A tunnel fault grouting reinforcement simulation device and use method

Abstract

The invention discloses a tunnel cross-fault grouting reinforcement simulation device, comprising a tunnel system, a fault reinforcement system and a monitoring system. The tunnel system comprises a tunnel roof rock layer, a simulated tunnel and a tunnel floor rock layer, and also comprises a simulated fault, wherein the simulated fault divides the tunnel system into two parts, a left part and a right part. The fault reinforcement system comprises a slurry diffusion zone, a simulated grouting hole and a slurry delivery pipe. The monitoring system comprises a stress monitoring unit and a displacement monitoring unit. The stress monitoring unit comprises a first stress sensor group, a second stress sensor group and a stress data collector. The displacement monitoring unit comprises a first displacement sensor group, a second displacement sensor group and a displacement data collector. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: it can realize the simulation of surrounding rock destruction and movement when the tunnel passes through a simulated fault after the tunnel is advanced grouting reinforced; the simulation is more accurate; it is simple and easy to implement; it is low in cost and repeatable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of mine safety technology, and in particular to a tunnel fault-crossing grouting reinforcement simulation device and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In my country's coal mining process, various disasters are closely related to the structure, including water disasters, gas disasters, roof disasters and rock burst. The above disasters also occur when the tunnel passes through the fault. For this reason, advance grouting reinforcement is mainly used to reduce disasters. In general, in order to ensure safe passage through the fault, high-density drilling is used to inject high-strength slurry. Although it can also ensure safe passage through the fault, it is often economically wasteful. The existing simulated grouting reinforcement devices and methods have the following problems:

[0003] (1) Numerical simulation methods are used, but grouting reinforcement is difficult to simulate accurately and it is difficult to simulate the absolute time effect in numerical simulation.

[0004] (2) Some physical simulations only focus on the rock mass in the fault fracture zone, but do not simulate the grouting during the engineering implementation process.

[0005] (3) Some physical simulations can only realize grouting diffusion simulation, but there is no simulation of engineering disturbance after grouting reinforcement.

[0006] (4) Although there is a certain basis for each aspect, the similarity criteria of physical similarity simulation are different and cannot be mechanically superimposed. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a tunnel cross-fault grouting reinforcement simulation device and a method of use, and the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.

[0008] A tunnel fault grouting reinforcement simulation device, comprising a tunnel system, a fault reinforcement system and a monitoring system;

[0009] The tunnel system includes a tunnel roof rock layer, a simulated tunnel and a tunnel floor rock layer arranged in sequence from top to bottom, and also includes a simulated fault, wherein the simulated fault is obliquely intersected with the simulated tunnel, the left side of the simulated tunnel is the excavated part, and the right side of the simulated tunnel is the unexcavated part;

[0010] The fault reinforcement system comprises a slurry diffusion area densely distributed in the simulated fault, simulated grouting holes inserted in the slurry diffusion area, and a slurry delivery pipe connected to the simulated grouting holes, wherein the simulated grouting holes are evenly distributed in the inserted slurry diffusion area, and at least four simulated grouting holes are arranged in each of the slurry diffusion areas, and the heads of the slurry delivery pipes are commonly connected to a slurry delivery main pipe, and the heads of the slurry delivery main pipes are simultaneously connected to a microbial liquid injector and a culture liquid injector;

[0011] The monitoring system includes a stress monitoring unit and a displacement monitoring unit, the stress monitoring unit includes a first stress sensor group, a second stress sensor group and a stress data collector, the first stress sensor group is arranged within a range of 5-10 cm outside the simulated tunnel, the second stress sensor group is arranged within a range of 5-10 cm outside the slurry diffusion zone, the first stress sensor group and the second stress sensor group are electrically connected to the stress data collector, the displacement monitoring unit includes a first displacement sensor group, a second displacement sensor group and a displacement data collector, the first displacement sensor group is arranged within a range of 10-15 cm outside the simulated tunnel, the second displacement sensor group is arranged within a range of 10-15 cm outside the slurry diffusion zone, the first displacement sensor group and the second displacement sensor group are electrically connected to the displacement data collector.

[0012] Furthermore, the constituent materials of the tunnel roof rock layer and the tunnel floor rock layer are river sand, calcite, gypsum and water.

[0013] Furthermore, the simulated fault is composed of clay and water, or river sand, clay and water.

