A coil cutting system

Abstract

The present invention discloses a coil cutting system, which includes a coil cutting device, a coil loading machine and an image projection device. The coil cutting device includes a transportation table, an image scanning and acquisition device and a cutting device. The coil sequentially passes through the image scanning and acquisition device and the cutting device, and the cutting device cuts the coil according to the scanned image of the coil by the image scanning and acquisition device; the image projection device projects a preset typesetting image onto the transportation table; the coil loading machine includes a frame body, a coil storage mechanism and a coil conveying device, and the coil conveying device includes a driving roller and a tension compensation device; the tension compensation device includes a swinging member and an induction switch, the induction switch controls the rotation of the driving roller, and the coil passes through the driving roller and then is sent out after bypassing the bottom of the swinging member. By adopting the present invention, it is possible to avoid excessive tension of the coil during the unwinding process, and it is easy to manually check the situation after the coil is cut.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of textiles, and particularly to a roll material cutting system. Background Art

[0002] In the combined sewing of existing textile rolls, when dealing with rolls with high elasticity, during the traction movement of the next processing equipment, when the unwinding and feeding speed of the feeding machine is relatively slow, it will increase the stretching deformation of the roll material, and the stretching deformation will fluctuate, thus affecting subsequent combined sewing or cutting and splitting, and affecting the quality of the product.

[0003] On the other hand, in the current market, each type of clothing generally needs to be prepared in multiple sizes and colors. Therefore, during the cutting process of the roll material, different size codes need to be cut out; moreover, for some clothing, subsequent coloring processing etc. also needs to be carried out according to different size codes.

[0004] In order to improve the quality stability of garment making and the requirements of the same model and same production, generally, cutting needs to be carried out on the same cutting production line. Therefore, on the same production line, roll materials of prototype garments in different size codes will be cut out.

[0005] Moreover, roll materials of prototype garments in different size codes need to be sorted by color and size. In particular, for manual verification, since the cut-out garments are very likely to have symmetrical shapes and are not easy to distinguish, the accuracy of manual verification will be reduced during the manual verification process.

[0006] Moreover, in the cutting and processing of the same roll material, there will also be roll materials of different styles but similar garments. And during the cutting and splitting process, due to the long-term operation of the cutting equipment, there may be failures (the tool head becomes loose, and the components used to drive the movement of the tool head are worn and cause movement errors), resulting in a deviation of the cutting route from the preset one, and finally a situation that is not easy to be manually verified, thus affecting the quality of the product and reducing the qualified rate of the product. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a roll material cutting system that can avoid excessive tension of the roll material during the feeding process and is easy to manually verify the situation after the roll material is cut.

[0008] To solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a roll material cutting system, including a roll material cutting device, a roll material feeding machine, and an image projection device. The roll material feeding machine provides roll material to the roll material cutting device.

[0009] Among them, the coil material cutting device includes a transportation table for pulling the coil material, an image scanning and acquisition device, and a cutting device. The image scanning and acquisition device and the coil material cutting device are arranged on the transportation table. The coil material sequentially passes through the image scanning and acquisition device and the cutting device, and the cutting device cuts according to the scanned image of the coil material by the image scanning and acquisition device;

[0010] The image projection device projects a preset typesetting image onto the transportation table for personnel to compare the difference between the coil material after being cut by the cutting device and the preset typesetting image;

[0011] The coil material loading machine includes a frame body, a coil material storage mechanism for placing the coil material, and a coil material conveying device for controlling the conveying of the coil material;

[0012] The coil material conveying device includes a driving roller for actively pulling the coil material and a tension compensation device for controlling the rotation of the driving roller;

[0013] The tension compensation device includes a swinging member and an induction switch corresponding to the swinging member. The induction switch controls the rotation of the driving roller, and the coil material passes through the driving roller and then is sent out after bypassing the bottom of the swinging member.

[0014] As an improvement of the above solution, the image projection device includes a projector, a projector mounting frame arranged above the transportation table, and an adjustment connection component. The projector is connected to the projector mounting frame through the adjustment connection component.

