A smoke exhaust support system for air membrane building and use method thereof

Abstract

A smoke exhaust support system for air membrane buildings and a method for using the same, wherein the smoke exhaust support system is placed below the membrane surface; under fire conditions, the fire inspection system moves along a circular support ring track to send the fire situation to the control room; and the emergency lighting device is lit at the same time; when smoke gathers below the membrane surface, the smoke exhaust fan is started to exhaust the high-temperature smoke to the outside; when the internal air pressure drops suddenly, the dual-speed air supply fan is started to transport fresh air from the outside to the room; when the membrane surface collapses to the point where the inner surface contacts the collapsed support ring, the trapped person picks up an axe from the storage compartment to cut the membrane surface to achieve self-rescue and escape. Under wind or snow disaster conditions, the strong wind tears the membrane surface or the heavy snow crushes the membrane surface to cause a sudden drop in the indoor air pressure of the air membrane building, the emergency lighting device is lit, and the dual-speed air supply fan is started to transport fresh air from the outside to the room; when the membrane surface collapses to the point where it contacts the collapsed support ring and most of the surrounding area is scattered on the ground, the trapped person picks up an axe from the storage compartment to cut the membrane surface to achieve self-rescue and escape.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of disaster prevention of building structures and emergency escape under disaster conditions, and in particular to a smoke exhaust and collapse prevention device for air-supported membrane structure buildings, in particular to a smoke exhaust and support system for air-supported membrane buildings and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Application number: CN202010098893.3 systematically introduces the forming principle, basic composition, application field, professional problems targeted by current technology, especially the process and characteristics of membrane surface destruction under fire, and the personal danger caused by it. It points out the shortcomings of current technology in terms of personnel safety under fire and the gaps that need to be filled, and proposes a special air-supported membrane structure product for personnel safety. However, the requirement that debris cannot be piled on the ground in the "temporary smoke-proof refuge area" reduces the indoor use area, and the construction materials of the smoke-proof foundation wall increase the construction cost. For air-film buildings with larger spans (clear span of 60m and above), it still cannot guarantee that indoor personnel have the conscious awareness of entering the "refuge area" and sufficient path guarantee conditions under fire.

[0003] At present, the indoor amusement park-like buildings that are increasingly being built due to the application of air-supported membrane structures in the field of civil construction are exposing such problems. Due to the various structural limitations of amusement facilities, the emergency escape routes in fires are very complicated, and indoor personnel are in urgent need of a nearby "sub-safe zone". This "sub-safe zone" must at least have the function of protecting indoor personnel from the pressure of the membrane surface that may have collapsed in a disaster, and from the high-temperature smoke and flames generated by the fire that will not endanger personnel safety. Analysis of existing technologies found that there is no technical solution that provides the above functions in an air-supported building system, such as:

[0004] 1. Air film collapse support technology;

[0005] The technology represented by application number: 201721236162.0 uses a motor to drive a lifting rod extending from a ground base and a support crossbar that can be deflected to a horizontal position to support the collapsed membrane surface. Analysis of this technology shows that it is not professionally targeted at fire accidents. In a fire, the following problems can be foreseen: the air membrane structure power supply unit is powered off and cannot work due to the fire; such structures are generally metal components, which may be damaged and collapsed due to the lack of fire protection, or the side facade facing the fire source may be bent due to thermal expansion, resulting in the main extension process being stuck; the membrane material near the roof must have softened due to contact with high-temperature smoke compared to normal temperature, and then pierced by the support crossbar or pulled by the surrounding hanging membrane surface, tearing at the support crossbar and accelerating the collapse, thereby reducing the time available for personnel evacuation. Similar support technologies include: Application Numbers: CN201721239521.8, 201420303678.2, 201721239206.5, 201921874943.1, etc.

[0006] 2. Air film membrane surface smoke exhaust technology;

[0007] The technology represented by application number: 201621282228.5 uses a method similar to a "chimney" to set up on the outside of the air membrane roof to exhaust the high-temperature smoke inside the membrane surface (indoors). Regardless of the principle of the device, "the flame may burn the membrane surface without the 'chimney' and prevent the smoke from being discharged from these specific devices" and "these 'chimneys' will not work at all on the damaged and undulating membrane surface". These designs are inherently insufficient in feasibility, and their emphasis on "keeping the indoor and outdoor air pressures basically balanced" and "the known air membrane buildings rely on the indoor and outdoor pressure difference to form" are fallacies in basic principles. Similar smoke exhaust technologies include: application numbers: CN201711084775.1, CN201711086430.X, etc.;

[0008] 3. Common air supply technology for current air-supported buildings;

[0009] In engineering practice, the air supply (ventilation) in air-supported buildings is all "centralized", that is, holes are opened on the ground adjacent to the wall or on the wall close to the ground, which are connected to the interior and the fan outside to maintain the air pressure inside the building and the appropriate air environment temperature. These "centralized" air supply methods make the indoor air pressure not very uniform, and except for the technology published in application number: CN202010098893.3, these air supply methods do not provide protection for indoor personnel in the event of a fire.

[0010] Summarizing the above prior art, we can find that:

[0011] None of them provide an integrated system for escape from fire in air-supported dome buildings such as air-supported indoor amusement parks, which have complex escape routes, and a simple method of using the functions of the venue to avoid users being pressed by collapsed membrane surfaces, being harmed by high-temperature smoke and flame radiation, and obtaining nearby "sub-safe zones" and breaking and escaping. Moreover, most of them only look at a small part, which seems to be highly technically complex, costly, and unreliable, and even have misunderstandings of basic principles. Summary of the invention

[0012] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and to provide a smoke exhaust support system for air membrane buildings and a method of use thereof, which has a reasonable structure, optimizes the occupied space, combines air supply, smoke exhaust and smoke prevention, can perform active fire inspections, and passive support.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention does not provide a "sub-safe zone" for users in civil air-supported buildings (large sports training buildings, indoor amusement parks, and planning exhibition halls) with a large number of users and complex escape routes to obtain a nearby (timely) refuge in case of fire to avoid being pressed by the collapsed membrane surface, damaged by high-temperature smoke and flame radiation, and breaking the membrane surface for self-rescue and escape.

