Fuel cell stack temperature control system, control method and control device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a temperature control system, control method and control device for a fuel cell stack. The temperature control system of the fuel cell stack includes: a fuel cell stack and a fan, wherein the fan is used to provide air volume to the air duct; a variable heat dissipation air duct is arranged between the fuel cell stack and the fan, and the variable heat dissipation air duct at least includes: a plurality of heat dissipation sub-air ducts; a controller is used to adjust the number of openings or closings of the heat dissipation sub-air ducts to control the temperature of the fuel cell stack. The present invention solves the technical problem of uneven temperature distribution in the fuel cell stack in the related art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fuel temperature control, and in particular to a temperature control system, a control method and a control device for a fuel cell stack. Background Art

[0002] In the related technology, proton exchange membrane fuel cells are a new fuel source with high efficiency, low noise and low pollution. The efficiency of conventional proton exchange membrane fuel cell stacks reaches about 50%, and half of the energy will be released in the form of heat. If the heat at this time cannot be discharged in time, the temperature of the battery stack will rise sharply, which will cause the membrane to dehydrate and lead to the decline of battery stack performance. In severe cases, it will cause irreversible damage to the battery, that is, the fuel cell stack has a serious heating problem during operation. The conventional heat dissipation method of the current battery stack is to sandwich the heat sink between the cathode plate and the anode plate to form an independent heat dissipation unit, but this

[0003] The heat dissipation method of the battery stack not only increases the complexity of the battery stack design, but also brings certain challenges to the sealing of the battery stack; if a heat sink with a corrugated cross section is embedded in the cooling medium flow channel of the metal cathode plate, the heat sink position corresponds to the bottom of the cooling medium flow channel of the metal cathode plate, and then the metal cathode plate is fixed to the metal anode plate, the heat dissipation of the battery stack can be achieved, but this design process is complicated and may cause uneven temperature distribution inside the battery stack. For example, the air-cooled fuel cell battery stack has a simple flow channel design and no special heat dissipation flow channel. The battery stack has uneven surface temperature and serious heating problems, which seriously affects the performance of the battery stack and greatly reduces its working efficiency.

[0004] To address the above-mentioned problems, no effective solution has been proposed yet. Summary of the invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present invention provide a temperature control system, a control method and a control device for a fuel cell stack, so as to at least solve the technical problem of uneven temperature distribution in the fuel cell stack in the related art.

[0006] According to one aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a temperature control system for a fuel cell stack is provided, comprising: a fuel cell stack and a fan, wherein the fan is used to provide air volume to an air duct; a variable heat dissipation air duct, arranged between the fuel cell stack and the fan, the variable heat dissipation air duct comprising at least: a plurality of heat dissipation sub-air ducts; and a controller, used to adjust the number of openings or closings of the heat dissipation sub-air ducts to control the temperature of the fuel cell stack.

[0007] Optionally, the variable heat dissipation air duct includes: a plurality of valve plates, which are respectively arranged corresponding to each of the heat dissipation sub-air ducts, and are used to control the air volume provided to the corresponding area of ​​the fuel cell stack.

[0008] Optionally, the valve plate is arranged at the end of the air duct of each heat dissipation sub-air duct.

[0009] Optionally, a button for controlling the opening and closing of the valve plate is provided on the valve plate of each heat dissipating sub-duct.

[0010] Optionally, the temperature control system further includes: a solenoid valve connected to the variable heat dissipation air duct for adjusting the air volume.

[0011] Optionally, the temperature control system further includes: a first ventilation duct, arranged between the fan and the solenoid valve.

[0012] Optionally, the temperature control system also includes: an air filter, which filters impurities and pollutants in the air after inhaling the air, wherein the impurities and pollutants include at least air particulate matter; a second ventilation duct, which is arranged between the air filter and the fan, and is used to introduce the first part of the filtered air into the fuel cell stack to provide oxygen for the fuel cell stack.

[0013] Optionally, the variable heat dissipation duct, the first ventilation duct and the second ventilation duct are all consistent with the cross-sectional dimensions of the fuel cell stack.

