Lead-acid battery crusher separator

Abstract

The present invention provides a separator for crushed lead-acid batteries, belonging to the technical field of lead-acid battery processing equipment. The separator for crushed lead-acid batteries comprises a first-stage separator and a second-stage separator. The first-stage separator mainly comprises a filter body, the filter body is used for primary filtering of a crushed mixed liquid, and a filter tank in the second-stage separator is used for secondary filtering of the crushed mixed liquid. The separator provided by the present invention effectively separates the components in the crushed materials by setting the first-stage separator and the second-stage separator and using industrial brine as a separation medium, so as to achieve effective recycling and utilization, rationalize resource utilization, reduce harm to human health and the ecological environment, realize continuous operation and process control, and improve the efficiency of recycling old lead-acid batteries.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of lead-acid battery processing equipment, in particular to a lead-acid battery crusher separator. Background Art

[0002] There are usually two forms of recycling of waste lead-acid batteries: dismantling and crushing and separation. However, both methods inevitably form a large number of broken materials, especially the crushing and separation method. The broken materials are a mixture, including lead particles, plastics, lead mud, electrolyte, etc. In practice, the separation effect has always been affected by factors such as high water consumption in the separation process, incomplete separation, high separation power consumption, and long separation cycle. The degree of popularization in my country is relatively low, and most of the imported equipment is in a state of disuse. The use of manual disassembly methods causes great harm to the ecological environment and human health. The broken materials of waste lead-acid batteries mainly include particles such as hard plastics, soft plastics, lead mud, and lead metal blocks, which cannot be effectively separated, thus affecting the recycling of acid and lead metal in lead-acid batteries.

[0003] In the existing technology, the hydraulic separation or cyclone separation and screening equipment of the CX crushing and sorting process and the MA crushing and sorting process have a low degree of integration, occupy a large area, are difficult to maintain, and their production scale is not compatible with my country's recycling and disposal capabilities. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a lead-acid battery crusher separator, which solves the problem that the manual disassembly and recycling of old lead-acid batteries in the prior art is inefficient and cannot effectively separate the useful components in the crushed materials of the waste lead-acid batteries.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned invention object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a lead-acid battery crushing material separator is provided, which includes a first-stage separator, the first-stage separator includes a filter body, the filter body is a hollow cone with two ends open; the small diameter end of the filter body is vertically downward, and the large diameter end is vertically upward;

[0006] A cylindrical screen with the same diameter as the large diameter end of the filter body is arranged, and the cylindrical screen is a hollow cylindrical structure with openings at both ends, and a plurality of sieve holes are evenly arranged on the side wall of the cylindrical screen;

[0007] One end of the drum screen is fixedly connected to the large diameter end of the filter body, and the other end is fixedly provided with a feed column;

[0008] The sealing sleeve on the outer wall of the drum screen is provided with a screen chamber, which is used to collect the lead mud filtered out by the drum screen; the outer wall of the screen chamber is provided with a screen pipe communicating with the interior thereof;

[0009] The feeding column comprises a feeding barrel, which is a hollow cylindrical structure with one end open. The open end of the feeding barrel is fixedly connected to the drum screen. A feeding pipe communicating with the inside of the feeding barrel is provided on the side wall of the feeding barrel. The feeding pipe is fixedly connected to the side wall of the feeding barrel along the tangent direction of the feeding barrel.

[0010] An overflow pipe with a right-angle bend is provided on the feed column. One end of the overflow pipe passes through the top of the feed barrel and extends to the inside of the drum screen, and the other end is a right-angle bend and the opening direction is the outside direction of the feed barrel.

[0011] The broken materials of waste lead-acid batteries mainly include lead mud, lead blocks and ABS plastic. The separator uses industrial brine as the separation medium. The broken materials of lead-acid batteries are mixed with industrial brine in proportion, and then enter the separator from the feed pipe of the feed column with a certain injection pressure. The mixed liquid flows through the filter body, causing the mixed liquid to produce spiral motion. The different densities and particle sizes of the broken materials cause different centrifugal forces, and the mixed liquid is separated in the industrial brine. In the process of separating the mixed liquid, under the action of the centrifugal field, the lead blocks and lead mud in the mixed liquid make an external spiral motion, but the larger particles of lead blocks cannot pass through the sieve holes, so the lead blocks are on the sieve and are discharged from the small-diameter port of the filter body; the lead mud in the mixed liquid passes through the sieve cylinder with sieve holes, is collected in the under-sieve chamber, and is discharged through the under-sieve pipe; light plastics, some lead mud, foam, bundles and most unnecessary foreign impurities make an internal spiral motion and are discharged from the overflow port. The separator provided by the present invention can effectively separate the components in the crushed material to achieve effective recycling, rationalize resource utilization, reduce harm to human health and the ecological environment, realize continuous operation and process control, and improve the efficiency of recycling old lead-acid batteries.

