An algal bloom inhibition device

Abstract

The present invention relates to an algal bloom inhibition device, belonging to the technical field of water ecological restoration. The algal bloom inhibition device of the present invention includes a light-shielding part that interferes with the transmittance of light of a specific wavelength, an air-separating part that reduces the gas exchange rate, a semi-permeable part that allows inorganic or organic molecules of a certain size to pass through, a turbulence part that promotes gas-liquid mixing, an open space, and an exchange interface that allows gas and liquid to enter and exit. The open space is formed by surrounding the light-shielding part, the air-separating part, and the semi-permeable part. The algal bloom inhibition device of the present invention can intervene in the transmittance of light with a specific range of wavelengths on the water surface, and at the same time reduce the gas exchange rate on the water surface layer, guiding the light energy and carbon dioxide that originally flowed to harmful algal blooms to beneficial algae inside the device, thereby inhibiting the growth of algal blooms. The present invention can achieve the ecological niche replacement of algal blooms, greatly advance the starting time of algal bloom control, and at the same time greatly reduce the cost and ecological risk of algal bloom treatment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of water ecological restoration and relates to an algal bloom inhibition device. Background Art

[0002] The rapid development of human society is accelerating the eutrophication of water bodies adjacent to human society. Driven by the intensification of water body eutrophication and climate warming, algal bloom events have occurred frequently worldwide in recent years, and the economic losses caused by algal bloom disasters have been increasing. An algal bloom refers to a phenomenon in which photosynthetic autotrophic microorganisms such as cyanobacteria multiply excessively, causing ecological imbalance. Its harms are manifested in multiple aspects: First, some types of algal blooms release algal toxins, threatening the safety of drinking water sources; second, once algal toxins are produced, they will accumulate in the food chain, posing potential food safety hazards; third, some algal blooms produce a strong fishy smell during the growth process, and malodorous and toxic gases such as hydrogen sulfide are produced when the algal blooms decay, seriously threatening the health and normal life of nearby residents and seriously damaging the urban image; fourth, algal blooms consume a large amount of dissolved oxygen in the water at night, causing other aquatic organisms to die of hypoxia and triggering regional ecological crises.

[0003] Once an algal bloom that occupies a dominant ecological position occurs in a large water body, its huge volume is difficult to reverse. For example, the Taihu Lake has a water area of 2,338 square kilometers and a water storage capacity of 4.4 billion cubic meters. Some recent technical attempts, such as Chinese Patent CN105200969B, collect floating cyanobacteria on the water surface, detect the cyanobacteria concentration and use a vortex well for collection. Although it can increase the collection efficiency of cyanobacterial biomass to a certain extent, it is not enough to reverse the dominant position of algal blooms among primary producers in the water body from an ecological level. Since there is a negative feedback regulation mechanism within the population when the algal bloom reaches a high concentration, this method will weaken the negative feedback mechanism of the algal bloom and prolong the harm time of the algal bloom. At the same time, this method cannot distinguish specific algal bloom species and intervenes in the target water body without discrimination, posing certain ecological risks.

[0004] Some technical methods can inhibit the activity of cyanobacteria in a short time, but cannot solve the problem of algal bloom recurrence in a long time period. For example, Chinese Patent Publication CN104310526B quickly inhibits the activity of cyanobacteria through red laser light, thereby controlling the outbreak of algal blooms. Taking the Taihu Lake area as an example, the growth period of cyanobacteria lasts from April to October every year, and the growth doubling time of most cyanobacteria in the logarithmic growth phase only takes a few to more than a dozen hours. The method of controlling algal bloom disasters by short-term inhibition of activity can only delay the outbreak of algal blooms by a few days or even shorter, and due to the too high operating cost, it is not applicable to the prevention and control of algal bloom disasters in large water bodies.

[0005] Some other technical methods can achieve the inhibition of algal blooms for several weeks to several months by means such as phosphorus locking, but this will greatly increase the risk of algal blooms and the difficulty of treatment in the same water body in the following year. For example, in Chinese Patent Publication No. CN109179857A, the degree of eutrophication of the water body is reduced by means of phosphorus locking in the sediment, and at the same time, biological means are used to reconstruct the ecological balance of the water body. The locking effect of the phosphorus-locking reagent on soluble phosphate decreases with time and can usually be maintained for several weeks to several months. After the phosphorus-locking reagent is put in, the phosphorus element load in the water body can be reduced in the short term. After the reagent is exhausted, exogenous phosphorus elements will flow in rapidly, and at the same time, the release of chelated endogenous phosphate will increase with time. In the long run, the degree of eutrophication of the water body will continue to deteriorate. For these reasons, phosphorus-locking agents have currently been phased out in key areas for algal bloom treatment such as Lake Taihu, but in areas with less pressure from the inflow of exogenous phosphorus elements, phosphorus-locking agents are still being used.

