A hydraulic tailstock structure for machine tools

Abstract

The present invention discloses a hydraulic tailstock structure for a machine tool, comprising a tailstock body, a fixed seat, an oil cylinder, a sliding guide rail, a sensing component and a transmission component, wherein a sliding guide rail is arranged below the tailstock body, and the sliding guide rail comprises two groups of guide rail groups symmetrically designed along the central axis of the tailstock body, and both the sensing component and the transmission component are mounted on the tailstock component; the oil cylinder comprises a cylinder barrel and a piston rod, one end of the cylinder barrel is connected to the fixed seat, and the end of the piston rod away from the cylinder barrel is connected to the transmission component; the sensing component comprises a movably connected sensing slide and a sensor component; the sliding directions of the sliding guide rail are respectively parallel to the central axis of the oil cylinder and the sensing slide. The present invention designs a hydraulic tailstock tightening structure for a machine tool tailstock, which can realize the switching between fast and slow speeds of the hydraulic tailstock through a hydraulic valve group and electrical control, and can realize the buffering effect of the tailstock just contacting the parts through a mechanical structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical processing equipment, and in particular relates to a hydraulic tailstock structure of a machine tool. Background Art

[0002] The tailstock is mainly used to cooperate with the spindle box to support the workpiece or tool. Another function is to install various drilling tools or boring tools to drill holes or center holes in the workpiece. It is a component of metal cutting machine tools. At present, the tailstock used on most lathes is still an ordinary tailstock that is clamped and loosened manually.

[0003] During the ordinary tailstock processing, the tailstock needs to be tightened after the workpiece to be processed is positioned and clamped. The current CNC lathe tailstock usually adopts three forms: manual tailstock (when in use, workers need to manually adjust the tailstock position, lock the bolts, and then use the hydraulic cylinder to push out the tailstock spindle), semi-automatic tailstock (use pneumatic cylinder, manual or other small mechanisms to hook the tailstock with the cross pallet, let the tailstock move with the cross pallet, and disengage after reaching the position. The tailstock needs to be locked and the hydraulic cylinder pushes out the tailstock spindle), and servo tailstock (driven by servo motor). The manual tailstock is troublesome and laborious to use; the semi-automatic tailstock requires a hook mechanism, a tailstock locking mechanism and other structures that are slightly complex and will affect the processing rhythm; the servo tailstock has a high cost, and the electrical aspect adds axis control, servo motors, etc., and the mechanical aspect adds screws, bearings and other parts. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art and to provide a hydraulic tailstock structure for a machine tool which can achieve a buffering effect when the tailstock just contacts a part through a mechanical structure.

[0005] In order to solve the technical problem, the technical solution of the present invention is: a hydraulic tailstock structure of a machine tool, comprising a tailstock body, a fixed seat, an oil cylinder, a sliding guide rail, a sensing component and a transmission component, wherein a sliding guide rail is arranged below the tailstock body, and the sliding guide rail comprises two groups of guide rail groups symmetrically designed along the central axis of the tailstock body, and the sensing component and the transmission component are both mounted on the tailstock component;

[0006] The oil cylinder comprises a cylinder barrel and a piston rod, one end of the cylinder barrel is connected to a fixed seat, and the end of the piston rod away from the cylinder barrel is connected to a transmission assembly;

[0007] The sensing assembly comprises a sensing slide and a sensor component which can be movably connected;

[0008] The sliding directions of the sliding guide rails are parallel to the central axes of the oil cylinder and the sensing slide groove respectively.

[0009] Preferably, the transmission assembly includes a fixing ring, a buffer block, a spring support, a spring, a spring baffle and a locking nut which are sequentially mounted on the piston rod, the spring support is mounted on the tailstock body and the spring is located in the spring support, and the spring baffle is limited by the spring support.

[0010] Preferably, the sensor component includes a first sensor, a second sensor, a sensor bracket and a slider. The sensor bracket is installed on the machine tool, the first sensor and the second sensor are installed on the sensor bracket, and a slider is provided under the sensor bracket, and the slider is slidably connected to the sensing slide groove.

[0011] Preferably, the sensor bracket is an L-shaped bracket.

[0012] Preferably, the sensor bracket is equal to the sensing slide slot in length.

[0013] Preferably, the oil cylinder and the sensor component are connected to a hydraulic control circuit.

