Square bale straw crusher with stirring, cutting and beating

Abstract

A straw crusher with two stages of stirring, cutting, and striking for crushing square bales includes a base, a motor and a casing mounted on the base, the casing being connected to a discharge pipe and a feed port, and a crushing mechanism mounted inside the casing. The crushing mechanism is characterized in that the crushing mechanism is directly driven by the motor, an impeller, a hammering mechanism, and a stirring mechanism are mounted on an extension shaft of the motor, a crushing chamber is mounted outside the hammering mechanism in the casing, and a screen is installed in the crushing chamber. The present invention is suitable for processing coarse and hard straw and is suitable for crushing coarse and hard dry straw and wet square bales. It has important practical significance and good development prospects for improving the level of mechanization of straw resource utilization in my country and promoting the development of the cattle and sheep industry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an agricultural and animal husbandry crushing machine, in particular to a square bale straw crusher with two-stage crushing functions of stirring and cutting and striking. Background Art

[0002] Corn stalks, wheat straw, and rice straw are the primary roughage for cattle and sheep in my country and Xinjiang, and are crucial for the vigorous development of grain-saving animal husbandry in both my country and Xinjiang. The growing demand for straw resources in livestock farming has driven the development of mechanized square baling technology for straw. In Xinjiang, corn stalks, wheat straw, and rice straw are typically collected using balers and stored in square bales.

[0003] In large-scale cattle and sheep farming in my country and Xinjiang, square bales of corn stalks, wheat straw, and rice straw are primarily comminuted using hay choppers and hammer mills. Hay chopper technology is mature and a wide variety of models are available. Hammer mills can handle both feed and forage, and their technology for feed comminution has reached internationally advanced levels. Hay choppers and hammer mills are primarily suitable for comminuting hard, sticky straw. The main problems with comminuting square bales of straw are: first, manual unbundling and feeding are required, resulting in low productivity, high energy consumption, high labor intensity, and poor operational safety. Second, poor processing quality. The corn stalks, wheat straw, and rice straw processed by hay choppers are generally over 3 cm in length, mostly around 5 cm, and sometimes even longer. This meets the needs of beef cattle farming, but it is difficult to achieve the optimal length of less than 2 cm required for mutton. Third, straw is wet or dry, hard or soft, coarse or fine, and existing machines cannot process it in subdivided forms, resulting in either low processing efficiency for straw that is too coarse or too hard, or high energy consumption and waste of energy due to high-power machines processing fine and soft straw.

[0004] Therefore, how to effectively improve the efficiency and processing quality of square straw bales, and subdivide the processing objects and the specifications of the crushed feed to reduce the energy consumption of machinery and labor intensity, is a technical challenge in the current large-scale cattle and sheep farming. To this end, based on the current characteristics of cutter and hammer crushing, the present invention starts with the design method and experimentation of a two-stage mixing cutter, cutter, hammer cutter and their combined mechanism, and conducts research on the crushing mechanism of directly fed square straw bales, providing a series of feed processing machinery that meets the needs of specialized large-scale production of different straws and different quality requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The invention aims to provide a square bale straw crusher with two-stage crushing functions of stirring, cutting and beating for processing coarse and hard straw.

[0006] The object of the present invention is achieved as follows: a stirring, striking and two-stage crushing square bale straw crusher includes a machine base, a motor and a casing are installed on the machine base, the casing is connected to a discharge pipe and a feed port, and a crushing mechanism is installed in the casing. Its characteristics are: the crushing mechanism is directly driven by the motor, the motor extension shaft is equipped with an impeller, a hammer cutting mechanism and a stirring and cutting mechanism, and a crushing chamber is installed outside the hammer cutting mechanism in the casing, and the crushing chamber is equipped with a screen.

[0007] The purpose of the present invention can also be achieved as follows: the impeller consists of a connecting sleeve, a base plate, blades and reinforcing ribs, the connecting sleeve is connected to the base plate and is fixedly connected to the motor extension shaft through a key, the blades are fixed to the outer end of the base plate and supported by the reinforcing ribs, and the blades rotate in the annular space surrounded by the base plate, the casing and the grinding chamber to crush and screen the qualified feed into the discharge pipe.

[0008] The hammer cutting mechanism consists of a front plate and a rear plate. Hammer shafts are installed at the four corners between the front and rear plates and are covered with sleeves. Hammers are installed on the sleeves. The front and rear plates are connected to the hammer cutting pipe shaft. The hammer cutting pipe shaft is fixed on the motor extension shaft. A hammer cutting flange is provided in front of the hammer cutting pipe shaft, and the hammer cutting flange is connected to the stirring blade flange.

[0009] A reinforcing strip is connected to the hammer shaft at each of the four corners between the front and rear plates. One end of the reinforcing strip is fixedly connected to the hammer shaft head, and the other end is fixed to the front and rear plates.

