Device and method for simultaneous removal of dust and nitrogen oxides from a ship equipped with a flow guide ring

Abstract

The application relates to a ship dust and nitrogen removal device and method installed with a flow guide ring, wherein the removal device comprises a dust removal mixing part and a reactor part; the dust removal mixing part comprises an air inlet pipe, a Venturi tube and a connecting pipe for connecting the air inlet pipe and the Venturi tube; a flow guide ring for reducing the velocity difference value of flue gas at the outlet of the connecting pipe is installed at the joint of the air inlet pipe and the connecting pipe; the reactor part comprises a reactor; and the diffusion section of the Venturi tube is communicated with the inlet of the reactor through a transition pipe. The dust removal mixing part of the application is installed with the flow guide ring, the physical structure of the flow guide ring is designed, the velocity difference value of flue gas at the outlet of the connecting pipe is small, and the crystallization phenomenon of urea solution on downstream equipment is effectively reduced. The SCR system of the application realizes dust and nitrogen removal in cooperation, can work stably for a long time, and can effectively reduce the fault time.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of ship pollutant emission reduction, in particular to a ship dust and nitrogen oxide cooperative removal device provided with a flow guide ring and a removal method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) is a widely used flue gas denitration technology. In the prior art, the ship flue gas SCR denitration system generally mixes ammonia gas with flue gas after the flue gas enters a flue, and then enters an SCR reactor. The SCR reactor is composed of multiple layers of catalysts, and nitrogen oxides in the flue gas and ammonia gas undergo a reduction reaction under the action of the catalysts to generate nitrogen and water harmless to the environment. This process requires that the flue gas containing the reducing agent ammonia gas entering the inlet of the SCR reactor has uniform velocity distribution of the flue gas and the ammonia gas. In addition, it is desirable that the reaction gas entering the SCR reactor has no solid dust particles and the like. SUMMARY

[0003] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present application discloses a ship dust and nitrogen oxide cooperative removal device provided with a flow guide ring and a removal method.

[0004] The technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows:

[0005] A ship dust and nitrogen oxide cooperative removal device provided with a flow guide ring, the removal device comprising a dust removal and mixing part and a reactor part; the dust removal and mixing part comprising a gas inlet pipe, a Venturi tube and a connecting pipe for connecting the gas inlet pipe and the Venturi tube; a flow guide ring for reducing the velocity difference value of the flue gas at the outlet of the connecting pipe is installed at the junction of the gas inlet pipe and the connecting pipe; the reactor part comprising a reactor; the diffusion section of the Venturi tube is connected to the inlet of the reactor through a transition pipe.

[0006] A further technical scheme is that the flow guide ring comprises an inner flow guide ring and an outer flow guide ring; the inner flow guide ring comprises a first cylindrical surface and a first conical surface extending at the end of the first cylindrical surface; the outer flow guide ring comprises a second cylindrical surface and a second conical surface extending at the second cylindrical surface; the first cylindrical surface and the second cylindrical surface are coaxially installed.

[0007] A further technical scheme is that the included angle between the first cylindrical surface and the first conical surface is 30-60°; the included angle between the second cylindrical surface and the second conical surface is 30-60°.

[0008] A further technical scheme is that:

[0009] The height of the first conical surface and the second conical surface is the same, and the outlet end surface of the outer flow guide ring and the end surface of the first cylindrical surface of the inner flow guide ring are located in the same plane; and,

[0010] The height of the second conical surface is 1 / 2 of the height of the cylindrical surface of the connecting pipe into which the second conical surface extends; and

[0011] a≤b, a≤c;

[0012] The angle between the first cylindrical surface and the first conical surface is c, the angle between the second cylindrical surface and the second conical surface is b, and the angle between the connecting pipe and the inlet pipe is a.

[0013] The further technical solution is:

[0014] L2 / L1=0.4 or 0.6; the height of the part of the inner flow guide ring extending into the connecting pipe 3 is L2, and the height of the connecting pipe 3 is L1.

[0015] The further technical solution is:

[0016] The first conical surface and the second conical surface are equally divided by slots, and the slotted positions of the first conical surface and the second conical surface are staggered.