[0015] As an improvement of the above solution, the adjustment connection component includes a position adjustment component and an angle adjustment component;

[0016] The position adjustment component includes a connection block, a height adjustment rod connected to the connection block, and a first connecting member. One end of the first connecting member is provided with a clamping and rotating end for connecting the angle adjustment component, and the other end is provided with a clamping and fixing end for connecting to the height adjustment rod. The clamping and rotating end rotates relative to the clamping and fixing end, and the clamping and fixing end rotates around the axis of the height adjustment rod;

[0017] The projector mounting frame is provided with a connection groove for fixedly connecting the connection block.

[0018] As an improvement of the above solution, the angle adjustment component includes an angle adjustment rod connected to the clamping and rotating end, a second connecting member, and a rotating shaft connected to the projector. Both ends of the second connecting member are provided with clamping ends for clamping the angle adjustment rod and the rotating shaft.

[0019] As an improvement of the above solution, there are at least 2 projectors, and the projectors are distributed along the transportation direction of the transportation table.

[0020] As an improvement of the above-mentioned scheme, the cutting device includes a crossbeam frame, a movable base that moves along the crossbeam frame, and a cutting device for cutting the coiled material provided on the movable base. Slide rails that are compatible with the crossbeam frame are provided on both sides of the transport platform so that the cutting device can move freely on the plane of the transport platform.

[0021] As an improvement to the above solution, a clamping mechanism is provided at the joint between the transport platform and the coil loader, and the clamping mechanism presses the coil delivered by the coil loader onto the transport platform to pull the coil to move.

[0022] As an improvement to the above solution, the frame body is provided with a plurality of the coil storage mechanisms, the frame body is provided with a material discharge area for arranging the coil storage mechanisms in layers, and the coil storage mechanisms between two adjacent layers are staggered;

[0023] As an improvement of the above solution, the swing member includes a swing shaft installed on the frame body and a baffle connected to the swing shaft, and the induction switch is provided on one side of one end of the baffle to sense the swing of the baffle.

[0024] As an improvement of the above solution, the coil storage mechanism includes a storage barrel, a rotating shaft provided at both ends of the storage barrel and a supporting plate for supporting the rotating shaft, and the storage barrel is placed on the supporting plate through the rotating shaft.

[0025] The implementation of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] The present invention discloses a coil cutting system. By providing the tension compensation device, when the coil unwinding speed is slower than the transport speed of the transport platform, the tension of the coil lifts the swing member, causing the swing member to swing and change its initial position, thereby triggering the induction switch and driving the active roller to increase the coil unwinding speed, thereby avoiding the delivery of coils with large tensile deformation and stabilizing the tension of the coils during the delivery process, thereby improving the subsequent cutting quality.

[0027] Moreover, the image scanning and acquisition device will scan and layout the roll material in real time, so that the cutting device can cut and sample according to the preset layout of the image scanning and acquisition device. At the same time, the image projection equipment can project the preset layout product onto the roll material, so as to facilitate manual visual verification of the cutting condition and classification marks of the roll material. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the coil cutting system of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 2. It is a schematic structural diagram of a coil loader of a coil cutting system of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 is a schematic structural view of another angle of the coil loading machine of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 is a schematic structural view of the image projection device of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 is a schematic structural view of the first connecting member of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 is a schematic structural view of the coil cutting device of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 is a schematic structural view of the pressing mechanism and the auxiliary pressure roller mechanism of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 is a schematic structural view of the braking assembly and the roller group of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 9 is a schematic partial structural view of the coil loading machine of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0037] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] Refer to Figure 1 、 2 and 3, the present invention provides a coil cutting system, including a coil cutting device 7, a coil loading machine and an image projection device 8, and the coil loading machine provides a coil for the coil cutting device;

[0039] Wherein, the coil cutting device 7 includes a transport table 71 for pulling the coil, an image scanning and acquisition device 72 and a cutting device 73, the image scanning and acquisition device 72 and the cutting device 73 are arranged on the transport table 71, the coil sequentially passes through the image scanning and acquisition device 72 and the cutting device 73, and the cutting device 73 cuts the coil according to the scanned image of the coil by the image scanning and acquisition device 72;

[0040] The image projection device projects a preset typesetting image onto the transport table 71, that is, projects the preset typesetting image onto the cut coil, so as to enable a person to compare the difference between the cut coil by the cutting device and the preset typesetting image, so that a worker can conveniently find the cutting problems of the coil, identify the number of yards of the cut coil and the coloring situation of future finished products.

