Vibration plate, speaker module and electronic device having the same

Abstract

The embodiment of the present invention discloses a vibration plate and a speaker module and an electronic device having the same, wherein the vibration plate comprises: a first vibration membrane, the edge of which is provided with an annular hollow protrusion, and the middle part surrounded by the protrusion is a plane; an annular middle plate, the middle of which is provided with a first through hole, the annular middle plate is attached to the middle part, and the middle part blocks the first through hole on the attachment surface of the annular middle plate. The embodiment of the present invention can allocate more space to the back cavity, so that the low-frequency sensitivity of the speaker module is improved, and the second vibration membrane blocked on the annular first through hole can generate multiple high-order modes, so that the sound wave energy is evenly distributed, the high-frequency sensitivity is greatly improved, and the effective bandwidth is widened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vibration plates, and in particular to a vibration plate and a speaker module and electronic equipment having the same. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of science and technology, consumers have an increasing demand for electronic products such as mobile phones, tablets, laptops, smart speakers, etc. In order to meet people's demand for electronic products and increase market share, relevant manufacturers are gradually shortening the time interval for electronic product upgrades to integrate the latest technology into electronic products more quickly.

[0003] In the related art, in order to meet market demand, the appearance size of electronic products continues to develop in the direction of being smaller and thinner. Under the condition of gradually reducing space, the space occupied by the speaker module in the electronic product is also gradually reducing. Among the components of the speaker module, the performance of the vibration plate plays a big role in determining the sound quality.

[0004] As the space occupied by speaker modules in electronic products is gradually decreasing, how to design a speaker module with better performance within a limited space has become a technical issue that electroacoustic engineers in this field need to continue to study. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the object of the present invention is to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art and to provide a vibration plate and a speaker module and an electronic device having the same.

[0006] According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a vibration plate, comprising: a first vibration membrane, the edge of which is provided with an annular hollow protrusion, and the middle part surrounded by the protrusion is a plane; an annular middle pasting plate, the middle part of which is provided with a first through hole, the annular middle pasting plate is pasted on the middle part, and the middle part blocks the first through hole on the pasting surface of the annular middle pasting plate.

[0007] Preferably, the first diaphragm includes a fixed part and a second diaphragm, wherein the fitting surface of the annular middle plate is fitted and fixed to the fixed part; a second through hole is provided in the middle part at a position corresponding to the first through hole, the annular middle plate is connected to the second diaphragm at the first through hole, and the second diaphragm blocks the first through hole.

[0008] Preferably, in any of the above solutions, the fixing portion is connected to the annular middle plate by gluing and fixing.

[0009] In any of the above solutions, preferably, a compression belt of equal width is provided on the fixing portion extending along the circumferential direction of the protrusion.

[0010] Preferably, in any of the above solutions, the size of the first through hole is determined according to the frequency of the high-order mode of the second diaphragm in an excited state and the material of the second diaphragm.

[0011] In any of the above schemes, it is preferred that the annular middle plate is one of a metal plate, a metal composite foam material plate, and a non-metallic plate whose hardness reaches a set value.

[0012] A second aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides a speaker module installed on an audio and video electronic device for sound output, the speaker module comprising an upper shell and a lower shell that are detachably connected, and a vibration plate installed between the upper shell and the lower shell, the vibration plate divides the cavity between the upper shell and the lower shell into a front cavity and a rear cavity, the vibration plate is the vibration plate involved in the above-mentioned first aspect and each preferred embodiment.

[0013] Preferably in the above solution, the speaker module further comprises a retaining frame, the retaining frame is fixedly connected to the lower shell, and the retaining frame limits the vibration direction of the vibration plate.

[0014] Preferably in any of the above solutions, the speaker module further comprises a pressing block, which is fixed on the lower shell and is used for pressing the first diaphragm.

[0015] According to a third aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided an electronic device, wherein the electronic device is provided with the speaker module involved in the second aspect and each preferred embodiment.

