A test system for the rapid response capability of a fuel cell hydrogen supply circulation device

Abstract

A test system for the rapid response capability of a fuel cell hydrogen supply circulation device belongs to the field of hydrogen fuel cell technology. The present invention includes a high-pressure hydrogen bottle, a pressure reducing valve, a first switch valve, a gas storage tank, a first pressure regulating valve, a first three-way valve, a proportional valve, a second three-way valve, a hydrogen discharge valve, and a second switch valve; the pressure reducing valve connects the high-pressure hydrogen bottle and the first switch valve, the first switch valve and the gas storage tank are connected to the hydrogen supply circulation device to be tested, the first pressure regulating valve connects the gas storage tank and the first three-way valve, one end of the first three-way valve is connected to the proportional valve, the other end of the first three-way valve is connected to the second three-way valve, one end of the second three-way valve is connected to the hydrogen discharge valve, and the other end of the second three-way valve is connected to the hydrogen supply circulation device to be tested The hydrogen return device to be tested is connected between the hydrogen supply circulation device to be tested. The present invention can effectively test the rapid response capability of a fuel cell hydrogen supply circulation device, and is helpful for the performance test of the hydrogen supply circulation device and the optimization of the controller purge strategy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen fuel cells, and in particular to a testing system for the rapid response capability of a hydrogen supply circulation device of a fuel cell. Background Art

[0002] In order to improve hydrogen utilization, reduce fuel cell power generation costs, and obtain higher fuel cell stack performance, the anode hydrogen of the fuel cell stack is often closed-end operated. The common hydrogen closed-end technology for fuel cells is the hydrogen circulation mode.

[0003] The hydrogen circulation method can ensure the efficient and stable operation of the fuel cell, and discharge the water generated in the fuel cell to the outside of the battery. That is, after the hydrogen takes out the water generated inside the stack, the liquid water and hydrogen are separated by the gas-water separation device, and then the hydrogen is circulated back to the anode of the stack for reuse. At the same time, the fresh hydrogen entering the stack is humidified to improve the utilization rate of hydrogen. For proton exchange membrane fuel cells in hydrogen circulation mode, it is crucial to ensure that the fuel cell is in a stable and efficient water and gas balance state through the coupled optimization of various operating parameters.

[0004] The hydrogen circulation operation mode can force hydrogen to be evenly distributed inside the battery, thereby increasing the service life of the fuel cell. Similarly, during the hydrogen circulation process, impurities in the fuel hydrogen, N2 in the cathode air, and water produced by the reaction will accumulate at the anode through the proton exchange membrane, causing a decrease in the hydrogen partial pressure after long-term operation, and the generated liquid water will hinder the contact between hydrogen and the catalyst layer, causing the battery stack voltage to drop, and even local H2 starvation will cause electrochemical corrosion of the MEA, leading to an irreversible decrease in the performance of the battery stack. Therefore, it is necessary to intermittently open the hydrogen exhaust solenoid valve to exhaust gas (water) during operation to discharge impurities, N2 and water accumulated at the anode, but this process will also cause a portion of hydrogen to be wasted. Therefore, the hydrogen efficient utilization technology needs to optimize the operating pressure and operating temperature, match the valve flow coefficient with the system operating conditions, and optimize the valve opening purge time, purge interval, purge flow, purge volume, etc., so as to improve the utilization efficiency of hydrogen without losing the performance of the battery stack. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art and to provide a testing system for the rapid response capability of a fuel cell hydrogen supply circulation device, which can effectively test the rapid response capability of a fuel cell hydrogen supply circulation device and help to perform performance testing of the hydrogen supply circulation device and optimize the controller purge strategy.

[0006] The objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A test system for the rapid response capability of a fuel cell hydrogen supply circulation device, comprising a high-pressure hydrogen bottle, a pressure reducing valve, a first switch valve, a gas storage tank, a first pressure regulating valve, a first three-way valve, a proportional valve, a second three-way valve, a hydrogen discharge valve, and a second switch valve; the pressure reducing valve is connected to the high-pressure hydrogen bottle and the first switch valve, a hydrogen supply circulation device to be tested is connected between the first switch valve and the gas storage tank, the first pressure regulating valve is connected to the gas storage tank and the first three-way valve, one end of the first three-way valve is connected to the proportional valve, the other end of the first three-way valve is connected to the second three-way valve, one end of the second three-way valve is connected to the hydrogen discharge valve, and a hydrogen return device to be tested is connected between the other end of the second three-way valve and the hydrogen supply circulation device to be tested.