[0041] The coiled material loading machine includes a frame main body 1, a coiled material storage mechanism 2 for placing the coiled material, and a coiled material conveying device for controlling the conveyance of the coiled material. The coiled material conveying device includes a driving roller 3 for actively pulling the coiled material and a tension compensation device for controlling the rotation of the driving roller 3;

[0042] The tension compensation device includes a swinging member 4 and a corresponding induction switch 5. The induction switch 5 controls the rotation of the driving roller 3. The coiled material passes through the driving roller 3 and then is sent out after bypassing the bottom of the swinging member. Therefore, when the feeding speed of the coiled material is slower than the conveying speed of the conveying table 71, the tension of the coiled material will lift the swinging member 4, causing the swinging member 4 to swing and change its initial position, thereby triggering the induction switch 5, driving the driving roller 3 to increase the feeding speed of the coiled material, so as to avoid sending out coiled materials with large tensile deformation amounts and stabilizing the tension of the coiled material during the sending process, and improving the subsequent cutting quality; it should be noted that the driving roller 3 is driven by a corresponding motor, and the induction switch 5 controls the motor of the driving roller 3 to achieve the control of the rotation of the driving roller 3.

[0043] Further, the frame main body 1 is provided with a plurality of the coiled material storage mechanisms 2. The frame main body 1 is provided with a feeding area 15 for arranging the coiled material storage mechanisms in layers. The coiled material storage mechanisms 2 between adjacent layers are arranged staggeredly, so that there is a coiled material storage mechanism above the space between the two coiled material storage mechanisms 2 in the lower layer, thereby solving the problem of too large a distance between coiled materials between adjacent coiled material storage mechanisms, improving the effective cutting efficiency of the coiled material layout, and also facilitating the replacement of the coiled material of each coiled material storage mechanism.

[0044] Specifically, referring to Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the image projection device 8 includes a projector 81, a projector mounting bracket 82 provided above the conveying table 71, and an adjustment connection assembly. The projector is connected to the projector mounting bracket 82 through the adjustment connection assembly.

[0045] In order to facilitate the adjustment of the projection direction of the projector 81, the adjustment connection assembly includes a position adjustment component 83 and an angle adjustment component 84;

[0046] The position adjustment component includes a connection block 831, a height adjustment rod 832 connected to the connection block 831, and a first connecting member 833. One end of the first connecting member 833 is provided with a clamping and rotating end 8331 for connecting the angle adjustment component 84, and the other end is provided with a clamping and fixing end 8332 for connecting to the height adjustment rod 832. The clamping and rotating end 8331 rotates relative to the clamping and fixing end 8332, and the clamping and fixing end 8332 rotates around the axis of the height adjustment rod 832; the clamping and rotating end 8331 and the fixed clamping end 8332 are clamped and fixed by screwing. When it is necessary to rotate the first connecting member 833, the screw of the fixed clamping end 8332 can be loosened, so that the first connecting member 833 can move up and down along the height adjustment rod 832 and rotate around it.

[0047] The angle adjustment component 84 includes an angle adjustment rod 841 connected to the clamping and rotating end 8331, a second connecting member 842, and a rotating shaft 843 connected to the projector 81. Both ends of the second connecting member 842 are provided with clamping ends for clamping the angle adjustment rod 841 and the rotating shaft. The clamping ends of the second connecting member are fixed to the angle adjustment rod 841 and the rotating shaft 843 by screwing. It should be noted that both the first connecting member 833 and the second connecting member 842 are made of materials with certain elastic changes, so that the clamping and fixing end, the clamping and rotating end, and the clamping end can be clamped and deformed when the screw is tightened.

[0048] The projector mounting frame 82 is provided with a connection groove 821 for fixedly connecting the connection block, so that the projector can be adjusted in position along the connection groove 821.

