A tapered roller ball base surface grinding ultra-precision integrated machine tool

Abstract

The present invention discloses an integrated machine tool for grinding and ultra-finishing the ball base surface of a tapered roller, and belongs to the technical field of ultra-finishing of tapered rollers. The existing equipment for grinding the ball base surface of a tapered roller has problems such as difficulty in adjustment, unstable dimensional accuracy, and long changeover time. The present invention comprises a bed, a workpiece positioning and arranging mechanism, a tapered roller ball base surface grinding mechanism, an ultra-finishing mechanism, and a finishing mechanism. The tapered roller of the present invention directly performs ultra-finishing work after the ball base surface grinding is completed, thereby improving the roughness of the tapered roller. The present invention not only improves the dimensional accuracy of the ball base surface, but also saves the time for changeover, reduces the difficulty of adjustment, and can meet production needs without the need for other auxiliary equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of tapered roller ultra-precision, and in particular relates to an integrated machine tool for ultra-precision grinding of a tapered roller ball base surface. Background Art

[0002] Currently, equipment used to grind the ball base of tapered rollers suffers from numerous issues, including difficulty adjusting, unstable dimensional accuracy, and long changeover times. Furthermore, purchasing foreign equipment is expensive, has a long after-sales service cycle, and requires auxiliary equipment to achieve comparable technical specifications. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the problems that the existing equipment for grinding the ball base surface of tapered rollers has, such as difficult adjustment, unstable dimensional accuracy, and long changeover time, the present invention aims to provide an integrated machine tool for ultra-precision grinding of the ball base surface of tapered rollers, which has the characteristics of saving changeover time and high production efficiency.

[0004] To this end, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a tapered roller ball base surface grinding and ultra-precision integrated machine tool, comprising a bed, a workpiece positioning and arranging mechanism, a tapered roller ball base surface grinding mechanism, an ultra-precision mechanism and a finishing mechanism;

[0005] The workpiece positioning and arrangement mechanism includes an upper workpiece shaft mechanism and a lower workpiece shaft mechanism, the upper workpiece shaft mechanism includes an upper workpiece shaft, an upper workpiece chuck and an upper workpiece shaft rotation drive mechanism, the upper workpiece shaft rotation drive mechanism is installed on the column formed on the rear side of the bed, the upper workpiece shaft is transmission-connected to the upper workpiece shaft rotation drive mechanism, the upper workpiece chuck is fixedly installed at the bottom of the upper workpiece shaft, and the upper workpiece shaft mechanism is driven up and down by the upper workpiece shaft lifting drive mechanism; the lower workpiece shaft mechanism includes a lower workpiece shaft, a lower workpiece chuck, a workpiece material dividing isolation plate and a lower workpiece shaft rotation drive mechanism, the lower workpiece The chuck and the workpiece dividing isolation disk are sequentially mounted on the top of the lower workpiece shaft from bottom to top, the bottom of the lower workpiece shaft is transmission-connected to the lower workpiece shaft rotation drive mechanism, and the lower workpiece shaft rotation drive mechanism is mounted on the bed; the driving rotation directions of the upper workpiece shaft rotation drive mechanism and the lower workpiece shaft rotation drive mechanism are opposite; a plurality of workpiece receiving grooves evenly distributed along the circumference are provided at the outer edge of the workpiece dividing isolation disk, and the upper workpiece chuck is directly opposite to the lower workpiece chuck; a loading mechanism, a unloading mechanism and at least one group of the super-precision mechanisms facing the receiving grooves are provided in the circumferential direction of the workpiece dividing isolation disk;

[0006] The tapered roller ball base grinding mechanism includes a grinding wheel, a grinding wheel drive mechanism, an X-axis feed mechanism and a Y-axis feed mechanism. The grinding wheel is connected to the grinding wheel drive mechanism in a transmission manner. The grinding wheel drive mechanism is installed on the slide of the Y-axis feed mechanism. The Y-axis feed mechanism is installed on the slide of the X-axis feed mechanism.