[0016] Based on the vibration plate provided by the present invention and the speaker module and electronic device having the same, by setting a first through hole in the middle of the middle plate and blocking the first through hole through a diaphragm, it is possible to avoid adding an acoustic resonance cavity such as a Helmholtz Resonator (HHR) that is connected to the front cavity, thereby freeing up more space for the rear cavity and further improving the low-frequency sensitivity; in addition, based on the mechanical resonance of the second diaphragm, the function of the original acoustic resonance cavity can be replaced, thereby improving the mid- and high-frequency sensitivity and reducing the manufacturing cost of the speaker module and the electronic device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent through the following description of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a vibration plate of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 The vibration plate of the present invention Figure 1 AA cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the embodiment shown;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a side view structural schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the annular center plate of the vibration plate of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4It is a side structural schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the fixing part of the vibration plate of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the assembly of the annular center plate and the second diaphragm of the vibration plate of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a speaker module of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 The speaker module of the present invention Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the embodiment shown;

[0025] Figure 8 It is a comparison diagram of the simulation effects of the speaker module embodiment of the present invention and the speaker module in the related art.

[0026] Figure markings: 1-first diaphragm; 11-protrusion; 12-middle part; 121-second through hole; 13-fixing part; 131-pressure belt; 14-second diaphragm; 2-annular center plate; 21-first through hole; 3-upper shell; 31-front cavity; 4-lower shell; 41-rear cavity; 5-vibration plate; 6-retaining frame; 7-pressure block; 8-side sound hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention is described below based on embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. In the detailed description of the present invention below, some specific details are described in detail. It is possible for a person skilled in the art to fully understand the present invention without the description of these details. In order to avoid confusing the essence of the present invention, known methods, processes, flows, components and circuits are not described in detail.

[0028] In addition, persons of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the drawings provided herein are for illustration purposes and are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0029] Unless the context clearly requires otherwise, words such as “include”, “including” and the like in the specification should be interpreted as including rather than being exclusive or exhaustive; that is, as meaning “including but not limited to”.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0031] Unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0032] When current is applied to the speaker, the current on the speaker voice coil and the magnetic field around the voice coil cause the voice coil frame to perform piston motion in a direction perpendicular to the first diaphragm 1 or the annular center plate 2. Through the piston motion, the vibration plate vibrates in the direction of the piston motion of the voice coil frame, and the vibration plate generates sound waves and radiates them.

[0033] The micro-speaker module includes an upper shell 3 and a lower shell 4. The vibration plate 5 separates the internal space enclosed by the upper shell 3 and the lower shell 4. The front cavity 31 is formed above the vibration plate 5, and the rear cavity 41 is formed below. In the micro-speaker module, due to the limitation of the system space, it is inevitable to set the side sound hole 8 to form the side sound. Among them, the intermediate frequency of the sound generated by the speaker module will produce a sharp peak due to the resonance of the front cavity, which greatly affects people's hearing. The commonly used solution in the market is to add an acoustic resonance cavity connected to the front cavity 31. Although this method can effectively improve the sharp peaks and valleys of the intermediate frequency curve, it will also inevitably affect the size of the rear cavity 41 and reduce the low-frequency sensitivity of the speaker module.

[0034] On the other hand, the extension of high frequencies is also a goal that micro speaker developers are constantly pursuing. At present, technicians in this field mainly conduct research from two aspects: the material of the middle plate and the shape of the middle plate. Specifically, they select lighter and harder materials for the middle plate; and add a convex hull structure to the middle plate at the expense of reducing the magnetic circuit performance. Both of the above methods will produce a resonant mode near 10kHz in the audio range of interest, causing the high-frequency curve of the speaker module to produce larger peak and valley fluctuations. However, the choice of materials will increase production costs, and the addition of the convex hull structure will affect the classroom space.

[0035] Based on the defects and shortcomings of the speakers in the above-mentioned related art, the embodiment of the present invention provides a vibration plate. Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the vibration plate of the present invention; Figure 2 The vibration plate of the present invention Figure 1 AA cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the embodiment shown; Figure 3 FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a preferred embodiment of the annular center plate of the vibration plate of the present invention. Figures 1 to 3As shown, the vibration plate may include: a first diaphragm 1 and an annular middle plate 2, wherein an annular hollow protrusion 11 is provided on the edge of the first diaphragm 1, and the middle part 12 surrounded by the protrusion is a plane; a first through hole 21 is opened in the middle of the annular middle plate 2, the annular middle plate 2 is attached to the middle part 12, and the middle part 12 blocks the first through hole 21 on the attachment surface of the annular middle plate 2.

