Rail vehicles and bogies

Abstract

The present invention discloses a rail vehicle and a bogie. In the present invention, the frame is configured to have an H-structure box body and two axle boxes are located on the inner side of the corresponding side longitudinal beam body, so that the lateral spacing size of the frame can be reduced. Practice has proved that the axle box built into the side beam can achieve a volume reduction of about 10%, a weight reduction of about 10%-15%, and thus reduce air resistance, energy saving and emission reduction; the longitudinal beam body is located on the inner side of the wheel, the span of the two longitudinal beam bodies is reduced, and the torsional stiffness of the frame is reduced, which is conducive to improving the curve passing ability. In addition, by installing in an elastic hanging manner, vibration decoupling is formed on the frame, which is conducive to achieving weight decoupling between large springs and improving the critical speed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of rail vehicles, and in particular to a rail vehicle and a bogie. Background Art

[0002] Bogies are an important part of rail vehicles. The main functions of bogies include bearing loads, transmitting forces, buffering and guiding. Therefore, the performance of the bogie structure directly determines the vehicle's traction capacity, running quality, and the safety and stability of the train.

[0003] The bogie mainly consists of a frame, a suspension device, a drive device, a basic brake device and a wheelset. The wheels of the wheelset directly transfer the weight of the vehicle to the rails, generate traction and braking force through wheel-rail adhesion, and realize the running guidance of the vehicle on the line through the rotation of the wheelset. The frame is the skeleton part of the bogie, which is used to install various parts of the bogie and bear and transmit vertical and horizontal forces. The suspension device plays a role in alleviating impact vibration. The drive device can transmit the power generated by the power unit to the wheels. In addition, the basic brake device is to increase the transmission of the brake cylinder by a certain factor and then transmit it to the executing mechanical mechanism to achieve train braking.

[0004] How to improve the performance of the bogie while ensuring the stability of the train at high speed, especially to meet the needs of a smaller driving environment, is an urgent problem that technical personnel in this field need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0005] The invention provides a bogie with a small volume and applicable to a rail vehicle with a small running space.

[0006] The present invention provides a bogie for a rail vehicle, characterized in that it comprises the following components:

[0007] The frame includes two box-shaped longitudinal beam bodies and one cross beam body, wherein the two longitudinal beam bodies are respectively welded to two ends of the cross beam body, and the cross beam body and the two longitudinal beam bodies form an H shape;

[0008] The wheelset comprises an axle box, an axle and wheels mounted on both ends of the axle, the two longitudinal beam bodies are located between the wheels of the wheelset, and the axle box is positioned on the inner side of the longitudinal beam body through a series of suspension devices;

[0009] The driving system at least comprises a gear box and a driving motor. After the components constituting the driving system form an integral body, the integral body is positioned on the frame through an elastic suspension mechanism.

[0010] In the present invention, the frame is configured as an H-structure box, and both axle boxes are located on the inner side of the corresponding side longitudinal beam body, so that the lateral spacing size of the frame can be reduced. Practice has proved that the axle box built into the side beam can achieve a volume reduction of about 10%, a weight reduction of about 10%-15%, and thus reduce air resistance, energy saving and emission reduction; the longitudinal beam body is located on the inner side of the wheel, the span of the two longitudinal beam bodies is reduced, and the torsional stiffness of the frame is reduced, which is conducive to improving the curve passing ability. In addition, the drive system is decoupled from the frame through the elastic suspension mechanism, and the stability is high.

[0011] Optionally, a central suspension device is also included, including an anti-roll torsion bar and vertical tie rods arranged at both ends of the anti-roll torsion bar, and the other end of each vertical tie rod passes through the through hole on the corresponding side of the crossbeam body to connect to the rocker located above the frame.

[0012] Optionally, the drive system further comprises an input end coupling, a bearing and an output end coupling; the input end coupling is fixed to the output end of the drive motor, and the input end coupling and the input end of the gear box are supported by the same set of bearings;

[0013] Alternatively or alternatively, the end face of the output gear shaft of the gear box is provided with end face teeth for meshing with the corresponding end of the output end coupling.

[0014] Optionally, the elastic suspension mechanism includes three rubber nodes, and the center of a triangle formed by connecting the three rubber nodes coincides with the center of gravity of the drive system.

[0015] Optionally, a coupling is fixed to the output end of the driving motor, and the coupling and the input end of the axle box are supported on the frame through the same set of bearings.

[0016] Optionally, the central traction device is further included, which includes a traction beam, a traction pin and a traction rod. The number of the traction rods is two. An articulated seat hinged to one end of the traction rod is provided on the inner side of each end of the traction beam. The other end of the traction rod is hinged to the articulated seat provided on the frame crossbeam. The two traction rods are separated on both sides of the traction beam.

[0017] Optionally, the longitudinal beam body includes an intermediate connecting section, which includes an upper cover plate, a lower cover plate, an inner plate and an outer plate, the side edge of the upper cover plate portion extends inward to form an upper wall of the box portion of the cross beam body, and the side edge of the lower cover plate portion extends inward to form a lower wall of the box portion of the cross beam body.

[0018] Optionally, the crossbeam body includes an upper plate body, a lower plate body and two vertical plates, which form a box structure, and both ends of the two vertical plates extend to the outside of the corresponding ends of the upper plate body and the lower plate body; the two vertical plates are welded to the inner plates of the middle connecting section on the corresponding sides; the side edges of the upper cover plate portion extend inward to form a first inner extension section, and the side edges of the lower cover plate portion extend inward to form a second inner extension section, and the first inner extension section and the second inner extension section are respectively butt-welded to the upper plate body and the lower plate body of the crossbeam body; the two vertical plates are welded to the inner plates of the middle connecting section on the corresponding sides.

[0019] Optionally, it also includes a support tube that transversely penetrates the longitudinal beam body, the inner end of the support tube passes through the longitudinal beam body to form a first gear box hanger, and the support tube extends outward to the outside of the longitudinal beam body to form a brake hanger and a height valve mounting seat.