[0014] Optionally, the temperature control system further includes: an exhaust flow channel, which is used to discharge the filtered air other than the first part of air out of the air duct, and to discharge the heat generated during the operation of the fuel cell stack.

[0015] Optionally, the temperature control system further includes: a temperature sensing module, which is arranged on the outer surface of the fuel cell stack and is used to detect the stack temperature of the fuel cell stack.

[0016] According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a temperature control method for a fuel cell stack is also provided, which is applied to the temperature control system of the fuel cell stack described in any one of the above items, and the temperature control method includes: detecting the stack temperature of the fuel cell stack; and adjusting the number of air ducts of the heat dissipation sub-duct based on the temperature range of the stack temperature so that the current temperature of the fuel cell stack reaches the target temperature.

[0017] Optionally, based on the temperature range of the stack temperature, the step of adjusting the number of air ducts of the heat dissipation sub-ducts so that the current temperature of the fuel cell stack reaches the target temperature includes: when the temperature value of the stack temperature is within a first preset temperature range, opening the first heat dissipation sub-duct so that the stack temperature of the fuel cell stack rises rapidly; when the temperature value of the stack temperature is within a second preset temperature range, opening the first heat dissipation sub-duct and the third heat dissipation sub-duct so that the stack temperature of the fuel cell stack is evenly distributed, wherein the temperature value corresponding to the second preset temperature range is greater than the temperature value corresponding to the first preset temperature range; when the temperature value of the stack temperature reaches a preset temperature threshold, opening the first heat dissipation sub-duct, the third heat dissipation sub-duct and the fifth heat dissipation sub-duct so that the stack temperature of the fuel cell stack remains stable, wherein the temperature value corresponding to the preset temperature threshold is greater than the temperature value corresponding to the second preset temperature range; when the temperature value of the stack temperature is greater than the preset temperature threshold, opening all heat dissipation sub-ducts to increase the heat dissipation speed of the fuel cell stack.

[0018] According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a control device is also provided, including: a processor; and a memory for storing executable instructions of the processor; wherein the processor is configured to execute any one of the above-mentioned fuel cell stack temperature control methods by executing the executable instructions.

[0019] According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is also provided, wherein the computer-readable storage medium includes a stored computer program, wherein when the computer program is running, the device where the computer-readable storage medium is located is controlled to execute any one of the above-mentioned fuel cell stack temperature control methods.

[0020] In the embodiment of the present invention, a fan is used to provide air volume to the air duct, and a variable heat dissipation air duct is set between the fuel cell stack and the fan. The variable heat dissipation air duct includes at least: multiple heat dissipation sub-air ducts, and the number of opening or closing of the multiple heat dissipation sub-air ducts is adjusted by a controller to control the temperature of the fuel cell stack. In this embodiment, the variable heat dissipation air duct can be used to adjust the number of opening sub-air ducts to accurately control the temperature of the battery stack, ensuring efficient and stable operation of the fuel cell, thereby solving the technical problem of uneven temperature distribution in the fuel cell stack in the related art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this application. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0022] Figure 1is a schematic diagram of an optional temperature control system for a fuel cell stack according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an optional variable heat dissipation duct according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 is a flow chart of a temperature control method for a fuel cell stack according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices. Example

[0027] The embodiments of the present invention can be applied to the temperature control environment of fuel cell stacks, the types of which include but are not limited to: air-cooled fuel cell stacks, proton exchange membrane fuel cell stacks, and the application equipment includes but is not limited to: buses, cars, logistics vehicles, unmanned vehicles, etc. Multiple ventilation ducts are used, and the ventilation ducts adjacent to the fuel cell stack include multiple variable sub-ducts. By adjusting the number of ducts opened, the temperature of the battery stack can be accurately controlled.

[0028] A fuel cell stack includes, but is not limited to, a membrane electrode, a proton exchange membrane, a plate, a catalyst, a gas diffusion layer, and a battery stack, wherein a battery stack may refer to a stack composed of multiple single cells connected in series or in parallel. The fuel cell stack and the fuel cell stack involved in the embodiments of the present invention have the same meaning.