[0007] The trimming mechanism is arranged on the bed.

[0008] As a supplement and improvement to the above technical solution, the present invention also includes the following technical features.

[0009] The trimming mechanism includes a correction diamond pen, a fixing seat, a diamond pen connecting arm and a connecting arm lifting drive mechanism. The diamond pen is installed on the diamond pen seat. The diamond pen connecting arm is L-shaped. The diamond pen seat is installed at one end of the diamond pen connecting arm. The other end of the diamond pen connecting arm is movably hinged to the fixing seat through a rotating shaft. The connecting arm lifting drive mechanism is connected to the middle section of the diamond pen connecting arm.

[0010] The upper workpiece shaft mechanism is installed on a workbench, and the workbench is slidably installed on the column through guide rails and sliders. The workbench is driven to rise and fall by the upper workpiece shaft lifting drive mechanism.

[0011] The upper workpiece shaft lifting drive mechanism is a screw-nut pair mechanism driven manually and / or electrically.

[0012] The upper workpiece shaft rotation driving mechanism and the lower workpiece shaft rotation driving mechanism are motors.

[0013] A plurality of hollow placement racks are formed on the upright column.

[0014] The grinding wheel driving mechanism is an electric spindle.

[0015] The ultra-precision mechanism includes a cylinder, an oilstone push plate, an oilstone pressure plate and an oilstone. The oilstone push plate is connected to the piston rod of the cylinder through a connecting seat. The oilstone pressure plate is arranged on the oilstone push plate. The oilstone is arranged on the front side between the oilstone push plate and the oilstone pressure plate and faces the accommodating groove.

[0016] Multiple groups of the ultra-precision mechanisms are installed through a base plate, which is arc-shaped and has multiple long grooves arranged in the radial direction. The cylinder seat for fixing the cylinder is provided with mounting holes that match the long grooves; multiple adjustment plates are provided under the base plate, and T-slots are provided on the adjustment plates. Support columns are provided in the T-slots, and the tops of the support columns are connected to the base plate.

[0017] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: the tapered roller enters the receiving groove of the workpiece dividing and isolating disc through the feeding mechanism. The bottom of the upper chuck and the bottom of the lower chuck clamp the workpiece. The workpiece rotates relative to itself due to friction and moves forward into the grinding area of the grinding wheel. The contact grinding brought about by the rotation of the grinding wheel and the workpiece realizes the grinding of the spherical base surface of the tapered roller. After the grinding is completed, it is guided by the enclosure provided on the outside of the workpiece dividing and isolating disc into the circumferential super-finishing area. The self-rotation of the tapered roller and the pressurized oilstone area realize the super-finishing of the spherical base surface of the tapered roller. After super-finishing by the oilstone, it reaches the tail end discharge port and then enters the next process to continue production.

[0018] The present invention achieves the following beneficial effects: 1. Superfinishing of the tapered rollers is performed directly after grinding the spherical base surface, thereby improving the roughness of the tapered rollers. This not only improves the dimensional accuracy of the spherical base surface, but also saves time during changeovers, reduces the difficulty of adjustments, and can meet production requirements without the need for additional auxiliary equipment.

[0019] 2. The equipment investment cost of the present invention is much lower than that of foreign equipment, and it has the characteristics of high processing precision and fast changeover speed.

[0020] 3. This invention replaces the grinding wheel assembly and uses servo interpolation to trim the grinding wheel into an inclined surface, allowing for simultaneous grinding of the upper and lower tooling chucks. Servo trimming improves the accuracy of the grinding wheel angle and the grinding disc. Simultaneous grinding of the upper and lower tooling chucks saves grinding disc time during tooling changes and improves tool change efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the upper workpiece axis mechanism of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the lower workpiece shaft mechanism of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the tapered roller ball base surface grinding mechanism of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the ultra-precision mechanism of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the ultra-precision mechanism mortgage structure of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the trimming mechanism of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The described embodiments are only for illustration and explanation of the present invention and do not constitute the sole limitation of the present invention.