[0014] The present invention can provide a "sub-safe zone" under fire for users in civil air-supported membrane buildings with complex functions. Under the condition that the functions remain unchanged, the system appearance can be flexibly designed and applied in combination with the functions of existing buildings and facilities (such as the lower bracket of the high-altitude slide in an indoor amusement park, as a basketball bracket for sports training, etc.), can detect and locate the fire location indoors at an early stage, and can provide tools for the self-rescue and escape of trapped persons. It is also very suitable for other industrial buildings except for those that require coal stacking machines to be set up indoors. And the proposed technical solution is not a patchwork accumulation of the existing technology at all. At the same time, this technical solution is also effective for emergency evacuation of personnel in extremely severe weather such as strong winds and heavy snow. In particular, it provides an innovative idea to solve the contradiction between the special building product of air-supported membrane structure and the current treatment method specifications in terms of fire protection design. The provided system use method for different disasters has clear steps and strong operability, which can perfectly match the provided system, greatly reducing the losses caused by disasters and ensuring the safety of indoor personnel in air-supported membrane buildings.

[0015] The application of this technical solution in civil air-supported membrane structure building products forms a nearby "sub-safe zone" that promptly eliminates the possibility of membrane surface collapse, high-temperature smoke, and flame radiation threats to indoor personnel under fire. The system and method fully serve from early detection of fire to personnel taking refuge nearby to self-rescue and escape by demolition. It provides air-supported membrane structure building fire protection design and escape and rescue solutions under fire and wind disasters from the perspective of personnel safety with innovative technical means, and provides reference for the formulation and revision of relevant fire protection standards, fire protection design and modification in engineering practice, and emergency evacuation and drills of personnel.

[0016] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a smoke exhaust support system for air membrane buildings, the smoke exhaust support system is composed of an external air supply pipe, an internal smoke exhaust pipe, a collapse support ring, a fire inspection system, an emergency lighting device, and an anti-collision and disassembly box;

[0017] The horizontal section of the Z-shaped heat exchange tube section of the inner smoke exhaust pipe is arranged in the tube cavity of the L-shaped ground tube, the side opening II at the end of the horizontal section is butted with the side opening I of the L-shaped ground tube from the tube cavity, the vertical section of the Z-shaped heat exchange tube section extends outward from the upper opening I of the L-shaped ground tube, one end of the smoke exhaust tube section II is butted with the side opening I from the outside of the tube cavity of the L-shaped ground tube, and the smoke exhaust tube section II is communicated with the inner cavity of the Z-shaped heat exchange tube section;

[0018] A circular top cover is fixed inside the upper opening of the air delivery pipe, the top surface of the circular top cover is flush with the upper opening surface of the air delivery pipe, and a plurality of air delivery holes are respectively arranged on the vertical surfaces around the air delivery pipe;

[0019] The lower opening of the air delivery pipe is sleeved on the outside of the vertical part of the Z-shaped heat exchange pipe section and butted against the upper opening I of the L-shaped ground pipe, and the air delivery pipe is communicated with the inner cavity of the L-shaped ground pipe;

[0020] The inner square opening Ⅰ of the round-shaped top cover is respectively connected to the upper opening Ⅱ of the Z-shaped heat exchange pipe section and the lower opening of the smoke exhaust pipe section Ⅰ; the smoke exhaust pipe section Ⅰ is communicated with the inner cavity of the Z-shaped heat exchange pipe section;

[0021] There is a gap between the outer wall of the Z-shaped heat exchange tube section and the inner wall of the L-shaped ground tube and the air delivery tube;

[0022] The inner square opening II of the emergency lighting device passes through the upright smoke exhaust pipe section I and is sleeved outside the upper opening of the air supply pipe and fixed on the outer side wall of the air supply pipe. The top surface of the emergency lighting device is flush with the upper opening surface of the air supply pipe. The outer edge of the bottom surface of the emergency lighting device is provided with a circle of downward indicating lighting strip;

[0023] The smoke exhaust outlet outer frame is fixed on the upper end of the smoke exhaust pipe section I, the lower ends of the four smoke exhaust outlet support rods are fixed at the four corners of the top surface of the smoke exhaust outlet outer frame, and the upper ends of the four smoke exhaust outlet support rods are fixed to the smoke exhaust outlet guard plate;

[0024] The two protruding rods of the smoke exhaust port baffle are inserted into the two clamping holes of the smoke exhaust port outer frame, and the smoke exhaust port baffle can be turned over in the smoke exhaust port outer frame;

[0025] The collapse support ring is fixed on the smoke exhaust port guard plate through the cross support arranged on the inner ring surface, the self-driving roller of the fire inspection system is arranged on the circular support ring track of the collapse support ring, the fire inspection system moves periodically on the circular support ring track, and the fire monitoring wireless video recorder of the fire inspection system completes the capture of the fire situation and the information transmission;

[0026] The four right-angled facades of the anti-collision and breakage boxes are respectively matched with the four right-angled vertical sides of the external air supply pipe and fixed on the outer surface of the external air supply pipe. The other facade of the four anti-collision and breakage boxes is an arc-shaped facade with storage compartments, and a layer of anti-collision belt is provided on the open outer edge of the arc surface of the storage compartment.

[0027] A method for using a smoke exhaust support system for an air membrane building, the steps are as follows:

[0028] The smoke exhaust support system is arranged in the air membrane building. The main body of the L-shaped ground pipe of the smoke exhaust support system is buried below the ground, and its upper opening I is kept flush with the ground. The collapse support ring of the smoke exhaust support system is placed below the membrane surface, and the net distance from the membrane surface in a normal state is 1.0 ~ 2.0m. The air supply port of the L-shaped ground pipe is connected to the double-speed air supply fan, and the free end of the smoke exhaust pipe section II is connected to the smoke exhaust fan. A circle of U-shaped walls is formed between the membrane surface and the ground. A partially or completely transparent membrane surface (7-1) is used to realize the lighting of the air membrane building (7) and the solar power supply of the self-driving roller (4-1) and the fire monitoring wireless video recorder (4-3);

[0029] 1. Under fire conditions;

[0030] S1. The self-driving roller of the fire inspection system drives the fire monitoring wireless video recorder to move along the circular support ring track through the balance support frame and conduct normal inspection;

[0031] S2. After a fire occurs somewhere on the ground or in the space of the air-supported building, the fire monitoring wireless video recorder quickly finds and locates the fire location and sends the fire information to the fire control room;

[0032] S3. At the same time, the fire control room sends a fire alarm to the people in the air-supported building, and the indicator lighting strip of the emergency lighting device is lit;

[0033] S4. When the people in the room start to escape, the fire control room finds that the smoke gathers under the membrane surface and starts the smoke exhaust fan. The smoke exhaust port baffle is affected by the air pressure and flips to an upright state by self-induction. The high-temperature smoke passes through the interval area of ​​the four smoke exhaust port support rods and enters the outer frame of the smoke exhaust port. It is discharged to the outside through the smoke exhaust pipe section I, the Z-shaped heat exchange pipe section, and the smoke exhaust pipe section II. At this time, the indoor air film building is in an overpressure state.

