Methods and apparatus for locating faulty disks

Abstract

This invention discloses a method and apparatus for locating a faulty disk. The method includes: when a first disk fault is detected, determining the location information of the first disk; the location information includes a logical chassis identifier (EID) and a logical slot identifier (SID); and locating the first disk based on its EID and SID. This effectively locates the faulty disk.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present invention relate to, but are not limited to, the field of general server disk management, and more specifically to a method and apparatus for locating faulty disks. Background Technology

[0002] With technological advancements, the storage capacity of a server has increased from tens of gigabytes to hundreds of terabytes. Consequently, the number of server chassis has increased from one to multiple, and the number of disks has grown from a few to dozens. This undoubtedly presents challenges for disk management and location. Since data is invaluable, the ability to quickly and accurately locate faulty disks among numerous disks has become especially crucial.

[0003] The relevant technologies mainly solve the problem through the following methods:

[0004] One solution is to use a private interface on a dedicated server. This method is becoming less and less common nowadays, as most servers used by various companies conform to common protocols, making this approach too limited.

[0005] Second, there's the mainstream rack diagram method. This method requires first acquiring the actual equipment, then spending a significant amount of time constructing a unique identifier for each disk, and finally using a front-end graphical interface to display the location of abnormal disks to maintenance personnel. The drawback of this method is that it requires constructing different rack diagrams for each type of machine, resulting in a huge workload. Furthermore, it necessitates the development and coordination of a graphical interface, leading to high investment and low efficiency.

[0006] Furthermore, the two methods mentioned above can only solve the problem of disk location for a single physical chassis and a single disk controller, which increases the limitations of the application. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for locating a faulty disk, comprising:

[0008] When a first disk failure is detected, the location information of the first disk is determined; the location information includes the logical chassis identifier (EID) and the logical slot identifier (SID).

[0009] The first disk is located based on its EID and SID.

[0010] This invention also provides an apparatus for locating a faulty disk, comprising:

[0011] The determining unit is used to determine the location information of the first disk when a first disk failure is detected; the location information includes the logical chassis identifier (EID) and the logical slot identifier (SID).

[0012] The positioning unit is used to locate the first disk based on its EID and SID.

[0013] This invention also provides an apparatus for locating a faulty disk, comprising: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the computer program, when executed by the processor, implements the above-described method for locating a faulty disk.

[0014] This invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing an information processing program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method for locating a faulty disk described above.

[0015] The technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present invention can effectively locate faulty disks.

[0016] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the description, claims and drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings are provided to further understand the technical solutions of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of this application to explain the technical solutions of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for locating a faulty disk according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating a method for locating a faulty disk according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the correspondence between EID (Enclosure) and SID (Slot) of the disk under the SAS controller in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the correspondence between EID (Enclosure) and SID (Slot) of the RAID card disk in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 A flowchart illustrating a method for locating a faulty disk according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 This is an example diagram illustrating the execution process of locating the faulty disk sdb in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 A flowchart illustrating a method for locating a faulty disk according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8 This is an example diagram illustrating the execution process of locating the faulty disk sdb in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a device for locating a faulty disk according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be arbitrarily combined with each other.

[0028] The steps illustrated in the flowchart in the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions. Furthermore, although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases the steps shown or described may be performed in a different order than that presented here.

[0029] SES stands for SCSI Enclosure Services, a protocol used to manage and monitor non-SCSI devices such as power supplies, cooling systems, and indicators within a computer chassis. Upper-layer applications can send query or control commands to chassis that support the SES protocol via SCSI commands to obtain the current status of the chassis and its internal devices, or to change the status of internal elements. Currently, there are two main methods for disk management in general-purpose servers. One method uses SAS (Serial Attached SCSI) controllers, which involves one or more SAS controllers, each connected to multiple disk devices via expander devices. The other method uses RAID cards. Both methods utilize chassis that adhere to the SES protocol.

[0030] Sysfs (System File System) is a relatively new virtual, memory-based file system in the Linux kernel. Besides providing functionality for viewing and setting kernel parameters, it also serves as a unified device model management tool for Linux. For each hardware device, the Linux kernel maintains two basic data structures, kobject and kset, organized in tree and linked list structures for hardware management. The Linux system maps these data structures to directories within the sysfs file system, and a specific attribute within a data structure is mapped to a specific file within that directory.