[0029] According to one aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a temperature control system for a fuel cell stack is provided, comprising: a fuel cell stack and a fan, a variable heat dissipation duct, and a controller, wherein:

[0030] A fuel cell stack and a fan, wherein the fan is used to provide air volume to the air duct; the fuel cell stack may be an air-cooled fuel cell stack, and air is blown to the fuel cell stack by the fan to achieve stack cooling;

[0031] A variable heat dissipation duct is provided between the fuel cell stack and the fan, and the variable heat dissipation duct includes at least: a plurality of heat dissipation sub-ducts; in the embodiment of the present invention, variable means that the number of sub-ducts is variable, and the adjustment of the blowing air cooling and the wind speed is achieved by changing the number of sub-ducts;

[0032] The controller is used to adjust the number of opening or closing of the heat dissipation sub-air ducts to control the temperature of the fuel cell stack. In the embodiment of the present invention, the temperature refers to the temperature of the fuel cell stack itself or the internal temperature. For example, when the temperature of the fuel cell stack is detected to be in different temperature ranges of 0-10°C, 10°C-50°C, reaching 50°C, and exceeding 65°C, the number of opening of the sub-air ducts is adjusted according to the temperature range.

[0033] The controller may be a single chip microcomputer in the temperature control system, wherein the membrane electrode refers to a component including a proton exchange membrane, a catalyst, and a gas diffusion layer.

[0034] The temperature control system of the fuel cell stack adopts a fan to provide air volume to the air duct, and a variable heat dissipation air duct is set between the fuel cell stack and the fan. The variable heat dissipation air duct includes at least: multiple heat dissipation sub-air ducts, and the number of opening or closing of multiple heat dissipation sub-air ducts is adjusted by a controller to control the temperature of the fuel cell stack. In this embodiment, the variable heat dissipation air duct can be used to adjust the number of opening sub-air ducts to accurately control the temperature of the battery stack, ensuring the efficient and stable operation of the fuel cell, thereby solving the technical problem of uneven temperature distribution in the fuel cell stack in the related art.

[0035] As an optional embodiment of the present invention, the variable heat dissipation air duct includes: a plurality of valve plates, which are respectively arranged corresponding to each heat dissipation sub-air duct, and are used to control the air volume provided to the corresponding area of ​​the fuel cell stack.

[0036] Optionally, the valve plate is arranged at the end of the air duct of each heat dissipating sub-air duct.

[0037] In the embodiment of the present invention, a button for controlling the opening and closing of the valve plate is provided on the valve plate of each heat dissipating sub-duct.

[0038] Optionally, the temperature control system also includes: a solenoid valve connected to the variable heat dissipation air duct for adjusting the air volume.

[0039] Alternatively, the temperature control system further includes: a first ventilation duct, arranged between the fan and the solenoid valve.

[0040] Optionally, the temperature control system also includes: an air filter, which filters impurities and pollutants in the air after inhaling the air, wherein the impurities and pollutants include at least air particulate matter; a second ventilation duct, which is arranged between the air filter and the fan, and is used to introduce the first part of the filtered air into the fuel cell stack to provide oxygen for the fuel cell stack.

[0041] In an embodiment of the present invention, the variable heat dissipation duct, the first ventilation duct and the second ventilation duct are all consistent with the cross-sectional dimensions of the fuel cell stack.

[0042] Optionally, the temperature control system further includes: an exhaust flow channel, which is used to discharge the other air except the first part of the filtered air out of the air channel, and discharge the heat generated during the operation of the fuel cell stack. The exhaust flow channel can be set at the double machine board of the fuel cell stack. After the air filtered of particulate matter enters the fuel cell stack, the oxygen in a part of the air can be used to provide oxygen for the air-cooled fuel cell, and the excess air is directly discharged through the exhaust flow channel in the stack, and at the same time, the heat generated during the operation of the air-cooled fuel cell stack can be taken away.

