A downhole probe and three-component magnetic measurement system

Abstract

The present invention relates to a downhole probe and a three-component magnetic measurement system, wherein the downhole probe comprises: a housing (11), a three-component sensor module (12) arranged in the housing (11), a data measurement modulation transmission module (13) connected to the three-component sensor module (12), and a power supply module (14) connected to the three-component sensor module (12) and the data measurement modulation transmission module (13); a non-magnetic vacuum insulation pipe for wrapping the three-component sensor module (12) and the data measurement modulation transmission module (13) is arranged in the housing (11). This solution improves the accuracy of deep positioning and inference interpretation of deep ore body (3000-5000m) exploration, and provides strong support for finding deep and hidden mineral resources.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of downhole surveying, and in particular to a downhole probe and a three-component magnetic survey system. Background Art

[0002] The deep well high-precision three-component magnetic measurement system is a set of well magnetic measurement instruments consisting of three major parts: high-precision well three-component probe, 5000m automatic winch and winch controller, and ground data acquisition system. It is the most effective geophysical exploration equipment for finding magnetite deposits. Especially for deep ore bodies buried at a depth of more than 3000-5000m, ground magnetic exploration is no longer feasible. The existing well three-component magnetometers in China cannot meet the requirements of deep exploration of more than 3000-5000m in terms of measurement accuracy and measurement depth. They can only be used in the middle and shallow parts (2000-3000m) and the measurement accuracy is low. How to solve the deep positioning problem of deep mines and hidden ore bodies, and how to solve the problem of "deep attack" of well three-component magnetometer geophysical exploration equipment is very urgent.

[0003] In addition, the existing small-diameter three-component logging instruments can only detect a maximum depth of 3000m, and the measurement accuracy of the vertical component and horizontal component are 80nT and 100nT respectively. As the detection depth increases, its structure and detection accuracy are even more unable to adapt to higher temperatures and pressures, making it unusable in deep well detection. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a downhole probe and a three-component magnetic measurement system to solve the problem of poor detection capability in deep wells.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides a downhole probe, comprising: a housing, a three-component sensor module arranged in the housing, a data measurement modulation transmission module connected to the three-component sensor module, and a power supply module connected to the three-component sensor module and the data measurement modulation transmission module;

[0006] A non-magnetic vacuum insulation tube for wrapping the three-component sensor module and the data measurement modulation transmission module is arranged in the shell.

[0007] According to one aspect of the present invention, the three-component sensor module includes: a three-axis fluxgate magnetometer, a three-axis accelerometer, a control unit for connecting to the three-axis fluxgate magnetometer and the three-axis accelerometer, and a transmission unit for connecting to the control unit;

[0008] The transmission unit, the control unit, the three-axis accelerometer, and the three-axis fluxgate magnetometer are arranged in sequence along the axial direction of the shell.

[0009] According to one aspect of the present invention, the three-component sensor module further comprises: a temperature sensor connected to the control unit;

[0010] The control unit collects the electrical signal of the temperature sensor and uses it to compensate and correct the output signal of the transmission unit.

[0011] According to one aspect of the present invention, the measurement accuracy of the vertical component and the horizontal component of the three-component sensor module is better than 50nT respectively;

[0012] The single component accuracy of the three-axis fluxgate magnetometer in a stationary state is better than 0.1 nT.

[0013] According to one aspect of the present invention, the temperature rise in the non-magnetic vacuum insulation tube within 4 hours is less than or equal to 60°C.

[0014] According to one aspect of the present invention, the housing is a cylindrical body with one end closed and the other end open, and a joint is provided at the open end;

[0015] A plurality of sealing structures are arranged at the position where the opening end of the shell is connected to the joint;

[0016] In the shell, the power supply module, the data measurement modulation transmission module, and the three-component sensor module are arranged in sequence along a direction away from the opening end of the shell.

[0017] According to one aspect of the present invention, the compressive strength of the shell is greater than or equal to 60 MPa.