[0049] In order to allow personnel to completely check the cutting and trimming of the coil on the transport table 71, at least two projectors are provided. The projectors are distributed along the transport direction of the transport table 71 to fully cover the transport table 71.

[0050] See Figure 6 , the cutting device 73 includes a cross beam frame 731, a moving base 732 moving along the cross beam frame 731, and a cutting device 733 provided on the moving base 732 for cutting the coil. Slide rails 711 adapted to the cross beam frame 731 are provided on both sides of the transport table 71, so that the cutting device can move freely on the plane of the transport table 71, thereby realizing the cutting of the coil. The cutting device 7 is a prior art and will not be elaborated here one by one.

[0051] See Figure 7, in the transportation of the coil material, the transportation method of the transportation table 71 is the common belt transportation in the prior art. Since the coil material is generally light, the traction force generated on the conveyor belt is small, and it is difficult to pull the coil material on the coil material storage mechanism 2 for feeding. Therefore, a pressing mechanism 9 is provided at the docking position between the transportation table 71 and the coil material loading machine. The pressing mechanism presses the coil material sent out by the coil material loading machine onto the transportation table 71 to traction the movement of the coil material.

[0052] The pressing mechanism 9 includes a roller shaft 91, rollers 92 provided on the roller shaft 91, and a roller shaft support 93. A plurality of the rollers 92 are provided on the roller shaft 91 to press the coil material onto the conveyor belt of the transportation table 71, thereby increasing the friction between the coil material and the conveyor belt and driving the feeding of the subsequent coil material. The roller shaft support 93 is provided with a bayonet 931 for restricting the movement of the roller shaft 91 in the moving direction of the conveyor belt. Preferably, the roller shaft support 93 is further provided with a temporary placement bayonet 932 for suspending the roller shaft to relieve the downward pressure of the rollers 92 on the coil material, which is convenient for processing unsuitable old coil materials required for the production of the next product.

[0053] Furthermore, an auxiliary pressure roller mechanism is also provided at the docking position between the transportation table 71 and the coil material loading machine. The auxiliary pressure roller mechanism includes a swing arm, a swing shaft, and a pressure roller. The swing shaft and the pressure roller are provided on the swing arm. After the coil material bypasses the rotating shaft and the pressure roller in sequence, it moves towards the roller. The setting of the auxiliary pressure roller mechanism can prevent the coil material from entering the transportation table 71 from bottom to top to fit both ends of the conveyor belt of the transportation table 71.

[0054] See Figure 8 In terms of the feeding of the coil material, the coil material storage mechanism 2 includes a storage cylinder 21, rotating shafts 22 provided at both ends of the storage cylinder 21, and a supporting plate 23 for supporting the rotating shafts. The storage cylinder 21 is placed on the supporting plate 23 through the rotating shafts 22.

[0055] See Figure 4, in order to facilitate the removal of the storage cylinder 21 for replenishing the coiled material for production, a roller group for supporting the rotating shaft 22 is provided at the top of the supporting plate 23, and the rotating shaft 22 is supported between the two roller groups. Thus, the storage cylinder 21 can be directly removed without being hindered by other coiled material storage mechanisms. The roller group includes an inner roller 231, an outer roller 232, and a roller shaft 233. The inner roller 231 and the outer roller 232 are respectively installed on the inner and outer sides of the supporting plate 23 through the roller shaft 233. Moreover, in order to avoid the safety problem of the roller shaft 233 coming off, limiting columns 234 extend upward at the left and right ends of the supporting plate 23, and a detachable closing rod 235 is provided between the two limiting columns. When replacement is needed, the closing rod 235 can be opened. The closing rod 235 can be connected to the limiting columns 234 in a magnetic attraction or single-sided hinge connection manner to close the roller shaft 233 and limit its detachment.