[0043] Optionally, the temperature control system also includes: a temperature sensing module, which is arranged on the outer surface of the fuel cell stack and is used to detect the stack temperature of the fuel cell stack.

[0044] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an optional fuel cell stack temperature control system according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, the temperature control system includes: an air filter 1, a first common ventilation duct 2, a fan 3, a second common ventilation duct 4, a solenoid valve 5, a variable heat dissipation duct 6, a battery stack 7, and a temperature sensor 8.

[0045] Above Figure 1 The temperature control system shown removes impurities (e.g., particulate matter) in the air through an air filter 1 and the air enters a first common ventilation duct 2. A portion of the oxygen in the air provides oxygen for the fuel cell stack, and the excess air is discharged through the exhaust duct, while taking away the heat generated during the operation of the fuel cell stack.

[0046] exist Figure 1 A controller may be provided in the electromagnetic valve 5 and the variable heat dissipation air duct 6.

[0047] The present invention adds a temperature control system for the fuel cell stack, and a temperature sensor 8 is arranged on the surface of the fuel cell stack. The temperature of the fuel cell stack is collected by the temperature sensor 8, and the temperature of the fuel cell stack is fed back.

[0048] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an optional variable heat dissipation duct according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 2 As shown, the sub-air ducts in the variable heat dissipation air duct in the present invention are variable, and a valve plate is provided at the end of each air duct that contacts the battery stack. A button for controlling the opening and closing of the valve plate is installed on the valve plate of each sub-air duct. By adjusting the opening and closing of the valve plate, the opening and closing of the air ducts in different areas can be further realized, which can not only shorten the startup time of the fuel cell stack, but also make the temperature of the fuel cell stack evenly distributed, which is conducive to better performance of its performance.

[0049] Through the temperature feedback of the temperature sensor, the solenoid valve 5 controls the opening and closing buttons on different sub-air ducts, controls the opening number of sub-air ducts in the variable heat dissipation air duct, opens and closes different sub-air ducts under different temperature conditions, and realizes precise temperature control and uniform temperature distribution of the fuel cell stack.

[0050] For example, when the temperature of the fuel cell stack is between 0 and 10°C, the sub-air duct 1 is opened, the air volume passing through the stack is small, and the heat dissipation effect is poor, which is conducive to the accumulation of heat in the air-cooled fuel cell stack, so that the stack heats up quickly and the startup time is shortened;

[0051] When the temperature of the fuel cell stack is between 10°C and 50°C, the sub-air ducts 1 and 3 are opened to increase the air volume passing through the stack, slowing down the heating speed of the stack, making the stack heat up slowly and evenly, and achieving uniform distribution of the temperature of the fuel cell stack;

[0052] When the temperature of the fuel cell stack reaches 50°C, sub-air ducts 1, 3, and 5 are opened, and the air volume passing through the stack is increased again to control the heating rate of the stack and ensure stable operation of the stack (50°C-65°C).

[0053] When the temperature of the fuel cell stack exceeds 65°C, open sub-air ducts 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 to increase the air volume, speed up the heat dissipation of the stack, and control the stack to operate under the optimal temperature conditions.

[0054] Above Figure 1 The first common ventilation duct 2, the second common ventilation duct 4, and the variable heat dissipation duct 6 are all consistent with the cross-sectional dimensions of the battery stack.

[0055] Optionally, the fan and the solenoid valve in the embodiment of the present invention are both arranged inside the first common ventilation duct and the second common ventilation duct.

[0056] In the embodiment of the present invention, different sub-air ducts in the variable heat dissipation air duct control the air volume and wind speed in different areas of the fuel cell stack, thereby achieving precise temperature control of different areas of the fuel cell, thereby solving the problem of uneven temperature distribution of the fuel cell stack and ensuring efficient and stable operation of the fuel cell.

[0057] The present invention is described below in conjunction with another embodiment. Example

[0058] According to an embodiment of the present invention, an embodiment of a temperature control method for a fuel cell stack is provided. It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart of the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer executable instructions, and although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described can be executed in an order different from that shown here.