[0017] The further technical solution is:

[0018] The first conical surface and the second conical surface are equally divided by slots, and the slotted positions of the first conical surface and the second conical surface are staggered.

[0019] The further technical solution is:

[0020] The reactor part further comprises a dust removal and flow regulation plate; the dust removal and flow regulation plate comprises at least a plurality of corrugated plates; and fins are mounted on the corrugated plates.

[0021] The further technical solution is:

[0022] The fins are arranged in multiple groups and are arranged on both sides of the corrugated plate; fins with lengths of 2mm, 4mm and 8mm are respectively arranged at positions with heights of 11 / 12, 5 / 6 and 2 / 3 of the corrugated plate; and the angle between the fins and the corrugated plate is 30°.

[0023] A ship dust and nitrogen removal method, comprising:

[0024] Step 1, the urea solution is sprayed into the inlet pipe part, mixed with the flue gas to form a mixer, and then enters the dust removal and mixing part; after the mixed gas is regulated by the flow guide ring, the speed difference value of the mixed gas is reduced, and then enters the venturi tube;

[0025] Step 2, after the mixed gas enters the venturi tube, passes through the throat composed of the variable cross-section device and the wall surface of the venturi tube, and after being mixed intensively, the gas flows out of the expansion section of the venturi tube and enters the transition pipe;

[0026] Step 3, after the mixed gas enters the transition pipe, it flows into the reactor after being regulated by the flow guide plate;

[0027] Step 4, after the mixed gas enters the reactor, it passes through the dust removal rectifier plate and reacts with the catalyst for denitration.

[0028] Step 5, after the flue gas is purified by denitration, it flows out of the reactor through the exhaust pipe.

[0029] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows:

[0030] The present application still belongs to a SCR system, and the denitration feature is that ammonia is generated by pyrolysis of urea solution after mixing with flue gas, and the mixed gas then enters the reactor and reacts with the catalyst to generate nitrogen and water; the dust removal mixing part of the present SCR system is installed with a flow guide ring, and by designing the physical structure of the flow guide ring, the difference value of the flue gas velocity at the outlet of the connecting pipe is reduced. When the mixed gas flows in the connecting pipe, the urea solution absorbs the heat in the flue gas and evaporates and pyrolyzes, effectively reducing the crystallization phenomenon of the urea solution on the downstream equipment; part of the urea solution droplets impact the flow guide ring and deposit, and since the flow guide ring is located in the center of the pipeline, the flue gas temperature is high, and the deposited urea solution crystals can evaporate and pyrolyze quickly after the flue gas temperature is increased, thereby avoiding the influence on the downstream equipment. The SCR system of the present application realizes dust and nitrogen simultaneous removal, and can work stably for a long time, and the present application can effectively reduce the downtime. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic view of an embodiment of the ship dust and nitrogen simultaneous removal device provided with a flow guide ring.

[0032] Figure 2 It is a schematic view of an embodiment of the flow guide ring.

[0033] Figure 3 It is Figure 2 It is a schematic view from another angle.

[0034] Figure 4 It is a function graph of the relative standard deviation percentage of the fluid flow velocity at the outlet section of the flow guide ring in another embodiment of the flow guide ring with the number of petal-shaped sheet structures as the independent variable.

[0035] Figure 5 It is a schematic view of the size measurement of the flow guide ring.

[0036] Figure 6 It is a function graph of the relative standard deviation percentage of the gas flow velocity at the outlet section of the flow guide ring in an embodiment of the flow guide ring with the included angle of the cylindrical surface and the conical surface as the independent variable.

[0037] Figure 7 It is a function graph of the relative standard deviation percentage of the gas flow velocity at the outlet section of the flow guide ring in an embodiment of the flow guide ring with the ratio of the height of the flow guide ring extending into the connecting pipe to the total height of the connecting pipe as the independent variable.

[0038] Figure 8 Figure 1 is a schematic view of a ship dust and nitrogen oxide removal device according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 Figure 2 is a top view of the device of Figure 1.

[0039] Figure 9 Figure 3 is a sectional view along the line B-B of the device of Figure 1. Figure 8

[0040] Figure 10 Figure 4 is a sectional view along the line A-A of the device of Figure 1. Figure 8

[0041] Figure 11 Figure 5 is a schematic view of a partial structure of an embodiment of the dust removal and rectification plate.