[0020] Optionally, the primary suspension device includes the following components:

[0021] The spring assembly includes two spring assemblies, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the axle box and are symmetrical about the central axis of the axle box; the spring assembly includes a tray and a main spring, the tray is fixedly connected to the axle box, and the main spring is vertically arranged between the corresponding tray and the frame;

[0022] A rubber assembly is arranged between the top wall of the axle box and the corresponding frame, the rubber assembly comprises a frame and a rubber body mounted on the frame, the frame comprises a mounting structure for cooperating and fixing with the frame, and the rubber body is positioned vertically with the top wall of the axle box through a fixing member;

[0023] The pull rod is longitudinally arranged and has two ends respectively hinged to the axle box and the frame, so as to provide longitudinal rigidity.

[0024] Optionally, the rubber body is provided with a vertically extending mounting hole, at least the lower end of the mounting hole is an open structure, and at least a part of the mounting hole section cooperates with the mounting boss provided on the top wall of the axle box.

[0025] Optionally, the mounting hole is a through-hole structure, and a rigid sleeve is combined therein, the rigid sleeve comprises a top wall and a cylinder extending downward from the outer edge of the top wall, the lower end of the cylinder is open, the outer wall of the cylinder is combined with the inner wall of the mounting hole, at least a part of the hole section of the inner hole of the cylinder is interference fit with the mounting boss, and the top wall of the rigid sleeve is fixedly connected to the mounting boss through the fixing member;

[0026] Alternatively or / and, the rubber body comprises a plurality of rubber blocks and a rigid body arranged between adjacent rubber blocks, the size of the whole formed by the combination of each rubber block and each rigid body gradually increases from both ends to the middle, and both ends of the rubber body are respectively fixed to the corresponding inner walls of the frame.

[0027] Optionally, the spring assembly includes a limit rod, the upper end of which is fixedly connected to the frame, and the lower end of which passes through the tray, and a limit block is provided at a rod section of the limit rod located below the tray to limit the limit rod from escaping from the tray, and under normal conditions, there is a predetermined distance between the limit block and the bottom wall of the tray;

[0028] Alternatively / and, the spring assembly includes an upper mounting plate, the upper mounting plate includes a vertically extending column, the upper end portion of the limit rod is an external threaded section, and the column is provided with an internal threaded section that cooperates with the external threaded section; the upper end of the column is fixedly connected to the frame, and the main spring is sleeved on the periphery of the column.

[0029] Optionally, it also includes an active vertical shock absorber, which is vertically arranged beside the axle box. The upper end of the active vertical shock absorber is hinged to the frame, and the lower end is hinged to a support seat fixed to the side wall of the axle box.

[0030] Optionally, the number of the pull rod is one, the front end of the pull rod is hinged to the tray via a hinge seat, and the rear end of the pull rod is hinged to the frame via a hinge seat, wherein the hinge seat includes an elastomer and a rigid hinge rod, the rigid hinge rod is partially combined with the inside of the elastomer, and both ends extend out of the elastomer, both ends of the rigid hinge rod are provided with hinge holes, and both ends of the pull rod are provided with mounting through holes, when installing, the elastomer is tensioned and installed inside the mounting through hole, and the hinge hole of the hinge seat hinged to the tray is axially longitudinally arranged, and the hinge hole of the hinge seat hinged to the frame is axially vertically arranged.

[0031] In addition, the present invention also provides a rail vehicle, comprising a bogie and a vehicle body, wherein the bogie is the bogie of the rail vehicle described in any one of the above items.

[0032] Since the rail vehicle provided by the present invention includes the above-mentioned bogie, the rail vehicle also has the above-mentioned technical effects of the bogie. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a framework in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 for Figure 1 a top view of the illustrated structure;

[0035] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A partial schematic diagram of the structure shown;

[0036] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a longitudinal beam body in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a crossbeam assembly in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of the beam assembly in another direction;

[0039] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A partial enlarged view of the structure shown;

[0040] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of a bogie partial structure in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Fig. 9 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a rubber component in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the structure of an articulated seat in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Fig.11 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a drive system in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of the arrangement of an elastic suspension mechanism of a drive system in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Fig.13 The figure is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a bogie in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] in, Figure 1-Figure 13 The one-to-one correspondence between the reference numerals and the components is as follows:

[0047] 11-first longitudinal beam body; 111-bending box section of the first longitudinal beam body; 112-first upper cover plate; 12-second longitudinal beam body; 120-bending box section of the second longitudinal beam body; 121-second upper cover plate; 1211-first inner extension section; 122-lower cover plate; 1221-second inner extension section; 20-cross beam body; 21-upper plate body; 211-first extension part; 22-lower plate body; 221-second extension part; 23-vertical plate; 24-reinforcement rib; 231-extension section; 3 0-additional box; 40-air spring mounting seat; 40'-air spring; 50-second gearbox mounting seat; 53-motor hanging seat; 60-support column; 61-first gearbox mounting seat; 62-brake hanging seat; 63-height valve mounting seat; 71-first lateral stop block; 72-second lateral stop block; 80-traction rod seat; 81-motor lateral vibration damping seat; 82-motor lateral stop seat; 821-first plate; 822-second plate; 821a-hoisting hole; 90-spring sleeve;

[0048] 8-0-drive system; 8-1-drive motor; 8-2-input end coupling; 8-3-bearing; 8-4 input end; 8-6 end face gear; 8-7-output end coupling; 8-8-gear box.

[0049] 1-frame; 2-axle box; 2-1-mounting boss; 3-spring assembly; 31-main spring; 32-limit rod; 321-limit block; 33-upper mounting plate; 331-column; 4-rubber assembly; 41-rubber body; 411-rubber block; 412-rigid body; 42-frame; 43-rigid sleeve; 44-screw; 5-pull rod; 6-1-first hinge seat; 6-2-second hinge seat; 601-elastic body; 602-rigid hinge rod; 603-hinge hole; 7-active vertical shock absorber;

[0050] 7-0-wheelset composition; 5-0-central traction device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0052] Please refer to Figures 1 to 13 The rail vehicle at least includes a frame 1, a wheelset assembly 7-0, a drive system 8-0, a central traction device 5-0, a basic braking device and a primary suspension device.

