A three-phase dry type non-excitation electric tap-changer

Abstract

The present invention relates to a three-phase dry-type non-excitation electric tap-changer, which is composed of a switch device and an intelligent controller. The cable socket of the switch device is connected to the intelligent controller through a control cable. The switch device is composed of four parts: a motor and a two-stage worm and worm gear reducer, a stepping mechanism, a gear position signal mechanism, and a switch body. It adopts a vertical bottom-fixed installation method, and from bottom to top are the motor and the two-stage worm and worm gear reducer, the stepping mechanism, the gear position signal mechanism, and the switch body. The shift lever in the stepping mechanism is inserted into the hole at one end of the shift block of the motor and the two-stage worm and worm gear reducer. The insulating seat with seven contact studs fixed in the gear position signal mechanism is fixed at the corresponding position of the seven-equal-part grooved wheel in the stepping mechanism. The central hole of the seven-equal-part grooved wheel in the stepping mechanism is sleeved on the corresponding part of the lower crankshaft of the switch body and locked and fixed. The switch of the present invention can effectively meet the requirements of the detection equipment for wind energy and solar photovoltaic power generation equipment for the switch.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a three-phase dry-type non-excitation electric tap-changer. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous promotion and implementation of renewable energy policies in China and the extensive utilization of renewable energy in various countries around the world, wind energy and solar photovoltaic power generation projects have achieved great development and have broad development space. Therefore, detection equipment devices for wind energy and solar photovoltaic power generation equipment have emerged as the times require. Since the installation sites of wind energy and solar photovoltaic power generation equipment are all in the wild far from urban areas or on high plateaus, it is required that their detection equipment devices must be movable vehicle-mounted cabin structures. A dry-type non-excitation electric tap-changer is needed in this test system device. Its technical requirements are as follows: 1. The insulating medium is air (i.e., dry type); 2. The three-phase rated voltage level is 35 KV; 3. The rated current should meet the requirements of different system capacities; 4. The number of tap positions is six, and the six inputs must be output from the same output terminal; 5. The operation mode is electric non-excitation regulation; 6. The volume of the switch should be able to meet the installation inside the cabin. To meet the above requirements of customers, a new three-phase dry-type non-excitation electric tap-changer must be developed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a three-phase dry-type non-excitation electric tap-changer, and the three-phase dry-type non-excitation electric tap-changer of the present invention can effectively meet the requirements of the detection equipment for wind energy and solar photovoltaic power generation equipment for the switch: 1. The insulating medium is air; 2. The three-phase rated voltage level is 35 KV; 3. The rated current should meet the requirements of different system capacities; 4. The number of tap positions is six, and the six inputs must be output from the same output terminal; 5. The operation mode is electric non-excitation regulation; 6. The switch has a small volume and can meet the installation inside the cabin.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A three-phase dry-type non-excitation electric tap-changer consists of a switch device and an intelligent controller. The cable socket of the switch device is connected to the intelligent controller through a control cable. The intelligent controller is a prior art and will not be elaborated here. Its characteristics are as follows: The switch device is composed of a motor and a two-stage worm and worm gear reducer, a stepping mechanism, a gear position signal mechanism, and a switch body. It adopts a vertical bottom-fixed installation method. From the bottom in sequence are the motor and the two-stage worm and worm gear reducer, the stepping mechanism, the gear position signal mechanism, and the switch body; the lever in the stepping mechanism is sleeved into the hole at one end of the dial block of the motor and the two-stage worm and worm gear reducer. The insulating seat with seven contact studs fixed in the gear position signal mechanism is fixed at the corresponding position of the seven-equal-part grooved wheel in the stepping mechanism. The central hole of the seven-equal-part grooved wheel in the stepping mechanism is sleeved into the corresponding part of the lower crankshaft of the switch body and locked and fixed.

[0006] The described switch body includes an insulating rotating shaft, a three-phase moving contact group, six input insulating fixed rods, one output insulating fixed rod, an insulating disc, a metal disc, twelve output fixed contacts, and seventy-two input fixed contacts. The switch body is of a cage-shaped structure. The two ends of the six input insulating fixed rods and one output insulating fixed rod with the same geometric dimensions are arranged in seven equal parts on the insulating disc and fixed on an insulating disc and a metal disc with the same outer diameter. And the two ends are respectively flush with the end faces of the insulating disc and the metal disc to form a cage body. To ensure that the cage body has sufficient mechanical strength, three insulating rings are arranged at corresponding positions in the axial direction of the cage body. The outer diameter of the insulating rings is the same as the outer diameter of the insulating disc. The six input insulating fixed rods and one output insulating fixed rod are fixed integrally with the corresponding parts of the outer wall of the insulating rings. Along the length direction of each input insulating fixed rod, three input support bolts that have constrained the input fixed contacts are fixed in a three-phase distribution. Along the length direction of one output insulating fixed rod, three output support bolts that have constrained the output fixed contacts are fixed in a three-phase distribution. Four input fixed contacts are elastically constrained at the corresponding parts of each input support bolt, and four output fixed contacts are elastically constrained at the corresponding parts of each output support bolt. The upper crankshaft of the insulating rotating shaft is constrained in the central hole of the insulating disc. The lower end of the lower crankshaft passes through the central hole of the metal disc and the upper end part is constrained in the central hole. The three-phase moving contact group is arranged at the corresponding positions of the two insulating moving rods of the insulating rotating shaft.