[0018] According to one aspect of the present invention, the data measurement modulation transmission module is used to receive the output signal of the transmission unit, and convert the output signal into a binary signal and output it.

[0019] According to one aspect of the present invention, the metal conductors and components in the power module are sintered on a ceramic sheet, and a heat-insulating insulating layer is used to cover the metal conductors and components;

[0020] The heat-insulating layer is filled with organic silicon resin.

[0021] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a three-component magnetic measurement system, comprising: a downhole probe, a surface acquisition system for collecting and analyzing output signals of the downhole probe;

[0022] The surface acquisition system comprises: a winch connected to the downhole probe, a surface controller connected to the winch, and a data acquisition and display device for acquiring output signals of the downhole probe;

[0023] The winch is provided with a winch controller for controlling its operation;

[0024] The data acquisition and display device is connected to the downhole probe pipe by a wired link or a wireless link.

[0025] According to a scheme of the present invention, the accuracy of deep positioning and inference interpretation of deep ore body (3000-5000m) exploration is improved, providing strong support for the search for deep and concealed mineral resources.

[0026] According to a solution of the present invention, it not only improves the measurement accuracy, but also greatly increases the measurement depth of small-caliber magnetic three-component. In terms of measurement accuracy, a high-precision three-axis fluxgate sensor is used, and the fluxgate accuracy can reach 0.1nT. The sensor is subjected to temperature compensation, three-axis consistency correction, orthogonality correction and sensitivity testing through experimental and calculation methods to ensure that the overall measurement accuracy of the three-component sensor reaches the vertical component and horizontal component measurement accuracy better than 50nT. In terms of measurement depth, the temperature and pressure indicators of deep wells need to reach a temperature resistance of 150°C and a pressure resistance of 60MPa, meeting the requirements of high pressure and high temperature resistance.

[0027] According to one solution of the present invention, in response to the high temperature requirements at a depth of 3000-5000m, the components used in the sensor are all high temperature resistant products and can work stably in a high temperature environment. At the same time, the temperature drift and calibration factor system of the sensor are corrected by a microprocessor, so that the sensor has good output stability in a full temperature environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a downhole probe according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 is a structural diagram schematically showing a sealing structure of an opening end of a housing according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 is a structural diagram schematically showing a three-component sensor module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 is a diagram schematically showing a connection structure of a data measurement modulation transmission module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 and Figure 6 2FSK signal waveform diagram schematically showing an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 is a structural diagram schematically showing a power module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 is a structural diagram schematically showing a three-component magnetic measurement system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Fig. 9 is a panel diagram schematically showing a winch controller according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Fig.10 FIG. 4 is a panel diagram schematically showing a ground controller according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0038] When describing the embodiments of the present invention, the orientation or positional relationship expressed by the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the relevant drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, the above terms should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0039] The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The embodiments cannot be described one by one here, but the embodiments of the present invention are not therefore limited to the following embodiments.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, a downhole probe of the present invention comprises: a shell 11, a three-component sensor module 12 arranged in the shell 11, a data measurement modulation transmission module 13 connected to the three-component sensor module 12, and a power supply module 14 connected to the three-component sensor module 12 and the data measurement modulation transmission module 13. In this embodiment, a non-magnetic vacuum insulation tube 111 for wrapping the three-component sensor module 12 and the data measurement modulation transmission module 13 is arranged in the shell 11. The downhole probe of the present invention is used to operate at a depth of 3000m to 5000m. The downhole probe provided by the above arrangement can still ensure a stable structural lightness and an internal environment in which the internal components work stably under the influence of factors such as mud and high temperature at the location, which is beneficial to ensuring the stability and service life of the entire downhole probe working at depth.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the shell 11 is a cylindrical body with one end closed and the other end open, and a joint 15 is provided at the open end. In this embodiment, since the downhole probe of the present invention is used to operate at a depth of 3000m to 5000m, the compressive strength of the shell 11 is greater than or equal to 60Mpa. Through the above-mentioned configuration, the compressive strength of the shell of the downhole probe of the present invention is greater than or equal to 60Mpa, which ensures that it can still withstand a large extrusion force in a deep well and maintain structural stability, which is beneficial to effectively protect the integrity and stability of the internal structure, thereby ensuring the working stability and service life of the entire device.