[0053] The wheelset directly transfers the vehicle weight to the rails, generates traction and braking force through wheel-rail adhesion, and realizes the running guidance of the vehicle on the line through the rotation of the wheelset. The frame is the skeleton part of the bogie, which is used to install various parts of the bogie and bear and transmit vertical and horizontal forces. The suspension device plays a role in alleviating impact vibration. The drive device can transmit the power generated by the power unit to the wheelset. In addition, the basic braking device is to increase the transmission of the brake cylinder by a certain factor and then transmit it to the executing mechanical mechanism to realize train braking.

[0054] The bogie frame of the rail vehicle provided by the present invention includes two box-shaped longitudinal beam bodies and a cross beam body 20, and the two longitudinal beam bodies are respectively welded to the two ends of the cross beam body 20, and the cross beam body 20 and the two longitudinal beam bodies form an H shape. In this article, the cross beam body is preferably also a box-shaped structure, and a specific structure of the frame formed by the cross beam body 20 and the longitudinal beam body will be described in detail later.

[0055] The wheelset in the present invention comprises an axle box 2, an axle, and wheels mounted on both ends of the axle, that is, a first wheel and a second wheel are respectively arranged at both ends of the axle, and two longitudinal beam bodies are located between the two wheels, that is, the two wheels are located outside the longitudinal beam bodies on the corresponding sides. The longitudinal beam body is located inside the wheel, the span of the two longitudinal beam bodies is reduced, and the torsional rigidity of the frame is reduced, which is conducive to improving the curve passing ability.

[0056] The axle box 2 is positioned on the inner side of the longitudinal beam body through a series of suspension devices. Usually, the wheels at both ends of the same axle correspond to an axle box 2, and both axle boxes 2 are located on the inner side of the corresponding side longitudinal beam body. This can reduce the horizontal spacing of the frame. Practice has proved that the axle box built into the side beam can achieve a volume reduction of about 10%, a weight reduction of about 10%-15%, and thus reduce air resistance, energy saving and emission reduction.

[0057] The drive system of the present invention includes a gear box 8-8 and a drive motor 8-1. After the components constituting the drive system are integrated, the entirety is positioned on the frame 1 through an elastic suspension mechanism. The drive system 8-0 is installed by elastic suspension to form vibration decoupling with the frame, which is conducive to achieving weight decoupling between large springs and improving critical speed.

[0058] Please refer to Fig.11 In a specific embodiment, the drive system also includes an input end coupling 8-2, a bearing 8-3 and an output end coupling 8-7; the input end coupling 8-2 is fixed to the output end of the drive motor 8-1, and the input end coupling 8-2 and the input end 8-4 of the gear box 8-8 are supported by the same set of bearings 8-3; in this structure, the coupling and the input end 8-4 of the gear box are supported on the frame by a set of bearings, further reducing the space occupied.

[0059] Furthermore, the end face of the output gear shaft of the gear box 8-8 is provided with end face teeth 8-6 for meshing with the corresponding end of the output end coupling 8-7. The output end of the gear box 8-8 and the external output coupling are matched through teeth, which greatly reduces the space occupied and is conducive to further realizing the compact structure of the bogie.

[0060] In a specific embodiment, the elastic suspension mechanism includes three rubber nodes, and the center of the triangle formed by the three rubber nodes coincides with the center of gravity of the drive system. Fig.12 As shown, the three rubber nodes are the first rubber node 8-a, the second rubber node 8-b and the third rubber node 8-c, and the drive system is connected to the longitudinal beam body on both sides of the frame through the elastic suspension of the three rubber nodes. Figure 4 As shown, in order to realize the setting of one of the rubber nodes, a bent box section 120 bent inward is further provided at the end of one of the longitudinal beam bodies, the third rubber node is provided at the bent box section 120, the second rubber node 8-b can be located on the inner side of the same longitudinal beam body, and the first rubber node 8-a can be located on another longitudinal beam body. That is, the first rubber node 8-a and the third rubber node 8-c are located on the same longitudinal beam body, and the second rubber node 8-b is located on another longitudinal beam body.

[0061] The bogies in the above embodiments further include a central suspension device, which includes an anti-roll torsion bar and vertical tie rods arranged at both ends of the anti-roll torsion bar, and the other end of each vertical tie rod passes through the through hole on the corresponding side of the cross beam body 20 to connect to the bolster located above the frame. Among them, the anti-roll torsion bar and the vertical tie rod are not marked in the drawings of this article, but it does not hinder the understanding and implementation of the technical solution of this article by those skilled in the art.

[0062] The central traction device of the bogie in the present invention may include a traction beam, a traction pin and a traction rod, all of which are located above the frame. There are two traction rods, and an articulated seat hinged to one end of the traction rod is provided on the inner side of each end of the traction beam. The other end of the traction rod is hinged to the articulated seat provided on the cross beam of the frame, and the two traction rods are located on both sides of the traction beam. The central traction device is located above the frame, and the traction beam is roughly a Z-shaped structure. The central traction device of this structure is relatively low in height, which reduces the vertical space occupied. The traction beam, traction pin and traction rod are not shown in the figure, but it does not hinder the understanding of the technical solution of this article by those skilled in the art.

[0063] This article provides a specific implementation of the bogie frame.

[0064] Please refer again Figures 1 to 7In a specific embodiment, the frame includes a cross beam assembly and two longitudinal beam assemblies, wherein the cross beam assembly includes a cross beam body 20, and the cross beam body 20 is a box-shaped structure; that is, the interior of the cross beam body 20 is a hollow structure. The two longitudinal beam assemblies, each longitudinal beam assembly includes a box-shaped longitudinal beam body, and the two longitudinal beam bodies are respectively welded to the two ends of the cross beam body, and the cross beam body 20 and the two longitudinal beam bodies form an H shape. The cross beam body 20 is roughly located in the middle of the longitudinal beam body.

[0065] In order to describe the technical solution concisely, the two longitudinal beam bodies are defined as the first longitudinal beam body 11 and the second longitudinal beam body 12, respectively, and the cross beam body is located between the first longitudinal beam body 11 and the second longitudinal beam body 12. The upper cover plate of the first longitudinal beam body 11 is defined as the first upper cover plate 112, and the upper cover plate of the second longitudinal beam body 12 is defined as the second upper cover plate 121. The first upper cover plate 112 and the second upper cover plate 121 have the same shape. The lower cover plate structure of the two longitudinal beam bodies refers to the upper cover plate structure, which is not shown in the figure, but does not hinder the understanding of the technical solution of this article by those skilled in the art.