[0029] like Figure 1-Figure 7 As shown, the present invention comprises a bed 1, a workpiece positioning and arranging mechanism 3, a tapered roller ball base surface grinding mechanism 2, a superfinishing mechanism 4 and a dressing mechanism 5.

[0030] The workpiece positioning and arranging mechanism 3 includes an upper workpiece axis mechanism and a lower workpiece axis mechanism. The upper workpiece axis mechanism includes an upper workpiece axis 31, an upper workpiece chuck 32 and an upper workpiece axis rotation drive mechanism 33. The upper workpiece axis rotation drive mechanism 33 is installed on the upper workpiece axis lifting drive mechanism 6 formed on the rear side of the bed. The upper workpiece axis 31 is transmission-connected to the upper workpiece axis rotation drive mechanism 33. The upper workpiece chuck 32 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the upper workpiece axis 31. The upper workpiece axis mechanism is driven to rise and fall by the upper workpiece axis lifting drive mechanism 6; the lower workpiece axis mechanism includes a lower workpiece axis 36, a lower workpiece chuck 37, a workpiece material dividing isolation plate 38 and a lower workpiece axis rotation drive mechanism. The lower workpiece chuck 37 and the workpiece material dividing isolation plate 38 are sequentially mounted on the top of the lower workpiece axis 36 from bottom to top, and the bottom of the lower workpiece axis 36 is aligned with the lower workpiece axis. The upper workpiece shaft rotation drive mechanism is connected to the lower workpiece shaft rotation drive mechanism, and the lower workpiece shaft rotation drive mechanism is installed on the bed 1; the driving rotation directions of the upper workpiece shaft rotation drive mechanism and the lower workpiece shaft rotation drive mechanism are opposite; a plurality of workpiece receiving grooves evenly distributed along the circumference are opened at the outer edge of the workpiece dividing isolation disk 38, and the upper workpiece chuck 32 is opposite to the lower workpiece chuck 37; the circumferential direction of the workpiece dividing isolation disk 38 is provided with a loading mechanism 7, a unloading mechanism 8 and up to 4 groups of super-finishing mechanisms 4 facing the receiving grooves, the super-finishing mechanism includes a cylinder 42, an oilstone push plate 43, an oilstone pressure plate 44 and an oilstone 41, the oilstone push plate 43 is connected to the piston rod of the cylinder 42 through a connecting seat, the oilstone pressure plate 44 is arranged on the oilstone push plate 43, and the oilstone 41 is arranged on the front side between the oilstone push plate 43 and the oilstone pressure plate 44 and facing the said receiving groove. Three sets of circumferentially arranged super-precision mechanisms are mounted on a base plate 45. This base plate 45 is curved and has multiple radially extending slots. The cylinder seat, which secures the cylinders, is equipped with mounting holes that mate with the slots. Below the base plate 45, multiple adjustment plates 46 are provided with T-slots. Support columns 47 are located within the T-slots, and the tops of the support columns 47 are connected to the base plate 45. The tapered roller ball base grinding mechanism includes a grinding wheel 21, a grinding wheel drive mechanism 22, an X-axis feed mechanism 23, and a Y-axis feed mechanism 24. The grinding wheel is in transmission connection with the grinding wheel drive mechanism, which is transmission-mounted on the slide of the Y-axis feed mechanism, which is mounted on the slide of the X-axis feed mechanism. The grinding wheel faces the side of the receiving groove.

