electric field, electrons or charged particles in the open cylinder body 100 will move circumferentially along the open cylinder body 100, and then gather at the first electrode plate 210 and the second electrode plate 220, forming a potential difference, and the potential difference is the characterization of the electric field strength. This electric field signal acquisition device can complete the acquisition of the electric field signal without penetrating into the medium, realize the detection of the medium, avoid or suppress the generation of capacitance effect, electrochemical effect and static effect, and improve the accuracy of the acquired signal and the accuracy of the detection result.

[0021] Specifically, during resource exploration, general resources are usually buried underground. After applying an excitation source, the medium (such as rock or ore) will generate an induced current, that is, eddy current, and the eddy current will generate a secondary magnetic field around it. The electric field signal acquisition device detects around the medium and is in the electric (magnetic) field induced by the medium. The medium can be understood as the emission source of the electric (magnetic) field signal. When collecting the electric field signal, since the current induced by the medium is an eddy current and the position of the electric field signal acquisition device may change during collection, the open cylinder 100 in the electric field signal acquisition device is a conductor and contains charged particles. The first electrode plate 210 and the second electrode plate 220 are both electrically connected to the open cylinder 100. The charged particles move circumferentially along the open cylinder 100 under the action of the eddy current electric field and the Lorentz force, and then gather at the first electrode plate 210 and the second electrode plate 220, forming a potential difference / voltage / electromotive force between the first electrode plate 210 and the second electrode plate 220. The potential difference is the characterization of the electric field strength, thus completing the collection of the electric field signal. Extensibly, the first electrode plate 210 and the second electrode plate 220 are equivalent to forming a capacitor, and the potential difference between the first electrode plate 210 and the second electrode plate 220 can be measured by devices such as the signal receiving recorder 400 to detect the electric field signal, serving as the basis for subsequent analysis to achieve medium detection.

[0022] The open cylinder 100 is a conductor. The material of the open cylinder 100 is not unique. Generally, it can be a good conductor open cylinder. The good conductor open cylinder has good conductivity, such as a metal open cylinder, and has a long service life. The first electrode plate 210 and the second electrode plate 220 are both electrically connected to the open cylinder 100. The first electrode plate 210 and the second electrode plate 220 are also both conductors. The connection method between the first electrode plate 210 and the second electrode plate 220 and the open cylinder 100 is not unique. For example, the first electrode plate 210 and the second electrode plate 220 are fixed at the first end and the second end of the open cylinder 100 by welding. The welding method can electrically connect the two and has good fixity and is not easy to fall off.

[0023] The shape of the open cylinder 100 is not unique and varies according to the cross-sectional shape. The open cylinder 100 can be an object formed by cutting an opening in the side wall of a cylinder, with the opening penetrating the upper and lower bases, and the first end and the second end are formed at the opening. The open cylinder 100 has an axial direction and a circumferential direction. The circumferential direction of the open cylinder 100 refers to the contour direction of the cross-section of the open cylinder 100, and the axial direction of the open cylinder 100 refers to the height direction of the open cylinder 100, that is, the direction perpendicular to the cross-section of the open cylinder 100. The shape of the cross-section of the open cylinder 100 is not unique either. For the convenience of description, it is assumed that the open cylinder 100 is closed in the circumferential direction and there is no first end and second end. Then the shape of the cross-section of the open cylinder 100 can be circular. Correspondingly, in fact, at this time, the shape of the cross-section of the open cylinder 100 is an unclosed circle. The charged particles in the open cylinder 100 move in a circular motion along the open cylinder 100 under the action of an electric field, and a potential difference is formed at the first electrode plate 210 and the second electrode plate 220. It can be understood that in other embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of the open cylinder 100 can also be other shapes as long as those skilled in the art think it can be achieved.