[0006] The existing algal bloom treatment technologies mainly have three development directions: physical methods, chemical methods, and biological methods. Although there are many existing technical solutions, the fact is that there is no effective measure to deal with algal bloom disasters worldwide. This is mainly due to reasons such as cost, secondary pollution, and ecological risks. Physical methods have high energy consumption and high costs and are suitable for the control of algal blooms in small water bodies. However, for algal bloom disasters in large water bodies, such as Lake Taihu in China and Lake Erie at the border of the United States and Canada, due to cost and other reasons, physical methods cannot be carried out on a large scale. Chemical methods, such as using copper ions to kill algae and using quicklime to change the pH of the water body, all have the risk of secondary pollution and are too costly, and are also not suitable for the treatment of algal blooms in large water bodies. Biological methods, such as putting ecological floating islands composed of aquatic plants and putting filter-feeding fish. Although putting predators can consume a small part of cyanobacteria, it will also threaten other small plankton that prey on cyanobacteria, thereby destroying the stability of the ecosystem. Furthermore, biological methods are likely to cause the accumulation and transmission of algal toxins in the food chain, posing a potential hazard to food safety. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an algal bloom inhibition device in view of the deficiencies of the above-mentioned existing technologies. Different from traditional algal bloom treatment technologies, the present invention is based on the biological characteristics of algal blooms, uses physical means to specifically intervene by inhibiting light energy utilization and carbon dioxide absorption and then inhibiting the photosynthesis of harmful algal blooms, and belongs to a comprehensive treatment technology that combines physical methods and biological methods. The algal bloom inhibition device of the present invention is applicable to the control of algal bloom disasters in large water bodies, can solve the technical problems such as high cost, low efficiency, high ecological risk, and low nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency existing in current algal bloom treatment technologies, effectively reduce the area and intensity of harmful algal blooms occurring in eutrophic water bodies, and enhance the ecological stability and self-repair ability of the water body itself.

[0008] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: An algal bloom inhibition device, comprising a light-shielding part that interferes with the transmittance of specific wavelength light, an air-separating part that reduces the gas exchange rate, a semi-permeable part that allows inorganic or organic molecules of a certain size to pass through, a turbulence part that promotes gas-liquid mixing, an open space, and an exchange interface that allows gas and liquid to enter and exit. The open space is formed by surrounding the light-shielding part, the air-separating part, and the semi-permeable part.

[0009] The light-shielding part, the air-separating part, the semi-permeable part, and the turbulence part are respectively components with independent functions or a single component integrating two or more functions together.

[0010] The open space contains a colorless or colored liquid, and the liquid is a solvent carrying chemicals or microorganisms that have an inhibitory effect on harmful algal blooms.

[0011] The light-shielding part is arranged at the bottom or / and top of the device, and uses an optical coating or relies on the optical properties of the material itself to affect the transmission of light in the wavelength ranges of 440 - 480 nm and 640 - 730 nm. The influencing effect includes only allowing the transmission of light within the above wavelength ranges while blocking the transmission of other visible light, or only blocking the transmission of light within the above wavelength ranges while allowing the transmission of other visible light.

[0012] The air-separating part is located at the bottom of the device or in the intervals on both sides directly contacting the water body, and uses a hydrophobic coating or only relies on the physical and chemical properties of the material itself to reduce the exchange of microbubbles, oxygen, or carbon dioxide on both sides of the air-separating part in a liquid environment.

[0013] The semi-permeable part is arranged in the intervals at the bottom of the device or on the side contacting the algal bloom growth water area. The material of the semi-permeable part is natural fiber or synthetic polymer, which can delay or completely block the entry of particles with a diameter of more than 0.2 microns into the device interior, and allows biopolymers with a molecular mass below 300 kDa to enter the device interior, but does not restrict the outward diffusion of the liquid or microorganisms inside the device.

[0014] The open space is used to cultivate microorganisms that have an inhibitory effect on algal blooms or can degrade algal toxins. The liquid formed by the microorganisms and their culture solution in the open space has obvious absorption peaks for incident light at 440 - 480 nm and 640 - 730 nm.