[0007] To ensure uniform voltage distribution of the related parts constrained on the input and output support bolts and prevent tip discharge, the described switch body further includes twenty-one inner grading rings, twenty-one outer grading rings, twenty-one inner insulating isolation cylinders, and twenty-one outer insulating isolation cylinders. Inner grading rings, outer grading rings, inner insulating isolation cylinders, and outer insulating isolation cylinders are arranged at the specified parts of each input support bolt and each output support bolt.

[0008] To ensure that the input and output insulating fixed rods meet the withstand voltage requirement of 35 KV between phases and to ground, the described switch body further includes twenty-one large insulating umbrellas. Along the length direction of each input insulating fixed rod and the output insulating fixed rod, one large insulating umbrella is arranged at each of the three corresponding positions to increase the creepage distance.

[0009] The described insulating rotating shaft is composed of two insulating moving rods, an upper crankshaft, and a lower crankshaft. One end of the two insulating moving rods clamps the upper crankshaft, and the other end clamps the lower crankshaft. To ensure that the insulating rotating shaft meets the withstand voltage requirement of 35 KV between phases and to ground, two small insulating umbrellas are arranged at each of the three corresponding positions on the two insulating moving rods.

[0010] The moving contact group is composed of three moving contact pieces, three moving contact pieces, three contact rings, three bus bars, three fixed supports, and three equalizing rings. The three moving contact pieces are fixed on the three moving contact pieces, respectively. The fixed supports are fixed on two insulating moving rods of the insulating shaft. The three contact rings and three equalizing rings are fixed on the corresponding positions of the three fixed supports, respectively. The three contact rings are always in elastic contact with the output fixed contacts constrained in the three output support bolts. The three bus bars are fixed and installed on the corresponding positions of the three contact rings. The moving contact piece support is fixed on the two insulating moving rods of the insulating shaft. The moving contact piece support, the moving contact piece, and the contact ring are connected and conducted through the bus bar, which ensures that the current flows in from the six input support bolts in sequence and always flows out from one output support bolt. The equalizing ring installed on the fixed support is to ensure uniform voltage distribution of the moving contact group.

[0011] The gear signal mechanism is composed of an insulating disk, a common contact ring, seven contact pins, a cable socket, two moving contact pins, two springs, and an insulating seat. Each contact pin is fixed in a corresponding hole of the insulating disk by a wiring terminal; the common contact ring is fixed in a corresponding groove of the insulating disk and the seventh contact pin is short-circuited with the common contact ring to form a common pin. The first to sixth contact pins are gear signal contact pins. The seven contact pins are respectively connected to the plug numbers on the cable socket in a one-to-one correspondence. The motor power line is connected to the cable socket according to the set number. The insulating disk is fastened to the corresponding position of the metal disc according to the set orientation; the small ends of the two moving contacts are covered with springs and pass through the large step holes of the insulating seat and are fastened through the small step holes. The small ends of the two moving contact pins are connected by wire welding; the insulating seat is fixed on the seven-equal-division groove wheel in the stepping mechanism. When the seven-equal-division groove wheel performs a station conversion, the moving contact pin is moved and closed to the corresponding gear signal contact pin and the common conductive contact ring on the insulating disk, so that the signal contact pin is connected to the common conductive contact ring.

[0012] The stepping mechanism comprises a seven-part groove wheel, a fixed shaft, a sliding sleeve, a roller sleeve, a shift fork, a shift rod and a supporting sleeve. The fixed shaft is arranged on a metal disc, the roller sleeve is inserted into the groove of the shift fork, and the two holes on the groove are kept coaxial with the roller sleeve hole. The small end of the shift rod passes through the shift fork and the roller sleeve hole according to the set orientation, and the small end head of the shift rod is firmly riveted to the corresponding position of the shift fork, so that the roller sleeve is constrained in the shift fork groove and can rotate freely around the small end of the shift rod; the sliding sleeve is pressed into the corresponding hole of the shift fork; the shift fork is inserted into the fixed shaft according to the corresponding hole and movably cooperates with the corresponding shaft, and is fastened and constrained on the fixed shaft by the supporting sleeve, the center hole of the seven-part groove wheel is inserted into the corresponding matching position of the lower crankshaft of the switch body, and the locking arc on the seven-part groove wheel is kept movably matched with the corresponding circular arc on the shift fork.