[0010] The stirring and cutting mechanism consists of a stirring and cutting blade flange, a stirring and cutting pipe shaft, an oblique stirring and cutting blade, and a flat stirring and cutting blade; the stirring and cutting pipe shaft is connected to the motor extension shaft, the oblique stirring and cutting blades and the flat stirring and cutting blades are welded to the stirring and cutting pipe shaft at intervals, and the stirring and cutting blade flange is used to connect the multi-stage stirring and cutting mechanism.

[0011] The included angle between the oblique stirring blade and the axis of the stirring tube is 30-60 degrees.

[0012] The included angle between the oblique stirring blade and the axis of the stirring tube is 45 degrees.

[0013] The mesh diameter of the sieve is 1-5 cm.

[0014] The mesh diameter of the sieve is 3-5 cm.

[0015] A shredding mechanism is also provided, which consists of a shredding knife flange, a shredding tube shaft, and a cutter; the shredding tube shaft is connected to the motor extension shaft, the cutters are welded to the shredding tube shaft at intervals, and the shredding knife flange is used to connect the hammer cutting mechanism and / or the stirring cutting mechanism.

[0016] The hammer cutting mechanism, the chopping mechanism and / or the stirring cutting mechanism are composed of two or more stages connected in series.

[0017] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: the uniquely designed angled oblique stirring and cutting blades can quickly break up the square bales of straw entering the front of the crushing chamber, eliminating the trouble and labor of manually breaking up the square bales. Screens with a variety of apertures are available to meet the processing of fine feed and the classification of coarse feed. The present invention belongs to the type for processing coarse and hard straw and is suitable for coarse and hard dry straw. Therefore, a high-power motor must be selected to drive the hammering and cutting mechanism to operate. The present invention can effectively improve the crushing efficiency and processing quality of square bales of straw and reduce the intensity of manual labor. The hammering and stirring two-stage crushing coarse and hard square bale straw crusher can meet the requirements of crushing coarse and hard dry and wet square bales of straw in terms of energy consumption, output, material adaptability, crushing particle size, economy, operability, etc. It has important practical significance and good development prospects for improving the mechanization level of straw resource utilization in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of my country and promoting the development of cattle and sheep industries. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the core component of the present invention, the crushing mechanism

[0020] Figure 3 Impeller diagram

[0021] Figure 4 Crushing room diagram

[0022] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Right view

[0023] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the stirring and cutting mechanism

[0024] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Right view

[0025] Figure 8 yes Figure 6 Top view (cross-section) of

[0026] Figure 9 Cutter diagram

[0027] Figure 10 yes Figure 9 Right view

[0028] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of hammer cutting mechanism

[0029] Figure 12 yes Figure 11 Right view

[0030] Figure 13 yes Figure 11 Top view

[0031] Figure 14 This is a three-dimensional exploded view of the crushing mechanism DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] Figure numbers: base 1; motor 2; casing 3; discharge pipe 4; feed inlet 5; impeller 6 (bottom plate 6-1, blades 6-2, reinforcing ribs 6-3, connecting sleeve 6-4); crushing chamber 7; screen 8; stirring and cutting mechanism 9 (stirring and cutting blade flange 9-1, stirring and cutting pipe shaft 9-2, oblique stirring blade 9-3, flat stirring blade 9-4); chopping mechanism 10 (chopping blade flange 10-1, chopping pipe shaft 10-2, cutting blade 10-3); hammer cutting mechanism 11 (hammer cutting flange 11-1, front plate 11-2, hammer 11-3, sleeve 11-4, hammer shaft 11-5, reinforcing strips 11-6, rear plate 11-7, hammer cutting pipe shaft 11-8).

[0033] The present invention discloses a two-stage square straw crusher with stirring, cutting and striking, which comprises a machine base, a motor and a machine casing installed on the machine base, the machine casing being connected to a discharge pipe and a feed port, and a crushing mechanism installed in the machine casing. The crushing mechanism is characterized in that the crushing mechanism is directly driven by the motor, an impeller, a hammer cutting mechanism and a stirring cutting mechanism are installed on an extended shaft of the motor, a crushing chamber is installed outside the hammer cutting mechanism in the machine casing, and a screen is added to the crushing chamber.

[0034] The impeller consists of a connecting sleeve, a base plate, blades and reinforcing ribs. The connecting sleeve is connected to the base plate and fixedly connected to the motor extension shaft through a key. The blades are fixed to the outer end of the base plate and supported by the reinforcing ribs. The blades rotate in the annular space surrounded by the base plate, the casing and the grinding chamber to crush and screen the qualified feed into the discharge pipe.

[0035] The hammer cutting mechanism consists of a front plate and a rear plate. Hammer shafts are installed at the four corners between the front and rear plates and are covered with sleeves. Hammers are installed on the sleeves. The front and rear plates are connected to the hammer cutting pipe shaft. The hammer cutting pipe shaft is fixed on the motor extension shaft. A hammer cutting flange is provided in front of the hammer cutting pipe shaft, and the hammer cutting flange is connected to the stirring blade flange.

[0036] A reinforcing strip is connected to the hammer shaft at each of the four corners between the front and rear plates. One end of the reinforcing strip is fixedly connected to the hammer shaft head, and the other end is fixed to the front and rear plates.