[0059] An embodiment of the present invention provides a temperature control method for a fuel cell stack. The temperature control method for a fuel cell stack is applied to the temperature control system of the fuel cell stack of any one of the above-mentioned embodiments.

[0060] Figure 3 is a flow chart of a temperature control method for a fuel cell stack according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 As shown, the method comprises the following steps:

[0061] Step S302, detecting the fuel cell stack temperature;

[0062] Step S304, based on the temperature range of the fuel cell stack temperature, adjust the number of air ducts of the heat dissipation sub-ducts to make the current temperature of the fuel cell stack reach the target temperature.

[0063] In an embodiment of the present invention, the temperature of the fuel cell stack is detected, and based on the temperature range of the temperature of the fuel cell stack, the number of air ducts of the heat dissipation sub-air duct is adjusted to make the current temperature of the fuel cell stack reach the target temperature. In this embodiment, a fan is used to provide air volume to the air duct, and the number of openings or closings of multiple heat dissipation sub-air ducts in the variable heat dissipation air duct is adjusted to control the temperature of the fuel cell stack. The number of openings of the sub-air ducts can be adjusted through the variable heat dissipation air duct to accurately control the temperature of the battery stack, thereby ensuring efficient and stable operation of the fuel cell, thereby solving the technical problem of uneven temperature distribution in the fuel cell stack in the related art.

[0064] Optionally, based on the temperature range of the stack temperature, the step of adjusting the number of air ducts of the heat dissipation sub-ducts so that the current temperature of the fuel cell stack reaches the target temperature includes: when the temperature value of the stack temperature is within the first preset temperature range, opening the first heat dissipation sub-duct to rapidly increase the stack temperature of the fuel cell stack; when the temperature value of the stack temperature is within the second preset temperature range, opening the first heat dissipation sub-duct and the third heat dissipation sub-duct to evenly distribute the stack temperature of the fuel cell stack, wherein the temperature value corresponding to the second preset temperature range is greater than the temperature value corresponding to the first preset temperature range; when the temperature value of the stack temperature reaches a preset temperature threshold, opening the first heat dissipation sub-duct, the third heat dissipation sub-duct and the fifth heat dissipation sub-duct to stabilize the stack temperature of the fuel cell stack, wherein the temperature value corresponding to the preset temperature threshold is greater than the temperature value corresponding to the second preset temperature range; when the temperature value of the stack temperature is greater than the preset temperature threshold, opening all heat dissipation sub-ducts to increase the heat dissipation speed of the fuel cell stack.

[0065] According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a control device is also provided, including: a processor; and a memory for storing executable instructions of the processor; wherein the processor is configured to execute any of the above-mentioned fuel cell stack temperature control methods by executing the executable instructions.

[0066] According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is also provided, the computer-readable storage medium including a stored computer program, wherein when the computer program is running, the device where the computer-readable storage medium is located is controlled to execute any one of the above-mentioned fuel cell stack temperature control methods.

[0067] The present application also provides a computer program product, which, when executed on a data processing device, is suitable for executing an initialization program having the following method steps: detecting the stack temperature of the fuel cell stack; and adjusting the number of air ducts of the heat dissipation sub-ducts based on the temperature range of the stack temperature so that the current temperature of the fuel cell stack reaches the target temperature.

[0068] The serial numbers of the above embodiments of the present invention are only for description and do not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.

[0069] In the above embodiments of the present invention, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0070] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed technical content can be implemented in other ways. Among them, the device embodiments described above are only schematic. For example, the division of the units can be a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of units or modules, which can be electrical or other forms.

[0071] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the present embodiment.

[0072] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units.

[0073] If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including several instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), mobile hard disk, disk or optical disk, etc. Various media that can store program codes.