[0031] The technical solution provided in this embodiment uses technologies such as SES and Sysfs to provide a method for locating faulty disks. This method can effectively locate faulty disks and is simple to operate, highly versatile, highly reliable, and easy to implement.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for locating a faulty disk according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes:

[0033] Step 101: When a first disk failure is detected, determine the location information of the first disk; the location information includes the logical chassis identifier (EID) and the logical slot identifier (SID);

[0034] Step 102: Locate the first disk based on its EID and SID.

[0035] The step of determining the location information of the first disk includes:

[0036] Identify the management mode of the first disk; the management mode of the first disk is either Serial Small Computer System Interface (SAS) controller management or RAID disk array management;

[0037] The location information of the first disk is determined based on the management method of the first disk.

[0038] Wherein, when the management mode of the first disk is SAS controller management, determining the location information of the first disk according to the management mode of the first disk includes:

[0039] The SCSI bus information of the first disk is determined based on the name of the first disk.

[0040] Obtain the EID and SID of the first disk corresponding to the sysfs mapping based on the SCSI bus information of the first disk.

[0041] The method further includes, after obtaining the EID and SID of the first disk mapped to sysfs based on the SCSI bus information of the first disk:

[0042] Verify whether the SCSI bus information of the first disk exists and whether the SID of the first disk is within the logical block jurisdiction of the EID of the first disk.

[0043] Locating the first disk based on its EID and SID includes:

[0044] When the SCSI bus information of the first disk exists and the SID of the first disk is within the logical frame jurisdiction of the EID of the first disk, the first disk is located based on the EID and SID of the first disk.

[0045] Wherein, when the management method of the first disk is RAID card management, determining the location information of the first disk according to the management method of the first disk includes:

[0046] Obtain the mapping table between the RAID card controller and the PCI bus;

[0047] The SCSI bus information of the first disk is determined based on the name of the first disk;

[0048] Obtain the corresponding sysfs-mapped PCI bus information based on the SCSI bus information of the first disk;

[0049] The RAID card controller to which the first disk belongs is determined based on the correspondence table and the PCI bus information mapped by sysfs.

[0050] Obtain the EID and SID of the first disk according to the RAID card controller to which the first disk belongs.

[0051] The step of obtaining the EID and SID of the first disk according to the RAID card controller to which the first disk belongs includes:

[0052] Obtain the value of the T bit in the HCTL of the SCSI bus of the first disk;

[0053] Obtain the DG field of the first disk information under the RAID card controller to which the first disk belongs;

[0054] When the value of the T bit is equal to the value of the disk group DG field, the EID and SID of the first disk are obtained through the DG field.

[0055] The step of locating the first disk based on its EID and SID includes:

[0056] The first disk is alarmed and / or its indicator lights are turned on based on its EID and SID.

[0057] Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating a method for locating a faulty disk according to another embodiment of the present invention is shown below. Figure 2 As shown, the method includes:

[0058] Step 201: Periodically check whether the disks in the general server have failed;

[0059] The specific technology used to detect disk failures can be any existing solution, without any particular limitation. For example, disk health analysis solutions, etc.

[0060] When a disk in the general server fails, such as the first disk failure in this embodiment, step 202 is executed; otherwise, the process ends.

[0061] Step 202: When a first disk failure is detected, determine the location information of the first disk;

[0062] The location information includes the Logic Chassis Identifier (SID) and the Logic Slot Identifier (EID).

[0063] The step of determining the location information of the first disk includes:

[0064] Identify the management mode of the first disk; the management mode of the first disk is either Serial Small Computer System Interface (SAS) controller management or RAID disk array management;

[0065] The location information of the first disk is determined based on the management method of the first disk.