[0042] In this embodiment, the shell 11 is made of a non-magnetic titanium alloy tube with an outer diameter of 60 mm and a wall thickness of 3 mm. The use of titanium alloy tubes as the shell not only has the advantages of being light and resistant to high pressure, but also has a compressive strength that is several times that of ordinary materials and can reach more than 80 MPa. The shell made of titanium alloy tubes is light in weight and high in strength, which is very beneficial for ensuring its recovery in deep well operating environments, especially in the presence of mud and other influencing factors around it.

[0043] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of sealing structures are arranged at the position where the open end of the shell 11 is connected to the joint. In this embodiment, the joint 15 adopts a Maltose joint. Two sealing structures are arranged at the position where the Maltose joint is connected to the open end of the shell 11, which ensures the high-pressure resistance of the entire downhole probe. In this embodiment, in order to ensure the pressure resistance and downhole safety of the downhole probe, an empty pipe high-pressure test well pressure test must be carried out after the downhole probe is processed and assembled and before the measuring electronic circuit is installed. The pressure is maintained for four hours in an environment of 60Mpa to ensure that the entire shell does not deform or leak water under high pressure.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, in the housing 11, the power module 14, the data measurement modulation transmission module 13, and the three-component sensor module 12 are sequentially arranged in a direction away from the open end of the housing 11. Through the above arrangement, the three-component sensor module 12 is closer to the end of the housing 11 and away from the power module 14, which not only effectively ensures that the three-component sensor module 12 can accurately and sensitively measure the external environment, but also effectively avoids the influence of the power module 14 on the measurement accuracy.

[0045] like Figure 3As shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the three-component sensor module 12 includes: a three-axis fluxgate magnetometer 121, a three-axis accelerometer 122, a control unit 123 connected to the three-axis fluxgate magnetometer 121 and the three-axis accelerometer 122, and a transmission unit 124 connected to the control unit 123. In this embodiment, the transmission unit 124 adopts eight-channel AD; in this embodiment, the transmission unit 124, the control unit 123, the three-axis accelerometer 122, and the three-axis fluxgate magnetometer 121 are arranged in sequence along the axial direction of the housing 11.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the measurement accuracy of the vertical component and the horizontal component of the three-component sensor module 12 is better than 50nT respectively. In this embodiment, the single component accuracy of the three-axis fluxgate magnetometer 12 in a static state is better than 0.1nT. In this embodiment, the three-component sensor module 12 is the core of the entire downhole probe. Through the three-axis fluxgate magnetometer 121 sensitive to the change of azimuth angle, the three-axis accelerometer 122 sensitive to the change of attitude angle, the two measurement results are fused, and the high-precision real-time output of ±1° azimuth angle and ±0.1° attitude angle is achieved. Through the above setting, the single component accuracy of the three-axis fluxgate magnetometer 12 is set within the above range, which realizes the high-speed measurement of the downhole probe of the present invention during deep well operation, which plays a key role in improving the measurement accuracy of the present invention.

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the three-component sensor module 12 also includes: a temperature sensor connected to the control unit 123. In this embodiment, the control unit 123 collects the electrical signal of the temperature sensor and is used to compensate and correct the output signal of the transmission unit 124. In this embodiment, the output signal of the three-component sensor module 12 is subjected to temperature real-time compensation and correction by an experimental test method. Specifically, the temperature sensor is directly installed on the circuit board, and the circuit zero drift caused by temperature change is superimposed on the useful signal output, so it is necessary to collect the circuit board zero drift before collecting the signal, and the specific value of the drift is obtained through experiments. The specific method is to put the single circuit board to be debugged (i.e., the circuit board without the temperature sensor) into an adjustable temperature control box, add a standard reference signal, and then detect the output signal of the single circuit board. As the temperature changes continuously, the change of the output signal is obtained, and the output change corresponding to different temperatures is recorded to obtain a temperature drift data table. Furthermore, by installing the temperature sensor and the temperature drift data table, after the instrument collects the signal, the corresponding data in the signal is subtracted from the value in the circuit temperature drift data table, so as to eliminate the influence of temperature.