[0034] S5. When the fire control room finds that the indoor air pressure drops suddenly due to the membrane surface rupture or the emergency evacuation door is opened, the two-speed air supply fan is started and runs at full load, so that the outdoor fresh air is delivered to the room through the L-shaped ground pipe of the external air supply pipe, the air supply pipe and several air supply holes located on the vertical surface around the air supply pipe;

[0035] S6. When the membrane surface collapses to a height that prevents people from escaping through the evacuation door or airtight door, that is, the sight of people indoors is blocked by the collapsed membrane surface or their bodies are at risk of being crushed by the membrane surface, people gather on the facade around the air supply pipe under the guidance of the indicator lighting belt;

[0036] S7. When the membrane surface collapses to the point where the inner surface contacts the collapsed support ring and most of the surrounding area is scattered on the ground, the membrane surface and the smoke exhaust support system together form a space with a raised middle part. At this time, smoke gathers in the space above the emergency lighting device. The fresh air output from several air supply holes protects the surrounding personnel from the harm of high-temperature smoke and has a cooling effect on the flame radiation received, and maintains the personnel's field of vision without being blocked by smoke;

[0037] S8. At the right time, the trapped person can take a flashlight from the compartment to illuminate, pick up an axe to cut the membrane surface, and then escape to the outside of the air-supported building by himself;

[0038] S9. After confirming that the trapped personnel have completely escaped, turn off the smoke exhaust fan and the two-speed air supply fan, and then dismantle and repair the membrane surface;

[0039] 2. Under conditions of wind or snow disasters;

[0040] S1. When the fire control room finds that the air pressure in the air membrane building drops suddenly due to the strong wind tearing the membrane surface or the heavy snow crushing the membrane surface, it will immediately send out a danger alarm to the indoor personnel, the indicator lighting strip of the emergency lighting device will be lit, and the two-speed air supply fan will be started at the same time, so that the outdoor fresh air is delivered to the room through the L-shaped ground pipe of the external air supply pipe, the air supply pipe and several air supply holes located on the vertical surface around the air supply pipe;

[0041] S2. People in the room begin to escape in an orderly manner through the evacuation door or airtight door;

[0042] S3. When the membrane surface collapses to the point where it prevents people from escaping through the evacuation door or airtight door, that is, the sight of people inside is blocked by the collapsed membrane surface or their bodies are at risk of being crushed by the membrane surface, people gather on the facade around the air supply pipe under the guidance of the indicator lighting belt;

[0043] S4. When the membrane surface collapses to the point where the inner surface contacts the collapsed support ring, and most of the surrounding area is scattered on the ground, the membrane surface and the smoke exhaust support system together form a space with a raised middle part;

[0044] S5. At the right time, the trapped person can take a flashlight from the compartment to illuminate, pick up an axe to cut the membrane surface, and then escape to the outside of the air-supported building by themselves;

[0045] S6. After confirming that the trapped persons have completely escaped, turn off the two-speed air supply fan, and then dismantle and repair the membrane surface. The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the smoke exhaust support device of the present invention has outstanding features such as conforming to the structural forming characteristics of the air-supported membrane structure, architectural functional characteristics, strong problem targeting, high solution reliability, low device cost, matching with various indoor facilities, adapting to various types of disasters, and strong operability. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial features of filling the gaps are as follows:

[0046] Through the design of the mother-and-child sleeve type smoke exhaust duct structure with external air supply duct and internal smoke exhaust duct, the indoor space occupied by laying the duct is reduced to 1 / 2 of the original compared with the traditional split type smoke exhaust duct structure, and can be flexibly arranged in combination with the functions of existing buildings and facilities (such as combining with the lower bracket of the high-altitude slide in the indoor amusement park, and combining with the basketball bracket for sports training); it effectively avoids the problem that the traditional smoke exhaust duct and smoke exhaust port cannot be set up on the membrane surface of the air-film building due to its own forming principle.

[0047] During a fire, this method of internal exhaust and external supplementation uses the outdoor temperature supplementary air in the outer casing to perform film heat exchange cooling on the hot flue gas in the inner casing, which can effectively reduce the thermal damage of the hot smoke gas to the connecting parts of the smoke exhaust fan and the smoke exhaust duct. The smoke exhaust fan and smoke exhaust duct, which are required by fire regulations to operate continuously at 280°C for 30 minutes, can now operate continuously at a lower temperature and obtain a longer service life.

[0048] Through the design of the side port I, the Z-shaped heat exchange pipe section can be separated from the L-shaped ground pipe after meeting the necessary heat exchange length, so that the setting of the corresponding smoke exhaust fan and the two-speed air supply fan can meet the requirements of the corresponding standards and specifications;

[0049] Through the design of the internal smoke exhaust pipe, the circular support ring rail can be installed at a higher position free from interference from the membrane surface, thereby enabling the fire inspection system to achieve full coverage of the interior space of the building.

[0050] Through the design of the emergency lighting device, its temporary evacuation instructions and emergency lighting functions can promptly guide internal personnel to move to the area around the air supply pipe to avoid threats such as membrane surface collapse.

[0051] The anti-collision and break-in design of the box can protect the personnel inside from being damaged by the air supply pipe and at the same time provide them with the necessary breaking tools to achieve self-rescue and escape.