[0013] The described motor and two-stage worm and worm gear reducer include a single-phase motor, a short worm, a shifting block, an output shaft, two worm wheels, a long worm, a vertical support, a pillar, a horizontal support, and a metal chassis. The single-phase motor is fixed on the metal chassis. The short worm is coaxially fixed on the output shaft of the single-phase motor. The worm wheel is coaxially fixed on the long worm. The long worm is constrained in the horizontal support by bearings. The horizontal support is fixed on the metal chassis. The other worm wheel is coaxially fixed on the output shaft. The output shaft is constrained in the vertical support by bearings. The vertical support is fixed on the metal chassis and ensures that the worm wheel on the output shaft meshes correctly with the long worm. The shifting block is fixed at the end of the output shaft. And the short worm meshes correctly with the worm wheels fixed on the long worm. The metal chassis and the pillar are fastened together as a whole, and it is ensured that the shift lever in the stepping mechanism is inserted into the hole at one end of the shifting block.

[0014] In the present invention, by operating the intelligent controller to send a gear-up or gear-down command to the motor, the motor drives the shifting block on the output shaft of the two-stage worm and worm gear reducer to rotate slowly. The shifting block drives the shift lever integrated with the shift fork. The shift lever step-drives the seven-equal-part sprocket. The seven-equal-part sprocket drives the combined insulating rotating shaft provided with a three-phase moving contact group in the switch body to rotate synchronously. The moving contact pieces in the three-phase moving contact group are respectively in elastic contact with the corresponding input fixed contacts on the six input insulating rods in sequence. The contact ring in the three-phase moving contact group is always in elastic contact with the output fixed contact on one output insulating rod. Thus, the purpose of enabling the switch current to be input from one to six levels and output from the same output terminal is achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1a It is the front view of the switch device of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 1b It is the A-A view of the switch device of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 It is the front assembly view of the insulating rotating shaft and the three-phase moving contact group in the switch device of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3a It is the front view of the motor and the double-stage worm and worm gear reducer in the switch device of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3b It is the top view of the motor and the double-stage worm and worm gear reducer in the switch device of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4a It is the front view of the stepping mechanism in the switch device of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4b It is the top view of the stepping mechanism in the switch device of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5a It is the front view of the gear position signal mechanism in the switch device of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5b This is the top view of the gear position signal mechanism in the switch device of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6a This is the front view of the metal disc in the switch device of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6b This is the B-B view of the metal disc in the switch device of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7a This is the front view of the input support in the switch device of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 7b This is the left view of the input support in the switch device of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 7c This is the C-C view of the input support in the switch device of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 8a This is the front view of the fixed support in the switch device of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 8b This is the d-d view of the fixed support in the switch device of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 9a This is the front view of the lower crankshaft in the switch device of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 9b This is the e-e view of the lower crankshaft in the switch device of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 10 This is the structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0034] In the figure: 1 - Outer insulation isolation cylinder, 2 - Outer grading ring, 3 - Output support bolt, 4 - Output insulating fixed rod, 5 - Insulating disc, 6 - Inner insulation isolation cylinder, 7 - Inner grading ring, 8 - Output fixed contact, 9 - Main spring, 10 - Small insulating umbrella, 11 - Contact ring, 12 - Upper crankshaft, 13 - Fixed support, 14 - Busbar, 15 - Moving contact support, 16 - Grading ring, 17 - Moving contact, 18 - Input fixed contact, 19 - Input support bolt, 20 - Large insulating umbrella, 21 - Input insulating fixed rod, 22 - Insulating ring, 23 - Insulating moving rod, 24 - Metal disc, 25 - Lower crankshaft, 26 - Bearing cover, 27 - Common contact ring, 28 - Insulating disc, 29 - Contact pin, 30 - Moving contact pin, 31 - Spring, 32 - Insulating seat, 33 - Seven - equal - division sprocket, 34 - Fixed shaft, 35 - Sliding sleeve, 36 - Rolling sleeve, 37 - Fork, 38 - Support sleeve, 39 - Pushing rod, 40 - Pushing block, 41 - Output shaft, 42 - Single - phase motor, 43 - Short worm, 44 - Worm gear, 45 - Long worm, 46 - Vertical support, 47 - Pillar, 48 - Horizontal support, 49 - Metal chassis, 50 - Cable socket. Detailed implementation mode