[0056] Since coiled materials of different types have different elastic changes based on their different shapes, patterns, and materials, in order to meet the requirements of combined sewing production of different types of coiled materials, especially coiled materials with different elasticities, at least one braking component 6 that hinders the rotation of the outer roller is provided in the roller group. The braking component 6 includes a handle screw 61 and a compression spring 62. The handle screw 61 is installed on the roller shaft 233 through the compression spring 62. Therefore, by screwing the handle screw 61, the friction force between the compression spring 62 and the outer roller 232 can be adjusted to control the feeding speed of the storage cylinder 21, and thus the tension of the coiled material of the storage cylinder 21 during feeding can be adjusted. Therefore, the setting of the braking component 6 can achieve the uniformity of the tension of different types of coiled materials, facilitating the unified adjustment of the tension compensation device.

[0057] Further, referring to Figure 9 , the frame main body 1 further includes a first winding roller 11 corresponding to the coiled material storage mechanism 2 and a second winding roller 12 provided on one side of the driving roller 3. The coiled material successively passes around the first winding roller 11, the driving roller 3, and the second winding roller 12, so that the coiled material is attached to the driving roller 3. The number of the first winding rollers 11 provided corresponds to the number of layers for arranging the coiled material storage mechanism 2.

[0058] The frame main body 1 is provided with support columns 13 for installing the first tape winding roller 11 and the second tape winding roller 12, and the support columns 13 are provided with installation grooves 131 for adjusting the installation heights of the first tape winding roller 11 and the second tape winding roller 12. Therefore, the first tape winding roller 11 and the second tape winding roller 12 can move up and down along the installation groove 131, so as to adjust the fitting area between the coil material and the driving roller 3, and change the maximum traction force of the driving roller 3 on the coil material. The driving roller 3 is preferably a rubber-coated roller to increase the friction force between it and the coil material. Moreover, in order to improve the overall synchronism of the coil material when passing around the first tape winding roller 11 and the second tape winding roller 12 and reduce the stretching effect on the coil material, a synchronous belt is provided between the first tape winding roller 11 and the second tape winding roller 12 to maintain the synchronous rotation between the first tape winding roller and the second tape winding roller. The shaft diameters of the first tape winding roller and the second tape winding roller are equal.

[0059] In terms of the drive control of the driving roller 3, the frame main body 1 is provided with a supporting rod 16 corresponding to the second tape winding roller 12, and the swinging member 4 is located below the supporting rod 16 and the second tape winding roller 12. The swinging member 4 includes a swinging shaft 41 installed on the frame main body and a baffle 42 connected to the swinging shaft 41, and the induction switch 5 is arranged on one side of one end of the baffle 42 to sense the swing of the baffle 42. It should be noted that the main traction force of the coil material comes from the friction force between the coil material and the conveyor belt. Therefore, when the driving roller 3 of the present invention is not working, the natural feeding speed of the coil material storage mechanism 2 will lag behind the transportation speed of the conveyor belt, so that the coil material will generate a large deformation during the feeding process, and finally the coil material processed by the subsequent processing equipment will be processed under a large deformation condition, thus affecting the performance of the pattern and shape of the coil material.

[0060] Therefore, when the feeding speed of the coil material loading machine is too slow relative to the transportation speed of the conveyor belt, the coil material will be tightened, generating a tendency to lift the swinging member 4, causing the swinging member to swing and change its initial position, thereby triggering the induction switch 5 to control the motor (not marked in the figure) for rotating the driving roller 3, so as to increase the feeding speed of the coil material, and thus control the difference between the feeding speed of the coil material loading machine and the transportation speed of the conveyor belt to avoid excessive stretching of the coil material. Preferably, the induction switch 5 is a proximity sensor.

[0061] The bottom of the frame main body 1 is provided with a material trough 14 for restricting the coil material from falling to the ground. Therefore, when the coil material between the coil material loading machine and the transportation table 71 is disconnected, the coil material falls back onto the material trough 14, thus avoiding the pollution of the coil material by the ground.