[0052] By providing methods for using the system for fire, wind disasters and snow disasters respectively, disaster handling and personnel escape plans are made more targeted, greatly increasing the chances of internal personnel to save themselves and be rescued, and can be used to compile corresponding emergency manuals and guidelines.

[0053] In summary, the present invention is suitable for customized fire protection design of air-supported membrane structure products and fire protection transformation of current air-supported membrane structure projects. It is particularly suitable for places with large spans (60m and above) and complex business formats, and provides emergency evacuation and escape plans for personnel in the event of fire and other accidents and disasters. At the same time, it can provide a reference for the formulation and revision of relevant fire protection standards, which caters to the current vigorous development trend of air-supported membrane structures under the background of "developing mass sports", "preventing and controlling haze", and "constructing emergency refuge (danger) facilities", and has huge social public safety, disaster emergency management and economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of substructure A;

[0056] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structural decomposition of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of the external air supply pipe, the internal smoke exhaust pipe, the emergency lighting device, and the anti-collision and anti-disassembly box of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of the installation structure of the external air supply pipe and the internal smoke exhaust pipe of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the emergency lighting device of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the anti-collision and anti-unpacking box of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 8 It is a working state diagram of the present invention;

[0062] Fig. 9 This is a working state diagram of the present invention after the membrane surface collapses due to a disaster;

[0063] Fig.10 It is a schematic structural diagram of the smoke exhaust port baffle of the present invention when it is opened. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0064] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with examples. The following examples are illustrative rather than restrictive, and the protection scope of the present invention cannot be limited by the following examples.

[0065] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, a smoke exhaust support system for air membrane buildings, the smoke exhaust support system is composed of an external air supply pipe 1, an internal smoke exhaust pipe 2, a collapse support ring 3, a fire inspection system 4, an emergency lighting device 5, and an anti-collision and disassembly box 6;

[0066] The external air supply pipe 1 is composed of an air supply pipe 1-1, a circular top cover 1-2, and an L-shaped ground pipe 1-3;

[0067] The cross section of the air supply pipe 1-1 is rectangular, and a plurality of air supply holes 1-1-1 communicating with the inner cavity of the air supply pipe are respectively arranged on the four sides of the air supply pipe 1-1. The total height of the air supply pipe 1-1 is 2.2 to 2.5 m.

[0068] The circular top cover 1-2 is rectangular, and a through inner square opening Ⅰ1-2-1 is provided in the center of the circular top cover 1-2. The outer contour of the circular top cover 1-2 matches the inner contour of the upper opening of the air delivery pipe 1-1.

[0069] The short limb of the L-shaped ground pipe 1-3 is vertically upward, and the end is the upper port Ⅰ1-3-1, the long limb is placed horizontally, and the end is the air supply port 1-3-3, and a side port Ⅰ1-3-2 is provided on one side wall of the long limb, and the upper port Ⅰ1-3-1, the air supply port 1-3-3 and the side port Ⅰ1-3-2 are connected.

[0070] The inner smoke exhaust pipe 2 is composed of a smoke exhaust pipe section I 2-1, a Z-shaped heat exchange pipe section 2-2, a smoke exhaust pipe section II 2-3, a smoke exhaust port outer frame 2-4, a smoke exhaust port baffle 2-5, a smoke exhaust port support rod 2-6, and a smoke exhaust port guard plate 2-7;

[0071] The cross sections of the smoke exhaust pipe section Ⅰ2-1 and the smoke exhaust pipe section Ⅱ2-3 are both hollow rectangles;

[0072] The upper opening of the vertical part of the Z-shaped heat exchange tube section 2-2 is the upper opening Ⅱ2-2-1, and the end of the horizontal part of the tube section is the side opening Ⅱ2-2-2, and the upper opening Ⅱ2-2-1 and the side opening Ⅱ2-2-2 are connected;

[0073] The smoke exhaust port outer frame 2-4 is a circular frame structure, and a clamping hole 2-4-1 is respectively provided on a set of opposite vertical frame surfaces, and the two clamping holes 2-4-1 are located opposite to each other;

[0074] The smoke outlet baffle 2-5 is a rectangular plate in plane, and a convex rod 2-5-1 is respectively provided on a set of opposite vertical surfaces, and the two convex rods 2-5-1 are located opposite to each other;

[0075] The Z-shaped heat exchange tube section 2-2 is a thin-walled stainless steel heat exchange structure or an aluminum alloy heat exchange structure.

[0076] The fire inspection system 4 is composed of a self-driven roller 4-1, a balance support 4-2 and a fire monitoring wireless video recorder 4-3. The vertical end of the balance support 4-2 is fixed with the fire monitoring wireless video recorder 4-3, and the horizontal end of the balance support 4-2 is fixed with a self-driven roller 4-1 with a motor.

[0077] The self-driving roller (4-1) which adopts charging or solar power supply mode can move periodically on the circular support ring track (3-1) after receiving the wireless speed regulation signal;

[0078] The fire monitoring wireless video recorder (4-3) powered by charging or solar energy has the function of identifying the fire source and locating the fire source through a built-in algorithm, and the identification algorithm can be updated through wireless transmission;

[0079] The emergency lighting device 5 is composed of a protective plate 5-1 and an indicator lighting strip 5-2;

[0080] The protection plate 5-1 is in the shape of a round cake, and a through inner square opening II5-1-1 is provided at the center of the protection plate 5-1, and a circle of indicating lighting belt 5-2 is provided along the bottom surface of the protection plate 5-1 near the outer periphery.

[0081] The anti-collision and disassembly box 6 is a hollow box body, the front of the anti-collision and disassembly box 6 is a storage compartment 6-2, the outer frame surface of the storage compartment 6-2 is a curved vertical surface, and a layer of anti-collision belt 6-1 is provided on the outer edge of the curved open surface. The vertical surfaces on both sides of the anti-collision and disassembly box 6 are closed backwards, and the back of the anti-collision and disassembly box 6 is a right-angle vertical surface 6-3;

[0082] The installation height of the anti-collision and anti-disassembly box 6 is between 1.2 and 1.5m.