[0024] The open cylinder 100 has opposite first and second ends in the circumferential direction, and the first end and the second end are spaced apart. Specifically, the first end penetrates the axial direction of the open cylinder 100, and the second end also penetrates the axial direction of the open cylinder 100. The first end and the second end can be understood as the boundaries between the opening formed by the open cylinder in the axial direction and the open cylinder 100. Further, the axial direction of the open cylinder 100 can be perpendicular to the ground or parallel to the ground, which needs to be determined according to experiments. The extending directions of the first end and the second end are parallel to the axial direction of the open cylinder 100 to form a regular cut, which is beneficial to improving the working performance of the electric field signal acquisition device. The thickness of the open cylinder 100 is not unique and needs to be selected according to actual requirements and experiments.

[0025] In resource exploration, electromagnetic methods are usually used. In frequency-domain electromagnetic exploration, the Cagniard resistivity ρ s is used to characterize the changes in the electrical / magnetic structure of underground media. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0026]

[0027] In the formula: ω is the angular frequency, μ is the magnetic permeability, Ex is the electric field strength, and Hy is the magnetic field strength. After the electric field strength is acquired by the electric field signal acquisition device, the resistivity can be calculated, which is used as a basis for judging whether there are anomalies and the distribution of the electrical / magnetic structure of the medium to achieve resource exploration.

[0028] Under the action of an electric field, electrons or charged particles within the open-ended cylinder 100 will move circumferentially along the open-ended cylinder 100 and then accumulate at the first electrode plate 210 and the second electrode plate 220, forming a potential difference, which is a representation of the electric field strength, thereby completing the acquisition of the electric field signal. This electric field signal acquisition device can complete the acquisition of the electric field signal without delving deep into the medium, realizing the detection of the medium, avoiding or suppressing the generation of capacitance effects and electrochemical effects, and improving the accuracy of the acquired signal and the accuracy of the detection result.

[0029] In one embodiment, the detection cylinder is a coil cylinder, the coil start end of the coil cylinder is the first detection part, and the coil end of the coil cylinder is the second detection part.

[0030] Specifically, the detection cylinder may include a conductor column and a winding wound around the conductor column, with the start and end ends of the winding respectively serving as the first detection part and the second detection part. The detection cylinder may also only include a winding wound into a cylindrical shape, with the start and end ends of the winding respectively serving as the first detection part and the second detection part. When collecting the electric field signal, since the current induced by the medium is an eddy current and the position of the electric field signal acquisition device may change during collection, the coil cylinder in the electric field signal acquisition device is a conductor and contains charged particles. Under the action of the "eddy current" electric field and the "Lorentz force", the electrons or charged particles within the coil cylinder will move circumferentially along the coil cylinder, forming a current. The product of the current I and the resistance R is the voltage, which can be used to represent the electric field strength, or directly represent the electric field strength with the current I, realizing the detection of the electric field signal and serving as the basis for subsequent analysis to realize the detection of the medium. The above-mentioned electric field signal acquisition device and exploration equipment include a coil cylinder arranged within the electric field.

[0031] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 , the electric field signal acquisition device further includes a shielding member 300. The detection cylinder includes an acquisition side and a shielding side that are opposite to each other, and the shielding member is arranged on the shielding side of the detection cylinder. The acquisition side is the detection direction, and the shielding side is the non-detection direction. The shielding member 300 can shield the electric field signal from the non-detection direction and the magnetic field signal, i.e., the magnetic flux, entering the open-ended cylinder 100 from the detection direction and the non-detection direction, enabling the detection cylinder to only collect the electric field signal and improving the accuracy of the collected electric field signal.

[0032] Specifically, the detection cylinder can be an open cylinder or a coil cylinder. The medium is generally located below the ground surface. Taking the end of the detection cylinder close to the medium as the lower end and the end far from the medium as the upper end as an example, the shielding member 300 is arranged at the upper end of the detection cylinder, which can shield the electric field signals in the airspace above the upper end of the detection cylinder (i.e., the upper half airspace) and the magnetic field signals (i.e., magnetic fluxes) entering the detection cylinder from any direction, improving the accuracy of the acquisition results. The structure of the shielding member 300 is not unique. Generally speaking, the shielding member 300 is made of a good conductor and is not limited by frequency / duration. The magnetic field signals are intercepted by the shielding member 300 on the way into the detection cylinder and will not affect the detection cylinder. It can be understood that the thickness, material, shape, etc. of the shielding member 300 are not unique, and the optimal thickness, material, and form can be selected according to experiments.