[0015] The open space is used to hold a liquid reagent that has an inhibitory effect on algal blooms, and a dye is added to the reagent to obtain light absorption peaks at 440 - 480 nm and 640 - 730 nm.

[0016] The spoiler is located at the bottom or top of the device and faces inward. It is directly connected to the light-shielding part or the air-blocking part, and is used to promote the mixing of the contents in the device. At the same time, the spoiler is embedded with an air duct and provided with an air duct release port.

[0017] The exchange interface is a single pipe or a composite pipe, which is used for the inflow and outflow of liquids and gases, and at the same time provides physical support so that the algal bloom inhibition device is fixed within a specific spatial range on the water surface.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0019] (1) The algal bloom inhibition device of the present invention can reduce the photosynthesis intensity of photosynthetic microorganisms such as cyanobacteria in water, intervene before the occurrence of algal blooms, which is different from traditional algal inhibition technologies that can only intervene after the occurrence of algal blooms, and greatly advances the window period for the control of algal bloom disasters.

[0020] (2) The present invention achieves a competitive advantage by fostering harmless or low-harm algal species inside the algal bloom inhibition device, realizes the high-concentration growth of algae inside the device, and inhibits the algal bloom outside the device by releasing secondary metabolites and using allelopathy.

[0021] (3) The present invention realizes the efficient degradation of dissolved algal toxins in water by fostering the growth of heterotrophic microorganisms that can degrade algal toxins inside the algal bloom inhibition device.

[0022] (4) The present invention realizes the high-efficiency enrichment and recycling of nitrogen and phosphorus elements in water through the growth of autotrophic or heterotrophic microorganisms inside the device and the recycling of the above microorganisms.

[0023] (5) Except for the laying, maintenance, and recycling processes of the device, the entire treatment process requires extremely low energy consumption, and at the same time, the carbon emission is negative. Description of the Drawings

[0024] Figure 1 is a perspective view of the structure of the algal bloom inhibition device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 is a side perspective view of the structure of the algal bloom inhibition device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 is a bottom view of the structure of the algal bloom inhibition device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 is a partial perspective view of the spoiler in the algal bloom inhibition device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 5 is a bottom view of the disassembled structure of the spoiler in the algal bloom inhibition device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 6 It is the schematic diagram of the principle of inhibiting algal blooms in the large eutrophic water body by the algal bloom inhibiting device of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 7 It is the schematic diagram of the parallel connection of the algal bloom inhibiting device of Embodiment 1 of the present invention for preventing the occurrence of algal blooms.

[0031] Figure 8 It is the schematic diagram of the parallel connection of the algal bloom inhibiting device of Embodiment 1 of the present invention for inhibiting the spread of algal blooms.

[0032] Figure 9 It is the schematic structural diagram of the algal bloom inhibiting device of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 10 It is the perspective view of the structure of the algal bloom inhibiting device of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 11 It is the side perspective view of the structure of the algal bloom inhibiting device of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 12 It is the bottom view of the upper half structure of the algal bloom inhibiting device of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0036] In the figure: 1 - light-shielding part; 2 - air-separating part; 3 - semi-permeable part; 4 - flow-disturbing part; 5 - open space; 6 - exchange interface; 7 - air duct; 8 - air duct release port; 9 - algal liquid and gas delivery pipeline; 10 - onshore storage tank; 11 - top light-shielding part; 12 - bottom light-shielding part. Detailed implementation manners

[0037] The working principle of the present invention is:

[0038] 1. In eutrophic water bodies, the main limiting factors for the growth of photosynthetic microorganisms such as cyanobacteria are not nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus, but light energy and carbon dioxide, which are the basic raw materials for photosynthesis. On the one hand, the effective light energy known to drive oxygenic photosynthesis is mainly absorbed by chlorophyll a, b, d, and f, and its absorption peaks are roughly between 440 - 480 nm and 640 - 730 nm. Therefore, blocking the light in this wavelength range can effectively reduce the energy supply for algal blooms, thereby reducing their growth rate. On the other hand, carbon dioxide, as the main carbon source of cyanobacteria, usually diffuses into the water body first and then enters the interior of algal cells in the form of carbonate ions across the membrane. The exchange rate of carbon dioxide in the gas-liquid phase is determined by the contact area between air and water. Reducing the contact area can reduce the diffusion rate of carbon dioxide, thereby limiting the photosynthesis rate of algae.