[0014] Furthermore, the microbial liquid syringe is used to inject the pasteurian spore Sarcina liquid, and the culture liquid syringe is used to inject the mixed liquid of urea, calcium chloride and nutrient broth.

[0015] Furthermore, a movable ultraviolet sterilization lamp is provided at the simulated fault outside the slurry diffusion zone, and the ultraviolet light wavelength generated by the ultraviolet sterilization lamp is 200-300nm.

[0016] A method for using a tunnel fault grouting reinforcement simulation device, the method comprising the following steps:

[0017] Step 1: Obtain the geological conditions of the actual production fault through geophysical exploration and drilling, including the filling composition, filling density, width of the fault and the spatial relationship between the fault and the roadway;

[0018] Step 2: Obtain the number and location of the fault grouting reinforcement drilling holes in actual production through the design instructions of actual production;

[0019] Step 3: Determine the slurry diffusion radius in actual production through drilling detection, and determine the slurry diffusion radius in the model in combination with the geometric proportion and gravity proportion of the model design. Determine the range of all slurry diffusion areas in the model in combination with the number and location of the boreholes designed in step 2;

[0020] Step 4: Determine the ratio of actual to model triaxial compressive strength based on the geometric proportion and weight ratio of the model design;

[0021] Step 5: Determine the triaxial compressive strength of microbial solidification and cement solidification of broken materials in simulated faults through indoor mechanical experimental tests, and then select the ratio of microbial slurry and nutrient solution and the curing time for model grouting reinforcement;

[0022] Step 6: Lay the simulated tunnel through the original physical similarity model of the simulated fault, bury the displacement sensor and the stress sensor, and excavate the simulated tunnel to the grouting reinforcement position. The grouting reinforcement position is obtained according to the geometric ratio conversion;

[0023] Step 7: Perform simulated fault reinforcement treatment on the model. According to the range of the slurry diffusion zone determined in step 3 and the ratio of microbial slurry and nutrient solution determined in step 4, use a microbial bacterial solution syringe and a culture solution syringe to inject the slurry diffusion zone in the simulated fault through the slurry delivery main pipe, the slurry delivery pipe and the simulated grouting hole in sequence. 1-100 minutes after injection, use an ultraviolet germicidal lamp to sterilize outside the non-slurry diffusion zone in the simulated fault;

[0024] Step 8: Based on the experimental results of step 5, when the microbial solidification reaches the simulation requirements, the unexcavated part of the simulated tunnel is gradually excavated. During the excavation, the stress and displacement of the tunnel roof rock layer, tunnel floor rock layer and simulated fault are monitored;

[0025] Step 9: Based on the monitoring results of step 8, evaluate the engineering problems of the tunnel crossing the fault after grouting reinforcement in the actual project;

[0026] Step 10: Based on the engineering problems analyzed in step 9, corresponding measures are taken to ensure that actual production passes through the fault safely and continue to develop mineral resources.

[0027] In order to solve the problem of evaluating the effect of grouting reinforcement of a tunnel passing a simulated fault, the present invention provides a tunnel passing a simulated fault grouting reinforcement simulation device and a use method.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] 1) It can simulate the surrounding rock destruction and movement when the tunnel passes through the simulated fault after the tunnel is reinforced by advance grouting;

[0030] 2) The simulation is more accurate;

[0031] 3) Simple and easy to implement;

[0032] 4) Low cost and repeatable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the description of the specific implementation methods will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0034] Figure 1 : A schematic diagram of the structure of a tunnel fault grouting reinforcement simulation device according to the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 : A schematic diagram of the structure of the laneway system of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 : A schematic diagram of the structure of the tunnel system and the fault reinforcement system of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 : A schematic diagram of the structures of the tunnel system, fault reinforcement system and stress monitoring unit of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 : Schematic diagram of the structures of the tunnel system, fault reinforcement system and displacement monitoring unit described in the present invention.