[0083] The horizontal section of the Z-shaped heat exchange pipe section 2-2 of the inner smoke exhaust pipe 2 is arranged in the tube cavity of the L-shaped ground tube 1-3, and the side opening II2-2-2 at the end of the horizontal section is butted with the side opening I1-3-2 of the L-shaped ground tube 1-3 from the tube cavity, and the vertical section of the Z-shaped heat exchange pipe section 2-2 extends outward from the upper opening I1-3-1 of the L-shaped ground tube 1-3, and one end of the smoke exhaust pipe section II2-3 is butted with the side opening I1-3-2 from the outside of the tube cavity of the L-shaped ground tube 1-3, and the smoke exhaust pipe section II2-3 is communicated with the inner cavity of the Z-shaped heat exchange pipe section 2-2;

[0084] Fix the circular top cover 1-2 in the upper opening of the air supply pipe 1-1, and make the top surface of the circular top cover 1-2 flush with the upper opening of the air supply pipe 1-1;

[0085] The lower end of the air delivery pipe 1-1 is placed on the outside of the vertical portion of the Z-shaped heat exchange pipe section 2-2 and connected to the upper end Ⅰ1-3-1 of the L-shaped ground pipe 1-3, so that the air delivery pipe 1-1 is connected to the inner cavity of the L-shaped ground pipe 1-3;

[0086] Connect the inner square opening Ⅰ1-2-1 of the round-shaped top cover 1-2 to the upper opening Ⅱ2-2-1 of the Z-shaped heat exchange tube section 2-2 and the lower opening of the smoke exhaust tube section Ⅰ2-1 respectively, and the smoke exhaust tube section Ⅰ2-1 is connected to the inner cavity of the Z-shaped heat exchange tube section 2-2;

[0087] There is a gap between the outer wall of the Z-shaped heat exchange tube section 2-2 and the inner walls of the L-shaped ground tube 1-3 and the air supply tube 1-1;

[0088] The inner square opening II5-1-1 of the emergency lighting device 5 is passed through the upright smoke exhaust pipe section I2-1 and mounted outside the upper opening of the air supply pipe 1-1, and fixed on the outer wall of the air supply pipe 1-1. The top surface of the emergency lighting device 5 is flush with the upper opening surface of the air supply pipe 1-1, and the outer edge of the bottom surface of the emergency lighting device 5 is provided with a circle of downward indicating lighting strip 5-2;

[0089] Fix the smoke outlet outer frame 2-4 on the upper end of the smoke exhaust pipe section I 2-1, fix the lower ends of four smoke outlet support rods 2-6 on the four corners of the top surface of the smoke outlet outer frame 2-4, and fix the upper ends of the four smoke outlet support rods 2-6 on the smoke outlet guard plate 2-7;

[0090] Insert the two protruding rods 2-5-1 of the smoke outlet baffle 2-5 into the two clamping holes 2-4-1 of the smoke outlet outer frame 2-4, so that the smoke outlet baffle 2-5 can be turned over in the smoke outlet outer frame 2-4;

[0091] The collapse support ring 3 is fixed on the smoke outlet guard plate 2-7 by the cross support 3-2 arranged on the inner ring surface, the self-driving roller 4-1 of the fire inspection system 4 is arranged on the circular support ring track 3-1 of the collapse support ring 3, the fire inspection system 4 moves periodically on the circular support ring track 3-1, and the fire monitoring wireless video recorder 4-3 of the fire inspection system 4 completes the capture of the fire situation and the transmission of information;

[0092] The right-angled vertical surfaces 6-3 of the four anti-collision and demolition boxes 6 are respectively matched with the four right-angled vertical sides of the external air supply pipe 1 and fixed on the outer surface of the external air supply pipe 1. The other vertical surface of the four anti-collision and demolition boxes 6 is an arc-shaped vertical surface with a storage compartment 6-2, and a layer of anti-collision belt 6-1 is provided on the open outer edge of the arc surface of the storage compartment 6-2; a necessary number of easy-to-use membrane surface demolition tools such as flashlights and axes are arranged inside the storage compartment 6-2.

[0093] The circular support ring rail 3-1 is powered by two copper ring rails for providing power at the lower edge of the circular support ring rail 3-1, and two Z-shaped spring sheets are installed on the horizontal end of the balance support frame 4-2. The spring sheets are reliably crimped with the two copper ring rails through the elastic force of the spring sheets, and the power cord is connected to the two copper ring rails through the external air supply pipe 1 or the internal smoke exhaust pipe 2. The power supply provides power to the fire inspection system 4 through the two copper ring rails and the two Z-shaped spring sheets.

[0094] like Figures 8 to 10 As shown, a method for using a smoke exhaust support system for an air membrane building, the steps are as follows:

[0095] The smoke exhaust support system is set in the air film building 7, and the main body of the L-shaped ground pipe 1-3 of the smoke exhaust support system is buried below the ground 7-3, and its upper opening Ⅰ1-3-1 is kept flush with the ground 7-3.

[0096] The collapse support ring 3 of the smoke exhaust prevention support system is placed below the membrane surface 7-1, with a net distance of 1.0 to 2.0 m from the membrane surface 7-1 in a normal state. The air supply port 1-3-3 of the L-shaped ground pipe 1-3 is connected to the double-speed air supply fan, and the free end of the smoke exhaust pipe section II 2-3 is connected to the smoke exhaust fan. A circle of U-shaped wall 7-2 is formed between the membrane surface 7-1 and the ground 7-3. A partially or completely transparent membrane surface (7-1) is used to realize the lighting of the air membrane building (7) and the solar power supply for the self-driving roller (4-1) and the fire monitoring wireless video recorder (4-3);

[0097] 1. Under fire conditions;

[0098] S1, the self-driving roller 4-1 of the fire inspection system 4 drives the fire monitoring wireless video recorder 4-3 to move along the circular support ring track 3-1 through the balance support frame 4-2 and conduct normal inspection;

[0099] S2, after a fire occurs on the ground 7-3 or somewhere in the space of the air-supported building 7, the fire monitoring wireless video recorder 4-3 quickly finds and locates the fire location and sends the fire information to the fire control room;

[0100] S3, at the same time, the fire control room sends a fire alarm to the people in the air-supported building 7, and the indicator lighting strip 5-2 of the emergency lighting device 5 is lit;

[0101] S4, the indoor personnel begin to escape. When the fire control room finds that the smoke gathers under the membrane surface 7-1, the smoke exhaust fan is started. The smoke exhaust port baffle 2-5 is affected by the air pressure and self-induction flips to an upright state. The high-temperature smoke passes through the interval area of ​​the four smoke exhaust port support rods 2-6 and enters the smoke exhaust port outer frame 2-4. It is discharged to the outside through the smoke exhaust pipe section I 2-1, the Z-shaped heat exchange pipe section 2-2, and the smoke exhaust pipe section II 2-3. At this time, the indoor of the air membrane building 7 is in an overpressure state.