[0036] In this embodiment, the first diaphragm 1 may be integrally molded. The protrusion 11 may be formed by bending the first diaphragm 1 along its edge, and the protrusion 11 may be a cavity structure with a semicircular cross-section formed on the first diaphragm 1. The first end of the protrusion 11 is connected to form a ring that matches the edge shape of the first diaphragm 1. A fixed edge is left on the edge of the first diaphragm 1 connected to the protrusion 11, and the fixed edge is used to fix the first diaphragm 1 to other structures of the speaker. A pleated pattern is formed on the first diaphragm 1 that is bent to form the protrusion 11, so that the middle part 12 of the first diaphragm 1 surrounded by the protrusion 11 can form a buffer during vibration.

[0037] The middle part 12 of the first diaphragm 1 surrounded by the protrusion 11 may be a diaphragm structure on the same plane as the two sides of the protrusion 11. An annular middle plate 2 may be fixed to the middle part surrounded by the protrusion by gluing. The middle part of the annular middle plate 2 is provided with a first through hole 21 matching the shape of the edge of the protrusion 11 connected to the middle part 12. In this embodiment, the middle part 12 is connected to the protrusion 11 and is in contact with the middle plate 2, and the first through hole 21 is blocked.

[0038] The first diaphragm 1 can be a polymer material film with a small unit mass and strong toughness. It can buffer the vibration by generating tensile deformation during the vibration process. Since the rigidity of the first diaphragm 1 made of polymer material is much smaller than that of metal and other plates, after the first diaphragm 1 is excited, the first diaphragm 1 cooperates with the middle plate 2 to produce multiple resonance modes. One of the modes belongs to piston motion, which is consistent with the performance of the vibration plate of the speaker module in the above-mentioned related technology; the other multiple high-order modes are determined by the first through hole 21. The larger the size of the first through hole 21, the lower the high-order modal frequency will be. The more modes generated in the audio range, the smoother the high-frequency performance of the new speaker module will be. Specifically, the size of the first through hole 21 can be optimized through simulation according to the model of the speaker module and the set frequency range.

[0039] The size of the first through hole 21 can be determined according to the frequency of the high-order mode in the excited state of the second diaphragm 14 and the material of the second diaphragm. Among them, the size of the first through hole 21 can be a specific size value, such as a rectangular hole with a length of 1mm and a width of 0.5mm with arc corners, or it can be a ratio of the percentage of the total area of ​​the center plate 2, such as 1 / 3 of the total area of ​​the center plate 2. The shape of the first through hole 21 can also be circular, elliptical, etc., and the present embodiment does not specifically limit the size and shape of the first through hole 21. The present embodiment can determine the type of vibration plate to be used according to different frequency requirements, thereby avoiding the increase in production costs caused by spatial coordination of each sound cavity of the speaker module.

[0040] In other embodiments, Figure 4 It is a side structural schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the fixing part of the vibration plate of the present invention; Figure 5 FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of the assembly of the annular center plate and the second diaphragm of the vibration plate of the present invention. Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the first diaphragm 1 may include a fixing portion 13 and a second diaphragm 14, wherein the fitting surface of the annular middle plate 2 is fitted and fixed to the fixing portion 13; the middle portion 12 is provided with a second through hole 121 at a position corresponding to the first through hole 21, the annular middle plate 2 is connected to the second diaphragm 14 at the first through hole 21, and the second diaphragm 14 blocks the first through hole 21. In this embodiment, the fixing portion 13 is used to fit with the annular middle plate 2 to fix the annular middle plate 2. The fixing portion 13 may include a protrusion 11 and a middle portion 12 formed by the annular protrusion 11.

[0041] In this embodiment, a first through hole 21 is provided on the annular middle plate 2, and a second through hole 121 is provided on the fixing portion 13 to match the position, shape and size of the first through hole 21. After the fixing portion 13 is attached to the annular middle plate 2, the first through hole 21 is connected to the second through hole 121, wherein the second through hole 121 is blocked by the second diaphragm 14. That is, in this embodiment, the passages at the first through hole 21 and the second through hole 121 are blocked by the second diaphragm 14 fixed on the annular middle plate 2. Among them, the material of the second diaphragm 14 can be a polymer composite material, and the specific material needs to be adjusted according to the specific size of the product and the frequency to be adjusted. In some specific examples, it can basically be a polymer composite diaphragm or silica gel. The composition of the second diaphragm 14 can be polyetheretherketone film + damping material film + polyetheretherketone film, or it can be a film material formed by mixing polyetheretherketone material and damping material. In the specific use process, the material of the fixing portion 13 can be different from the material of the second diaphragm 14.