[0074] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A temperature control system for a fuel cell stack, characterized in that: The temperature control environment is applied to a fuel cell stack, wherein the fuel cell stack includes: a membrane electrode, a proton exchange membrane, a plate, a catalyst, a gas diffusion layer, and a fuel cell stack, including: A fuel cell stack and a fan, wherein the fan is used to provide air volume to the air duct; A variable heat dissipation air duct is arranged between the fuel cell stack and the fan, and the variable heat dissipation air duct at least includes: a plurality of heat dissipation sub-air ducts; A controller is used to adjust the number of openings or closings of heat dissipation sub-ducts to control the temperature of the fuel cell stack. The controller is a single-chip microcomputer in the temperature control system, wherein the membrane electrode refers to a component including a proton exchange membrane, a catalyst, and a gas diffusion layer.

2. The temperature control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The variable heat dissipation duct comprises: A plurality of valve plates are respectively arranged corresponding to each of the heat dissipation sub-ducts, and are used to control the air volume provided to the corresponding area of ​​the fuel cell stack.

3. The temperature control system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The valve sheet is arranged at the end of the air duct of each heat dissipation sub-air duct.

4. The temperature control system according to claim 2, characterized in that: A button for controlling the opening and closing of the valve plate is arranged on the valve plate of each heat dissipation sub-duct.

5. The temperature control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature control system also includes: The solenoid valve is connected to the variable heat dissipation air duct and is used to adjust the air volume.

6. The temperature control system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The temperature control system also includes: The first ventilation duct is arranged between the fan and the solenoid valve.

7. The temperature control system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The temperature control system also includes: The air filter filters the impurities and pollutants in the air after inhaling the air, wherein the impurities and pollutants include at least: air particles; The second ventilation duct is arranged between the air filter and the fan, and is used to introduce the filtered first part of air into the fuel cell stack to provide oxygen for the fuel cell stack.

8. The temperature control system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The variable heat dissipation duct, the first ventilation duct and the second ventilation duct are all consistent with the cross-sectional dimensions of the fuel cell stack.

9. The temperature control system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The temperature control system also includes: The exhaust flow channel is used to discharge the filtered air except the first part of air out of the air channel, and to discharge the heat generated during the operation of the fuel cell stack.

10. The temperature control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature control system also includes: The temperature sensing module is arranged on the outer surface of the fuel cell stack and is used to detect the stack temperature of the fuel cell stack.

11. A temperature control method for a fuel cell stack, characterized in that: A temperature control system for a fuel cell stack according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the temperature control method comprises: Detecting the stack temperature of the fuel cell stack; Based on the temperature range of the fuel cell stack temperature, the number of air ducts of the heat dissipation sub-ducts is adjusted to make the current temperature of the fuel cell stack reach the target temperature.

12. The temperature control method according to claim 11, characterized in that: The step of adjusting the number of air ducts of the heat dissipation sub-air ducts based on the temperature range of the fuel cell stack temperature so that the current temperature of the fuel cell stack reaches the target temperature includes: When the temperature value of the fuel cell stack is within a first preset temperature range, opening the first heat dissipation sub-air duct to rapidly increase the fuel cell stack temperature; When the temperature value of the fuel cell stack temperature is within a second preset temperature range, the first heat dissipation sub-duct and the third heat dissipation sub-duct are opened to make the fuel cell stack temperature evenly distributed, wherein the temperature value corresponding to the second preset temperature range is greater than the temperature value corresponding to the first preset temperature range; When the temperature value of the fuel cell stack reaches a preset temperature threshold, the first heat dissipation sub-duct, the third heat dissipation sub-duct and the fifth heat dissipation sub-duct are opened to stabilize the fuel cell stack temperature, wherein the temperature value corresponding to the preset temperature threshold is greater than the temperature value corresponding to the second preset temperature range; When the temperature value of the fuel cell stack temperature is greater than the preset temperature threshold, all heat dissipation sub-air ducts are opened to increase the heat dissipation speed of the fuel cell stack.

13. A control device, characterized in that: include: processor; as well as A memory, configured to store executable instructions of the processor; Wherein, the processor is configured to execute the temperature control method of the fuel cell stack according to any one of claims 11 to 12 by executing the executable instructions.

14. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium includes a stored computer program, wherein when the computer program is executed, the device where the computer-readable storage medium is located is controlled to execute the temperature control method for a fuel cell stack according to any one of claims 11 to 12.

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