[0039] 2. When culturing algae, the upper limit of the concentration that the algal solution can reach is mainly determined by the cell size and the volume of the culture medium that can freely exchange nutrient elements and release secondary metabolites. When reaching a certain concentration, the algal population has a negative feedback mechanism, which causes the growth rate of the algae to decline, enter the stationary phase, and even the decline phase. Algae in the stationary or decline phase of growth can inhibit the growth of other algae and photosynthetic organisms by releasing secondary metabolites.

[0040] Based on the above principle, the present invention provides a device that can artificially inhibit the photosynthesis of algal blooms, thereby interfering with the development of algal bloom disasters.

[0041] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] As Figures 1-5 shown, an algal bloom inhibition device includes a light-shielding part 1 that reduces the transmittance of light of a specific wavelength, an air-separating part 2 that reduces the gas exchange rate, a semi-permeable part 3 that allows inorganic or organic molecules within a certain size range to penetrate, a turbulence part 4 that promotes gas-liquid mixing, an open space 5, and an exchange interface 6 that allows gas and liquid to enter and exit. The open space 5 is formed by surrounding the above-mentioned light-shielding part 1, air-separating part 2, and semi-permeable part 3.

[0044] In this embodiment, the light-shielding part 1, air-separating part 2, semi-permeable part 3, and turbulence part 4 are components with independent functions, mainly made of polymer materials such as polypropylene and polycarbonate.

[0045] The open space 5 initially contains a certain volume of water from the target water body, and this part of the water has been filtered to remove solid particles and algae and sterilized with hydrogen peroxide.

[0046] The light-shielding part 1 is arranged at the top and bottom of the device. The top light-shielding part 11 uses a red optical coating to allow light with wavelengths between 640 and 730 nm to be transmitted, providing light energy for the photosynthetic microorganisms inside the device; the bottom light-shielding part 12 uses a green optical coating to limit the transmission of light with wavelengths in the ranges of 440 - 480 nm and 640 - 730 nm, hindering the absorption of light energy by the algal bloom outside the device.

[0047] The air-separating part 2 uses a polypropylene coating with a thickness greater than 2 mm to prevent chemical corrosion of the device by the external algal bloom, and at the same time reduces the exchange of minute bubbles, oxygen, or carbon dioxide on both sides of the air-separating part 2. The air-separating part 2 is arranged in the area around the device that directly contacts the water body.

[0048] The semi-permeable part 3 is located in the area at the bottom of the device in contact with the algal bloom growth water area. The semi-permeable part 3 is a filter structure pressed from polypropylene fibers, which can delay the entry of fine particles with a particle size above 0.2 microns into the device by free diffusion, and does not block the free diffusion of biological macromolecules with a molecular mass below 300 kDa, nor can it restrict the diffusion of the liquid inside the device to the outside of the device. The semi-permeable part 3 has the same light selectivity as the bottom light-shielding part 12, that is, it restricts the transmission of light with a wavelength range between 440 - 480 nm and 640 - 730 nm.

[0049] The open space 5 is used to culture competitive cyanobacteria (Synechococcus Synechococcus sp. PCC 11901 or Thermosynechococcus elongatus Thermosynechococcus elongatus ) that have an inhibitory effect on algal blooms or microorganisms ( Sphingopyxis and Sphingosinicella or Novosphingobium ) of the genus Novosphingobium that can degrade algal toxins.

[0050] When using this device in parallel, the open space 5 in some units can also be used to hold liquid reagents (such as low-concentration hydrogen peroxide) that have an inhibitory effect on algal blooms; solid particles can be added to the open space 5 in some units to hinder the transmission of light with a wavelength range between 440 - 480 nm and 640 - 730 nm.

[0051] The turbulence part 4 is arranged at the position of the bottom light-shielding part 12 of the device facing the open space 5, and promotes the mixing of the contents in the device by shaking with the device under the action of an external force. At the same time, the turbulence part 4 is embedded with an air duct 7 and is provided with an air duct release port 8. The air outside the device enters through the exchange interface 6 and is released to the inside of the device from the air duct release port 8. The liquid inside the device is output to the outside of the device through the air duct release port 8 and the exchange interface 6.

[0052] The exchange interface 6 is controlled by a multi-path valve and is used for the entry and exit of liquid and gas. At the same time, it provides physical support to the device through an external pipeline, so that the algal bloom inhibition device is fixed in a specific space range on the water surface.