[0042] In this embodiment, by connecting the second diaphragm 14 to the first through hole 21 of the annular center plate 2 to block the first through hole 21, a resonance peak located at the intermediate frequency can be generated to adjust the intermediate and high frequency curves of the speaker module, thereby realizing the function of adjusting the intermediate frequency of the acoustic resonance cavity. The vibration plate generates multiple high-order modes, so that the energy distribution is more uniform, the high-frequency sensitivity is greatly improved, and the effective bandwidth is further widened. In addition, the design of the second diaphragm 14 can also increase the space of the rear cavity 41 of the speaker module, further improving the low-frequency sensitivity of the speaker module.

[0043] In some embodiments, the fixing portion 13 may be provided with a compression belt 131 of equal width extending circumferentially along the protrusion 11. Figure 4 As shown, the compression band 131 surrounds the protrusion 11 and has a certain bandwidth. The fixing portion 13 of this embodiment is used to be fixed on the voice coil frame of the speaker module through the compression band 131, so that when the voice coil frame vibrates, the vibration can be transmitted to the vibration plate, and the vibration plate generates sound waves and transmits them out of the speaker module. In this embodiment, by setting the compression band 131 as an integrally formed structure with the protrusion 11, the vibration of the voice coil frame can be quickly transmitted to the middle plate 2 and the middle part 12 inside the closed annular protrusion 11, driving the middle plate 2 and the middle part 12 to vibrate.

[0044] In some embodiments, the annular center plate 2 may be one of an annular metal plate, an annular metal composite foam material plate, and a non-metallic annular plate whose hardness reaches a set value. In a specific example, the metal annular plate may be an aluminum plate. The density of the aluminum plate is relatively low, and the weight used to make the annular center plate 2 is light; and the rigidity of the aluminum plate is relatively large and not easily deformed. The aluminum plate used to make the center plate 2 can increase the high-frequency width of the speaker module. The aluminum plate is a non-magnetic material and has no effect on the magnetic induction of the voice coil, thus avoiding interference with the voice coil.

[0045] In another specific example, the annular center plate 2 can also be a copper plate, a sandwich structure composite material (AXF) series material plate, etc. In this embodiment, one possible implementation of AXF can be a three-layer structure plate composed of an aluminum plate, a foam material interlayer, and an aluminum plate in this order. Among them, the aluminum plate can be pasted to the foam material interlayer as a skin structure to form AXF. The AXF series material plate has strong mechanical properties and an overall density lower than that of a metal plate. It can also reduce the overall weight of the device while ensuring the normal use of the annular center plate 2.

[0046] In this embodiment, the "set value" can be determined according to the material used to make the annular center plate 2, that is, the set value of the annular center plate 2 made of different materials is different, and its Young's modulus is greater than that of the diaphragm, and the set value can be 10GPa or above.

[0047] Based on the same design concept, the second aspect of the embodiment of the present invention provides a speaker module, which may include a detachably connected upper shell 3 and lower shell 4, and a vibration plate 5 installed between the upper shell 3 and the lower shell 4, wherein the vibration plate 5 divides the cavity between the upper shell 3 and the lower shell 4 into a front cavity 31 and a rear cavity 41, wherein the vibration plate 5 may include the vibration plate 5 involved in the first aspect and any one of the embodiments. In the related art, the high-frequency performance of the speaker module depends on the split vibration mode attached thereto, and the high-frequency performance represented by a curve often overlaps with the standing wave effect of the sound outlet to produce larger peaks and valleys, while the design of the new speaker module generates multiple high-order modes of the vibration plate, so that the energy is more uniform.

[0048] Figure 8 FIG. 1 is a comparison diagram of the simulation effect of the speaker module embodiment of the present invention and the speaker module in the related art. Figure 8 In FIG. 1 , the solid curve is the high-frequency performance of the speaker module of the embodiment of the present invention, and the dotted line is the high-frequency performance of the speaker module in the related art. The vertical coordinate represents the sound pressure level (SPL) and the horizontal coordinate represents the frequency. Figure 8 From the trends of the solid curve and the dashed curve, it can be seen that after 10kHz, the high-frequency sensitivity of the loudspeaker using the vibration plate of the first aspect and each preferred embodiment described above is greatly improved, and the effective bandwidth can be further widened.