[0014] Preferably, the hydraulic control circuit is composed of a superimposed pressure reducing valve, a solenoid reversing valve and two superimposed solenoid throttle valves connected by connecting pipelines.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0016] (1) The present invention is provided with a sensor component, and the moving distance of the sensing slide, i.e., the moving distance of the tailstock body, can be controlled by adjusting the position of the sensor, thereby realizing automatic control of the tailstock operation and reducing manpower consumption;

[0017] (2) The present invention uses the transmission part to relieve the impact force caused by the moving speed when processing parts, thereby extending the service life of the tailstock;

[0018] (3) The present invention is controlled by a control loop, and the initial speed is controlled by a superimposed throttle valve for fast movement. When the first sensor receives a signal, the superimposed electromagnetic throttle valve intervenes to reduce the speed of the initial fast movement, thereby achieving the purpose of switching the hydraulic tailstock between fast and slow speeds during movement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 , a schematic structural diagram of a hydraulic tailstock structure of a machine tool according to the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 , a cross-sectional view of a hydraulic tailstock structure of a machine tool according to the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 , a circuit schematic diagram of the control loop of the present invention;

[0022] Description of reference numerals:

[0023] 1. Tailstock body, 2. Fixed seat;

[0024] 3. Oil cylinder, 3-1. Cylinder barrel, 3-2. Piston rod;

[0025] 4. Sliding guide rail;

[0026] 5. Sensing assembly, 5-1. Sensing chute, 5-2. Sensor component, 5-2-1. First sensor, 5-2-2. Second sensor, 5-2-3. Sensor bracket;

[0027] 6. Transmission assembly, 6-1. Fixing ring, 6-2. Buffer block, 6-3. Spring support, 6-4. Spring, 6-5. Spring baffle, 6-6. Locking nut;

[0028] 7. Superimposed electromagnetic pressure reducing valve, 8. Electromagnetic reversing valve, 9. Superimposed electromagnetic throttle valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The specific implementation mode of the present invention is described below in conjunction with embodiments:

[0030] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification so that people familiar with this technology can understand and read them, and are not used to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented. Any structural modification, change in proportional relationship or adjustment of size should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in the present invention without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by the present invention.

[0031] At the same time, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" cited in this specification are only for the convenience of description and are not used to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships should be regarded as the scope of implementation of the present invention without substantially changing the technical content.

[0032] like Figure 1-2 As shown, a hydraulic tailstock structure of a machine tool includes a tailstock body 1, a fixed base 2, a cylinder 3, a sliding guide rail 4, a sensing component 5 and a transmission component 6. The sliding guide rail 4 is provided below the tailstock body 1. The sliding guide rail 4 includes two groups of guide rail groups symmetrically designed along the central axis of the tailstock body 1. The sensing component 5 and the transmission component 6 are both installed on the tailstock component 1.

[0033] The oil cylinder 3 includes a cylinder barrel 3-1 and a piston rod 3-2. One end of the cylinder barrel 3-1 is connected to the fixed seat 2, and the end of the piston rod 3-2 away from the cylinder barrel 3-1 is connected to the transmission assembly 6. The sensing assembly 5 includes a movably connected sensing slide 5-1 and a sensor component 5-2. The sensor component 5-2 is fixedly installed on the machine tool, and the sensing slide 5-1 can move relative to the sensor component 5-2. The oil cylinder 3 drives the tailstock body 1 and the sensing slide 5-1 to move forward and backward.

[0034] The sliding direction of the sliding guide rail 3 is parallel to the central axis of the oil cylinder 3 and the sensing slide groove 5-1. The moving direction of the piston rod 3-2 on the oil cylinder 3 is consistent with the sliding direction of the sliding guide rail 3 and the moving direction of the sensing slide groove 5-1.

[0035] Specifically, the transmission assembly 6 includes a fixing ring 6-1, a buffer block 6-2, a spring support 6-3, a spring 6-4, a spring baffle 6-5 and a locking nut 6-6 which are sequentially mounted on the piston rod 3-2. The spring support 6-3 is mounted on the tailstock body 1 and the spring 6-4 is located in the spring support 6-3. The spring baffle 6-5 is limited by the spring support 6-3. The spring support 6-3 is fixedly connected to the tailstock body 1. When the spring 6-4 is located at the initial position, the spring baffle 6-5 is at a certain distance from the end of the spring support 6-3. When machining parts, the tailstock body 1 has a high moving speed and brings impact force. The transmission component removes the impact force through the spring baffle 6-5 and the locking nut 6-6.