[0039] The reference numerals are as follows:

[0040] 1-tunnel system, 101-tunnel roof rock layer, 102-simulated tunnel, 103-tunnel bottom rock layer, 104-simulated fault, 2-fault reinforcement system, 201-slurry diffusion area, 202-simulated grouting hole, 203-slurry pipe, 204-slurry main pipe, 205-microbial liquid injector, 206-culture liquid injector, 207-ultraviolet sterilization lamp, 3-monitoring system, 301-first stress sensor group, 302-second stress sensor group, 303-stress data collector, 304-first displacement sensor group, 305-second displacement sensor group, 306-displacement data collector. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] like Figure 1-5 As shown, a tunnel grouting reinforcement simulation device passing through a simulated fault includes a tunnel system 1, a fault reinforcement system 2 and a monitoring system 3;

[0043] The tunnel system 1 includes a tunnel roof rock layer 101, a simulated tunnel 102, and a tunnel floor rock layer 103, which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom, and also includes a simulated fault 104, which is obliquely intersected with the simulated tunnel 102. The left side of the simulated tunnel 102 is the excavated part, and the right side of the simulated tunnel 102 is the unexcavated part.

[0044] The simulated fault 104 reinforcement system 2 includes a slurry diffusion area 201 densely distributed in the simulated fault 104, simulated grouting holes 202 inserted in the slurry diffusion area 201, and a slurry delivery pipe 203 connected to the simulated grouting holes 202. The simulated grouting holes 202 are evenly distributed in the inserted slurry diffusion area 201. At least four simulated grouting holes 202 are arranged in each slurry diffusion area 201. The heads of the slurry delivery pipes 203 are commonly connected to a slurry delivery main pipe 204. The heads of the slurry delivery main pipe 204 are simultaneously connected to a microbial liquid injector 205 and a culture liquid injector 206.

[0045] The monitoring system 3 includes a stress monitoring unit and a displacement monitoring unit. The stress monitoring unit includes a first stress sensor group 301, a second stress sensor group 302 and a stress data collector 303. The first stress sensor group 301 is arranged within a range of 5-10 cm outside the simulated tunnel 102, and the second stress sensor group 302 is arranged within a range of 5-10 cm outside the slurry diffusion zone 201. The first stress sensor group 301 and the second stress sensor group 302 are electrically connected to the stress data collector 303. The displacement monitoring unit includes a first displacement sensor group 304, a second displacement sensor group 305 and a displacement data collector 306. The first displacement sensor group 304 is arranged within a range of 10-15 cm outside the simulated tunnel 102, and the second displacement sensor group 305 is arranged within a range of 10-15 cm outside the slurry diffusion zone 201. The first displacement sensor group 304 and the second displacement sensor group 305 are electrically connected to the displacement data collector 306.

[0046] The constituent materials of the tunnel roof rock layer 101 and the tunnel floor rock layer 103 are river sand, calcite, gypsum and water.

[0047] The simulated fault 104 is composed of clay and water, or river sand, clay and water.

[0048] The microorganism liquid syringe 205 is used to inject the pasteurian sporosarcina liquid, and the culture liquid syringe 206 is used to inject the mixed liquid of urea, calcium chloride and nutrient broth.

[0049] A movable ultraviolet sterilization lamp 207 is provided at the simulated fault 104 outside the slurry diffusion zone 201. The ultraviolet light wavelength generated by the ultraviolet sterilization lamp 207 is 200-300nm.

[0050] Specific application cases

[0051] In a coal mine in Shanxi, the mining is in the transition stage from the second level to the third level. During the extension from the second level to the third level, the transport tunnel has to pass through the F fault. In order to ensure the tunnel passes through the F fault safely, a grouting reinforcement project was designed. In order to evaluate the reliability of the design scheme, the following experiments were carried out using this experimental device. The steps are as follows:

[0052] Step 1: Obtain the geological conditions of the actual production fault through geophysical exploration and drilling, including the filling composition, filling density, width of the fault and the spatial relationship between the fault and the roadway;

[0053] The fault filling material is a mixture of clay, sand and water in a mass ratio of 2:1:1, with a filling density of 1.4g / cm3. The actual width of the fault is 20 meters, and the angle between the fault and the roadway is 72°.

[0054] Step 2: Obtain the number and location of the fault grouting reinforcement drilling holes in actual production through the design instructions of actual production;

[0055] 18 grouting drilling holes are designed, and their locations are concentrated in the intersection area of ​​the fault and the tunnel.