[0012] Preferably, a filter tip is fixedly provided on the small diameter end of the filter body, the filter tip is a hollow cone, the large diameter end of the filter tip is fixedly connected to the small diameter end of the filter body, and the diameter of the small diameter end of the filter tip is 30 mm. This prevents the sinking materials in the mixed liquid from being discharged smoothly due to the small diameter end of the filter tip being too small, causing extrusion separation, deteriorating the sorting effect, and causing the sand settling port to be blocked in severe cases.

[0013] Furthermore, in order to seal the large diameter end and the drum screen to prevent leakage of the mixed liquid from the connection between the two, the large diameter end of the filter body and the drum screen are respectively provided with a convex flange and a concave flange, and the large diameter end of the filter body and the drum screen are sealed by the convex flange and the concave flange.

[0014] Preferably, in order to allow the drum screen to filter out the lead mud in the crushed material mixture and effectively separate the various components in the crushed material, the diameter of the multiple sieve holes on the drum screen are all 0.3 mm, and the mesh number of the sieve holes is 60 meshes.

[0015] Furthermore, in order to clean the slag layer on the screen surface of the drum screen, a rotary valve seat is provided inside the drum screen; the rotary valve seat is a hollow cylinder, the top and bottom surfaces of the rotary valve seat are provided with through holes, a water pipe is provided on the top of the rotary valve seat, a retaining ring is provided on one end of the water pipe, one end of the water pipe passes through the through hole and is provided in the rotary valve seat, the retaining ring contacts the inner wall of the top of the rotary valve seat, the other end of the water pipe is connected to the external high-pressure water source, the water pipe is movably connected to the rotary valve seat, and the rotary valve seat can rotate around the central axis of the water pipe; two water spray pipes connected to the inside are provided on the side wall of the rotary valve seat, and the free end ports of the two water spray pipes are located at the top of the drum screen and in opposite directions; a conical sealing cover is fixed in the through hole on the bottom surface of the rotary valve seat. To prevent the sieve holes on the drum screen from being blocked; the water spray pipe driven by water power rotates together with the crushed material mixture. When the water spray pipe rotates at high speed under the impetus of the high-pressure water sent by the water pipe, an intermittent squeezing effect is formed on the sieve holes on the screen surface of the drum screen.

[0016] Preferably, the water spray pipe is made of high manganese steel, and the diameter of the water spray pipe port is 3 mm, so as to strengthen the overall strength of the water spray pipe, increase the service life of the water spray pipe, and maintain the stability of the separator.

[0017] Furthermore, the lead-acid battery crusher separator also includes a second-stage separator, which includes a filter tank in the shape of a hollow cone with openings at both ends, a feed cylinder is fixedly provided at the large-diameter end of the filter tank, the feed cylinder is a hollow cylindrical structure with one end open, and a feed pipe is provided on the side wall of the feed cylinder along its tangent direction; a discharge pipe is provided on the top of the feed cylinder, and the discharge pipe is connected to the inside of the feed cylinder; a sand settling spout is fixedly connected to the small-diameter end of the filter tank, the sand settling spout is a hollow cylinder with openings at both ends, and the hollow shape is conical, and the hollow large-diameter end of the sand settling spout is fixedly connected to the small-diameter end of the filter tank.

[0018] The second-stage separator is used for secondary separation of the crushed material mixture flowing out from the small-diameter end of the filter body of the first-stage separator. The secondary separated crushed material mixture makes a spiral motion in the filter tank of the second-stage separator. The second-stage separator is mainly used to separate part of the lead mud and part of the lead metal blocks in the secondary separated crushed material mixture.

[0019] Preferably, the diameter of the small opening of the sand spit is 30 mm.

[0020] Preferably, the diameters of the overflow pipe and the discharge pipe are both 100 mm.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention provides a first-stage separator and a second-stage separator, uses industrial brine as a separation medium, and effectively separates the components in the crushed material to achieve effective recycling, rationalize resource utilization, reduce harm to human health and the ecological environment, realize continuous operation and process control, and improve the efficiency of recycling old lead-acid batteries.