[0066] Specifically, disk management mainly focuses on two elements:

[0067] One is the Enclosure Identity (EID), which is equivalent to the logical representation of the physical chassis, representing a logical chassis; the other is the Slot (or ArrayDevice) Identity (SID), which is equivalent to the logical representation of a slot within the actual chassis, representing a logical slot. Therefore, there is a one-to-one relationship between the physical location and logical location (Enclosure, Slot) of a specific slot within a specific chassis. Due to differences in controllers, the following two situations also exist:

[0068] The first type, for disks managed by a SAS controller, shows the following correspondence between the controller, Expander (EXP), and sysfs: Figure 3 As shown, the left side is the logical structure diagram: CPU0 (Central Processing Unit) is connected to a SAS HBA (Host Bus Adapter). The SAS HBA has two physical chassis, SASEXIP1 and SASEXIP2. SASEXP1 corresponds to the logical chassis Enclosure1, and its two slots, Slot1 and Slot2, have disks A and B connected to it respectively. SASEXIP2 corresponds to the logical chassis Enclosure2, and its slot Slot0 has disk N connected to it. Mapping to the sysfs file system is as follows... Figure 3 As shown on the right, the SCSI bus information of the disk can be obtained through the drive letter, and then the attribute information of the disk under sysfs can be obtained through the SCSI bus information, resulting in a (Enclosure, Slot) tuple of information.

[0069] The second type, for disks managed by RAID (Redundant Arrays of Independent Drives) cards, has the following correspondence between the controller, EID, and SID: Figure 4 As shown, the left side is the logical structure diagram: CPU0 has two Controller0s connected to it. One of the Controller0s corresponds to the logical block Enclosure1, and its three slots Slot1, 2, and 3 are connected to disks A, B, and C respectively; the mapping to the RAID card is as follows. Figure 4 As shown on the right, the DG (Disk Groups) information in the RAID can be found through the third bit of the bus information, thereby obtaining the disk's (Controller, EID, SID) 3-tuple information.

[0070] Step 203: Alarm and / or turn on the lights for the first disk based on the EID and SID of the first disk.

[0071] Specifically, the notification indicates that a disk has failed, and maintenance personnel can prepare to go to the data center to replace the disk upon receiving the notification; and the faulty disk in the chassis corresponding to the above EID and SID will be highlighted, so that maintenance personnel can accurately perform the disk replacement operation and promptly discover the faulty disk during data center inspections.

[0072] Figure 5This is a flowchart illustrating a method for locating a faulty disk according to another embodiment of the present invention. It is assumed that, in this embodiment, a faulty disk sdb has been discovered and the management mode of disk sdb has been identified as SAS controller management. Figure 6 This is an example diagram illustrating the execution process of locating the faulty disk sdb in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0073] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the method includes:

[0074] Step 501: Determine the SCSI bus information of the disk sdb based on the disk sdb name;

[0075] like Figure 6 As shown in Figure 1, the SCSI bus information of disk sdb obtained in this embodiment is [0:0:1:0].

[0076] Step 502: Obtain the EID and SID of the disk sdb corresponding to the sysfs mapping based on the SCSI bus information of the disk sdb;

[0077] like Figure 6 As shown in Figure 2, in this embodiment, the EID and SID of the disk sdb are enclosure(0:0:24:0) and Slot01, respectively.

[0078] Step 503: Verify whether the SCSI bus information of the disk sdb exists and whether the SID of the disk sdb is within the logical block jurisdiction of the EID of the disk sdb.

[0079] like Figure 6 As shown in Figures 3 and 4, in this embodiment, the existence of bus information is verified and the Slot information Slot01 obtained is verified in reverse using the enclosure information (0:0:24:0) to see whether it is within the jurisdiction of the enclosure logical frame. It can be seen that the EID of the sdb device corresponding to the enclosure is sg24. Therefore, the SCSI bus information of the disk sdb exists and the SID of the disk sdb is within the jurisdiction of the logical frame corresponding to the EID of the disk sdb.

[0080] If the SCSI bus information of the disk sdb exists and the SID of the disk sdb is within the logical frame jurisdiction of the EID of the disk sdb, proceed to step 504; otherwise, return to step 501 or end the process.

[0081] Step 504: Follow the SES protocol to use (SlotID, enclosureID) for alarms and / or light activation.

[0082] Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for locating a faulty disk according to another embodiment of the present invention. It is assumed that, in this embodiment, a faulty disk sdb has been discovered and the management mode of disk sdb has been identified as RAID card management. Figure 8 This is an example diagram illustrating the execution process of locating the faulty disk sdb in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0083] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the method includes:

[0084] Step 701: Obtain the mapping table between the RAID card controller and the PCI bus;

[0085] like Figure 8 As shown in Figure 1, in this embodiment, the correspondence table between the RAID card controller and the PCI bus is obtained, where the RAID controller C0 corresponds to PCI 00:06:00:00.