[0033] In one embodiment, the size of the shielding member 300 is larger than the size of the cross-section of the detection cylinder. When the size of the shielding member 300 is larger than the size of the cross-section of the detection cylinder, the shielding range is larger and the shielding effect is better.

[0034] Specifically, the comparison type of the size of the shielding member 300 corresponds to the comparison type of the size of the detection cylinder. Generally speaking, the size of the shielding member 300 being larger than the size of the cross-section of the detection cylinder means that the cross-sectional area of the shielding member 300 is larger than the cross-sectional area of the detection cylinder. Further, the inner diameter of the shielding member 300 is larger than the outer radius of the detection cylinder. Taking the side of the shielding member 300 close to the detection cylinder as the lower side and the side far from the detection cylinder as the upper side as an example, in the axial direction of the detection cylinder, the shielding member 300 can cover the detection cylinder, so as to prevent the electric field signals on the upper side of the shielding member 300 from acting on the detection cylinder in a larger range, strengthening the shielding effect and thus improving the accuracy of the electric field signal acquisition.

[0035] Generally, the shielding member 300 has a certain thickness in the direction parallel to the axis of the detection cylinder to better meet the shielding requirements and have a better shielding effect. The specific value of the thickness of the shielding member 300 is not unique and can be adjusted according to actual needs and experiments. The cross-sectional shape of the shielding member 300 being circular is not the only case. For example, the shielding member 300 can be a round cake-shaped shielding member with a good shielding effect, or it can be an annular shielding member to reduce the usage. It can be understood that in other embodiments, the shielding member 300 can also be of other shapes, and the material and size of the shielding member 300 can also be adjusted according to actual needs as long as those skilled in the art think it can be achieved.

[0036] In one embodiment, the shielding member 300 is arranged at an interval from the detection cylinder. When the shielding member 300 is arranged at an interval from the detection cylinder, it can avoid the mutual influence between the shielding member 300 and the detection cylinder and achieve the best effect of shielding the magnetic field signals (i.e., magnetic fluxes) from entering the detection cylinder, improving the working performance of the electric field signal acquisition device.

[0037] Specifically, the shielding member 300 being spaced apart from the detection cylinder means that the shielding member 300 does not directly contact the detection cylinder, but rather there is a certain distance therebetween. Generally speaking, the shielding member 300 and the detection cylinder are arranged in parallel. The distance between the shielding member 300 and the detection cylinder refers to the perpendicular distance therebetween. The distance between the shielding member 300 and the detection cylinder is not unique and can be determined through experiments in a complex all-airspace environment so that the distance meets more requirements. The way of arranging the shielding member 300 and the detection cylinder with a space therebetween is not unique. For example, the shielding member 300 can be arranged at one end of the detection cylinder, such as the upper end, through a connecting member to keep the position of the shielding member 300 fixed and improve its working performance. Further, the connecting member can be a connecting member with adjustable spacing, which is convenient for adjusting the distance between the shielding member 300 and the detection cylinder in different situations and is easy to use. In addition, the connecting member must be an insulating connecting member to prevent the shielding member 300 and the detection cylinder from having charged particle exchange through the connecting member, so as to avoid mutual working interference between the shielding member 300 and the detection cylinder.

[0038] In one embodiment, the shielding body and the detection cylinder are coaxially arranged, and the cross-sectional direction of the shielding body is parallel to the cross-sectional direction of the detection cylinder.

[0039] Specifically, the shielding body and the detection cylinder being coaxially arranged means that the central axis of the shielding body coincides with the central axis of the open cylinder 100. The cross-sectional direction of the shielding member 300 being parallel to the cross-sectional direction of the detection cylinder can make the distance between the bottom surface of the shielding member 300 and the top surface of the detection cylinder equal everywhere, thereby improving the balance of the shielding effect of the shielding member 300 on each position of the detection cylinder and improving the working performance of the detection cylinder. Further, the arrangement mode of the shielding body and the detection cylinder can be coaxial with different diameters, and the diameter of the cross-section of the shielding member 300 is larger than the diameter of the cross-section of the open cylinder 100 to enhance the shielding effect.