[0049] Based on the principle of mechanical resonance, the speaker module of the present invention is different from the design in the related art. The middle of the vibration plate 5 is not completely the middle plate 2. The vibration plate 5 is polymer diaphragm->aluminum film->polymer diaphragm from the outer edge to the inner center. Since the rigidity of the polymer diaphragm is much smaller than the rigidity of the original middle plate, the vibration plate will produce multiple resonant modes when it is excited. Among them, the first mode belongs to piston motion, which is consistent with the performance of the vibration plate of the speaker module in the related art; and the higher-order modes are determined by the size of the first through hole 21 on the middle plate 2. The larger the size of the first through hole 21, the lower the high-order modal frequency will be. The more modes generated in the audio range, the smoother the high-frequency performance of the new speaker module will be. Its specific hollow size can be optimized through simulation.

[0050] The performance of traditional speaker modules often produces a very sharp resonance peak in the mid-frequency due to the resonance of the front cavity 31, which has a great impact on the sense of hearing. The more common adjustment method is to add an acoustic resonance cavity in the front cavity 31, but the addition of this resonance cavity often requires a large part of the space of the rear cavity 3, causing the resonance frequency of the speaker module to rise and the low-frequency extension to decrease. Unlike the traditional speaker module, the speaker module of the embodiment of the present invention cancels the design of the acoustic resonance cavity, thereby increasing the space of the rear cavity 41, so that the low-frequency sensitivity of the speaker module is improved. More space can be allocated to the rear cavity 41, so that the low-frequency sensitivity of the speaker module is improved, and the second diaphragm 14 blocked on the annular first through hole 21 can produce multiple high-order modes, so that the sound wave energy is evenly distributed, the high-frequency sensitivity is greatly improved, and the effective bandwidth is widened.

[0051] In some embodiments, the speaker module may further include a holder 6 and a pressing block 7. The holder 6 is fixedly connected to the lower shell 4, and the holder 6 limits the vibration direction of the vibration plate 5. The pressing block 7 is fixed to the lower shell 4 to press the first diaphragm 1. This embodiment can make the speaker module structure more compact and firm, and improve the structural stability of the speaker module.

[0052] Based on the same design concept as the speaker module involved in the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention, the third aspect of the embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, which is provided with the speaker module involved in the above-mentioned second aspect and each embodiment. The above-mentioned speaker module is provided in the electronic device to reduce the weight of the electronic device, reduce the space occupied by the speaker module in the electronic device, and improve the sound quality of the electronic device.

[0053] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vibration plate, characterized in that: include: A first diaphragm (1) comprises a fixing portion (13) and a second diaphragm (14); the fixing portion (13) is provided with an annular hollow protrusion (11) at its edge, and the middle portion (12) surrounded by the protrusion is a plane; An annular middle plate (2) having a first through hole (21) in the middle, and the annular middle plate (2) is attached to the middle portion (12); The middle part (12) is provided with a second through hole (121) at a position corresponding to the first through hole (21), the annular center plate (2) is connected to the second diaphragm (14) at the first through hole (21), and the second diaphragm (14) blocks the first through hole (21).

2. The vibration plate according to claim 1, characterized in that The fixing portion (13) is glued and fixedly connected to the annular middle plate (2).

3. The vibration plate according to claim 2, characterized in that The fixing portion (13) is provided with a compression belt (131) of equal width extending in the circumferential direction of the protrusion (11).

4. The vibration plate according to claim 2, characterized in that The size of the first through hole (21) is determined according to the frequency of the high-order mode of the second diaphragm (14) in an excited state and the material of the second diaphragm.

5. The vibration plate according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The annular center plate (2) is one of a metal plate, a metal composite foam material plate, and a non-metal plate whose hardness reaches a set value.

6. A speaker module, comprising an upper shell (3) and a lower shell (4) which are detachably connected, and a vibration plate (5) installed between the upper shell (3) and the lower shell (4), wherein the vibration plate (5) divides the cavity between the upper shell (3) and the lower shell (4) into a front cavity (31) and a rear cavity (41), characterized in that: The vibration plate (5) is the vibration plate as described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

7. The speaker module according to claim 6, characterized in that: The loudspeaker module also includes a retaining frame (6), the retaining frame (6) is fixedly connected to the lower shell (4), and the retaining frame (6) limits the vibration direction of the vibration plate (5).

8. The speaker module according to claim 7, characterized in that: The loudspeaker module also includes a pressing block (7), which is fixed on the lower shell (4) and is used to press the first diaphragm (1).

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: A speaker module as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 8 is provided.

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