[0053] As Figure 6 , the algal bloom inhibition device in this embodiment restricts the intensity of photosynthesis of the algal bloom in the target water body by weakening the illumination intensity of the transmitted light and reducing the carbon dioxide exchange rate between the air and the water body, thereby reducing its growth rate. At the same time, the photosynthetic microorganisms inside the device enrich the nitrogen and phosphorus elements in the target water body through growth and reproduction, and by adjusting the microbial species or liquid components inside the device, the allelopathic inhibition or direct chemical killing of the external algal bloom by this device is achieved.

[0054] Figure 7 and Figure 8 show the actual application demonstration diagrams.Figure 7 The prevention of algal bloom disasters in large water bodies by the present device is shown. One to two months before the onset of algal bloom, two or more of the present devices are connected in parallel through the exchange interface 6 and the delivery pipeline 9 to a centralized exchange underwater pipeline, which is laid in waters at high risk of algal bloom. Low-concentration harmless cyanobacteria are inoculated inside the devices. The parallel pipelines can output the algal liquid inside the devices to collection stations 10 on the water and on the shore, and at the same time, gas can be input into each parallel device. Figure 8 The inhibition of algal bloom disasters that have already occurred in large water bodies by the present device is shown. After the occurrence of algal bloom, the present device is used to be connected in parallel for isolation treatment in the area where algal bloom has occurred. High-concentration harmless cyanobacteria are inoculated in 1% - 99% of the devices, and microorganisms capable of degrading algal toxins that have been pre-cultured are introduced into the remaining parallel devices. The parallel pipelines are mainly used to input gas into the devices.

[0055] Example 2

[0056] As Figures 9-12 shown, an algal bloom inhibition device includes a light-shielding part 1 that reduces the transmittance of light of specific wavelengths, a gas-isolating part 2 that reduces the gas exchange rate, a semi-permeable part 3 that allows inorganic or organic molecules of a certain size to penetrate, a turbulence part 4 that promotes gas-liquid mixing, an open space 5, and an exchange interface 6 that allows gas and liquid to enter and exit. The open space is surrounded by the above-mentioned light-shielding part 1, gas-isolating part 2, and semi-permeable part 3. The device is made by fitting together two units with exactly the same size. Except for the different optical properties of the light-shielding parts, the materials of other parts of the upper and lower units correspond.

[0057] In this embodiment, the functions of the light-shielding part 1, gas-isolating part 2, semi-permeable part 3, and turbulence part 4 are independent of each other, and they are mainly made of polymer materials such as polypropylene and polycarbonate.

[0058] The open space 5 initially contains a certain volume of water from the target water body, and this part of the water has been filtered to remove solid particles and algae, and has been sterilized with hydrogen peroxide.

[0059] The light-shielding part 1 is arranged in the intervals at the top and bottom of the device that are not semi-permeable parts. The top light-shielding part 11 uses a red optical coating to allow light between 640 - 730 nm to be transmitted, providing light energy for the photosynthetic microorganisms inside the device; the bottom light-shielding part 12 uses a green optical coating to limit the transmission of light with wavelengths in the ranges of 440 - 480 nm and 640 - 730 nm, hindering the absorption of light energy by algal blooms outside the device.

[0060] The gas-isolating part 2 serves as the side of the device and uses a polypropylene coating with a thickness greater than 2 mm to prevent chemical corrosion of the device by external algal blooms, and at the same time reduces the exchange of minute bubbles, oxygen, or carbon dioxide on both sides of the gas-isolating part. The gas-isolating part 2 is located in the intervals on both sides of the device that are in direct contact with the water body.

[0061] The semi-permeable part 3 is located in the area at the bottom of the device that contacts the algal bloom growth water area. The semi-permeable part 3 is a filter structure pressed from polypropylene fibers, which can delay the entry of fine particles with a particle size above 0.2 microns into the device by free diffusion, and does not block the free diffusion of biomacromolecules with a molecular mass below 300 kDa, nor can it restrict the diffusion of the liquid inside the device to the outside of the device. The semi-permeable part 3 has the same light selectivity as the bottom light-shielding part 1, that is, it restricts the transmission of light with a wavelength range between 440 - 480 nm and 640 - 730 nm.

[0062] The open space 5 is used to cultivate competitive cyanobacteria (Synechococcus Synechococcus sp. PCC 11901 or Thermosynechococcus elongatus Thermosynechococcus elongatus ) that have an inhibitory effect on algal blooms or microorganisms (Sphingomonas Sphingopyxis and Sphingosinicella or Novosphingobium Novosphingobium ) that can degrade algal toxins.