[0035] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0036] As Figure 1a 、 Figure 10 shown, a three - phase dry - type non - exciting electric tap - changer of the present invention is composed of a switch device 100 and an intelligent controller 200. The cable socket 50 of the switch device 100 is connected to the intelligent controller through a control cable. The intelligent controller 200 is prior art and will not be elaborated here. Its characteristics are as follows: The switch device 100 is composed of a motor and a two - stage worm - gear reducer, a stepping mechanism, a gear - position signal mechanism, and a switch body. It adopts a vertical bottom - fixed installation method. From the bottom up, there are a motor and a two - stage worm - gear reducer, a stepping mechanism, a gear - position signal mechanism, and a switch body in sequence. The pushing rod 39 in the stepping mechanism is sleeved into the hole at one end of the pushing block 40 of the motor and the two - stage worm - gear reducer. The insulating seat 32 with seven contact pins 29 fixed in the gear - position signal mechanism is fixed at the corresponding position of the seven - equal - division sprocket 33 in the stepping mechanism. The central hole of the seven - equal - division sprocket 33 in the stepping mechanism is sleeved into the corresponding part of the lower crankshaft 25 of the switch body and locked and fixed.

[0037] As Figure 1a 、 Figure 1b 、 Figure 7a 、 Figure 7b 、 Figure 7cAs shown, the switch body includes an insulating rotating shaft, a three-phase moving contact group, six input insulating fixed rods 21, one output insulating fixed rod 4, an insulating disc 5, a metal disc 24, twelve output fixed contacts 8, seventy-two input fixed contacts 18, and eighty-four main springs 9. The switch body is of a cage-shaped structure. The two ends of the six input insulating fixed rods 21 and one output insulating fixed rod 4 with the same geometric dimensions are arranged in seven equal parts and fixed on an insulating disc 5 and a metal disc 24 with the same outer diameter. And the two ends are flush with the end faces of the insulating disc 5 and the metal disc 24 respectively to form a cage body. To ensure that the cage body has sufficient mechanical strength, three insulating rings 22 are arranged at corresponding positions in the axial direction of the cage body. The outer diameter of the insulating rings 22 is the same as the outer diameter of the insulating disc 5. The six input insulating fixed rods 21 and one output insulating fixed rod 4 are fixed integrally with the corresponding parts of the outer wall of the insulating rings 22. In the length direction of each input insulating fixed rod 21, three input support bolts 19 that have constrained the input fixed contacts 18 are fixed according to the three-phase distribution. In the length direction of one output insulating fixed rod 4, three output support bolts 3 that have constrained the output fixed contacts 8 are fixed according to the three-phase distribution. At the corresponding parts of each input support bolt 19, four input fixed contacts 18 are constrained by four main springs 9. At the corresponding parts of each output support bolt 3, four output fixed contacts 8 are constrained by four main springs 9. The upper crankshaft of the insulating rotating shaft is constrained in the central hole of the insulating disc 5. The lower end of the lower crankshaft 25 passes through the central hole of the metal disc 24 and the upper end part is constrained in the central hole. The three-phase moving contact group is arranged at the corresponding positions of the two insulating moving rods 23 of the insulating rotating shaft. To ensure uniform voltage distribution of the related parts constrained on the input and output support bolts and prevent tip discharge, inner grading rings 7 and outer grading rings 2 and inner insulating isolation cylinders 6 and outer insulating isolation cylinders 1 are arranged at the specified parts of each input support bolt and output support bolt. To make the input insulating fixed rods 21 and the output insulating fixed rod 4 meet the withstand voltage requirement of 35 KV between phases and to the ground, one large insulating umbrella 20 is arranged at each of the three corresponding positions in the length direction of each input insulating fixed rod 21 and output insulating fixed rod 4 to increase the creepage distance.

[0038] Partial assembly of the switch body: As Figure 1a 、 Figure 1b 、 Figure 7a 、 Figure 7b 、 Figure 7cAs shown in the figure, take one output insulating fixed rod 4, six input insulating fixed rods 21, and twenty-one large insulating umbrellas 20, and fix the large insulating umbrellas 20 at the positions set on the output insulating fixed rod 4 and the input insulating fixed rods 21 in a thermoplastic manner; take twenty-one inner grading rings 7, seventy-two input fixed contacts 18, eighty-four main springs 9, and eighteen input support bolts 19. First, use a pin shaft to pass through the corresponding holes of the input fixed contact 18 and the input support bolt 19 in each input support bolt 19 as required, and then use the main spring 9 and fasteners to fix it, so that four input fixed contacts 18 are elastically constrained at the corresponding parts in each input support bolt 19. Then, fix an inner grading ring 7 at the corresponding part of each input support bolt 19; take twelve output fixed contacts 8 and three output support bolts 3, and use the same method as above to elastically constrain the output fixed contacts 8 in the output support bolts 3 and fix an inner grading ring 7 at the corresponding part; take twenty-one outer grading rings 2, pass the input support bolts 19 and the output support bolts 3 through the corresponding holes of the input insulating fixed rod 21 and the output insulating fixed rod 4, and use the outer grading ring 2 and fasteners to fix them.