[0037] The stirring and cutting mechanism consists of a stirring and cutting blade flange, a stirring and cutting pipe shaft, an oblique stirring and cutting blade, and a flat stirring and cutting blade; the stirring and cutting pipe shaft is connected to the motor extension shaft, the oblique stirring and cutting blades and the flat stirring and cutting blades are welded to the stirring and cutting pipe shaft at intervals, and the stirring and cutting blade flange is used to connect the multi-stage stirring and cutting mechanism.

[0038] The included angle between the oblique stirring blade and the axis of the stirring tube is 30-60 degrees.

[0039] The included angle between the oblique stirring blade and the axis of the stirring tube is 45 degrees.

[0040] The mesh diameter of the sieve is 1-5 cm.

[0041] The mesh diameter of the sieve is 3-5 cm.

[0042] The present invention may also include a chopping mechanism comprising a chopping blade flange, a chopping shaft, and a chopping blade. The chopping shaft is connected to the motor extension shaft, and the chopping blades are welded to the chopping shaft at intervals. The chopping blade flange is used to connect to a hammering mechanism and / or a stirring mechanism. The addition of the chopping mechanism facilitates the processing of wet or green straw, and the chopping mechanism can be connected in series between the hammering mechanism and the stirring mechanism.

[0043] The hammer cutting mechanism, the chopping mechanism and / or the stirring cutting mechanism are composed of two or more stages connected in series.

[0044] Working process: Square bales of straw enter the crushing chamber through the feed port, are first broken up by the oblique cutting blades of the first-stage mixing and cutting mechanism and initially crushed by the flat cutting blades, and then enter the hammer cutting mechanism for strong impact and further crushing. Under the obstruction of the mesh screen, only the broken straw that meets the size passes through the mesh screen and enters the blade working chamber, and is thrown out to the discharge pipe under the rotation of the blades.

[0045] This invention, based on research and analysis of current straw types and the crushing characteristics of cutters and hammers, utilizes a combined hammering and agitating method. Cutters can also be used for cutting, and based on the material characteristics of coarse and hard square bales of straw, hammering and agitating are combined to crush coarse and hard straw, using a large motor as the drive. By establishing kinematic and dynamic theoretical equations, conducting virtual simulation analysis, and trial-producing a physical prototype, a series of experimental studies further optimized the structural and operating parameters, achieving excellent operational results and receiving positive reviews from feed processing companies.

Claims

1. A two-stage square bale straw crusher with stirring, cutting and striking, comprising a base, a motor and a housing mounted on the base, a discharge pipe and a feed port connected to the housing, and a crushing mechanism mounted inside the housing, characterized by: The crushing mechanism is directly driven by the motor. The motor extension shaft is equipped with an impeller, a hammer cutting mechanism and a stirring cutting mechanism. A crushing chamber is installed outside the hammer cutting mechanism in the casing. The crushing chamber is equipped with a screen. The impeller consists of a connecting sleeve, a base plate, blades and reinforcing ribs. The connecting sleeve is connected to the base plate and fixedly connected to the motor extension shaft through a key. The blades are fixed to the outer end of the base plate and supported by the reinforcing ribs. The blades rotate in the annular space surrounded by the base plate, the casing and the grinding chamber to crush and screen the qualified feed into the discharge pipe. The mixing and cutting mechanism consists of a mixing and cutting blade flange, a mixing and cutting pipe shaft, an oblique mixing and cutting blade, and a flat mixing and cutting blade. The mixing and cutting pipe shaft is connected to the motor extension shaft, and the oblique mixing and cutting blades and the flat mixing and cutting blades are welded to the mixing and cutting pipe shaft at intervals. The mixing and cutting blade flange is used to connect the multi-stage mixing and cutting mechanism. The hammer cutting mechanism includes a front plate and a rear plate. Hammer shafts are installed at the four corners between the front and rear plates and are covered with sleeves. Hammers are installed on the sleeves. The front and rear plates are connected to the hammer cutting pipe shaft, which is fixed to the motor extension shaft. A hammer cutting flange is provided in front of the hammer cutting pipe shaft, which is connected to the stirring blade flange. A reinforcing strip is connected to the hammer shaft at each of the four corners between the front and rear plates. One end of the reinforcing strip is fixedly connected to the hammer shaft head, and the other end is fixed to the front and rear plates.

2. The two-stage crushing square bale straw crusher with stirring, cutting and striking according to claim 1 is characterized by: The included angle between the oblique stirring blade and the axis of the stirring tube is 30-60 degrees.

3. The two-stage crushing square bale straw crusher with stirring, cutting and striking according to claim 2 is characterized by: The included angle between the oblique stirring blade and the axis of the stirring tube is 45 degrees.

4. The two-stage crushing square bale straw crusher with stirring, cutting and striking according to claim 1 is characterized by: The mesh diameter of the sieve is 1-5 cm.

5. The two-stage crushing square bale straw crusher with stirring, cutting and striking according to claim 1 is characterized by: The hammer cutting mechanism and the stirring cutting mechanism are composed of two or more stages connected in series.

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