[0040] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 , the electric field signal acquisition device further includes a signal receiving and recording instrument 400, and both the first detection part and the second detection part are electrically connected to the signal receiving and recording instrument.

[0041] Specifically, when the detection cylinder is an open cylinder, the first detection part is the first electrode plate 210, and the second detection part is the second electrode plate 220, the first electrode plate 210 and the second electrode plate 220 are electrically connected to the signal receiving and recording instrument 400. The signal receiving and recording instrument 400 can detect the potential difference between the first electrode plate 210 and the second electrode plate 220 to obtain an electric field signal, which is used as the basis for resource exploration. When the detection cylinder is a coil cylinder, the lead-out wire of the coil cylinder is electrically connected to the signal receiving and recording instrument 400, that is, both the starting end and the ending end of the coil of the coil cylinder are electrically connected to the signal receiving and recording instrument 400. The signal receiving and recording instrument 400 can detect the current I at the starting end and the ending end of the coil, or obtain the electric field signal through the product R of the current I and the input resistance, which is used as the basis for resource exploration.

[0042] The type of the signal receiving and recording instrument 400 is not unique. For example, it can be a voltmeter, and the two ends of the voltmeter are respectively connected to the first electrode plate 210 and the second electrode plate 220 through wires. The voltmeter can display the detected voltage in real time. Based on the voltage values detected by the voltmeter at different times, the change law of the voltage can be analyzed to provide sufficient data support for resource exploration. The connection method between the wires and the first electrode plate 210 and the second electrode plate 220 is not unique. For example, it can be welding, and welding can enable the first electrode plate 210 and the second electrode plate 220 to conduct electricity through the wires, so that the voltmeter can normally detect the voltage between the first electrode plate 210 and the second electrode plate 220. It can be understood that in other embodiments, the signal receiving and recording instrument 400 can also be of other types as long as those skilled in the art think it can be realized.

[0043] In one embodiment, the electric field signal acquisition device further includes a solid conductor, and the detection cylinder is sleeved on the solid conductor. The solid conductor is arranged inside the detection cylinder, which can enhance the electric field intensity of the detection cylinder and expand the applicable range.

[0044] Specifically, the detection cylinder is sleeved on the solid conductor. The size of the solid conductor is not unique. For example, the cross-sectional area of the solid conductor can match the cross-sectional area of the detection cylinder so that the solid conductor is just nested inside the detection cylinder, which is beneficial to position fixation; or, the cross-sectional area of the solid conductor can also be smaller than the cross-sectional area of the detection cylinder, with a gap between them, which is convenient for replacing different types of solid conductors, etc. The type of the solid conductor is not unique and can be a ferrosilicon conductor or an iron conductor, etc., which can be selected according to actual needs.

[0045] In one embodiment, the first electrode plate 210 and the second electrode plate 220 are arranged in parallel. When the first electrode plate 210 and the second electrode plate 220 are arranged in parallel, it is equivalent to forming a standard capacitor, which is convenient for adjusting and controlling the working state of the electric field signal acquisition device.

[0046] Specifically, the first electrode plate 210 and the second electrode plate 220 are arranged in parallel, and the distance between the two electrode plates can be adjusted according to actual needs, which is not limited here. Further, the first electrode plate 210 and the second electrode plate 220 can adopt electrode plates with equal size and the same material to improve the working stability of the electric field signal acquisition device.

[0047] The relationship between capacitance and potential (difference) / electric potential E is:

[0048]

[0049] Among them, C is the capacitance of the first electrode plate 210 and the second electrode plate 220, with the unit of farad (F), Q is the charge carried by the first electrode plate 210 and the second electrode plate 220, with the unit of coulomb (C), and U is the voltage (potential difference) between the first electrode plate 210 and the second electrode plate 220, with the unit of volt (V).