[0102] S5. When the fire control room finds that the indoor air pressure drops suddenly due to the rupture of the membrane surface 7-1 or the opening of the emergency evacuation door, the dual-speed air supply fan is started and runs at full load, so that the outdoor fresh air is delivered to the room through the L-shaped ground pipe 1-3 of the external air supply pipe 1, the air supply pipe 1-1 and the several air supply holes 1-1-1 located on the vertical surface around the air supply pipe 1-1;

[0103] S6. When the membrane surface 7-1 collapses to a height that prevents people from escaping through the evacuation door or the airtight door, that is, the sight of the people in the room is blocked by the collapsed membrane surface 7-1 or the body is in danger of being pressed by the membrane surface 7-1, under the guidance of the indicator lighting strip 5-2, the people gather on the vertical surface around the air supply pipe 1-1;

[0104] S7. When the membrane surface 7-1 collapses to the inner surface and contacts the collapse support ring 3, and most of the surrounding parts are scattered on the ground 7-3, the membrane surface 7-1 and the smoke exhaust support system together form a space with a raised middle part. At this time, smoke gathers in the space above the emergency lighting device 5. The fresh air output from the several air supply holes 1-1-1 protects the surrounding personnel from the harm of high-temperature smoke and has a cooling effect on the flame radiation received, and maintains the personnel's field of vision without being blocked by smoke;

[0105] S8, at an appropriate time, the trapped person takes a flashlight from the storage compartment 6-2 to illuminate, takes an axe to cut the membrane surface 7-1, and then can escape to the outside of the air-supported building 7 by himself;

[0106] S9. After confirming that the trapped personnel have completely escaped, turn off the smoke exhaust fan and the two-speed air supply fan, and then dismantle and repair the membrane surface 7-1;

[0107] 2. Under conditions of wind or snow disasters;

[0108] S1. When the fire control room finds that the air pressure in the air film building 7 drops suddenly due to the strong wind tearing the membrane surface 7-1 or the heavy snow crushing the membrane surface 7-1, it immediately sends a danger alarm to the indoor personnel, the indicator lighting strip 5-2 of the emergency lighting device 5 is lit, and the dual-speed air supply fan is started at the same time, so that the outdoor fresh air is delivered to the room through the L-shaped ground pipe 1-3 of the external air supply pipe 1, the air supply pipe 1-1 and the several air supply holes 1-1-1 located on the vertical surface around the air supply pipe 1-1;

[0109] S2. People in the room begin to escape in an orderly manner through the evacuation door or airtight door;

[0110] S3. When the membrane surface 7-1 collapses to the point where it prevents people from escaping through the evacuation door or the airtight door, that is, the sight of people inside the room is blocked by the collapsed membrane surface 7-1 or there is a risk that their bodies will be crushed by the membrane surface 7-1, people will gather on the facade around the air supply pipe 1-1 under the guidance of the indicator lighting strip 5-2;

[0111] S4, when the membrane surface 7-1 collapses to the inner surface and contacts the collapsed support ring 3, and most of the periphery is scattered on the ground 7-3, the membrane surface 7-1 and the smoke exhaust support system together form a space with a raised middle part;

[0112] S5. At an appropriate time, the trapped person takes a flashlight from the compartment 6-2 to illuminate, and takes an axe to cut the membrane surface 7-1, and then can escape to the outside of the air-supported building 7 by himself;

[0113] S6. After confirming that the trapped personnel have completely escaped, turn off the dual-speed air supply fan, and then dismantle and repair the membrane surface 7-1. The cross-sectional specifications of the Z-shaped heat exchange pipe section 2-2, the air supply pipe 1-1 and the L-shaped ground pipe 1-3 are calculated based on the requirements of smoke exhaust, air supply and cooling and heat exchange inside and outside the Z-shaped heat exchange pipe section 2-2.

[0114] For an air-supported membrane structure building with a cable net on the outer side of the membrane surface 7-1, the area of ​​the circular support ring rail 3-1 should be larger than the area of ​​the diamond grid of the cable net.

[0115] When necessary, a fireproof protective layer can be provided on the outer surface of the smoke exhaust pipe section Ⅰ2-1, especially when used as the lower support of a high-altitude slide in an indoor amusement park or as a basketball support for sports training, to prevent additional deformation of the smoke exhaust pipe section Ⅰ2-1 itself and avoid the risk of scalding for surrounding personnel.