[0066] Among them, each longitudinal beam body includes an intermediate connecting section, which includes an upper cover plate, a lower cover plate, an inner plate and an outer plate. The side edge of the upper cover plate portion extends inward to form the upper wall of the box body portion of the cross beam body 20, and the side edge of the lower cover plate portion extends inward to form the lower wall of the box body portion of the cross beam body 20.

[0067] From the above description, it can be seen that compared with the crossbeam body 20 which is a round tube, the connecting part of the crossbeam body 20 in the present invention is formed by the same upper cover plate and lower cover plate as the longitudinal beam body, and the connecting position of the two is gradually transitioned, avoiding a sudden change in the connecting cross-section between the two, greatly reducing the strength of the connecting position between the two, and improving the safety of the frame.

[0068] Furthermore, the mounting seat for mounting the axle box in the present invention is arranged on the inner side of the longitudinal beam body, so that the distance between the longitudinal beam bodies can be minimized. Experiments have confirmed that by placing the mounting seat of the axle box on the inner side of the longitudinal beam body, the center distance between the two longitudinal beam bodies can be reduced to within 1200 mm. In a specific embodiment, the center distance between the two longitudinal beam bodies can be 1120 mm-1150 mm, which greatly improves the flexibility of the frame.

[0069] The center distance mentioned herein refers to the distance between the longitudinal center planes of the first longitudinal beam body 11 and the second longitudinal beam body 12 .

[0070] In a specific embodiment, the cross beam body 20 includes an upper plate body 21, a lower plate body 22 and two vertical plates 23, which form a box structure, and both ends of the two vertical plates extend to the outside of the corresponding ends of the upper plate body 21 and the lower plate body 22; that is, the lengths of the upper plate body 21, the lower plate body 22 and the two vertical plates 23 forming the cross beam body 20 are different, and the lengths of the two vertical plates 23 are greater than the lengths of the upper plate body 21 and the lower plate body 22, and the vertical plates 23 extend out of the outer ends of the upper plate body 21 and the lower plate body 22. Figure 5 Both ends of the vertical plate are provided with extension sections 231 , and the extension sections 231 extend out of the corresponding outer ends of the upper plate body 21 and the lower plate body 22 .

[0071] The side edge of the upper cover plate of the longitudinal beam body extends inward to form a first inner extension section, and the side edge of the lower cover plate extends inward to form a second inner extension section. The first inner extension section and the second inner extension section are respectively butt-welded to the upper plate body and the lower plate body of the cross beam body 20; the two vertical plates are welded to the inner side plates of the middle connecting section on the corresponding side. Figure 4 , the second upper cover plate 121 and the lower cover plate 122 of the second longitudinal beam body 12 are shown, wherein the first inner extension section 1211 of the second upper cover plate 121 and the second inner extension section 1221 of the lower cover plate 122 can be seen in the figure.

[0072] In this embodiment, the first inner extension section of the upper cover plate of the longitudinal beam body extends between the two vertical plates, and the end is welded to the upper plate body of the cross beam body, and the two sides of the first inner extension section are also welded to the corresponding positions of the two vertical plates. Similarly, the second inner extension section of the lower cover plate of the longitudinal beam body is also located between the two vertical plates, and the second inner extension section 1221 is welded to the lower plate body of the cross beam body 20, and the two sides of the second inner extension section are welded to the corresponding positions of the two vertical plates. In this way, the connection position of the cross beam body 20 and the longitudinal beam body also forms a box structure, and the connection position changes continuously, further increasing the use strength of the frame. On the basis of the above embodiment, the first transverse stop block 71 and the second transverse stop block 72 are respectively fixed on the two upper cover plates, and the first transverse stop block 71 and the second transverse stop block 72 respectively limit the two extreme positions of the lateral movement of the vehicle body.

[0073] The first lateral stop block 71 and the second lateral stop block 72 can be arranged opposite to each other and have any shape as long as they can limit the lateral movement of the vehicle body.

[0074] In a specific embodiment, the frame 1 further includes a support tube 60 that transversely penetrates the longitudinal beam body, and the inner end of the support tube 60 passes through the longitudinal beam body to form a first gear box hanger 61. The support tube 60 extends outward to the outside of the longitudinal beam body to form a brake hanger 62 and a height valve mounting seat 63. The height valve mounting seat 63 is for installing the height valve, and the structures of the brake hanger 62 and the height valve mounting seat 63 are not limited.

[0075] In this embodiment, the first gearbox hanger 61, the brake hanger 62 and the height valve mounting seat 63 are an integrated structure, which optimizes the frame structure and improves assembly flexibility.

[0076] In the above embodiments, one end of the longitudinal beam body is bent inward to form a bent box section, the bent box section has an opening facing the first gear box hanger, the second gear box hanger is arranged at the opening, and the first gear box hanger and the second gear box hanger on the same side thereof together form the hanger of the gear box. The bent box sections of the two longitudinal beam bodies are separated at both ends, that is, the bent box sections of the two longitudinal beam bodies are not located at the same end.

[0077] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the bending box section 111 of the first longitudinal beam body is located at the left end, and the bending box section 120 of the second longitudinal beam body is located at the right end. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The relative position relationship between the components is described. A second gearbox hanger 50 is provided inside the bending box section 111 of the first longitudinal beam body for mounting the third rubber node 8-c. A first gearbox hanger 61 is also provided inside the first longitudinal beam body 11 for mounting the second rubber node 8-b, together forming a hanger for the gearbox.

[0078] Similarly, a second gear box mount 50 is provided inside the bent box section 120 of the second longitudinal beam body, which together with the first gear box mount 61 on the inner side of the second longitudinal beam body 12 and the motor mount 51 on the first longitudinal beam body form the installation and connection positions of the three rubber nodes of the drive system 8-0, and cooperate with the rubber node installation and connection to realize the elastic suspension of the drive system 8-0.

[0079] In this embodiment, on the one hand, the bent box section can enhance the supporting strength of the longitudinal beam body, and on the other hand, the second gear box hanger is located inside the bent box section of the longitudinal beam body, which has a compact structure and reduces space occupation.