[0008] The present invention simulates the internal environment of the fuel cell stack and the hydrogen consumption through a gas storage tank, a first pressure regulating valve and a proportional valve for simulating consumption, and simulates the hydrogen pressure fluctuation during the operation of the fuel cell system through a hydrogen exhaust valve, thereby quickly establishing the required test conditions and ensuring the efficiency of the test and the reliability of the test results.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a second pressure regulating valve is provided between the second three-way valve and the hydrogen return device to be tested. The second pressure regulating valve is used to simulate the back pressure from the outlet of the fuel cell stack to the inlet of the hydrogen supply circulation device (mainly the pressure loss of the steam-water separator and the pipe loss of the connecting pipeline), thereby improving the accuracy of the test results.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, one end of the second pressure regulating valve is connected to the second three-way valve, and the other end is connected to the third three-way valve; one end of the third three-way valve is connected to the second switch valve and the ejector hydrogen return device to be tested, and the other end of the third three-way valve is connected to the third switch valve and the hydrogen return pump hydrogen return device to be tested. The structure provides two test channels, and by controlling the opening and closing of the two switch valves, the performance of the ejector hydrogen return device and the hydrogen return pump hydrogen return device can be tested respectively.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a first flow meter, a first pressure gauge and a first thermometer are provided between the first switch valve and the hydrogen supply circulation device to be tested, for detecting the flow rate, pressure and temperature of the working gas.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a second pressure gauge and a second thermometer are provided between the hydrogen supply circulation device to be tested and the gas storage tank, for detecting the gas pressure and temperature at the outlet of the hydrogen supply circulation device to be tested.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a second flow meter, a third pressure meter and a third thermometer are provided between the second switch valve and the ejector hydrogen recovery device to be tested, for detecting the flow rate, pressure and temperature of the gas before entering the ejector hydrogen recovery device to be tested.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a third flow meter, a fourth pressure meter and a fourth thermometer are provided between the third switch valve and the hydrogen recovery device of the hydrogen recovery pump to be tested, for detecting the flow rate, pressure and temperature of the gas before entering the hydrogen recovery device of the hydrogen recovery pump to be tested.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a pressure sensor is further provided between the third switch valve and the hydrogen recovery pump device to be tested, for feeding back gas pressure data to the hydrogen recovery pump device so that the hydrogen recovery pump device can adjust appropriate output power.

[0016] The advantages of the present invention are: the internal environment and hydrogen consumption of the fuel cell stack are simulated by the gas storage tank, the pressure regulating valve and the proportional valve for simulating consumption, the hydrogen pressure fluctuation during the operation of the fuel cell system is simulated by the hydrogen discharge valve, and the performance of the ejector hydrogen return device and the hydrogen return pump hydrogen return device can be tested respectively through two test channels. In addition, the present invention can quickly complete the establishment of the temperature and pressure conditions of the hydrogen return port and the outlet of the hydrogen supply circulation device, is easy to use, has high adjustment accuracy, and quickly establishes experimental conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a testing system for the rapid response capability of a fuel cell hydrogen supply circulation device according to the present invention.

[0018] 1-pressure reducing valve; 2-first switch valve; 3-hydrogen supply circulation device to be tested; 4-gas storage tank; 5-first pressure regulating valve; 6-proportional valve; 7-hydrogen exhaust valve; 8-second pressure regulating valve; 9-second switch valve; 10-third switch valve; 11-first flow meter; 12-first pressure gauge; 13-first thermometer; 14-second pressure gauge; 15-second thermometer; 16-second flow meter; 17-third pressure gauge; 18-third thermometer; 19-third flow meter; 20-fourth pressure gauge; 21-fourth thermometer; 22-pressure sensor; 23-first three-way valve; 24-second three-way valve; 25-third three-way valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0020] like Figure 1As shown, a test system for the rapid response capability of a fuel cell hydrogen supply circulation device is provided, wherein the gas is supplied by a high-pressure hydrogen bottle and connected to a first switch valve 2 through a pressure reducing valve 1; the first switch valve 2 is connected to the gas inlet of a hydrogen supply circulation device 3 to be tested, and a first flow meter 11, a first pressure gauge 12, and a first thermometer 13 are arranged between the two to respectively detect the flow, pressure, and temperature of the working gas; the outlet of the hydrogen supply circulation device 3 to be tested is connected to a gas storage tank 4, and a second pressure gauge 14 and a second thermometer 15 are arranged between the two to respectively test the pressure and temperature of the outlet of the hydrogen supply circulation device 3 to be tested; the outlet of the gas storage tank is connected to a first pressure regulating valve 5, and the pressure regulating valve 5 is connected to the outlet of the hydrogen supply circulation device 3 to be tested. Simulate the back pressure change inside the fuel cell stack; the outlet of the first pressure regulating valve 5 is connected to the first three-way valve 23, and one outlet of the first three-way valve 23 is connected to the proportional valve 6 for simulating consumption, which is used to accurately control the hydrogen consumption; the other outlet of the first three-way valve 23 is connected to the second three-way valve 24; one outlet of the second three-way valve 24 is connected to the hydrogen discharge valve 7, which is used to simulate the hydrogen discharge action and test the rapid response capability and pressure stability of the hydrogen supply circulation device 3; the other outlet of the second three-way valve 24 is connected to the second pressure regulating valve 8, which is used to simulate the back pressure from the outlet of the fuel cell stack to the inlet of the hydrogen supply circulation device 3 (mainly the pressure loss of the steam-water separator and the pipe loss of the connecting pipeline).