[0039] As Figure 2 shown, Figure 6a the Figure 6b insulating Figure 8a rotating Figure 8b shaft Figure 9a is Figure 9b composed of two insulating moving rods 23, an upper crankshaft 12, and a lower crankshaft 25. One end of the two insulating moving rods 23 clamps the upper crankshaft 12, and the other end clamps the lower crankshaft 25. In order to meet the withstand voltage requirement of 35KV for the insulating rotating shaft between phases and to the ground, two small insulating umbrellas 10 are provided at three corresponding positions on the two insulating moving rods 23. Assembly of the insulating rotating shaft and the moving contact group: Take twelve small insulating umbrellas 10, three contact rings 11, one upper crankshaft 12, three fixed supports 13, three busbars 14, three moving contact supports 15, three grading rings 16, three moving contacts 17, two insulating moving rods 23, and one lower crankshaft 25; fix the three moving contacts 17 on the three moving contact supports 15 respectively using fasteners; fix the three contact rings 11 and the three grading rings 16 at the corresponding positions of the three fixed supports 13 respectively; put the fixed support 13 equipped with the grading ring 16 and the contact ring 11 on the end of the two insulating moving rods 23 fixed to the upper crankshaft 12 from the direction of the grading ring 16, and make the ends of the two insulating moving rods 23 pass through the corresponding square holes of the contact ring 11 until the lower ends of the insulating moving rods 23 reach the corresponding positions of the fixed supports, and use fasteners to fix it on the insulating moving rods 23; then, successively put the small insulating umbrellas 10 and the fixed supports 13 fixed with the grading rings 16 and the contact rings 11 on the two insulating moving rods 23 according to the quantity and position relationship, and use the corresponding fasteners to fix them on the insulating moving rods 23; at both ends of the two insulating moving rods 23 according to Figure 2Insert the upper crankshaft 12 and the lower crankshaft 25 respectively in the illustrated orientations and fix them with corresponding fasteners; install and fix the busbar 14 and the moving contact support 15 with the moving contact 17 installed thereon at the corresponding positions of the three contact rings 11. Then, use a thermoplastic tool to fix the small insulating umbrella 10 at the position set on the insulating moving rod 23. Take a metal disc 24 and a bearing cover 26, and use the bearing cover 26 and fasteners to constrain the corresponding bearing in the stepped hole set on the metal disc 24. Take four struts 47 and fix them at the position set on the metal disc 24, and place the four struts 47 downward on the ground. Insert the lower end of the lower crankshaft 25 of the insulating rotating shaft with the three-phase moving contact group into and through the inner hole of the bearing in the central hole of the metal disc 24, so that the upper shaft diameter of the lower crankshaft 25 matches and is constrained in the inner hole of the bearing. Take three insulating rings 22 and put them on the two insulating moving rods 23 of the insulating rotating shaft. Fix the six input insulating fixed rods 21 and one output insulating fixed rod 4 with the relevant components installed thereon at the positions set on the periphery of the metal disc 24 in sequence by using fasteners. Adjust the three insulating rings 22 to the positions set on the input insulating fixed rods 21 and the output insulating fixed rod 4 and fix them. At the same time, ensure that the moving contact 17 on the insulating moving rod 23 is in correct elastic contact with the input fixed contact 18 on the input insulating fixed rod 21 and the output fixed contact 8 on the output insulating fixed rod 4 at the first station and the contact ring 11 on the insulating rotating shaft. Take an insulating disc 5 and install the corresponding bearing in its central blind hole. Place the insulating disc 5 on the top of the insulating rotating shaft, so that the bearing in the center of the insulating disc 5 matches and constrains the upper shaft diameter of the upper crankshaft 12, and then fix the ends of the six input insulating fixed rods 21 and one output insulating fixed rod 4 to the corresponding parts of the insulating disc 5 by using fasteners.