[0062] The above are the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements are also regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coil stock cutting system, characterized in that, It includes a coil material cutting device, a coil material loading machine, and an image projection device. The coil material loading machine provides coil materials to the coil material cutting device; Among them, the coil material cutting device includes a transport table for pulling the coil material, an image scanning and acquisition device, and a cutting device. The image scanning and acquisition device and the coil material cutting device are arranged on the transport table. The coil material passes through the image scanning and acquisition device and the cutting device in sequence. The cutting device cuts the coil material according to the scanned image of the coil material by the image scanning and acquisition device; The image projection device projects a preset typesetting image onto the transport table for personnel to compare the difference between the coil material cut by the cutting device and the preset typesetting image; The coil material loading machine includes a frame body, a coil material storage mechanism for placing the coil material, and a coil material conveying device for controlling the conveyance of the coil material; The coil material conveying device includes a driving roller for actively pulling the coil material and a tension compensation device for controlling the rotation of the driving roller; The tension compensation device includes a swinging member and an induction switch corresponding to the swinging member. The induction switch controls the rotation of the driving roller. The coil material passes through the driving roller and then is sent out after bypassing the bottom of the swinging member; A plurality of the coil material storage mechanisms are arranged on the frame body; The coil material storage mechanism includes a storage cylinder, rotating shafts arranged at both ends of the storage cylinder, and a support plate for supporting the rotating shafts. The storage cylinder is placed on the support plate through the rotating shafts; A roller group for supporting the rotating shaft is arranged at the top of the support plate. The rotating shaft is supported between the two roller groups; The roller group includes an inner roller, an outer roller, and a roller shaft. The inner roller and the outer roller are respectively installed on the inner and outer sides of the support plate through the roller shaft; At least one braking component for preventing the outer roller from rotating is arranged on the roller group. The braking component includes a handle screw and a compression spring. The handle screw is installed on the roller shaft through the compression spring; A pressing mechanism is arranged at the docking place between the transport table and the coil material loading machine. The pressing mechanism presses the coil material sent out by the coil material loading machine onto the transport table to pull the coil material to move; The pressing mechanism includes a roller shaft, rollers arranged on the roller shaft, and a roller shaft support. The roller shaft support is provided with a bayonet for restricting the movement of the roller shaft in the moving direction of the conveyor belt and a temporary placement bayonet for suspending the roller shaft; The frame body is provided with a material discharging area for arranging the coil material storage mechanisms in layers. The coil material storage mechanisms between adjacent layers are arranged staggeredly; An auxiliary pressing roller mechanism is also arranged at the docking place between the transport table and the coil material loading machine. The auxiliary pressing roller mechanism includes a swinging arm, a swinging shaft, and a pressing roller. The swinging shaft and the pressing roller are arranged on the swinging arm. After the coil material bypasses the swinging shaft and the pressing roller in sequence, it moves towards the roller; 2. The coil cutting system according to claim 1, wherein The image projection device includes a projector, a projector mounting bracket arranged above the transport table, and an adjustment connection component. The projector is connected to the projector mounting bracket through the adjustment connection component; 3. The coil cutting system according to claim 2, wherein, The adjustment connection component includes a position adjustment component and an angle adjustment component; The position adjustment assembly includes a connection block, a height adjustment rod connected to the connection block, and a first connecting member. One end of the first connecting member is provided with a clamping and rotating end for connecting the angle adjustment assembly, and the other end is provided with a clamping and fixing end for connecting to the height adjustment rod. The clamping and rotating end rotates relative to the clamping and fixing end, and the clamping and fixing end rotates around the axis of the height adjustment rod; The projector mounting bracket is provided with a connection groove for fixedly connecting the connection block.

4. The coil cutting system according to claim 3, wherein, The angle adjustment assembly includes an angle adjustment rod connected to the clamping and rotating end, a second connecting member, and a rotating shaft connected to the projector. Both ends of the second connecting member are provided with clamping ends for clamping the angle adjustment rod and the rotating shaft.

5. The coil cutting system according to claim 2, wherein, There are at least two projectors, and the projectors are distributed along the transportation direction of the transportation table.

6. The coil cutting system according to claim 1, wherein The cutting device includes a cross beam frame, a moving base moving along the cross beam frame, and a cutting device provided on the moving base for cutting the coil material. Slide rails adapted to the cross beam frame are provided on both sides of the transportation table so that the cutting device can move freely on the plane of the transportation table.

7. The coil cutting system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The swing member includes a swing shaft mounted on the main body of the frame and a baffle connected to the swing shaft. The induction switch is provided on one side of one end of the baffle to sense the swing of the baffle.

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