[0080] In a specific embodiment, the framework in the above embodiments may further include an additional box 30 forming a cavity, the number of the additional box 30 is two, symmetrically arranged on both sides of the longitudinal center plane, and the two additional boxes 30 are respectively located on the outside of the longitudinal beam body, and the cavity of the additional box 30 is connected to the air chamber formed inside the corresponding side longitudinal beam body; an air spring mounting seat 40 is provided on the outside of the top wall of the additional box 30, and the additional box 30 is provided with an inlet and an outlet connected through the cavity. The inlet of the additional box 30 is directly or indirectly connected to the air source, and the outlet is connected to the air spring 40'. Usually, the internal cavity of the middle connecting section can also be set as an air box, and the air cavity inside the middle connecting section is connected to the cavity of the additional box 30, together forming a storage space for the air source required for the operation of the air spring 40'.

[0081] In a specific embodiment, the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate respectively include a first outer extension section and a second outer extension section that extend laterally beyond the outer plate. The top wall and the bottom wall of the additional box body 30 are respectively butt-welded to the first outer extension section and the second outer extension section, and the inner ends of the remaining two side walls are welded to the outer plate.

[0082] That is to say, the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate respectively form part of the top wall and part of the bottom wall of the additional box body 30, so that the additional box body 30 and the longitudinal beam body can be integrated into one, making the structure of the two more compact.

[0083] In the above embodiments, the two vertical walls of the cross beam body are provided with a motor hanger 51 and a motor hanger stopper. The motor hanger 51 is used to install the first rubber node 8-a. After the motor hanger stopper is installed, the center of the motor hanger stopper is consistent with the motor height to avoid increasing the torque.

[0084] Specifically, each longitudinal beam body can also be provided with a spring sleeve 90 for installing a series of rubber; the lower end of the spring sleeve 90 is open and includes a pipe section exposed outside the bottom wall of the longitudinal beam body, and the upper end of the spring sleeve 90 is welded to the inner surface of the top wall of the longitudinal beam body; the number of spring sleeves 90 is two, symmetrical about the transverse center plane of the longitudinal beam body.

[0085] A through hole is also provided at the top wall of the longitudinal beam body and the position opposite to the spring sleeve 90 to facilitate the fixing of the spring sleeve. Figure 2 The first longitudinal beam body 11 is provided with a through hole 11 a , and the second longitudinal beam body 12 is provided with a through hole 12 a .

[0086] In the above embodiments, the frame further includes a traction rod seat 80, which is used to install one end of a longitudinal tie rod of a suspension system. The upper plate body 21 of the crossbeam body 20 has a first extension portion 211 extending longitudinally and extending out of the outer wall of the corresponding vertical plate 23, and the traction rod seat 80 is at least partially installed on the upper surface of the first extension portion 211. On the premise of realizing the installation of the longitudinal tie rod of the suspension system, the structure can be as compact as possible. Usually, there are two traction rod seats 80 along the longitudinal direction, which are separated at the ends of the crossbeam body 20. Of course, the specific position can be determined according to the actual vehicle model. The specific structure of the traction rod seat 80 is not specifically limited in this article.

[0087] In a specific implementation, the frame further includes a motor transverse vibration damper seat 81, which has a structure for limiting the transverse vibration displacement of the motor; the motor transverse vibration damper seat 81 is installed on the lower surface of the first extension portion 211. In this embodiment, the structure is further compact, does not occupy other space positions, and is conducive to the optimization of the overall frame.

[0088] Furthermore, in the above embodiments, the lower plate body 22 has a second extension portion 221 extending longitudinally to the outer wall of the corresponding side vertical plate 23, and the upper surface of the second extension portion 221 is provided with a motor transverse stop seat 82, which is also welded and fixed to the outer side wall of the corresponding vertical plate, and a lifting hole is also provided on the motor transverse stop seat 82.

[0089] That is to say, the motor transverse stopper in the present invention not only realizes the transverse limit of the motor, but also has the function of hoisting cooperation, that is, the hoisting equipment can realize the hoisting of the frame by connecting the hoisting holes.

[0090] Specifically, the motor transverse stop seat 82 includes two components, and the two components are arranged at a predetermined distance. Each component includes a first plate 821 and a second plate 822 that form a cavity structure. The lower surface of the first plate is welded to the second extension portion 221, and the rear end is welded to the vertical plate 23. The upper ends of the first plate 821 and the second plate 822 are welded and fixed. The first plate 821 is provided with a lifting hole 821a, and the second plate 822 cooperates with the motor to limit the position.

[0091] In this embodiment, the first plate 821 and the second plate 822 form a cavity structure, which can reduce the overall weight as much as possible while achieving the lifting and stopping functions.

[0092] The upper plate 21 and the lower plate 22 of the cross beam body 20 are provided with coaxial through holes, and a steel pipe 25 is installed inside the through holes. A reinforcing rib 24 is provided inside the box structure. The components of the central traction device located above and below the cross beam body 20 can be connected through the through holes provided on the cross beam body 20, which greatly improves the layout flexibility of the central traction device. In addition, the reinforcing rib 24 inside the box structure serves to increase the use strength of the cross beam body 20.

[0093] Please refer to Figure 8 and Fig. 9 The bogie axle box 2 of the rail vehicle is installed on the axle of the wheelset. As mentioned above, the axle box 2 is connected to the frame 1 through a primary suspension device.

[0094] The primary suspension device in the present invention at least comprises a spring assembly 3 , a rubber assembly 4 and a pull rod 5 .

[0095] There are two spring assemblies 3, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the axle box 2, and the two spring assemblies 3 are symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the axle box 2. In order to illustrate the simplicity of the technical solution, this article defines the two spring assemblies 3 as the first spring assembly 3 and the second spring assembly 3, respectively. The first spring assembly 3 and the second spring assembly 3 are separated on the front and rear sides of the axle box 2, wherein each spring assembly 3 includes a tray and a main spring 31, and the tray is fixedly connected to the side wall of the axle box 2. Of course, the tray can also be directly formed on the axle box 2, that is, the tray and the axle box 2 are integrally formed. The main spring 31 is vertically arranged between the tray and the frame 1.