[0040] Assembly of the gear position signal mechanism: As Figure 1a , Figure 1b , Figure 5a , Figure 5b shown, take a common contact ring 27, an insulating disc 28, seven contact pins 29, and a cable socket 50. Fix each contact pin 29 in the corresponding hole of the insulating disc 28 by using a terminal and fasteners; fix the common contact ring 27 in the corresponding groove of the insulating disc 28 and short-circuit the seventh contact pin with the common contact ring 27; According to Figure 5aThe numbers on it use signal wires of a specified length to connect each contact stud 29 to the plug numbers on the cable socket 50 one by one. At the same time, the power supply wires of the single-phase motor are connected to the cable socket 50 according to the set numbers. Then, the insulating disc 28 is fastened to the corresponding position on the metal disc 24 according to the set orientation. Take two moving contact studs 30, two springs 31, and one insulating seat 32. Put a spring 31 on the small end of each of the two moving contact studs 30, pass through the large stepped hole of the insulating seat 32 and come out from the small stepped hole, and then use fasteners to rivet and restrain the moving contact studs 30 in the stepped hole. Then, use corresponding wires to weld and conduct the small ends of the two moving contact studs 30. And keep the moving contact studs 30 capable of axially moving up and down elastically within the set range. Finally, fix the insulating seat 32 at the corresponding position on the seven-equal-part grooved wheel 33.

[0041] Assembly of the stepping mechanism: As Figure 4a , Figure 4b , Figure 6a , Figure 6b shown, take one sliding sleeve 35, one rolling sleeve 36, one fork 37, one lever 39, and one support sleeve 38. Fit the rolling sleeve 36 into the slot of the fork 37, keep the two holes on the slot coaxial with the holes of the rolling sleeve 36. Then, pass the small end of the lever 39 through the fork 37 and the holes of the rolling sleeve 36 according to the set orientation, and rivet the head of the small end of the lever 39 to the corresponding position on the fork 37 firmly, so that the rolling sleeve 36 is restrained in the slot of the fork 37 and can rotate freely around the small end of the lever 39. Then, press the sliding sleeve 35 into the corresponding hole of the fork 37. Then, put the fork 37 assembled with relevant parts onto the fixed shaft 34 set on the metal disc 24 of the switch body according to the corresponding holes on it, and have a moving fit with the corresponding shaft. Then, use the support sleeve 38 and fasteners to restrain it on the fixed shaft 34. Take one seven-equal-part grooved wheel 33 and fit its central hole onto the corresponding matching part of the lower crankshaft 25 of the insulating rotating shaft of the switch body according to the specified orientation, and keep the locking arc at the position of number seven on the seven-equal-part grooved wheel 33 in moving fit with the corresponding arc on the fork 37 and adjust the two to the Figure 4a position shown. Adjust the moving contact piece 17 in the switch body to the set position to ensure that the working positions of the stepping mechanism and the moving contact piece 17 in the body are consistent. Then, screw the fastening nut into the end of the lower crankshaft 25 to lock the seven-equal-part grooved wheel 33. Drill and drive a taper pin at the set part of the seven-equal-part grooved wheel 33 and the lower crankshaft 25 according to the position state at this time to fix them into one body.

[0042] Assembly of the motor and the double-stage worm and worm gear reducer: As Figure 1a , Figure 1b , Figure 3a , Figure 3bAs shown: take a short worm 43 and a single-phase motor 42, and fix the short worm 43 coaxially on the output shaft of the single-phase motor 42; take a shift block 40, an output shaft 41, two worm wheels 44, a vertical support 46, a long worm 45, a horizontal support 48, and a metal chassis 49, and fix one of the worm wheels 44 coaxially on the position where the long worm 45 is set, and then constrain the long worm 45 equipped with the worm wheel 44 in the horizontal support 48 through bearings and related accessories, and fix the horizontal support 48 to the position where the metal chassis 49 is set; fix the other worm wheel 44 coaxially on the position where the output shaft 41 is set, and then constrain the output shaft 41 equipped with the worm wheel 44 through bearings and related accessories. The components are constrained in the vertical support 46, and the vertical support 46 is fixed to the position where the metal chassis 49 is set and the worm wheel 44 on the output shaft 41 is properly meshed with the long worm 45; the shift block 40 is fixed to the end of the output shaft 41 according to the set position; then the single-phase motor 42 equipped with a short worm 43 is fixed to the position where the metal chassis 49 is set and the short worm 43 thereon is properly meshed with the worm wheel 44 fixed on the long worm 45; the metal chassis 49 equipped with the motor and the two-stage worm gear reducer is connected to the support 47 by fasteners, and the shift rod 39 in the stepping mechanism is inserted into the hole at one end of the shift block 40; then the cable socket 50 is fixed to the position where the metal chassis 49 is set. Finally, one end of the control cable is connected to the cable socket 50, and the other end is connected to the intelligent controller. At this point, the switch is assembled.