[0036] Specifically, the sensor component 5-2 includes a first sensor 5-2-1, a second sensor 5-2-2, a sensor bracket 5-2-3 and a slider. The sensor bracket 5-2-3 is installed on the machine tool. The first sensor 5-2-1 and the second sensor 5-2-2 are installed on the sensor bracket 5-2-3. The positions can be adjusted according to actual conditions. A slider is provided under the sensor bracket 5-2-3, and the slider is slidably connected to the sensing slide 5-1.

[0037] Specifically, the sensor bracket 5-2-3 is an L-shaped bracket.

[0038] Specifically, the sensor bracket 5-2-3 is equal to the length of the sensing chute 5-1. The sensing chute 5-1 can move along the sensor bracket 5-2-3 and can reciprocate between the first sensor 5-2-1 and the second sensor 5-2-2. By adjusting the positions of the first sensor 5-2-1 and the second sensor 5-2-2, the moving distance of the sensing chute 5-1, that is, the moving distance of the tailstock body 1, can be controlled.

[0039] Specifically, the cylinder 3 and the sensor member 5 - 2 are connected to the hydraulic control circuit.

[0040] Specifically, the hydraulic control circuit is composed of a superimposed electromagnetic pressure reducing valve 7, an electromagnetic reversing valve 8 and two superimposed electromagnetic throttle valves 9 connected by connecting pipelines. The initial speed is controlled by the superimposed electromagnetic throttle valve 9 for fast movement. When the first sensor 5-2-1 receives a signal, the superimposed electromagnetic throttle valve 9 intervenes to reduce the speed of the initial fast movement, thereby achieving the purpose of fast and slow speed switching of the hydraulic tailstock during the movement process.

[0041] In summary, the present invention provides an automatic tailstock hydraulic tailstock tightening structure which can realize the switching between fast and slow speeds of the hydraulic tailstock through a hydraulic valve group and electrical control, and can realize the buffering effect of the hydraulic tailstock just contacting the parts through a mechanical structure.

[0042] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge scope of ordinary technicians in this field without departing from the purpose of the present invention.

[0043] Many other changes and modifications may be made without departing from the concept and scope of the present invention.It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A hydraulic tailstock structure for a machine tool, characterized in that: It includes a tailstock body, a fixed seat, a cylinder, a sliding guide rail, a sensing component and a transmission component. The sliding guide rail is provided under the tailstock body. The sliding guide rail includes two groups of guide rail groups symmetrically designed along the central axis of the tailstock body. The sensing component and the transmission component are both installed on the tailstock component. The oil cylinder comprises a cylinder barrel and a piston rod, one end of the cylinder barrel is connected to a fixed seat, and the end of the piston rod away from the cylinder barrel is connected to a transmission assembly; The sensing assembly includes a sensing chute and a sensor component that can be movably connected; The sensor component includes a first sensor, a second sensor, a sensor bracket and a slider, the sensor bracket is installed on the machine tool, the first sensor and the second sensor are installed above the sensor bracket, and a slider is provided below the sensor bracket, and the slider is slidably connected to the sensing slide groove; The sliding directions of the sliding guide rails are parallel to the central axes of the oil cylinder and the induction slideway respectively; The transmission assembly includes a fixing ring, a buffer block, a spring support, a spring, a spring baffle and a locking nut which are sequentially sleeved on the piston rod, the spring support is mounted on the tailstock body and the spring is located in the spring support, and the spring baffle is limited by the spring support; The oil cylinder and the sensor component are connected to the hydraulic control circuit; The hydraulic control circuit is composed of a superimposed pressure reducing valve, an electromagnetic reversing valve and two superimposed electromagnetic throttle valves connected by connecting pipelines. The initial speed is controlled by the superimposed electromagnetic throttle valve for rapid movement. When the first sensor receives a signal, the superimposed electromagnetic throttle valve intervenes to reduce the speed of the initial fast movement.

2. The hydraulic tailstock structure of a machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensor bracket is an L-shaped bracket.

3. The hydraulic tailstock structure of a machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensor bracket is equal to the sensing slide slot in length.

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