[0048] According to the present invention, by collecting the circuit zero drift and generating a zero drift data table, after the temperature sensor is installed on the circuit board, the drift value that should be eliminated at the current temperature can be obtained based on the numerical value obtained by the sensor. The acquisition process is more convenient and faster than calculation by formula or interpolation, has the highest compensation accuracy, and can greatly improve the work efficiency of the CPU in the processing process.

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the temperature rise in the non-magnetic vacuum insulation tube within 4 hours is less than or equal to 60°C. In this embodiment, in order to meet the working requirements of the three-component sensor module 12 and the data measurement modulation transmission module 13 at a high temperature of 150° at a well depth of 3000-5000m, a vacuum insulation bottle structure design is adopted. That is, a layer of non-magnetic vacuum insulation tube is added inside the shell 11. When the outside temperature is 150°C, the temperature rise in the thermos bottle is ≤60°C within 4 hours. Calculated at room temperature of 25°C, the temperature in the thermos bottle reaches a maximum of 85°C within 4 hours. In this embodiment, the temperature resistance of the three-component sensor module 12 and the data measurement modulation transmission module 13 in the probe tube is designed to be 125°C, and the power supply module 14 is designed to be 150°C. Therefore, the three-component sensor module 12 and the data measurement modulation transmission module 13 are placed in a non-magnetic vacuum insulation tube, which can meet the high temperature resistance requirements and achieve the high temperature resistance requirements of 3000-5000m well depths.

[0050] like Figure 4 As shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the data measurement modulation transmission module 13 is used to receive the output signal of the transmission unit 124, and convert the output signal into a binary signal and output it. In this embodiment, after the data measurement modulation transmission module 13 receives the signal from the three-component sensor module 12, it simply processes the received signal into a binary format, and then modulates it into a carrier signal of different frequencies and transmits it to the ground data acquisition controller through a 3000-5000m cable, and then the ground data acquisition controller processes and demodulates it into a binary code.

[0051] In this embodiment, the signal data processed by the data measurement modulation transmission module 13 is transmitted using a 2FSK carrier single-core cable to save cable resources. Through 2FSK (Frequency Shift Keying) binary digital frequency modulation (binary frequency shift keying), the frequency of the carrier is used to transmit digital information, that is, the frequency of the carrier is controlled by the transmitted digital information. Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, in the 2FSK signal, the symbol "0" corresponds to the carrier frequency f1, and the symbol "1" corresponds to the modulated waveform of the carrier frequency f2 (another carrier frequency different from f1), and the change between f1 and f2 is instantaneous. When the "0" signal is transmitted, the carrier with a frequency of f1 is sent; when the "1" signal is transmitted, the carrier with a frequency of f2 is sent. At the receiving end, the obtained signal is first band-pass filtered to filter out the noise and interference other than the carrier frequency, so that the signal can pass completely, and then the envelope curve of the positive end is output through the full-wave rectifier, and then the baseband envelope signal is output through the low-pass filter or the rectifier module, and then the baseband binary signal is output through the sampling decision device to complete the demodulation of the carrier signal. By adopting the 2FSK transmission method, it has the characteristics of long transmission distance and strong anti-interference ability, and the transmission rate is 192000bps.