[0022] The separator provided by the present invention forms an integrated system with a pressure pump and a circulating brine tank. The separation factor is controlled by a high-pressure material pump, so pump pressure and flow rate can be adjusted in actual use to maintain an appropriate separation factor to ensure effective separation of particles of different densities in the crushed material. The internal screen of the separation uses high-pressure brine to clean slag, so the screening efficiency is improved; the brine is always circulated in the separator, the pressure pump pipeline, and the brine tank, so that the water consumption can be greatly reduced to achieve effective recycling and realize continuous operation and process control. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the first-stage separator.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the second-stage separator.

[0025] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Enlarged structural diagram at A in the middle.

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the partial cross-sectional structure of the rotary valve seat.

[0027] Among them, 1. first-stage separator; 2. filter body; 3. drum screen; 4. feed column; 401. ore barrel; 402. ore pipe; 5. underscreen chamber; 6. underscreen pipe; 7. overflow pipe; 8. filter tip; 9. convex flange; 10. concave flange; 11. rotary valve seat; 12. water pipe; 13. retaining ring; 14. water spray pipe; 15. conical sealing cover; 16. second-stage separator; 17. filter tank; 18. feed barrel; 19. feed pipe; 20. discharge pipe; 21. sand settling nozzle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are described below so that those skilled in the art can understand the present invention. However, it should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific implementation modes. For those of ordinary skill in the art, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and determined by the attached claims, these changes are obvious, and all inventions and creations utilizing the concept of the present invention are protected.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the present invention provides a lead-acid battery crushing separator, which includes a first-stage separator 1, the first-stage separator 1 includes a filter body 2, the filter body 2 is a hollow cone with two ends open; the small diameter end of the filter body 2 is vertically downward, and the large diameter end is vertically upward;

[0031] A filter tip 8 is fixedly arranged on the small diameter end of the filter body 2. The filter tip 8 is a hollow cone. The large diameter end of the filter tip 8 is fixedly connected to the small diameter end of the filter body 2. The diameter of the small diameter end of the filter tip 8 is 30 mm. This prevents the sinking materials in the mixed liquid from being discharged smoothly due to the small diameter end of the filter tip 8, causing extrusion separation, deteriorating the sorting effect, and causing the sand settling port to be blocked in severe cases.

[0032] A cylindrical screen 3 with the same diameter as the filter body 2 is arranged on the large diameter end thereof. A convex flange 9 and a concave flange 10 are respectively provided on the large diameter end of the filter body 2 and the cylindrical screen 3. The large diameter end of the filter body 2 and the cylindrical screen 3 are sealed and connected by the convex flange 9 and the concave flange 10 to prevent the mixed liquid from leaking from the connection between the two, causing additional processing work and environmental pollution.

[0033] The drum screen 3 is a hollow cylindrical structure with openings at both ends, and a plurality of sieve holes are evenly arranged on the side wall of the drum screen 3; the diameters of the plurality of sieve holes on the drum screen 3 are all 0.3 mm, and the mesh number of the sieve holes is 60 meshes. The drum screen 3 can filter out the lead mud in the crushed material mixture, effectively separate the various components in the crushed material, and improve the separation effect.

[0034] One end of the drum screen 3 is fixedly connected to the large diameter end of the filter body 2, and the other end is fixedly provided with a feed column 4;

[0035] The sealing sleeve on the outer wall of the drum screen 3 is provided with a screen chamber 5, which is used to collect the lead mud filtered out by the drum screen 3; a screen pipe 6 connected to the interior of the screen chamber 5 is provided on the outer wall of the screen chamber 5; the screen pipe 6 removes the lead mud in the screen chamber 5, thereby completing the collection of the lead mud in the crushed material mixture.

[0036] The feed column 4 includes a ore barrel 401, which is a hollow cylindrical structure with one end open. The open end of the ore barrel 401 is fixedly connected to the drum screen 3. The side wall of the ore barrel 401 is provided with a feed pipe 402 connected to the inside thereof. The feed pipe 402 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the ore barrel 401 along the tangent direction of the feed barrel 401; it enters the separator from the feed pipe 402 of the feed column 4 with a certain injection pressure, and the injection pressure is 12-15MPa. The mixed liquid flows through the filter body 2, causing the mixed liquid to generate spiral motion. The setting position of the ore barrel 401 makes it easier for the mixed liquid in the filter body 2 to generate spiral motion, thereby improving the separation effect.