[0031] The trimming mechanism is arranged on the bed 1, and the trimming mechanism includes a diamond pen 51, a fixed seat 53, a diamond pen connecting arm 52 and a connecting arm lifting drive mechanism 54. The diamond pen 51 is installed on the diamond pen seat, the diamond pen connecting arm 52 is L-shaped, the diamond pen seat is installed at one end of the diamond pen connecting arm 52, and the other end of the diamond pen connecting arm 52 is hinged to the fixed seat 53 through a rotating shaft. The connecting arm lifting drive mechanism 54 is connected to the middle section of the diamond pen connecting arm 52.

[0032] As a preferred embodiment, the upper workpiece shaft mechanism is mounted on a worktable 39. The worktable 39 is slidably mounted on the upper workpiece shaft lifting drive mechanism 6 via guide rails and sliders. The worktable 39 is driven up and down by the upper workpiece shaft lifting drive mechanism. The upper workpiece shaft lifting drive mechanism comprises a hand crank and a motor in conjunction with a reduction motor. The reduction motor 34 is connected to the worktable via a screw-nut assembly.

[0033] As an embodiment, preferably, the upper workpiece shaft rotation driving mechanism and the lower workpiece shaft rotation driving mechanism are motors.

[0034] As a preferred embodiment, a plurality of hollow placement racks 35 are formed on the upper workpiece shaft lifting drive mechanism 6 .

[0035] As an embodiment preferably, the grinding wheel drive mechanism 22 is an electric spindle. As an embodiment preferably, all motors, cylinders and electric spindles are covered by dust covers.

[0036] This machine utilizes a single-column gantry design, with the upper axis moving at the center of the workpiece axis. This significantly improves the chuck's load point, ensuring more uniform and stable force on the tapered rollers. The chuck's top motorized lift and manual fine adjustment maximize adjustment accuracy, enabling high-precision quantitative adjustment.

[0037] In addition, the present invention also adopts a refined electronic display device to provide quantitative visual operation for equipment adjustment and provide a visual solution for achieving precise adjustment of the equipment. The equipment adopts a lifting and tilting grinding wheel dresser to avoid the trouble of repeated installation and removal of the grinding wheel during grinding, and is semi-automatic, convenient and fast. The present invention adopts a self-developed high-precision multi-stage compensation dressing grinding wheel, which can set the grinding wheel compensation amount in sections according to user needs, and is used to reduce the linear dimensional changes caused by dressing during the grinding process. The present invention provides a high-precision self-centering super-finishing mechanism and an oilstone anti-collision device, which are used to improve the previous super-finishing oilstone that does not pass the center of the workpiece, resulting in large precision dispersion after super-finishing, and is provided with an oilstone anti-collision device to reduce the breakage of the oilstone during the super-finishing process.