[0056] Step 3: Determine the slurry diffusion radius in actual production through drilling detection, combine the geometric proportion and gravity proportion of the model design, determine the slurry diffusion radius in the model, and combine the number and position of the drill holes designed in step 2 to determine the range of all slurry diffusion areas 201 of the model;

[0057] The geometric scale of the model is 1:100 (i.e. 1 meter of the model represents 100 actual meters), and the density ratio is 1:1 (i.e. the model density is the same as the actual density). After detecting the actual project, the slurry diffusion radius is 9.6 meters, and the corresponding model, the diffusion radius of the slurry diffusion area 201 of each borehole is 9.6 centimeters. Then, combined with the design of step two, the range of all slurry diffusion areas 201 of the model is delineated.

[0058] Step 4: Determine the ratio of actual to model triaxial compressive strength based on the geometric proportion and weight ratio of the model design;

[0059] According to elastic mechanics, the compressive strength ratio can be determined to be 1:100 (i.e. the model strength of 1Mpa represents the actual engineering strength of 100MPa)

[0060] Step 5: Determine the triaxial compressive strength of the microbial solidification and cement solidification of the broken material in the simulated fault 104 through indoor mechanical experimental tests, and then select the ratio of microbial slurry and nutrient solution and the solidification time for the model grouting reinforcement;

[0061] According to the test, the triaxial compressive strength of the actual fault fragments after being bonded with the designed 1:1 cement slurry was 42.5Mpa. By using a 1:1 ratio of microbial slurry and nutrient solution, the bonding strength reached 0.43Mpa after 3 days.

[0062] Step 6: Lay the simulated tunnel 102 through the original physical similarity model of the simulated fault 104, bury the displacement sensor and the stress sensor, and excavate the simulated tunnel 102 to the grouting reinforcement position, and the grouting reinforcement position is obtained according to the geometric ratio conversion;

[0063] In actual engineering, excavation is stopped when the horizontal distance from the fault is 40 meters, and grouting reinforcement is carried out. Therefore, the model stops excavation when the horizontal distance from the fault is 40 centimeters.

[0064] Step 7: Perform reinforcement treatment on the simulated fault 104 of the model. According to the range of the slurry diffusion zone 201 determined in step 3 and the ratio of microbial slurry and nutrient solution determined in step 4, use a microbial bacterial solution injector 205 and a culture solution injector 206 to inject the slurry into the slurry diffusion zone 201 in the simulated fault 104 through the slurry delivery main pipe 204, the slurry delivery pipe 203 and the simulated grouting hole 202 in sequence. 1-100 minutes after injection, use an ultraviolet germicidal lamp 207 to sterilize outside the non-slurry diffusion zone 201 in the simulated fault 104;

[0065] Step 8: Based on the experimental results of step 5, when the microbial solidification reaches the simulation requirements, the unexcavated part of the simulated tunnel 102 is gradually excavated. During the excavation, the stress and displacement of the tunnel roof rock layer 101, the tunnel floor rock layer 103 and the simulated fault 104 are monitored;

[0066] While excavating, the stress and displacement of the tunnel roof rock layer 101, the tunnel floor rock layer 103 and the simulated fault 104 are monitored.

[0067] Step 9: Based on the monitoring results of step 8, evaluate the engineering problems of the tunnel crossing the fault after grouting reinforcement in the actual project;

[0068] After monitoring, it was found that under such engineering geological conditions and grouting measures, in the model, when the simulated tunnel 102 was excavated to a horizontal distance of 8 cm from the simulated fault 104, the maximum stress concentration occurred 5 cm from the top plate of the simulated tunnel 102, and the stress concentration coefficient was 2.3.

[0069] Step 10: Based on the engineering problems analyzed in step 9, corresponding measures are taken to ensure that actual production passes through the fault safely and continue to develop mineral resources.

[0070] In the actual project, when the tunnel was excavated to 10 meters away from the fault, the roof support was strengthened in advance, the tunnel passed the fault safely without any accidents, and the mineral resources were safely mined.