[0050]

[0051] In the formula: ε is the dielectric constant of the first electrode plate 210 and the second electrode plate 220; k is the electrostatic force constant of the first electrode plate 210 and the second electrode plate 220; S is the plate area of the first electrode plate 210 and the second electrode plate 220; d is the plate spacing between the first electrode plate 210 and the second electrode plate 220.

[0052] It can be seen from the above two formulas that when the charge Q of the capacitor is constant, the capacitance C can be increased or decreased by adjusting one or more of the plate distance d, plate area S, dielectric constant ε, etc., so that the voltage (potential difference) U is increased or decreased. For example, when the electric field signal acquisition device includes a signal receiving and recording instrument 400, taking the signal receiving and recording instrument 400 as a voltmeter, if the voltage value between the first electrode plate 210 and the second electrode plate 220 is not within the range of the voltmeter, the parameters of the first electrode plate 210 and the second electrode plate 220 can be adjusted so that the voltage of the two substrates can be detected by the voltmeter, improving the working performance of the electric field signal acquisition device.

[0053] To better understand the above embodiments, the following will be explained in detail with a specific embodiment. In one embodiment, the detection cylinder is an open cylinder 100, the first detection part is the first electrode plate 210, and the second detection part is the second electrode plate 220. Or the detection cylinder is a coil cylinder, the coil head end of the coil cylinder is the first detection part, and the coil tail end of the coil cylinder is the second detection part. The open cylinder 100 is an open circular good conductor cylinder, the first electrode plate 210 and the second electrode plate 220 are equivalent to a capacitor, and the structure of the electric field signal acquisition device is an open circular good conductor cylinder + capacitor + shielding system, which serves as an electric (field) signal receiving antenna to receive the electric field signal Ex in the electromagnetic wave (field) and measure the intensity and variation law of the electric field signal Ex.

[0054] When collecting the electric field signal Ex with traditional two electrodes, due to terrain undulations and inhomogeneous electrical (magnetic) bodies near the surface, the electric field signal Ex collected by the electrodes contains false information, which cannot be effectively suppressed or eliminated by the Hy / Ex ratio or other methods, namely the so-called "static effect". Moreover, when the electrodes are injected into the ground, the resistance of the soil or other media encountered when the current field diffuses far away in the soil or other media, the "capacitance effect" caused by the loose combination between the electrodes and the media, and the "electrochemical effect" generated between the electrodes and the media also affect the authenticity of the electric field signal Ex collected by the electrodes MN.

[0055] In the electromagnetic wave (field), the electric field and the magnetic field are perpendicular to each other and change according to the sine law, and propagate in the medium according to the sine law. The changing magnetic field generates a changing "eddy current" electric field, and the "eddy current" electric field displaces or moves the "charged" particles (electrons) in the medium, thus generating current or charge accumulation in the medium. The "charged" particles (electrons) displaced or moved under the action of the "eddy current" electric field are also affected by the Lorentz force and move in a circular motion. Therefore, when the electric field signal acquisition device includes an open circular good conductor cylinder / circular coil cylinder + capacitor + shielding system, it can be used as an electric (field) signal receiving antenna to receive the electric field signal Ex in the electromagnetic wave (field) and measure the intensity and change law of the electric field signal Ex.

[0056] The open circular good conductor cylinder refers to the unclosed open cylinder 100, the capacitor refers to the first electrode plate 210 and the second electrode plate 220 in parallel or other forms, and the shielding system refers to the upper closed circular body, the purpose of which is to shield the electric field signal from the "upper airspace" and the magnetic flux (magnetic field signal) entering the open circular good conductor cylinder / circular coil cylinder. The electric field signal acquisition device also includes a signal receiving and recording instrument 400. The signal receiving and recording instrument 400 can be the voltmeter in the "wire + voltmeter" led out from the capacitor. The voltmeter can measure and record the voltage / potential E change of the capacitor and the voltage at a certain point in time. The shielding system adopts a shielding system without frequency point (section) / time limit. The diameter of the shielding system is larger than that of the open circular good conductor cylinder / circular coil cylinder, and there should be a certain distance from the open circular good conductor cylinder / circular coil cylinder. The best diameter ratio between the shielding system and the open circular good conductor cylinder / circular coil cylinder, and the best distance between them need to be obtained through experiments in the complex environment of the "entire airspace".