[0042] Figure 12 Figure 6 is a schematic view of another angle of the device of Figure 1. Figure 11

[0043] Figure 1: 1, inlet pipe; 2, flow guide ring; 21, inner flow guide ring; 22, outer flow guide ring; 23, support; 3, connecting pipe; 4, variable cross-section device; 5, Venturi tube; 6, transition pipe; 7, flow guide plate; 8, reactor; 9, dust removal and rectification plate; 91, corrugated plate; 92, 93, 94, fin; 10, SCR catalyst; 11, exhaust pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The specific embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0045] Example 1.

[0046] Example 1 discloses a ship dust and nitrogen oxide removal device provided with a flow guide ring. Figure 1 Figure 1 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a ship dust and nitrogen oxide removal device provided with a flow guide ring. As shown in Figure 1, the removal device comprises a dust removal and mixing portion and a reactor portion. The dust removal and mixing portion comprises an inlet pipe 1, a Venturi tube 5 and a connecting pipe 3 for connecting the inlet pipe 1 and the Venturi tube 5, which are sequentially communicated along the flow direction of the flue gas. Figure 1 A flow guide ring 2 is installed at the junction of the inlet pipe 1 and the connecting pipe 3, for reducing the velocity difference value of the flue gas at the outlet of the connecting pipe 3. The flow guide ring 2 is located at the center of the pipeline. The reactor portion comprises a reactor 8. The diffuser section of the Venturi tube 5 is connected to the inlet of the reactor 8 through a transition pipe 6. The flue gas is removed of dust particles in the dust removal and mixing portion, and then passes through the transition pipe 6 to perform a denitration reaction in the reactor 8 in the reactor portion, and is then discharged by the exhaust pipe 11.

[0047] The inlet pipe 1 is cylindrical. The flow guide ring 2 is installed at the junction of the inlet pipe 1 and the connecting pipe 3.

[0048]

[0049] Figure 2 ​​​​This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the flow guide ring. Figure 3 for Figure 2 A diagram from another angle. (For example...) Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the guide ring 2 is mounted on the intake pipe 1 via a bracket 23. The guide ring 2 includes an inner guide ring 21 and an outer guide ring 22. The inner guide ring 21 includes a first cylindrical surface and a first conical surface that are interconnected, the first conical surface being formed by extending the end of the first cylindrical surface along the flue gas flow direction. The outer guide ring 22 includes a second cylindrical surface and a second conical surface that are interconnected, the second conical surface being formed by extending the end of the second cylindrical surface along the flue gas flow direction. The first cylindrical surface and the second cylindrical surface are coaxially mounted. Preferably, the included angle between the first cylindrical surface and the first conical surface is 30~60°. The included angle between the second cylindrical surface and the second conical surface is 30~60°.

[0050] When the mixed gas flows through the connecting pipe 3, the urea solution absorbs heat from the flue gas and evaporates and pyrolyzes, effectively reducing the crystallization of the urea solution on downstream equipment. Some urea solution droplets collide with the guide ring 2 and deposit. Since the guide ring 2 is located in the center of the pipeline and the flue gas temperature is high, the deposited urea solution crystals can evaporate and pyrolyze quickly after the flue gas temperature is increased, thus avoiding the impact on downstream equipment.

[0051] Example 2.

[0052] The difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is that both the first and second conical surfaces are equally grooved, and the grooves on the first and second conical surfaces are staggered. This forms a petal-shaped guide ring. Preferably, after the first and second conical surfaces are equally grooved, 4 to 10 plate-like structures remain. Preferably, there are 6 plate-like structures.

[0053] Figure 4 This is a graph showing the percentage relative standard deviation of the fluid velocity at the outlet cross-section of the guide ring, with the number of petal-shaped plate structures as the independent variable, in another embodiment of the guide ring. As shown in the figure, the fluid velocity stability at the outlet cross-section is best when there are 6 petal-shaped plate structures.

[0054] Example 3.