[0063] The turbulence part 4 is fixed at the positions of the top light-shielding part 11 and the bottom light-shielding part 12 facing the open space 5, but is not adhered to the semi-permeable part 3. When the upper and lower units are fitted together, the turbulence parts 4 of the two units are in a cross shape. When the turbulence part 4 shakes under the action of an external force, it promotes the mixing of the contents inside the device.

[0064] The exchange interface 6 is a single channel, which is arranged on the top light-shielding part 11 and the bottom light-shielding part 12 for the entry and exit of liquid and gas. When used alone, the exchange interface 6 is provided with diversified connection ends. For example, the exchange interface 6 protrudes from the top light-shielding part 12 and has threads inside, which can be connected to a polymer container with a matching interface, such as a mineral water bottle, a beverage bottle, etc. By adjusting the connection status of the exchange interface, connecting an additional container can provide buoyancy and increase the open space.

[0065] The above is only an illustration of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but it should not be construed as a limitation of the claims. Those skilled in the technical field to which the present invention pertains can make various modifications or supplements to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods for substitution, but will not deviate from the spirit of the present invention or exceed the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An algal bloom inhibition device, characterized in that, it includes a light-shielding part (1) that interferes with the transmittance of specific wavelength light, an air-separating part (2) that reduces the gas exchange rate, a semi-permeable part (3) that allows inorganic or organic molecules of a certain size to pass through, a turbulence part (4) that promotes gas-liquid mixing, an open space (5), and an exchange interface (6) that allows gas and liquid to enter and exit. The open space (5) is formed by surrounding the light-shielding part (1), the air-separating part (2), and the semi-permeable part (3); the light-shielding part (1) is arranged at the top and bottom of the device. The top light-shielding part (11) uses a red optical coating to allow light with a wavelength between 640 and 730 nm to be transmitted, providing light energy for the photosynthetic microorganisms inside the device; the bottom light-shielding part (12) uses a green optical coating to limit the transmission of light with a wavelength range between 440 and 480 nm and 640 and 730 nm, hindering the absorption of light energy by the algal bloom outside the device; the air-separating part (2) is located at the bottom or on both sides of the device in the area directly contacting the water body, and uses a hydrophobic coating or only relies on the physical and chemical properties of the material itself to reduce the exchange of microbubbles, oxygen, or carbon dioxide on both sides of the air-separating part (2) in the liquid environment; the semi-permeable part (3) is arranged at the bottom or on the side of the device in the area contacting the algal bloom growth water area. The material of the semi-permeable part (3) is natural fiber or synthetic polymer, which can delay or completely block the entry of particles with a diameter of more than 0.2 microns into the device, and allows biomacromolecules with a molecular weight below 300 kDa to enter the device, but does not restrict the outward diffusion of the liquid or microorganisms inside the device; the open space (5) contains a colorless or colored liquid, and the liquid is a solvent carrying chemicals or microorganisms that have an inhibitory effect on harmful algal blooms.

2. The algal bloom inhibition device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the light-shielding part (1), the air-separating part (2), the semi-permeable part (3), and the turbulence part (4) are respectively independent functional components or a single component integrating two or more functions.

3. The algal bloom inhibition device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the open space (5) is used to cultivate microorganisms that have an inhibitory effect on algal blooms or can degrade algal toxins. The liquid composed of the microorganisms and their culture solution in the open space (5) has obvious absorption peaks for incident light at 440 - 480 nm and 640 - 730 nm.

4. The algal bloom inhibition device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the open space (5) is used to hold a liquid reagent that has an inhibitory effect on algal blooms, and a dye is added to the reagent to obtain light absorption peaks at 440 - 480 nm and 640 - 730 nm.

5. The algal bloom inhibition device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the turbulence part (4) is located at the bottom or the top of the device facing the inside of the device, and is directly connected to the light-shielding part (1) or the air-separating part (2), and is used to promote the mixing of the contents of the device. At the same time, the turbulence part (4) is embedded with an air duct (7) and is provided with an air duct release port (8).

6. The algal bloom inhibition device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The exchange interface (6) is a single pipeline or a composite pipeline, which is used for the inflow and outflow of liquids and gases, and at the same time provides physical support so that the algal bloom inhibition device is fixed within a specific spatial range on the water surface.

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