[0096] Taking the second spring assembly 3 as an example, the second spring assembly 3 includes a tray and a main spring 31. A mounting seat is also provided on the frame 1. The main spring 31 is pressed between the tray and the mounting seat of the frame 1. The specific connection method of the main spring 31 and the frame 1 will be described in detail later.

[0097] The tray can be arranged at the bottom wall of the axle box 2 as much as possible, so as to increase the installation space of the spring assembly 3 as much as possible.

[0098] The rubber assembly 4 in the present invention is arranged between the top wall of the axle box 2 and its corresponding frame 1, that is, the rubber assembly 4 is located above the axle box 2. The rubber assembly 4 includes a frame 42 and a rubber body 41 installed on the frame 42. The frame 42 includes a mounting structure for cooperating and fixing with the frame 1, that is, the frame 42 is fixedly mounted on the frame 1 through the mounting structure arranged thereon, for example, the mounting structure includes bolts, and the frame 42 and the frame 1 are fixedly connected by bolts. Of course, the mounting structure can also be other structures, for example, the frame 42 is fixed to the frame 1 by welding.

[0099] The rubber body 41 includes a matching structure positioned on the top wall of the axle box 2 , and the rubber body 41 and the axle box 2 are positioned in a vertical direction by a fixing member to prevent the rubber body 41 from being separated from the axle box 2 .

[0100] The pull rod 5 of the present invention is arranged longitudinally, and both ends of the pull rod 5 are respectively hinged to the axle box 2 and the frame 1, and the pull rod 5 is used to provide longitudinal rigidity.

[0101] The spring assembly 3 in the primary suspension device provided by the present invention is vertically arranged between the axle box 2 and the frame 1 to provide vertical stiffness. There are two spring assemblies 3 and they are respectively arranged on the sides of the axle box 2, so that the connection point between the spring assembly 3 and the axle box 2 can be arranged as close to the bottom of the axle box 2 as possible, and the setting space of the spring assembly 3 is appropriately increased, which is conducive to setting a spring assembly 3 with higher stiffness. In addition, a rubber assembly 4 is arranged in the axial positioning device of the present invention, and the rubber assembly 4 is installed between the top wall of the axle box 2 and the frame 1, further providing vertical stiffness and lateral stiffness. By reasonably arranging the spring assembly 3 and the rubber assembly 4, different use stiffness requirements can be met, and the use flexibility is improved.

[0102] In a specific embodiment, the rubber body 41 is provided with a vertically extending mounting hole, at least the lower end of the mounting hole is an open structure, and at least part of the mounting hole section cooperates with the mounting boss 2-1 provided on the top wall of the axle box 2. In other words, the top wall of the axial body is provided with an upwardly protruding mounting boss 2-1, and the mounting boss 2-1 can be cylindrical, which can be installed inside the mounting hole of the rubber body 41, or the upper column section can be installed inside the mounting hole. In a specific embodiment, the outer wall of the matching section of the mounting boss 2-1 is a conical structure, and the size of the matching section gradually decreases from bottom to top.

[0103] Of course, the specific structure of the mounting boss 2 - 1 is not limited to the description in this article, and may also be other structures, as long as it can cooperate with the mounting hole of the rubber body 41 to achieve the requirements of lateral stiffness and vertical stiffness.

[0104] In the above embodiment, the mounting boss 2 - 1 on the top wall of the axle box 2 is inserted into the rubber body 41 , which can realize reliable combination of the two, is conducive to the arrangement of the high-rigidity rubber body 41 in a limited space, and has better force transmission reliability.

[0105] Specifically, the mounting hole is a through hole structure, which is combined with a rigid sleeve 43 inside. The rigid sleeve 43 includes a top wall and a cylinder extending downward from the outer edge of the top wall. The lower end of the cylinder is open, and the outer wall of the cylinder is combined with the inner wall of the mounting hole. At least a part of the hole section of the inner hole of the cylinder is interference fit with the mounting boss. The top wall of the rigid sleeve 43 is fixedly connected to the mounting boss 2-1 by a fixing part.

[0106] The fixing member may be a screw 44 or other components.

[0107] Furthermore, the rubber body 41 in each of the above embodiments may include a plurality of rubber blocks 411 and a rigid body 412 disposed between adjacent rubber blocks 411, and the size of the whole formed by the combination of each rubber block 411 and each rigid body 412 gradually increases from the two ends to the middle, that is, the radial size of the rubber body 41 is large in the middle and small at the two ends, so that the positioning requirement of small vertical rigidity and large horizontal rigidity can be achieved. The two ends of the rubber body 41 are respectively fixed with the inner wall of the frame 42.

[0108] The rubber block 411 and the rigid body 412 can be integrated by a vulcanization process. The number of the rubber blocks 411 can be determined by the specific environment in which they are used.

[0109] The structure combining the rubber block 411 and the rigid body 412 can provide a certain rigidity while achieving the shock absorbing effect of the rubber block 411 .

[0110] In the above embodiments, the spring assembly 3 includes a limit rod 32, the upper end of which is fixedly connected to the frame 1, and the lower end of which passes through the tray. The limit rod 32 is provided with a limit block 321 at the rod section below the tray to limit the limit rod 32 from escaping from the tray, that is, the size of the limit block 321 is larger than the size of the through hole on the tray through which the limit rod 32 passes. In addition, under normal conditions, there is a predetermined distance between the limit block 321 and the bottom wall of the tray, so that the spring is allowed to have a predetermined amount of activity in the vertical direction.

[0111] The limit block 321 has two functions. On the one hand, it can prevent the spring in the spring assembly 3 from being excessively stretched, thereby protecting the spring. On the other hand, when the frame 1 is lifted, under the limiting action of the limit rod 32 and the pallet, the axle box 2, spring assembly 3 and other components can move upward with the frame 1 to achieve lifting.

[0112] Furthermore, the spring assembly 3 may also include an upper mounting plate 33, the upper mounting plate 33 includes a vertically extending column 331, and the specific length of the column 331 may be set according to the specific use environment. The upper end of the limiting rod 32 is an external thread section, and the column 331 is provided with an internal thread section that cooperates with the external thread section. The column 331 may be a cylindrical structure with openings at both ends, and the inner wall of the cylindrical structure is provided with an internal thread section. During installation, the external thread section of the limiting rod 32 passes through the tray and cooperates with the internal thread section provided on the column 331. The upper end of the column 331 is fixedly connected to the frame 1, and the main spring 31 is sleeved on the periphery of the column 331.