[0071] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help explain the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to only specific implementation methods. Obviously, many modifications and changes can be made according to the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand and use the present invention well. The present invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A tunnel fault grouting reinforcement simulation device, characterized in that: Including tunnel system, fault reinforcement system and monitoring system; The tunnel system includes a tunnel roof rock layer, a simulated tunnel and a tunnel floor rock layer arranged in sequence from top to bottom, and also includes a simulated fault, wherein the simulated fault is obliquely intersected with the simulated tunnel, the left side of the simulated tunnel is the excavated part, and the right side of the simulated tunnel is the unexcavated part; The fault reinforcement system comprises a slurry diffusion area densely distributed in the simulated fault, simulated grouting holes inserted in the slurry diffusion area, and a slurry delivery pipe connected to the simulated grouting holes, wherein the simulated grouting holes are evenly distributed in the inserted slurry diffusion area, and at least four simulated grouting holes are arranged in each of the slurry diffusion areas, and the heads of the slurry delivery pipes are commonly connected to a slurry delivery main pipe, and the heads of the slurry delivery main pipes are simultaneously connected to a microbial liquid injector and a culture liquid injector; The monitoring system includes a stress monitoring unit and a displacement monitoring unit, wherein the stress monitoring unit includes a first stress sensor group, a second stress sensor group and a stress data collector, wherein the first stress sensor group is arranged within a range of 5-10 cm outside the simulated tunnel, and the second stress sensor group is arranged within a range of 5-10 cm outside the slurry diffusion zone, and the first stress sensor group and the second stress sensor group are electrically connected to the stress data collector, and the displacement monitoring unit includes a first displacement sensor group, a second displacement sensor group and a displacement data collector, wherein the first displacement sensor group is arranged within a range of 10-15 cm outside the simulated tunnel, and the second displacement sensor group is arranged within a range of 10-15 cm outside the slurry diffusion zone, and the first displacement sensor group and the second displacement sensor group are electrically connected to the displacement data collector; The constituent materials of the tunnel roof rock layer and the tunnel floor rock layer are river sand, calcite, gypsum and water.

2. A tunnel fault grouting reinforcement simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The simulated fault is made of clay and water, or river sand, clay and water.

3. The tunnel fault grouting reinforcement simulation device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The microbial liquid syringe is used to inject the pasteurian spore Sarcina liquid, and the culture liquid syringe is used to inject the mixed liquid of urea, calcium chloride and nutrient broth.

4. The tunnel fault grouting reinforcement simulation device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A movable ultraviolet sterilization lamp is provided at the simulated fault outside the slurry diffusion zone, and the ultraviolet light wavelength generated by the ultraviolet sterilization lamp is 200-300nm.

5. A method for using a tunnel fault grouting reinforcement simulation device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, the method comprising the following steps: Step 1: Obtain the geological conditions of the actual production fault through geophysical exploration and drilling, including the filling composition, filling density, width of the fault and the spatial relationship between the fault and the roadway; Step 2: Obtain the number and location of the fault grouting reinforcement drilling holes in actual production through the design instructions of actual production; Step 3: Determine the slurry diffusion radius in actual production through drilling detection, and determine the slurry diffusion radius in the model in combination with the geometric proportion and gravity proportion of the model design. Determine the range of all slurry diffusion areas in the model in combination with the number and location of the boreholes designed in step 2; Step 4: Determine the ratio of actual to model triaxial compressive strength based on the geometric proportion and weight ratio of the model design; Step 5: Determine the triaxial compressive strength of microbial solidification and cement solidification of broken materials in simulated faults through indoor mechanical experimental tests, and then select the ratio of microbial slurry and nutrient solution and the curing time for model grouting reinforcement; Step 6: Lay the simulated tunnel through the original physical similarity model of the simulated fault, bury the displacement sensor and the stress sensor, and excavate the simulated tunnel to the grouting reinforcement position. The grouting reinforcement position is obtained according to the geometric ratio conversion; Step 7: Perform simulated fault reinforcement treatment on the model. According to the range of the slurry diffusion zone determined in step 3 and the ratio of microbial slurry and nutrient solution determined in step 4, use a microbial bacterial solution syringe and a culture solution syringe to inject the slurry diffusion zone in the simulated fault through the slurry delivery main pipe, the slurry delivery pipe and the simulated grouting hole in sequence. 1-100 minutes after injection, use an ultraviolet germicidal lamp to sterilize outside the non-slurry diffusion zone in the simulated fault; Step 8: Based on the experimental results of step 5, when the microbial solidification reaches the simulation requirements, the unexcavated part of the simulated tunnel is gradually excavated. During the excavation, the stress and displacement of the tunnel roof rock layer, tunnel floor rock layer and simulated fault are monitored; Step 9: Based on the monitoring results of step 8, evaluate the engineering problems of the tunnel crossing the fault after grouting reinforcement in the actual project; Step 10: Based on the engineering problems analyzed in step 9, corresponding measures are taken to ensure that actual production passes through the fault safely and continue to develop mineral resources.

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