[0021] The outlet of the second pressure regulating valve 8 is connected to the third three-way valve 25, one outlet of the third three-way valve 25 is connected to the ejector test channel, including the second switch valve 9, the second flow meter 16, the third pressure gauge 17, and the third thermometer 18. The ejector test channel outlet is connected to the ejector hydrogen recovery device to be tested; the other outlet of the third three-way valve 25 is connected to the hydrogen recovery pump test channel, including the third switch valve 10, the fourth flow meter 19, the fourth pressure gauge 20, the fourth thermometer 21, and a pressure sensor 22 with pressure feedback, which is used to feed back gas pressure data to the hydrogen recovery pump device to be tested, so that the hydrogen recovery pump device can adjust the appropriate output power. The hydrogen recovery pump test channel outlet is connected to the hydrogen recovery pump device to be tested. When one test channel is used, the switch valve of the other channel is closed.

[0022] In summary, the operation method of this test system is as follows: taking the ejector test channel as an example, first open the proportional valve 6 for simulating consumption and control the opening to 50%, then adjust the pressure reducing valve 1 to the front end pressure required by the hydrogen supply circulation device to be tested, and then open the first switch valve 2, operate the hydrogen supply circulation device to be tested 3, and control its output to specify the pressure. Then observe the flow value of the first flow meter 11, and control the flow of the first flow meter 11 to reach the specified flow by controlling the opening of the proportional valve 6; observe the pressure difference between the second pressure gauge 14 and the third pressure gauge 17, and control the pressure difference to reach the specified target value by controlling the second pressure regulating valve 8. At this time, observe the flow value of the second flow meter 16 to obtain the measured value of the hydrogen return flow, and compare it with the mainstream flow measured by the first flow meter 11 to obtain the hydrogen return capacity. Finally, by controlling the hydrogen discharge valve 7 at a certain switching frequency, the ability of the hydrogen supply circulation device 3 to respond quickly can be judged by observing the pressure fluctuation of the second pressure gauge 14.

[0023] The present invention simulates the internal environment and hydrogen consumption of the stack through a gas storage tank, a pressure regulating valve and a proportional valve for simulating consumption, simulates the hydrogen pressure fluctuation during the operation of the fuel cell system through a hydrogen discharge valve, and can test the performance of the ejector hydrogen return device and the hydrogen return pump hydrogen return device respectively through two test channels. In addition, the present invention measures the key parameters such as the main flow rate, hydrogen return flow rate, and stack inlet pressure of the hydrogen pipeline, and then matches the control parameters such as the pressure drop and supply amount of the inlet and outlet hydrogen, and quickly completes the establishment of the temperature and pressure conditions of the hydrogen return port and outlet of the hydrogen supply circulation device. At the same time, it is easy to use, has high adjustment accuracy, is fast in establishing experimental conditions, and has reliable test results.

[0024] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, which is an implementation method based on the overall concept of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A test system for the rapid response capability of a fuel cell hydrogen supply circulation device, characterized in that: It includes a high-pressure hydrogen bottle, a pressure reducing valve, a first switch valve, a gas tank, a first pressure regulating valve, a first three-way valve, a proportional valve, a second three-way valve, a hydrogen discharge valve, and a second switch valve; the pressure reducing valve is connected to the high-pressure hydrogen bottle and the first switch valve, the first switch valve and the gas tank are connected to a hydrogen supply circulation device to be tested, the first pressure regulating valve is connected to the gas tank and the first three-way valve, one end of the first three-way valve is connected to the proportional valve, the other end of the first three-way valve is connected to the second three-way valve, one end of the second three-way valve is connected to the hydrogen discharge valve, and the other end of the second three-way valve is connected to the hydrogen supply circulation device to be tested A hydrogen return device to be tested is connected between the second three-way valve; a second pressure regulating valve is provided between the second three-way valve and the hydrogen return device to be tested; one end of the second pressure regulating valve is connected to the second three-way valve, and the other end is connected to the third three-way valve; one end of the third three-way valve is connected to the second switch valve and the ejector hydrogen return device to be tested, and the other end of the third three-way valve is connected to the third switch valve and the hydrogen return pump hydrogen return device to be tested; a first flow meter, a first pressure gauge and a first thermometer are provided between the first switch valve and the hydrogen supply circulation device to be tested; a second pressure gauge and a second thermometer are provided between the hydrogen supply circulation device to be tested and the gas storage tank.

2. A test system for rapid response capability of a fuel cell hydrogen supply circulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second flow meter, a third pressure gauge and a third thermometer are provided between the second switch valve and the hydrogen return device of the ejector to be tested.

3. A test system for rapid response capability of a fuel cell hydrogen supply circulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A third flow meter, a fourth pressure gauge and a fourth thermometer are provided between the third switch valve and the hydrogen recovery device of the hydrogen recovery pump to be tested.

4. A test system for rapid response capability of a fuel cell hydrogen supply circulation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A pressure sensor is also provided between the third switch valve and the hydrogen recovery device of the hydrogen recovery pump to be tested.

Images