[0113] On the one hand, the column 331 can realize the reliable installation of the limit rod 32, and on the other hand, it plays a compression or extension guiding role on the main spring 31, so that the main spring 31 always moves in the vertical direction.

[0114] In the above embodiments, the first-order suspension device may further include an adjusting gasket, which is arranged between the upper mounting plate 33 and the frame 1. The limiting rod 32 applies a downward pulling force to drive the upper mounting plate 33 to move downward, and compress the main spring 31, so that the upper mounting plate 33 is separated from the frame 1, and the adjusting gasket is inserted between the upper mounting plate 33 and the frame 1, thereby realizing the height adjustment of the main spring 31.

[0115] In the above embodiments, the primary suspension device may further include an active vertical shock absorber 7, which is vertically arranged beside the axle box 2, and the upper end of the active vertical shock absorber 7 is hinged to the frame 1, and the lower end is hinged to a support seat fixed to the side wall of the axle box 2. The active vertical shock absorber 7 can achieve high damping at low frequencies and low damping at high frequencies, so that vibration can be rapidly attenuated.

[0116] The structure of the active vertical shock absorber 7 may be the same as the existing structure, and is not further limited herein.

[0117] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the main spring 31 is designed to be height-adjustable, which further increases the flexibility of the device.

[0118] Please refer again Figure 8 In the above embodiments, the number of the pull rod 5 can be one, the front end of the pull rod 5 is hinged to the tray through a hinge seat, and the rear end of the pull rod 5 is hinged to the frame 1 through a hinge seat. Figure 8 As shown, the front end of the pull rod 5 is hinged to the tray through the first hinge seat 6-1, and the rear end of the pull rod 5 is hinged to the frame 1 through the second hinge seat 6-2. The first hinge seat 6-1 and the second hinge seat 6-2 can be of the same structure or different structures. This article provides a specific implementation method in which the first hinge seat and the second hinge seat are of the same structure.

[0119] Please combine Fig.10 In a specific embodiment, the hinged seats at both ends of the pull rod 5 include an elastic body 601 and a rigid hinged rod 602. The rigid hinged rod 602 is partially combined with the inside of the elastic body 601, and the two ends extend out of the elastic body 601. Both ends of the rigid hinged rod 602 are provided with hinge holes 603. Both ends of the pull rod 5 are provided with installation through holes. When installed, the elastic body 601 is tensioned and installed inside the installation through holes, and the hinge hole of the hinged seat hinged to the tray is axially longitudinal, that is, the axial direction of the hinge hole of the first hinged seat and the tray is longitudinal. The hinge hole of the hinged seat hinged to the frame 1 is axially vertical, that is, the axial direction of the hinge hole of the second hinged seat and the frame 1 is vertical.

[0120] In the above embodiments, the length of the tie rod 5 satisfies the following condition: the longitudinal force exerted by the tie rod 5 on the pallet relative to the moment of the wheel center and the longitudinal force exerted by the rubber body 41 on the axle box 2 relative to the moment of the wheel center are balanced.

[0121] A bogie provided by the present invention includes a first-stage suspension device as described in any one of the above items, wherein the tray is fixed at a bottom position close to the axle box 2, and a through hole is provided at a relative position between the frame 1 and the rubber body 41 to install a fixing between the rubber body 41 and the top wall of the axle box 2.

[0122] The present invention also provides a rail vehicle, comprising a bogie and a vehicle body, wherein the bogie is the bogie described in any of the above embodiments.

[0123] The rail vehicle provided by the present invention includes the bogie of the above embodiment, so it also has the above technical effects of the bogie.

[0124] The other structures of the rail vehicle will not be described in further detail, please refer to the prior art.

[0125] The above is a detailed introduction to a rail vehicle and bogie provided by the present invention. Specific examples are used in this article to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present invention and its core idea. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bogie for a rail vehicle, characterized in that: Includes the following components: The frame (1) comprises two box-shaped longitudinal beam bodies and a cross beam body (20), wherein the two longitudinal beam bodies are respectively welded to two ends of the cross beam body (20), and the cross beam body (20) and the two longitudinal beam bodies form an H shape; A wheelset assembly (7-0) comprises an axle box (2), an axle, and wheels mounted on both ends of the axle, the two longitudinal beam bodies are located between the wheels of the wheelset assembly (7-0), and the axle box (2) is positioned on the inner side of the longitudinal beam body on the corresponding side through a series of suspension devices; The drive system (8-0) comprises at least a gear box (8-8) and a drive motor (8-1). After the components constituting the drive system (8-0) are integrated, the entirety is positioned on the frame (1) via an elastic suspension mechanism. It also includes a support tube that passes through the longitudinal beam body transversely, the inner end of the support tube passes through the longitudinal beam body to form a first gear box hanger (61), one end of the longitudinal beam body is bent inward to form a bent box section, the bent box section has an opening facing the first gear box hanger (61), and a second gear box hanger (50) is arranged at the opening position, and a motor hanger (51) is also arranged on the longitudinal beam body, wherein the first gear box hanger and the second gear box hanger (50) on the same side of one of the longitudinal beam bodies form the installation connection position of the elastic suspension mechanism with the motor hanger (51) on the other longitudinal beam body.

2. The bogie of a rail vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a central suspension device, including an anti-roll torsion bar and vertical pull rods arranged at both ends of the anti-roll torsion bar, and the other end of each vertical pull rod passes through the through hole on the corresponding side of the crossbeam body (20) to connect to the rocker located above the frame.

3. The bogie of a rail vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive system further comprises an input end coupling (8-2), a bearing (8-3) and an output end coupling (8-7); the input end coupling (8-2) is fixed to the output end of the drive motor (8-1), and the input end coupling (8-2) and the input end (8-4) of the gear box (8-8) are supported by the same set of bearings (8-3); Alternatively or alternatively, the end face of the output gear shaft of the gear box (8-8) is provided with end face teeth (8-6) for meshing with the corresponding end of the output end coupling (8-7).