[0057] Which kind of conductive material is used to make the shielding system has a better shielding effect, which needs to be determined through experiments. Which kind of material is used to make the capacitor has a better effect, which needs to be determined through experiments. Which kind of conductive metal material, such as copper or aluminum wire or plate form, is used to make the open circular good conductor cylinder / circular coil cylinder, and which medium is filled in the capacitor and the open circular good conductor cylinder has better functions, etc. Relevant information needs to be collected to optimize the material and morphology of the production materials, and the material and morphology are determined based on the experimental data.

[0058] The shielding system is coaxial with the open-ended good conductor cylinder / circular coil body, but has a different diameter. The shielding system is located at the upper portion (square) or one end of the open-ended good conductor cylinder, at a certain distance. The capacitor is located at the opening (unsealed portion) of the open-ended good conductor cylinder, and the two are effectively connected by welding or other means. The wires extending from the capacitor / circular coil body and the voltmeter (i.e., the wires of the signal receiving and recording device 400) are effectively connected to the capacitor and the signal receiving and recording device 400 by welding or other means.

[0059] Under the influence of the changing "eddy current" electric field and the Lorentz force, the electrons or charged particles in the open circular good conductor tube of the electric field signal acquisition device move in a circular motion along the open circular good conductor tube. Then, they gather at both ends of the capacitor, i.e., charge accumulates, forming a potential (difference) / voltage / potential E. This potential (difference) / voltage / potential E is measured using a potentiometer. This potential (difference) / voltage / potential E is a representation of the electric field strength in the electromagnetic wave (field). This is the working principle of the electric (field) signal receiving antenna, i.e., the electric probe. The potential (difference) / voltage / potential E obtained by the highest charge accumulation generated by the sinusoidally varying electric field acting on the electric field signal acquisition device, assuming no energy loss, is the real-time amplitude value of the electric field in the electromagnetic wave (field).

[0060] The relationship between capacitance and potential (difference) / potential E is:

[0061]

[0062] Wherein, C is the capacitance of the first electrode plate 210 and the second electrode plate 220, in farad (F), Q is the charge of the first electrode plate 210 and the second electrode plate 220, in volt (C), and U is the voltage (potential difference) between the first electrode plate 210 and the second electrode plate 220, in volt (V).

[0063]

[0064] Wherein: ε is the dielectric constant of the first electrode plate 210 and the second electrode plate 220; k is the electrostatic force constant of the first electrode plate 210 and the second electrode plate 220; S is the electrode area of the first electrode plate 210 and the second electrode plate 220; d is the electrode distance between the first electrode plate 210 and the second electrode plate 220.

[0065] As can be seen from the above two equations, when the charge Q of the capacitor is constant, the capacitance C can be increased or decreased by adjusting one or more of the plate distance d, the plate area S, the dielectric constant ε, etc., so as to increase or decrease the voltage (potential difference) U. For example, when the electric field signal acquisition device includes the signal receiving and recording instrument 400, taking the signal receiving and recording instrument 400 as a voltmeter, if the voltage value between the first plate 210 and the second plate 220 is not within the range of the voltmeter, the parameters of the first plate 210 and the second plate 220 can be adjusted so that the voltage of the two substrates can be detected by the voltmeter, improving the working performance of the electric field signal acquisition device.

[0066] The above-mentioned electric field signal acquisition device includes a detection cylinder body to be arranged in the electric field. The detection cylinder body is a conductor, and the detection cylinder body has a first detection part and a second detection part which are arranged without contact in its circumferential direction. Under the action of the "eddy current" electric field and the "Lorentz force", the electrons or charged particles in the detection cylinder body will move circumferentially along the detection cylinder body and then gather at the first detection part and the second detection part. The acquisition of the electric field signal can be completed by detecting the current or voltage at the first detection part and the second detection part. The electric field signal acquisition device can complete the acquisition of the electric field signal without penetrating into the medium, realizing the detection of the medium, avoiding or suppressing the generation of capacitance effect, electrochemical effect and static effect, and improving the accuracy of the acquired signal and the accuracy of the detection result.