Claims

1. A smoke exhaust support system for air membrane buildings, characterized in that: The smoke exhaust support system is composed of an external air supply pipe (1), an internal smoke exhaust pipe (2), a collapse support ring (3), a fire inspection system (4), an emergency lighting device (5), and an anti-collision and disassembly box (6); The horizontal section of the Z-shaped heat exchange tube section (2-2) of the inner smoke exhaust pipe (2) is arranged in the tube cavity of the L-shaped ground tube (1-3), the side opening II (2-2-2) at the end of the horizontal section is butted together with the side opening I (1-3-2) of the L-shaped ground tube (1-3) from the tube cavity, the vertical section of the Z-shaped heat exchange tube section (2-2) extends outward from the upper opening I (1-3-1) of the L-shaped ground tube (1-3), one end of the smoke exhaust tube section II (2-3) is butted together with the side opening I (1-3-2) from the outside of the tube cavity of the L-shaped ground tube (1-3), and the smoke exhaust tube section II (2-3) is communicated with the inner cavity of the Z-shaped heat exchange tube section (2-2); A circular top cover (1-2) is fixed inside the upper opening of the air supply pipe (1-1), the top surface of the circular top cover (1-2) is flush with the upper opening of the air supply pipe (1-1), and a plurality of air supply holes (1-1-1) are respectively provided on the vertical surfaces around the air supply pipe (1-1); The lower end of the air supply pipe (1-1) is sleeved on the outside of the vertical portion of the Z-shaped heat exchange pipe section (2-2) and is butt-jointed with the upper end I (1-3-1) of the L-shaped ground pipe (1-3), and the air supply pipe (1-1) is in communication with the inner cavity of the L-shaped ground pipe (1-3); The inner square opening I (1-2-1) of the round top cover (1-2) is respectively connected to the upper opening II (2-2-1) of the Z-shaped heat exchange tube section (2-2) and the lower opening of the smoke exhaust tube section I (2-1); the smoke exhaust tube section I (2-1) is in communication with the inner cavity of the Z-shaped heat exchange tube section (2-2); A gap is maintained between the outer wall of the Z-shaped heat exchange tube section (2-2) and the inner walls of the L-shaped ground tube (1-3) and the air supply tube (1-1); The inner square opening II (5-1-1) of the emergency lighting device (5) passes through the upright smoke exhaust pipe section I (2-1) and is sleeved on the outer side of the upper opening of the air supply pipe (1-1), and is fixed on the outer side wall of the air supply pipe (1-1). The top surface of the emergency lighting device (5) is flush with the upper opening of the air supply pipe (1-1), and the outer edge of the bottom surface of the emergency lighting device (5) is provided with a circle of downward indicating lighting strip (5-2); The smoke exhaust outlet outer frame (2-4) is fixed on the upper end of the smoke exhaust pipe section I (2-1), the lower ends of four smoke exhaust outlet support rods (2-6) are fixed at the four corners of the top surface of the smoke exhaust outlet outer frame (2-4), and the upper ends of the four smoke exhaust outlet support rods (2-6) are fixed to the smoke exhaust outlet guard plate (2-7); The two protruding rods (2-5-1) of the smoke exhaust port baffle (2-5) are inserted into the two clamping holes (2-4-1) of the smoke exhaust port outer frame (2-4), and the smoke exhaust port baffle (2-5) can be turned over in the smoke exhaust port outer frame (2-4); The collapse support ring (3) is fixed on the smoke outlet guard plate (2-7) through a cross support (3-2) arranged on the inner ring surface; the self-driving roller (4-1) of the fire inspection system (4) is arranged on the circular support ring track (3-1) of the collapse support ring (3); the fire inspection system (4) moves periodically on the circular support ring track (3-1); and the fire monitoring wireless video recorder (4-3) of the fire inspection system (4) completes the capture of the fire situation and the transmission of information; The right-angled vertical surfaces (6-3) of the four anti-collision and breakage boxes (6) respectively cooperate with the four right-angled vertical sides of the external air supply pipe (1) and are fixed on the outer surface of the external air supply pipe (1); the other vertical surfaces of the four anti-collision and breakage boxes (6) are arc-shaped vertical surfaces with storage compartments (6-2); and a layer of anti-collision strips (6-1) are provided on the outer edge of the arc-shaped open surface of the storage compartments (6-2); The external air supply pipe (1) is composed of an air supply pipe (1-1), a circular top cover (1-2), and an L-shaped ground pipe (1-3); The cross section of the air supply pipe (1-1) is rectangular, and a plurality of air supply holes (1-1-1) communicating with the inner cavity of the air supply pipe are respectively arranged on the four sides of the air supply pipe (1-1), and the total height of the air supply pipe (1-1) is 2.2 to 2.5 m; The circular top cover (1-2) is rectangular, and a through inner square opening I (1-2-1) is provided at the center of the circular top cover (1-2). The outer contour of the circular top cover (1-2) matches the inner contour of the upper opening of the air supply pipe (1-1); The short limb of the L-shaped ground pipe (1-3) is vertically upward and the end thereof is an upper port I (1-3-1), the long limb is horizontally arranged and the end thereof is an air supply port (1-3-3), and a side port I (1-3-2) is provided on one side wall of the long limb, and the upper port I (1-3-1), the air supply port (1-3-3) and the side port I (1-3-2) are connected; The inner smoke exhaust pipe (2) is composed of a smoke exhaust pipe section I (2-1), a Z-shaped heat exchange pipe section (2-2), a smoke exhaust pipe section II (2-3), a smoke exhaust port outer frame (2-4), a smoke exhaust port baffle (2-5), a smoke exhaust port support rod (2-6), and a smoke exhaust port guard plate (2-7); The cross sections of the smoke exhaust pipe section I (2-1) and the smoke exhaust pipe section II (2-3) are both hollow rectangles; The upper opening of the vertical portion of the Z-shaped heat exchange pipe section (2-2) is the upper opening II (2-2-1), and the end of the horizontal portion is the side opening II (2-2-2), and the upper opening II (2-2-1) and the side opening II (2-2-2) are connected; The smoke exhaust port outer frame (2-4) is a circular frame structure, and a clamping hole (2-4-1) is respectively provided on a set of opposite vertical frame surfaces, and the two clamping holes (2-4-1) are located opposite to each other; The smoke outlet baffle (2-5) is a rectangular plate in plane, and is provided with a convex rod (2-5-1) on a set of opposite vertical surfaces, respectively, and the two convex rods (2-5-1) are located opposite to each other; The Z-shaped heat exchange tube section (2-2) is a thin-walled stainless steel heat exchange structure or an aluminum alloy heat exchange structure; The fire inspection system (4) is composed of a self-driven roller (4-1), a balance support (4-2) and a fire monitoring wireless video recorder (4-3); the fire monitoring wireless video recorder (4-3) is fixed at the vertical end of the balance support (4-2), and the self-driven roller (4-1) with a motor is fixed at the horizontal end of the balance support (4-2); The self-driving roller (4-1) using the circular support ring rail (3-1) or solar power supply mode can move periodically on the circular support ring rail (3-1) after receiving the wireless speed regulation signal; The fire monitoring wireless video recorder (4-3) powered by charging or solar energy has the function of identifying the fire source and locating the fire source through a built-in algorithm, and the identification algorithm can be updated through wireless transmission; The emergency lighting device (5) is composed of a protective plate (5-1) and an indicator lighting strip (5-2); The protective plate (5-1) is in the shape of a circular cake, and a through inner square opening II (5-1-1) is provided at the center of the protective plate (5-1), and a circle of indicating lighting strip (5-2) is provided along the bottom surface of the protective plate (5-1) near the outer periphery; The anti-collision and breakage box (6) is a hollow box body, the front of the anti-collision and breakage box (6) is a storage compartment (6-2), the outer frame surface of the storage compartment (6-2) is a curved vertical surface, a layer of anti-collision belt (6-1) is provided on the outer edge of the curved open surface, the vertical surfaces on both sides of the anti-collision and breakage box (6) are in a backward closing shape, and the back of the anti-collision and breakage box (6) is a right-angle vertical surface (6-3); The installation height of the anti-collision and teardown box (6) is between 1.2 and 1.5 m.