[0037] The feed column 4 is provided with an overflow pipe 7 with a right-angle bend, one end of which passes through the top of the feed cylinder 401 and extends to the inside of the drum screen 3, and the other end is a right-angle bend and the opening direction is the outside direction of the feed column 4. The overflow pipe 7 is used to discharge light plastics, part of the lead mud, foam, bundles and most of the unnecessary foreign impurities, completing the preliminary separation of the mixed liquid of the lead-acid battery crushed material.

[0038] In order to clean the slag layer on the screen surface of the drum screen 3, a rotary valve seat 11 is provided inside the drum screen 3; the rotary valve seat 11 is a hollow cylinder, and the top and bottom surfaces of the rotary valve seat 11 are both provided with through holes, and a water pipe 12 is provided on the top of the rotary valve seat 11, and a retaining ring 13 is provided on one end of the water pipe 12, and one end of the water pipe 12 passes through the through hole and is arranged in the rotary valve seat 11, and the retaining ring 13 contacts the inner wall of the top of the rotary valve seat 11, and the other end of the water pipe 12 is connected with an external high-pressure water source, and the water pipe 12 is movably connected with the rotary valve seat 11, and the rotary valve seat 11 can rotate around the central axis of the water pipe 12; two water spray pipes 14 connected with the interior of the rotary valve seat 11 are provided on the side wall of the rotary valve seat 11, and the free end ports of the two water spray pipes 14 are located at the top of the drum screen 3 and in opposite directions; a conical sealing cover 15 is fixedly provided in the through hole on the bottom surface of the rotary valve seat 11. Prevent the sieve holes on the drum screen 3 from being blocked; use a water-powered water spray pipe 14 to rotate together with the crushed material mixture. When the water spray pipe 14 rotates at high speed under the impetus of the high-pressure water sent by the water pipe 12, it forms an intermittent squeezing effect on the sieve holes on the screen surface of the drum screen 3. The material of the water spray pipe 14 can be high manganese steel, and the diameter of the port of the water spray pipe 14 is 3mm. Strengthen the overall strength of the water spray pipe 14, increase the service life of the water spray pipe 14, and maintain the stability of the separator. The water spray pipe 14 has a row of small holes for reverse water spraying, equipped with high-pressure brine above 16MPa. The gap between the water spray pipe 14 and the screen wall is 5-10 times the particle size of the sieve hole.

[0039] Example 2

[0040] like Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment is further limited on the basis of Embodiment 1, the lead-acid battery crushing separator also includes a second-stage separator 16, the second-stage separator 16 includes a filter tank 17 in the shape of a hollow cone with openings at both ends, a feed cylinder 18 is fixedly provided at the large diameter end of the filter tank 17, the feed cylinder 18 is a hollow cylindrical structure with one end open, and a feed pipe 19 is provided on the side wall of the feed cylinder 18 along its tangent direction; a discharge pipe 20 is provided on the top of the feed cylinder 18, and the discharge pipe 20 is connected to the inside of the feed cylinder 18; a sand settling spout 21 is fixedly connected to the small diameter end of the filter tank 17, the sand settling spout 21 is a hollow cylinder with openings at both ends, and the hollow shape is conical, and the hollow large diameter end of the sand settling spout 21 is fixedly connected to the small diameter end of the filter tank 17.

[0041] The second-stage separator 16 is used for secondary separation of the crushed material mixed liquid flowing out from the small-diameter end of the filter body 2 of the first-stage separator 1. The secondary separated crushed material mixed liquid makes a spiral motion in the filter tank 17 in the second-stage separator 16. The second-stage separator 16 is mainly used to separate part of the lead mud and part of the lead metal blocks in the secondary separated crushed material mixed liquid; the medium and light weight components in the crushed material mixed liquid are discharged from the outside of the filter tank 17 through the discharge pipe, and the sand setting nozzle 21 is used to discharge the lead mud and lead blocks in the crushed material mixed liquid, completing the secondary separation of the crushed material mixed liquid, further improving the separation effect of the separator, and improving the efficiency of recovering the effective components of old lead-acid batteries.

[0042] Preferably, the small opening diameter of the sand settling spout 21 is 30 mm.

[0043] Preferably, the diameters of the overflow pipe 7 and the discharge pipe 20 are both 100 mm.

[0044] Preferably, the parts in contact with the broken lead-acid battery are all cast parts made of wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials.