[0052] like Figure 7 As shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the power module 14 is mainly composed of a DC-DC conversion module, and its main function is to complete DC-DC voltage stabilization and power other circuits such as the three-component sensor module 12 and the data measurement modulation transmission module 13 in the downhole probe. The front-end maximum input voltage of the power module 14 reaches 80-140V, and the power input dynamic range is large. The power module 14 outputs +24V, and then the working power supply of the components in the downhole probe is obtained from +24V ±5V, ±12V, and 3.3V. In order to meet the high temperature resistance requirements of 3000-5000m well depth, the power module 14 can work at a high temperature of 150° for 4 hours, and the circuit chips of the power module 14 are all imported high temperature resistant chips. In this embodiment, the circuit of the power module 14 adopts a thick film process, and the metal conductors and components are sintered on the ceramic sheet at high temperature, and silicone resin is used to fill the heat insulation to form a heat insulation layer, thereby achieving a stable output of the circuit under high temperature and strong vibration environment.

[0053] like Figure 7 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, a three-component magnetic measurement system of the present invention includes: a downhole probe 1, and a ground acquisition system 2 for collecting and analyzing the output signal of the downhole probe 1. In this embodiment, the ground acquisition system 2 includes: a winch for connecting to the downhole probe 1, a ground controller for connecting to the winch, and a data acquisition and display device for collecting the output signal of the downhole probe 1. In this embodiment, the data acquisition and display device is connected to the downhole probe 1 by a wired link or a wireless link.

[0054] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the winch includes: a drum for winding a cable, a driving device for driving the drum to rotate, a reducer installed between the drum and the driving device, a cable arrangement device arranged adjacent to the drum, a winch controller, and a brake device. In this embodiment, the driving device uses an AC variable frequency motor as a power source.

[0055] In this embodiment, the reducer is used to reduce the output speed of the driving device, and at the same time, it can increase the torque of the rotating shaft and improve the lifting force of the reel. In this embodiment, the reducer adopts a planetary gear reducer with a small tooth difference, which is composed of an output shaft, a planetary gear, an internal gear, a cylindrical pin shaft, a pin shaft sleeve and an eccentric sleeve. In this embodiment, in order to ensure the balance performance and uniform force of the planetary gear and reduce friction. Two planetary gears are used at 180° to each other, and several cylindrical pin holes are evenly made along the circumference of the two planetary gears. At the same time, several cylindrical pins are also evenly made on the disc of the output shaft, and these cylindrical pins are correspondingly inserted into the pin holes on the planetary gear. A movable pin shaft sleeve is installed on the cylindrical pin to reduce friction and wear. The reducer has the advantages of simple and compact structure, small size, large speed ratio and low processing cost.

[0056] In this embodiment, the cable arrangement device can automatically and neatly wind the cable around the drum, and it includes a rifling rod, a cable arrangement wheel, a guide key, a transmission gear (sprocket), a drum and an encoder. A sprocket is installed on each of the drum and the rifling rod, and they are connected by a chain. The cable arrangement wheel can move left and right on the rifling rod through the guide key. When the cable is wound around the drum, the cable arrangement wheel will move the distance of the cable diameter on the rifling rod for each turn. When the cable is wound around the edge of the drum, the cable automatically goes around to the other side of the drum through the automatic reversing action of the rifling rod and the guide key. The depth encoder is installed on the cable arrangement wheel, so that the depth of the cable can be detected (by calculating the number of pulses of the encoder), and then the speed of the cable going down the well can be calculated.

[0057] In this embodiment, the winch controller is used to control the winch rotation direction, parking and running speed, and also displays the depth, speed, current, voltage, inverter frequency, tension, see Fig. 9 .

[0058] In this embodiment, the brake device is at least one of an electric self-locking brake, a mechanical self-locking brake, and a manual brake.