[0055] Example 3 is a further optimization of the flow guide ring based on Example 1 or Example 2. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the dimensions of the guide ring. (Example) Figure 5As shown, the angle between the first cylindrical surface and the first conical surface is set as c, the angle between the second cylindrical surface and the second conical surface is b, the angle between the connecting pipe 3 and the air inlet pipe 1 is a, the height of the inner guide ring 21 extending into the connecting pipe 3 is set as L2, and the height of the connecting pipe 3 is set as L1. All of the above dimensions are variable dimensions. When the above dimensions change, the guide ring 2 can have several different implementations. In this embodiment, based on fluid mechanics, a preferred implementation structure of the guide ring 2 is proposed under the following constraints:

[0056] (1) The first conical surface of the inner guide ring 21 and the second conical surface of the outer guide ring 22 have the same height. At the entrance of the guide ring 2, the height of the first cylindrical surface of the inner guide ring 21 and the height of the second cylindrical surface of the outer guide ring 22 are located on the same plane;

[0057] (2) The height of the second conical surface of the outer guide ring 22 is 1 / 2 of the height of the second cylindrical surface extending into the connecting pipe 3;

[0058] (3) a≤b and a≤c.

[0059] Figure 6 This is a graph showing the percentage relative standard deviation of the gas velocity at the outlet cross-section of the guide ring, with the angle between the cylindrical and conical surfaces as the independent variable, in one embodiment of the guide ring. Figure 6 As shown, when a=30°, with the velocity deviation at the outlet of the connecting pipe as the optimization target, several combinations of the included angle were obtained, and the optimal implementation method was selected as follows: when the included angle of the outer ring is 45° and the included angle of the inner ring is 30°, the velocity deviation reaches the minimum value under this condition, and the fluid velocity stability at the outlet section is the best.

[0060] Furthermore, based on the above parameters, further optimization was performed, and the effect of the insertion length was examined. Figure 7 This is a graph showing the percentage relative standard deviation of the gas velocity at the outlet cross-section of the guide ring, with the ratio of the guide ring's extension height into the connecting pipe to the total height of the connecting pipe as the independent variable. (See figure.) Figure 7 As shown, when L2 / L1 = 0.4 or 0.6, the velocity deviation reaches the minimum value, and the fluid velocity stability at the outlet section is the best, which is the optimal implementation method.

[0061] Example 5.

[0062] Based on any one of the embodiments from Embodiment 1 to Embodiment 4, Embodiment 5 includes a dust removal and rectifier plate 9 installed inside the reactor 8. Figure 10 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional view along line AA. (See attached image.) Figure 10 As shown, the reactor section also includes a dust removal and rectifier plate 9. The dust removal and rectifier plate 9 is located below the SCR catalyst 10.

[0063] Figure 11Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a dust-removing and rectifying plate according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 12 Fig. 2 is a schematic view of another angle of the dust-removing and rectifying plate according to the embodiment of the present application. Figure 11 Fig. 3 is a schematic view of another angle of the dust-removing and rectifying plate according to the embodiment of the present application. Figure 11 Fig. 4 is a schematic view of another angle of the dust-removing and rectifying plate according to the embodiment of the present application. Figure 12 Fig. 5 is a schematic view of another angle of the dust-removing and rectifying plate according to the embodiment of the present application. Fig. 6 is a schematic view of another angle of the dust-removing and rectifying plate according to the embodiment of the present application.

[0064] Fig. 7 is a schematic view of another angle of the dust-removing and rectifying plate according to the embodiment of the present application. Fig. 8 is a schematic view of another angle of the dust-removing and rectifying plate according to the embodiment of the present application.

[0065] Fig. 9 is a schematic view of another angle of the dust-removing and rectifying plate according to the embodiment of the present application. Fig. 10 is a schematic view of another angle of the dust-removing and rectifying plate according to the embodiment of the present application.

[0066] Fig. 11 is a schematic view of another angle of the dust-removing and rectifying plate according to the embodiment of the present application. Figure 10 Fig. 12 is a schematic view of another angle of the dust-removing and rectifying plate according to the embodiment of the present application. Fig. 13 is a schematic view of another angle of the dust-removing and rectifying plate according to the embodiment of the present application.