[0067] In one embodiment, an exploration device is provided, including the above-mentioned electric field signal acquisition device.

[0068] The above-mentioned Wenner resistivity calculation formula is applicable when the electromagnetic wave (field) is in the "plane wave or similar plane wave" state, and the measured magnetic and electric field signals are in the same plane and perpendicular to each other. Therefore, Figure 2 The electric field signal acquisition device, that is, the electric probe and the magnetic probe 500, or the electric field signal acquisition device, that is, the electric probe, is arranged parallel to the ground. The magnetic probe 500 receives the magnetic field signal in the electromagnetic wave (field), and the electric probe receives the electric field signal in the electromagnetic wave (field). There should be a certain distance between the electric probe and the magnetic probe 500, and the distance should be determined according to the combined experimental data of the electric probe and the magnetic probe 500.

[0069] The above exploration equipment includes a detection cylinder body for being arranged in an electric field. The detection cylinder body is a conductor, and the detection cylinder body has a first detection part and a second detection part which are arranged without contact in its circumferential direction. Under the action of the "eddy current" electric field and the "Lorentz force", electrons or charged particles in the detection cylinder body will move circumferentially along the detection cylinder body, and then gather at the first detection part and the second detection part. The acquisition of the electric field signal can be completed by detecting the current or voltage at the first detection part and the second detection part. The electric field signal acquisition device can complete the acquisition of the electric field signal without going deep into the medium, realize the detection of the medium, avoid or suppress the generation of capacitance effect, electrochemical effect and static effect, and improve the accuracy of the acquired signal and the accuracy of the detection result.

[0070] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of concise description, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, it should be considered as the scope recorded in this specification.

[0071] The above embodiments only express several implementation manners of the present invention, and the description is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as a limitation on the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several deformations and improvements can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. An electric field signal acquisition device, characterized in that, Comprising a detection cylinder to be arranged in an electric field, the detection cylinder being a conductor, the detection cylinder having a first detection part and a second detection part which are arranged without contact in its circumferential direction, the detection cylinder being an open cylinder, the first detection part being a first electrode plate, the second detection part being a second electrode plate, the open cylinder having opposite first and second ends in the circumferential direction, the first end penetrating the axial direction of the open cylinder, the second end penetrating the axial direction of the open cylinder, the extending directions of the first end and the second end being parallel to the axial direction of the open cylinder, the first electrode plate being arranged at the first end, the second electrode plate being arranged at the second end, the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate being arranged opposite to each other, and both the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate being electrically connected to the open cylinder; Further comprising a shielding member, the detection cylinder including an acquisition side and a shielding side which are opposite to each other, and the shielding member being arranged on the shielding side of the detection cylinder.

2. The electric field signal acquisition device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection cylinder is a coil cylinder, the coil start end of the coil cylinder being the first detection part, and the coil end of the coil cylinder being the second detection part.

3. The electric field signal acquisition device according to claim 1, characterized in that The cross-sectional shape of the shielding member is circular.

4. The electric field signal acquisition device according to claim 1, wherein The size of the shielding member is larger than the size of the cross-section of the detection cylinder.

5. The electric field signal acquisition device according to claim 1, characterized in that The shielding member is arranged at an interval from the detection cylinder.

6. The electric field signal acquisition device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shielding body is coaxially arranged with the detection cylinder, and the cross-sectional direction of the shielding body is parallel to the cross-sectional direction of the detection cylinder.

7. The electric field signal acquisition device according to claim 1, wherein Further comprising a signal receiving and recording device, both the first detection part and the second detection part being electrically connected to the signal receiving and recording device.

8. An exploration device, characterized in that, Comprising the electric field signal acquisition device according to any one of claims 1-7.

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