2. A method for using the smoke exhaust support system for air membrane buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: Here are the steps: The smoke exhaust support system is installed in the air film building (7), and the main body of the L-shaped ground pipe (1-3) of the smoke exhaust support system is buried below the ground (7-3), and the upper opening I (1-3-1) thereof is kept flush with the ground (7-3). The collapse support ring (3) of the smoke exhaust prevention support system is placed below the membrane surface (7-1) and has a net distance of 1.0 to 2.0 m from the membrane surface (7-1) in a normal state. The air supply port (1-3-3) of the L-shaped ground pipe (1-3) is connected to the dual-speed air supply fan, and the free end of the smoke exhaust pipe section II (2-3) is connected to the smoke exhaust fan. A circle of U-shaped walls (7-2) is formed between the membrane surface (7-1) and the ground (7-3). The partially or completely transparent membrane surface (7-1) is used to realize the lighting of the air film building (7) and the solar power supply for the self-driving roller (4-1) and the fire monitoring wireless video recorder (4-3); 1. Under fire conditions; S1, the self-driving roller (4-1) of the fire inspection system (4) drives the fire monitoring wireless video recorder (4-3) to move along the circular support ring track (3-1) through the balance support frame (4-2) and perform normal inspection; S2. After a fire occurs on the ground (7-3) or somewhere in the space of the air-supported building (7), the fire monitoring wireless video recorder (4-3) quickly finds and locates the fire location and sends the fire information to the fire control room; S3. At the same time, the fire control room sends a fire alarm to the people inside the air-supported building (7), and the indicator lighting strip (5-2) of the emergency lighting device (5) is lit; S4, the people inside begin to escape. When the fire control room finds that smoke is gathering under the membrane surface (7-1), the smoke exhaust fan is started. The smoke exhaust port baffle (2-5) is affected by the air pressure and self-induction flips to an upright state. The high-temperature smoke passes through the interval area of ​​the four smoke exhaust port support rods (2-6) and enters the smoke exhaust port outer frame (2-4). It is then discharged to the outside through the smoke exhaust pipe section I (2-1), the Z-shaped heat exchange pipe section (2-2), and the smoke exhaust pipe section II (2-3). At this time, the indoor space of the air-film building (7) is in an overpressure state. S5. When the fire control room finds that the indoor air pressure drops suddenly due to the membrane surface (7-1) being broken or the emergency evacuation door being opened, the two-speed air supply fan is started and runs at full load, so that outdoor fresh air is delivered to the room through the L-shaped ground pipe (1-3) of the external air supply pipe (1), the air supply pipe (1-1) and the several air supply holes (1-1-1) located on the vertical surface around the air supply pipe (1-1); S6. When the membrane surface (7-1) collapses to a height that prevents people from escaping through the evacuation door or the airtight door, that is, the sight of people inside the room is blocked by the collapsed membrane surface (7-1) or their bodies are at risk of being crushed by the membrane surface (7-1), under the guidance of the indicator lighting strip (5-2), the people gather on the facade around the air supply pipe (1-1); S7. When the membrane surface (7-1) collapses to the inner surface and contacts the collapsed support ring (3), and most of the surrounding area is scattered on the ground (7-3), the membrane surface (7-1) and the smoke exhaust support system together form a space with a raised middle part. At this time, smoke gathers in the space above the emergency lighting device (5). The fresh air output from the several air supply holes (1-1-1) protects the surrounding personnel from the harm of high-temperature smoke and has a cooling effect on the flame radiation received, and maintains the personnel's field of vision without being blocked by smoke; S8. At an appropriate time, the trapped person takes a flashlight from the storage compartment (6-2) to illuminate the space, and then takes an axe to cut the membrane surface (7-1), thereby achieving self-rescue and escaping to the outside of the air-supported building (7); S9. After confirming that the trapped personnel have completely escaped, turn off the smoke exhaust fan and the two-speed air supply fan, and then dismantle and repair the membrane surface (7-1); 2. Under conditions of wind or snow disasters; S1. When the fire control room finds that the air pressure in the air membrane building (7) drops suddenly due to the strong wind tearing the membrane surface (7-1) or the heavy snow crushing the membrane surface (7-1), a danger alarm is immediately issued to the people in the room, the indicator lighting strip (5-2) of the emergency lighting device (5) is lit, and the two-speed air supply fan is started at the same time, so that the outdoor fresh air is delivered to the room through the L-shaped ground pipe (1-3) of the external air supply pipe (1), the air supply pipe (1-1) and the several air supply holes (1-1-1) located on the vertical surface around the air supply pipe (1-1); S2. People in the room begin to escape in an orderly manner through the evacuation door or airtight door; S3. When the membrane surface (7-1) collapses to the point where it prevents people from escaping through the evacuation door or the airtight door, that is, the sight of people inside the room is blocked by the collapsed membrane surface (7-1) or there is a risk that their bodies will be crushed by the membrane surface (7-1), under the guidance of the indicator lighting strip (5-2), people gather on the facade around the air supply pipe (1-1); S4. When the membrane surface (7-1) collapses to the inner surface and contacts the collapsed support ring (3), and most of the surrounding area is scattered on the ground (7-3), the membrane surface (7-1) and the smoke exhaust support system together form a space with a raised middle part; S5. At an appropriate time, the trapped person takes a flashlight from the storage compartment (6-2) to illuminate the space, and then takes an axe to cut the membrane surface (7-1), thereby achieving self-rescue and escaping to the outside of the air-supported building (7); S6. After confirming that the trapped persons have completely escaped, turn off the two-speed air supply fan and subsequently dismantle and repair the membrane surface (7-1).

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