Claims

1. A tapered roller ball base surface grinding ultra-precision integrated machine tool, characterized by: The tapered roller ball base surface grinding and ultra-precision integrated machine tool comprises a bed (1), a workpiece positioning and arranging mechanism (3), a tapered roller ball base surface grinding mechanism (2), an ultra-precision mechanism (4) and a finishing mechanism (5); The workpiece positioning and arranging mechanism (3) includes an upper workpiece axis mechanism and a lower workpiece axis mechanism, the upper workpiece axis mechanism includes an upper workpiece axis (31), an upper workpiece chuck (32) and an upper workpiece axis rotation drive mechanism (33), the upper workpiece axis rotation drive mechanism (33) is installed on the upper workpiece axis lifting drive mechanism (6) formed on the rear side of the bed, the upper workpiece axis (31) is connected to the upper workpiece axis rotation drive mechanism (33) by transmission, the upper workpiece chuck (32) is fixedly installed on the bottom of the upper workpiece axis (31), and the upper workpiece axis mechanism is driven to rise and fall by the upper workpiece axis lifting drive mechanism (6); the lower workpiece axis mechanism includes a lower workpiece axis (36), A lower workpiece chuck (37), a workpiece material separation isolation plate (38) and a lower workpiece shaft rotation drive mechanism, wherein the lower workpiece chuck (37) and the workpiece material separation isolation plate (38) are sequentially mounted on the top of the lower workpiece shaft (36) from bottom to top, the bottom of the lower workpiece shaft (36) is transmission-connected to the lower workpiece shaft rotation drive mechanism, and the lower workpiece shaft rotation drive mechanism is mounted on the bed (1); the upper workpiece shaft rotation drive mechanism and the lower workpiece shaft rotation drive mechanism have opposite driving rotation directions; a plurality of workpiece receiving grooves uniformly distributed along the circumference are provided at the outer edge of the workpiece material separation isolation plate (38), and the upper workpiece chuck (32) is directly opposite to the lower workpiece chuck (37); The workpiece material separation disc (38) is provided with a loading mechanism (7), a unloading mechanism (8) and at least one set of the super-precision mechanism (4) facing the receiving groove in the circumferential direction; The tapered roller ball base surface grinding mechanism comprises a grinding wheel (21), a grinding wheel driving mechanism (22), an X-axial feeding mechanism (23) and a Y-axial feeding mechanism (24), wherein the grinding wheel is connected to the grinding wheel driving mechanism in a transmission manner, the grinding wheel driving mechanism is installed on a slide of the Y-axial feeding mechanism, and the Y-axial feeding mechanism is installed on a slide of the X-axial feeding mechanism; The trimming mechanism is arranged on the bed (1); the trimming mechanism comprises a diamond pen (51), a fixing seat (53), a diamond pen connecting arm (52) and a connecting arm lifting drive mechanism (54); the diamond pen (51) is mounted on the diamond pen seat; the diamond pen connecting arm (52) is L-shaped; the diamond pen seat is mounted on one end of the diamond pen connecting arm (52); the other end of the diamond pen connecting arm (52) is movably hinged to the fixing seat (53) through a rotating shaft; and the connecting arm lifting drive mechanism (54) is connected to the middle section of the diamond pen connecting arm (52); The upper workpiece shaft mechanism is mounted on a workbench (39), the workbench (39) is slidably mounted on the upper workpiece shaft lifting drive mechanism (6) via a guide rail and a slider, and the workbench (39) is driven to rise and fall by the upper workpiece shaft lifting drive mechanism; The super-precision mechanism includes a cylinder (42), an oilstone push plate (43), an oilstone pressure plate (44) and an oilstone (41), wherein the oilstone push plate (43) is connected to the piston rod of the cylinder (42) via a connecting seat, the oilstone pressure plate (44) is arranged on the oilstone push plate (43), and the oilstone (41) is arranged on the front side between the oilstone push plate (43) and the oilstone pressure plate (44) and directly facing the accommodating groove; Multiple groups of the ultra-precision mechanisms are installed through a base plate (45), the base plate (45) is arc-shaped, and a plurality of radially arranged long grooves are provided on the base plate (45), and a cylinder seat for fixing the cylinder is provided with a mounting hole that matches the long grooves; a plurality of adjustment plates (46) are provided below the base plate (45), and a T-shaped slot is provided on the adjustment plate (46), and a support column (47) is provided in the T-shaped slot, and the top of the support column (47) is connected to the base plate (45).

2. The integrated machine tool for grinding and ultra-finishing the base surface of a tapered roller ball according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper workpiece shaft lifting drive mechanism is a screw-nut pair mechanism driven manually and / or electrically.

3. The integrated machine tool for grinding and ultra-finishing the base surface of a tapered roller ball according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper workpiece shaft rotation driving mechanism and the lower workpiece shaft rotation driving mechanism are motors.

4. The integrated machine tool for grinding and ultra-finishing the base surface of a tapered roller ball according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of hollow placement racks (35) are formed on the upper workpiece shaft lifting drive mechanism (6).

5. The integrated machine tool for grinding and ultra-finishing the base surface of a tapered roller ball according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grinding wheel driving mechanism (22) is an electric spindle.

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