[0043] The working principle of this switch: in the non-excitation state, by operating the intelligent controller to issue an upshift or downshift command, the motor drives the shift block of the two-stage worm gear reducer to rotate at a low speed, synchronously drives the shift lever in the stepping mechanism to rotate at a low speed, the shift lever drives the seven-part groove wheel to rotate 360° / 7 angles, the seven-part groove wheel synchronously drives the moving contact in the gear signal mechanism and the insulating shaft in the switch body to rotate at the same angle, the moving contact in the gear signal mechanism switches from one station to another and feeds the gear signal back to the intelligent controller, and at the same time the insulating shaft in the switch body synchronously drives the moving contact piece to switch from one station to another, so that the moving contact piece switches from contacting with the input fixed contact of one station to contacting with the input fixed contact of another station, and the output fixed contact is always in contact with the contact ring. The moving contact piece can be switched between stations 1-6 by operating the intelligent controller. Thereby, the purpose of current flowing in from the 1-6 station input fixed contact support bolts - input fixed contact - moving contact - moving contact support - bus bar - contact ring - output fixed contact - all the way to the output fixed contact support bolts is achieved.

[0044] In the present invention, by operating an intelligent controller to send an upshift or downshift command to a motor, a block on the output shaft of the motor and a two-stage worm and worm gear reducer rotates at a low speed, the block drives a lever integrated with a fork, the lever step-drives a seven-equal-part Geneva wheel, the seven-equal-part Geneva wheel drives a combined insulating rotating shaft provided with a three-phase moving contact group in a switch body to rotate synchronously, the moving contact pieces in the three-phase moving contact group are elastically contacted with corresponding input fixed contacts on six input insulating rods in sequence, and the contact ring in the three-phase moving contact group is always elastically contacted with an output fixed contact on an output insulating rod. Thus, the purpose of realizing that the switch current is input from the first to the sixth level and output from the same-level output terminal is achieved.

Claims

1. A three-phase dry-type non-excitation electric tap-changer, which consists of a switch device and an intelligent controller. The cable socket of the switch device is connected to the intelligent controller through a control cable. It is characterized in that: The described switch device consists of four parts: a motor, a two-stage worm and worm gear reducer, a stepping mechanism, and a switch body. It is installed vertically and fixed at the bottom. From the bottom up, they are the motor and two-stage worm and worm gear reducer, the stepping mechanism, the gear position signal mechanism, and the switch body. The shift lever in the stepping mechanism is inserted into the hole at one end of the shift block of the motor and two-stage worm and worm gear reducer. The insulating seat with seven contact studs fixed in the gear position signal mechanism is fixed at the corresponding position of the seven-equal-part groove wheel in the stepping mechanism. The central hole of the seven-equal-part groove wheel in the stepping mechanism is sleeved on the corresponding part of the lower crankshaft of the switch body and locked and fixed. The described switch body includes an insulating rotating shaft, a three-phase moving contact group, six input insulating fixed rods, one output insulating fixed rod, an insulating disc, a metal disc, twelve output fixed contacts, and seventy-two input fixed contacts. The switch body is of a cage-shaped structure. The two ends of the six input insulating fixed rods and one output insulating fixed rod with the same geometric dimensions are arranged according to the seven equal parts of the insulating disc and fixed on an insulating disc and a metal disc with the same outer diameter. And the two ends are respectively flush with the end faces of the insulating disc and the metal disc to form a cage body. Three insulating rings are arranged at the corresponding positions in the axial direction of the cage body. The outer diameter of the insulating rings is the same as the outer diameter of the insulating disc. The six input insulating fixed rods and one output insulating fixed rod are fixed to form an integral body with the corresponding parts of the outer wall of the insulating rings. Along the length direction of each input insulating fixed rod, three input support bolts that have constrained the input fixed contacts are fixed according to the three-phase distribution. Along the length direction of one output insulating fixed rod, three output support bolts that have constrained the output fixed contacts are fixed according to the three-phase distribution. Four input fixed contacts are elastically constrained at the corresponding parts of each input support bolt, and four output fixed contacts are elastically constrained at the corresponding parts of each output support bolt. The described insulating rotating shaft consists of two insulating moving rods, an upper crankshaft, and a lower crankshaft. One end of the two insulating moving rods clamps the upper crankshaft, and the other end clamps the lower crankshaft. The upper crankshaft of the insulating rotating shaft is constrained in the central hole of the insulating disc. The lower end of the lower crankshaft passes through the central hole of the metal disc and the upper end part is constrained in the central hole of the metal disc. The three-phase moving contact group is arranged at the corresponding positions of the two insulating moving rods of the insulating rotating shaft.