[0059] like Fig.10 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the main functions of the ground controller include providing working power for the downhole probe, setting control parameters (commands), receiving measurement data uploaded by the downhole probe, and real-time display, storage, depth counting of data, and packaging of current data and current depth, etc. At the same time, it meets the 3000-5000m logging requirements, has the characteristics of being small, light, easy to carry and easy to operate; positive and negative correction function of well depth; code disk suitable for different pulse numbers; independent self-test signal generating unit; USB type communication interface, etc. In this embodiment, the control panel of the ground controller (see Fig.10) The functions of various interfaces, switches and buttons designed include AC220V power connection port, winch depth signal access port, downhole signal line connection port, data acquisition and display device (industrial computer) communication port, and keyboard, display, USB and other input and output devices.

[0060] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the ground controller hardware design principle has the following characteristics:

[0061] A. The system uses a large number of integrated circuit interface chips and an independent design concept for functional modules, which improves the reliability of field instruments;

[0062] B. Considering the working environment and conditions of the field instrument, the instrument working panel is planned to adopt a waterproof, dustproof, moisture-proof film panel and an ABS chassis with good sealing performance;

[0063] C. Design a wider voltage input range (220V±20%) to make the instrument more adaptable;

[0064] D. Use software to automatically compensate and correct depth errors, improving the reliability of system hardware.

[0065] The above contents are merely examples of specific solutions of the present invention. For devices and structures not described in detail therein, it should be understood that they can be implemented by adopting general devices and general methods available in the art.

[0066] The above is only one solution of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A downhole probe, characterized in that: include: A housing (11), a three-component sensor module (12) arranged in the housing (11), a data measurement modulation transmission module (13) connected to the three-component sensor module (12), and a power supply module (14) connected to the three-component sensor module (12) and the data measurement modulation transmission module (13); A non-magnetic vacuum insulation tube for wrapping the three-component sensor module (12) and the data measurement modulation transmission module (13) is arranged in the housing (11); The three-component sensor module (12) comprises: a three-axis fluxgate magnetometer (121), a three-axis accelerometer (122), a control unit (123) connected to the three-axis fluxgate magnetometer (121) and the three-axis accelerometer (122), and a transmission unit (124) connected to the control unit (123); The transmission unit (124), the control unit (123), the three-axis accelerometer (122), and the three-axis fluxgate magnetometer (121) are arranged in sequence along the axial direction of the housing (11); The three-component sensor module (12) further comprises: a temperature sensor connected to the control unit (123); The control unit (123) collects the electrical signal of the temperature sensor and uses it to compensate and correct the output signal of the transmission unit (124); The measurement accuracy of the vertical component and the horizontal component of the three-component sensor module (12) is better than 50 nT respectively; The single component accuracy of the three-axis fluxgate magnetometer (121) in a stationary state is better than 0.1 nT; The metal conductors and components in the power module (14) are sintered on a ceramic sheet, and a heat-insulating layer is used to cover the metal conductors and components; The heat-insulating layer is filled with silicone resin; The compressive strength of the shell (11) is greater than or equal to 60 MPa.

2. The downhole probe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature rise in the non-magnetic vacuum insulation tube is less than or equal to 60° C. within 4 hours.

3. The downhole probe according to claim 2, characterized in that: The shell (11) is a cylindrical body with one end closed and the other end open, and a joint is provided at the open end; A plurality of sealing structures are arranged at a position where the opening end of the shell (11) is connected to the joint; In the housing (11), the power module (14), the data measurement modulation transmission module (13), and the three-component sensor module (12) are arranged in sequence along a direction away from an open end of the housing (11).

4. The downhole probe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data measurement modulation transmission module (13) is used to receive the output signal of the transmission unit (124), and convert the output signal into a binary signal and output it.

5. A three-component magnetic measurement system using a downhole probe according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: include: A downhole probe (1), and a surface acquisition system (2) for acquiring and analyzing output signals of the downhole probe (1); The surface acquisition system (2) comprises: a winch connected to the downhole probe (1), a surface controller connected to the winch, and a data acquisition and display device for acquiring output signals of the downhole probe (1); The winch is provided with a winch controller for controlling its operation; The data acquisition and display device is connected to the downhole probe (1) by a wired link or a wireless link.

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