[0067] Fig. 14 is a schematic view of another angle of the dust-removing and rectifying plate according to the embodiment of the present application. Fig. 15 is a schematic view of another angle of the dust-removing and rectifying plate according to the embodiment of the present application.

[0068] Fig. 16 is a schematic view of another angle of the dust-removing and rectifying plate according to the embodiment of the present application. Fig. 17 is a schematic view of another angle of the dust-removing and rectifying plate according to the embodiment of the present application.

[0069] Fig. 18 is a schematic view of another angle of the dust-removing and rectifying plate according to the embodiment of the present application. Fig. 19 is a schematic view of another angle of the dust-removing and rectifying plate according to the embodiment of the present application.

[0070] Fig. 20 is a schematic view of another angle of the dust-removing and rectifying plate according to the embodiment of the present application. Fig. 21 is a schematic view of another angle of the dust-removing and rectifying plate according to the embodiment of the present application.

[0071] Fig. 22 is a schematic view of another angle of the dust-removing and rectifying plate according to the embodiment of the present application. Fig. 23 is a schematic view of another angle of the dust-removing and rectifying plate according to the embodiment of the present application.

[0072] Fig. 24 is a schematic view of another angle of the dust-removing and rectifying plate according to the embodiment of the present application. Fig. 25 is a schematic view of another angle of the dust-removing and rectifying plate according to the embodiment of the present application.

[0073] The bottom of the venturi 5 is beveled to facilitate the flow of flue gas into the reactor 8 and the flow of dust into the dust hopper.

[0074] A variable cross-section device 4 is installed in the venturi 5 and can move up and down in the throat of the venturi 5 in a direction parallel to the direction of the flue gas flow.

[0075] To reduce unnecessary kinetic energy loss caused by flow separation when the gas flows through the throat of the venturi while ensuring mixing effect, preferably, the variable cross-section device 4 is olive-shaped.

[0076] Under normal working conditions, the midpoint of the olive-shaped variable cross-section device 4 is located at the minimum cross-section of the venturi 5, at which time the cross-sectional area of the throat of the venturi 5 is the smallest, and the mixed gas can achieve a good mixing effect after being squeezed into the throat of the venturi 5 and then sprayed out of the expansion pipe of the venturi.

[0077] In this embodiment, three identical olive-shaped variable cross-section devices 4 are arranged side by side in the venturi 5, and each variable cross-section device 4 is installed on an independently controllable telescopic adjusting support, which can be a hydraulic or electric telescopic rod. The telescopic adjusting support can adjust the height of the variable cross-section device 4. The adjustment range of the variable cross-section device 4 is from the position of the throat of the venturi 5 to the position away from the throat of the venturi 5. The position of the variable cross-section device 4 can be adjusted to change the size of the cross-sectional area in the venturi 5 under different working conditions.

[0078] Embodiment 8.

[0079] Embodiment 8 discloses a method for simultaneous removal of dust and nitrogen oxides from a ship, comprising:

[0080] Step 1: The urea solution is partially sprayed into the inlet pipe 1 and mixed with the flue gas to form a mixer, which enters the dust removal mixing part together. After the mixed gas passes through the flow guide ring 2, the velocity difference value decreases, and then enters the venturi 5.

[0081] Step 2: After the mixed gas enters the venturi 5, it passes through the throat formed by the variable cross-section device 4 and the wall surface of the venturi 5, and after intense mixing, the mixed gas flows out of the expansion section of the venturi 5 and enters the transition pipe 6.

[0082] Step 3: After the mixed gas enters the transition pipe 6, it flows into the reactor 8 after being rectified by the flow guide plate 7.

[0083] Step 4: After the mixed gas enters the reactor 8, it first passes through the dust removal rectification plate 9 and then reacts with the SCR catalyst 10 to further improve the dust removal efficiency, while simplifying the structure of the reactor 8, avoiding the installation of a steam or compressed air soot blower, and reducing the operating cost.

[0084] Step 5. The mixed gas, after being cleaned of nitrogen oxides, is discharged from the reactor 8 through the exhaust pipe 11.

[0085] The above description is an explanation of the present application, not a limitation of the application, the scope of the present application is defined by the claims, the present application can be modified in any form without departing from the basic structure of the present application.