2. The three-phase dry-type non-excitation on-load tap-changer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The described switch body also includes twenty-one inner grading rings, twenty-one outer grading rings, twenty-one inner insulating isolation cylinders, and twenty-one outer insulating isolation cylinders. Inner grading rings, outer grading rings, inner insulating isolation cylinders, and outer insulating isolation cylinders are arranged at the specified parts of each input support bolt and each output support bolt.

3. A three-phase dry-type non-excitation electric tap-changer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The described switch body also includes twenty-one large insulating umbrellas. One large insulating umbrella is arranged at each of the three corresponding positions along the length direction of each input insulating fixed rod and the output insulating fixed rod.

4. A three-phase dry-type non-excitation electric tap-changer according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two small insulating umbrellas are arranged at each of the three corresponding positions on the two insulating moving rods.

5. A three-phase dry-type non-excitation electric tap-changer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The moving contact group is composed of three moving contact pieces, three moving contacts, three contact rings, three bus bars, three fixed supports and three equalizing rings. The three moving contacts are respectively fixed on the three moving contact pieces, the fixed supports are fixed on two insulating moving rods of the insulating rotating shaft, the moving contact pieces are fixed on the two insulating moving rods of the insulating rotating shaft, the three contact rings and the three equalizing rings are respectively fixed on the corresponding positions of the three fixed supports, and the three contact rings are always in elastic contact with the output fixed contacts constrained in the three output support bolts, and the three bus bars are respectively installed and fixed on the corresponding positions of the three contact rings; the moving contact pieces, the moving contacts and the contact rings are connected and conducted through the bus bars.

6. A three-phase dry-type non-excitation electric tap-changer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gear signal mechanism is composed of an insulating disk, a common contact ring, seven contact pins, a cable socket, two moving contact pins, two springs, and an insulating seat. Each contact pin is fixed in a corresponding hole of the insulating disk by a wiring terminal; the common contact ring is fixed in a corresponding groove of the insulating disk and the seventh contact pin is short-circuited with the common contact ring to form a common pin. The first to sixth contact pins are gear signal contact pins. The seven contact pins are respectively connected to the plug numbers on the cable socket in a one-to-one correspondence. The single-phase motor power line is connected to the cable socket according to the set number. The cable socket is fixed on the metal chassis, and the insulating disk is fastened to the corresponding position of the metal disc according to the set orientation; the small ends of the two moving contacts are covered with springs and passed through the large step hole of the insulating seat and fastened from the small step hole. The small ends of the two moving contact pins are connected by wire welding; the insulating seat is fixed on the seven-equal groove wheel in the stepping mechanism.

7. A three-phase dry-type non-excitation electric tap-changer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stepping mechanism comprises a seven-part groove wheel, a fixed shaft, a sliding sleeve, a roller sleeve, a shift fork, a shift rod and a supporting sleeve. The fixed shaft is arranged on a metal disc, the roller sleeve is inserted into the groove of the shift fork, and the two holes on the shift fork groove are kept coaxial with the roller sleeve hole. The small end of the shift rod passes through the shift fork and the roller sleeve hole according to the set orientation, and the small end head of the shift rod is firmly riveted to the corresponding position of the shift fork, so that the roller sleeve is constrained in the shift fork groove and can rotate freely around the small end of the shift rod; the sliding sleeve is pressed into the corresponding hole of the shift fork; the shift fork is inserted into the fixed shaft according to the corresponding hole and movably cooperates with the corresponding shaft, and is fastened and constrained on the fixed shaft by the supporting sleeve, the center hole of the seven-part groove wheel is inserted into the corresponding part of the lower crankshaft of the switch body and locked and fixed, and the locking arc on the seven-part groove wheel is kept movably cooperated with the corresponding circular arc on the shift fork.

8. A three-phase dry type non-excitation electric tap-changer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The motor and two-stage worm gear reducer include a single-phase motor, a short worm, a shift block, an output shaft, two worm wheels, a long worm, a vertical support, a pillar, a horizontal support, and a metal chassis. The single-phase motor is fixed on the metal chassis, the short worm is coaxially fixed on the output shaft of the single-phase motor, the worm wheel is coaxially fixed on the long worm, the long worm is constrained in the horizontal support by a bearing, the horizontal support is fixed on the metal chassis, the other worm wheel is coaxially fixed on the output shaft, the output shaft is constrained in the vertical support by a bearing, the vertical support is fixed on the metal chassis and keeps the worm wheel on the output shaft correctly meshed with the long worm; the shift block is fixed on the end of the output shaft; and the short worm is correctly meshed with the worm wheel fixed on the long worm; the metal chassis and the pillar are fastened together, and it is ensured that the shift rod in the stepping mechanism is inserted into the hole at one end of the shift block.

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