4. The bogie of a rail vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic suspension mechanism comprises three rubber nodes, and the center of a triangle formed by connecting the three rubber nodes coincides with the center of gravity of the drive system.

5. The bogie of a rail vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a central traction device, which includes a traction beam, a traction pin and a traction rod. There are two traction rods. An articulated seat hinged to one end of the traction rod is arranged on the inner side of each end of the traction beam. The other end of the traction rod is hinged to the articulated seat arranged on the frame crossbeam. The two traction rods are separated on both sides of the traction beam.

6. The bogie of a rail vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The longitudinal beam body comprises an intermediate connecting section, and the intermediate connecting section comprises an upper cover plate, a lower cover plate, an inner side plate and an outer side plate, the side edge of the upper cover plate portion extends inwardly to form an upper wall of the box body portion of the cross beam body (20), and the side edge of the lower cover plate portion extends inwardly to form a lower wall of the box body portion of the cross beam body (20).

7. The bogie of a rail vehicle according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cross beam body (20) comprises an upper plate body (21), a lower plate body (22) and two vertical plates (23), which form a box structure, and both ends of the two vertical plates (23) extend to the outer sides of the corresponding ends of the upper plate body (21) and the lower plate body (22); the two vertical plates (23) are welded to the inner side plates of the middle connecting section on the corresponding sides; the side edge of the upper cover plate portion extends inward to form a first inner extension section, and the side edge of the lower cover plate portion extends inward to form a second inner extension section, and the first inner extension section and the second inner extension section are respectively butt-welded to the upper plate body (21) and the lower plate body (22) of the cross beam body (20); the two vertical plates (23) are welded to the inner side plates of the middle connecting section on the corresponding sides.

8. The bogie of a rail vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that: The support tube extends outward to the outside of the longitudinal beam body to form a brake hanger and a height valve mounting seat.

9. The bogie of a rail vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The primary suspension device comprises the following components: The spring assembly (3) comprises two spring assemblies, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the axle box (2) and are symmetrical about the central axis of the axle box (2); the spring assembly (3) comprises a tray and a main spring (31), the tray is fixedly connected to the axle box (2), and the main spring (31) is vertically arranged between the corresponding tray and the frame (1); A rubber component (4) is arranged between the top wall of the axle box (2) and the corresponding frame (1), the rubber component (4) comprising a frame (42) and a rubber body (41) mounted on the frame, the frame (42) comprising a mounting structure for cooperating and fixing with the frame (1), the rubber body (41) being positioned in a vertical direction with the top wall of the axle box (2) via a fixing member; The pull rod (5) is arranged longitudinally and its two ends are respectively hinged to the axle box (2) and the frame (1) to provide longitudinal rigidity.

10. The bogie of a rail vehicle according to claim 9, characterized in that: The rubber body (41) is provided with a vertically extending mounting hole, at least the lower end of the mounting hole is an open structure, and at least a portion of the mounting hole section cooperates with a mounting boss (2-1) provided on the top wall of the axle box (2).

11. The bogie of a rail vehicle according to claim 10, characterized in that: The mounting hole is a through-hole structure, and a rigid sleeve (43) is combined inside the rigid sleeve (43), and the rigid sleeve (43) comprises a top wall and a cylinder extending downward from the outer edge of the top wall, the lower end of the cylinder is open, the outer wall of the cylinder is combined with the inner wall of the mounting hole, at least a part of the hole section of the inner hole of the cylinder is interference-fitted with the mounting boss (2-1), and the top wall of the rigid sleeve (43) is fixedly connected to the mounting boss (2-1) through the fixing member; Alternatively or alternatively, the rubber body (41) comprises a plurality of rubber blocks (411) and a rigid body (412) disposed between adjacent rubber blocks (411); the size of the whole formed by the combination of each of the rubber blocks (411) and each of the rigid bodies (412) gradually increases from both ends to the middle; and both ends of the rubber body (41) are respectively matched and fixed to corresponding inner walls of the frame (42).

12. The bogie of a rail vehicle according to claim 9, characterized in that: The spring assembly (3) comprises a limiting rod (32), the upper end of the limiting rod (32) is fixedly connected to the frame (1), and the lower end passes through the tray, and a limiting block (321) is provided at a rod section of the limiting rod (32) located below the tray to limit the limiting rod (32) from escaping from the tray, and under normal conditions, a predetermined distance is maintained between the limiting block (321) and the bottom wall of the tray; Alternatively or alternatively, the spring assembly (3) comprises an upper mounting plate (33), the upper mounting plate (33) comprises a vertically extending column (331), the upper end portion of the limiting rod (32) is an external threaded section, the column (331) is provided with an internal threaded section that cooperates with the external threaded section; the upper end of the column (331) is fixedly connected to the frame (1), and the main spring (31) is sleeved on the periphery of the column (331).

13. The bogie of a rail vehicle according to claim 9, characterized in that: It also includes an active vertical shock absorber (7) which is vertically arranged beside the axle box (2). The upper end of the active vertical shock absorber (7) is hinged to the frame (1), and the lower end is hinged to a support seat fixed to the side wall of the axle box (2).

14. The bogie of a rail vehicle according to claim 9, characterized in that: The number of the pull rod (5) is one, the front end of the pull rod (5) is hinged to the tray via a hinge seat, and the rear end of the pull rod (5) is hinged to the frame (1) via a hinge seat, wherein the hinge seat includes an elastic body (601) and a rigid hinge rod (602), wherein the rigid hinge rod (602) is partially combined with the inside of the elastic body, and both ends extend out of the outside of the elastic body (601), and both ends of the rigid hinge rod (602) are provided with hinge holes (603), and both ends of the pull rod are provided with mounting through holes, when installing, the elastic body is tensioned and installed inside the mounting through hole, and the hinge hole (603) of the hinge seat hinged to the tray is axially arranged longitudinally, and the hinge hole (603) of the hinge seat hinged to the frame (1) is axially arranged vertically.

15. A rail vehicle, comprising a bogie and a vehicle body, characterized in that: The bogie is a bogie of a rail vehicle as described in any one of Claims 1 to 14.

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