Claims

1. A ship dust and nitrogen oxide removal device equipped with a flow guide ring, characterized in that: The dust removal device includes a dust removal and mixing section and a reactor section; the dust removal and mixing section includes an inlet pipe (1), a venturi tube (5) and a connecting pipe (3) for connecting the inlet pipe (1) and the venturi tube (5); a guide ring (2) for reducing the velocity difference of the flue gas at the outlet of the connecting pipe (3) is installed at the junction of the inlet pipe (1) and the connecting pipe (3); the reactor section includes a reactor (8); the diffusion section of the venturi tube (5) is connected to the inlet of the reactor (8) through a transition pipe (6); A variable cross-section device (4) is installed inside the venturi tube (5) and can move up and down in a direction parallel to the flue gas flow direction at the throat of the venturi tube (5). The guide ring (2) includes an inner guide ring (22) and an outer guide ring (21); the inner guide ring (22) includes a first cylindrical surface and a first conical surface extending from the end of the first cylindrical surface; the outer guide ring (21) includes a second cylindrical surface and a second conical surface extending from the second cylindrical surface; the first cylindrical surface and the second cylindrical surface are coaxially mounted; the included angle between the first cylindrical surface and the first conical surface is 30~60°; the included angle between the second cylindrical surface and the second conical surface is 30~60°; L2 / L1 = 0.4 or 0.6; the height of the inner guide ring extending into the connecting pipe (3) is set as L2, and the height of the connecting pipe (3) is set as L1; The first and second conical surfaces have the same height, and the outlet end face of the outer guide ring (21) and the end face of the first cylindrical surface of the inner guide ring (22) are located on the same plane; and, The height of the second conical surface is half the height of the cylindrical surface of the second conical surface extending into the connecting pipe (3); and, a≤b,a≤c; The angle between the first cylindrical surface and the first conical surface is set as c, the angle between the second cylindrical surface and the second conical surface is set as b, and the angle between the connecting pipe (3) and the air intake pipe (1) is set as a.

2. The ship dust and nitrogen oxide removal device with a guide ring as described in any one of claims 1, characterized in that: The first and second conical surfaces are equally divided into grooves, and the grooves on the first and second conical surfaces are staggered.

3. The ship dust and nitrogen oxide removal device with a guide ring as described in claim 2, characterized in that: After the first and second conical surfaces are separated into grooves, 4 to 10 sheet-like structures remain.

4. The ship dust and nitrogen oxide removal device with a guide ring as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The reactor section also includes a dust removal and rectifier plate (9); the dust removal and rectifier plate (9) includes at least a plurality of corrugated plates (91); fins (92, 93, 94) are installed on the corrugated plates (91).

5. The ship dust and nitrogen oxide removal device with a guide ring as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The fins (92, 93, 94) are in multiple sets and are arranged on both sides of the corrugated plate (91); fins (92, 93, 94) with lengths of 2mm, 4mm, and 8mm are respectively installed at 11 / 12, 5 / 6, and 2 / 3 of the height of the corrugated plate (91); the angle between the fins (92, 93, 94) and the corrugated plate (91) is 30°.

6. A method for the synergistic removal of ship dust and nitrogen oxides, characterized by the use of a ship dust and nitrogen oxide synergistic removal device equipped with a guide ring as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein... include: Step 1: Urea solution is sprayed into the inlet pipe (1) to form a mixer with the flue gas and enter the dust removal mixing section together. After the mixed gas passes through the guide ring (2) for rectification, the velocity difference of the mixed gas decreases and then enters the venturi tube (5). Step 2: After the mixed gas enters the Venturi tube (5), it passes through the throat formed by the variable cross-section device (4) and the wall of the Venturi tube (5). After being violently mixed, the gas flows out in the expansion section of the Venturi tube (5) and enters the transition tube (6). Step 3: After the mixed gas enters the transition pipe (6), it is rectified by the guide plate (7) and then flows into the reactor (8); Step 4: After the mixed gas enters the reactor (8), it passes through the dust removal and rectifier plate (9) and then undergoes a denitrification reaction with the SCR catalyst (10); Step 5: After being purified by denitrification, the flue gas flows out of the reactor (8) through the exhaust pipe (11).

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