[0045] The specific implementation methods described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific implementation method of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lead-acid battery crushing separator, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first-stage separator (1), wherein the first-stage separator (1) comprises a filter body (2), wherein the filter body (2) is a hollow cone with openings at both ends; the small-diameter end of the filter body (2) is arranged vertically downward, and the large-diameter end is arranged vertically upward; A cylindrical screen (3) having the same diameter as the filter body (2) is arranged on the large-diameter end thereof, wherein the cylindrical screen (3) is a hollow cylindrical structure with openings at both ends, and a plurality of sieve holes are evenly arranged on the side wall of the cylindrical screen (3); One end of the drum screen (3) is fixedly connected to the large diameter end of the filter body (2), and the other end is fixedly provided with a feed column (4); The outer wall sealing sleeve of the drum screen (3) is provided with a screen chamber (5), and the screen chamber (5) is used to collect the lead mud filtered out by the drum screen (3); the outer wall of the screen chamber (5) is provided with a screen pipe (6) connected with the interior thereof; The feeding column (4) comprises a feeding barrel (401), the feeding barrel (401) is a hollow cylindrical structure with one end open, the open end of the feeding barrel (401) is fixedly connected to the drum screen (3), a feeding pipe (402) communicating with the inside of the feeding barrel (401) is provided on the side wall of the feeding barrel (401), and the feeding pipe (402) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the feeding barrel (401) along the tangent direction of the feeding barrel (401); An overflow pipe (7) with a right-angle bend is provided on the feed column (4), one end of the overflow pipe (7) passes through the top of the feed cylinder (401) and extends to the inside of the drum screen (3), and the other end is a right-angle bend and the opening direction is the outside direction of the feed column (4); A rotary valve seat (11) is provided inside the drum screen (3); the rotary valve seat (11) is a hollow cylinder, the top and bottom surfaces of the rotary valve seat (11) are both provided with through holes, a water pipe (12) is provided on the top of the rotary valve seat (11), a retaining ring (13) is provided on one end of the water pipe (12), one end of the water pipe (12) passes through the through hole and is provided in the rotary valve seat (11), the retaining ring (13) contacts the inner wall of the top of the rotary valve seat (11), the other end of the water pipe (12) is connected to an external high-pressure water source, the water pipe (12) is movably connected to the rotary valve seat (11), and the rotary valve seat (11) can rotate around the central axis of the water pipe (12); Two water spray pipes (14) are provided on the side wall of the rotary valve seat (11) and are in communication with the interior thereof. The free end ports of the two water spray pipes (14) are located at the top of the drum screen (3) and in opposite directions. A conical sealing cover (15) is fixedly provided in the through hole on the bottom surface of the rotary valve seat (11); A convex flange (9) and a concave flange (10) are respectively arranged on the large-diameter end of the filter body (2) and the cylindrical screen (3); the large-diameter end of the filter body (2) and the cylindrical screen (3) are sealed and connected via the convex flange (9) and the concave flange (10).

2. According to the lead-acid battery crushing separator according to claim 1, a filter tip (8) is fixedly provided on the small diameter end of the filter body (2), and the filter tip (8) is a hollow cone. The large diameter end of the filter tip (8) is fixedly connected to the small diameter end of the filter body (2), and the diameter of the small diameter end of the filter tip (8) is 30 mm.

3. A lead-acid battery crushing separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameters of the multiple sieve holes on the drum screen (3) are all 0.3 mm, and the mesh size of the sieve holes is 60 meshes.

4. A lead-acid battery crushing separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water spray pipe (14) is made of high manganese steel, and the diameter of the water spray pipe (14) port is 3 mm.

5. A lead-acid battery crushing separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a second-stage separator (16), which comprises a filter tank (17) in the shape of a hollow cone with openings at both ends, a feed cylinder (18) being fixedly provided at the large-diameter end of the filter tank (17), the feed cylinder (18) being a hollow cylindrical structure with one end open, a feed pipe (19) being provided on the side wall of the feed cylinder (18) along its tangent direction; a discharge pipe (20) being provided at the top of the feed cylinder (18), the discharge pipe (20) being communicated with the inside of the feed cylinder (18); a sand settling nozzle (21) being fixedly connected at the small-diameter end of the filter tank (17), the sand settling nozzle (21) being a hollow cylinder with openings at both ends, the hollow shape being a cone, the hollow large-diameter end of the sand settling nozzle (21) being fixedly connected to the small-diameter end of the filter tank (17).

6. A lead-acid battery crushing separator according to claim 5, characterized in that: The diameter of the small opening of the sand settling spout (21) is 30 mm.

7. A lead-acid battery crushing separator according to claim 6, characterized in that: The diameters of the overflow pipe (7) and the discharge pipe (20) are both 100 mm.

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