[0086] Step 702: Determine the SCSI bus information of the disk sdb based on the disk sdb name;

[0087] like Figure 8 As shown in Figure 2, in this embodiment, the SCSI bus information of disk sdb is [1:2:0:0].

[0088] Step 703: Obtain the corresponding sysfs-mapped PCI bus information based on the SCSI bus information of the disk sdb;

[0089] like Figure 8 As shown in Figure 3, in this embodiment, the SCSI bus information [1:2:0:0] corresponds to the PCI bus information PCI 00:06:00:00.

[0090] Step 704: Determine the RAID card controller of the disk sdb based on the correspondence table and the PCI bus information mapped by the sysfs;

[0091] like Figure 8 As shown in Figure 4, in this embodiment, the RAID card controller corresponding to disk sdb is determined to be numbered C0.

[0092] Step 705: Obtain the value of the T bit in HCTL of the SCSI bus of the disk sdb;

[0093] Step 706: Obtain the disk group DG field of the disk information under controller C0 one by one. When the value of the T bit is equal to the value of the DG field, obtain the EID and SID of the disk sdb through the DG field.

[0094] like Figure 8As shown in Figure 4, in this embodiment, T=0, DG=0, and the EID and SID of disk sdb are (8:2) respectively.

[0095] Step 707: Follow the SES protocol to use (SlotID, enclosureID) for alarms and / or light activation.

[0096] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a device for locating a faulty disk according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 9 As shown, the device includes:

[0097] The determining unit is used to determine the location information of the first disk when a first disk failure is detected; the location information includes the logical chassis identifier (EID) and the logical slot identifier (SID).

[0098] The positioning unit is used to locate the first disk based on its EID and SID.

[0099] Specifically, the determining unit is used to identify the management mode of the first disk; the management mode of the first disk is either Serial Small Computer System Interface (SAS) controller management or RAID disk array management.

[0100] The location information of the first disk is determined based on the management method of the first disk.

[0101] Specifically, the determining unit is used to determine the Small Computer System Interface (SCSI) bus information of the first disk based on the name of the first disk when the first disk is managed by a SAS controller.

[0102] Obtain the EID and SID of the first disk corresponding to the sysfs mapping based on the SCSI bus information of the first disk.

[0103] The device also includes:

[0104] The verification unit is used to, after obtaining the EID and SID of the first disk mapped to the corresponding sysfs based on the SCSI bus information of the first disk,

[0105] Verify whether the SCSI bus information of the first disk exists and whether the SID of the first disk is within the logical block jurisdiction of the EID of the first disk.

[0106] The positioning unit is specifically used to locate the first disk based on its EID and SID when the SCSI bus information of the first disk exists and the SID of the first disk is within the logical frame jurisdiction of the EID of the first disk.

[0107] Specifically, the determining unit is used to obtain a table of correspondence between the RAID card controller and the PCI bus when the management mode of the first disk is RAID card management;

[0108] The SCSI bus information of the first disk is determined based on the name of the first disk;

[0109] Obtain the corresponding sysfs-mapped PCI bus information based on the SCSI bus information of the first disk;

[0110] The RAID card controller to which the first disk belongs is determined based on the correspondence table and the PCI bus information mapped by sysfs.

[0111] Obtain the EID and SID of the first disk according to the RAID card controller to which the first disk belongs.

[0112] The step of obtaining the EID and SID of the first disk according to the RAID card controller to which the first disk belongs includes:

[0113] Obtain the value of the T bit in the HCTL of the SCSI bus of the first disk;

[0114] Obtain the DG field of the first disk information under the RAID card controller to which the first disk belongs;

[0115] When the value of the T bit is equal to the value of the disk group DG field, the EID and SID of the first disk are obtained through the DG field.

[0116] Specifically, the positioning unit is used to alarm and / or turn on the lights of the first disk based on the EID and SID of the first disk.

[0117] This invention also provides an apparatus for locating a faulty disk, comprising: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the computer program, when executed by the processor, implements the method for locating a faulty disk as described above.

[0118] This invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing an information processing program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method for locating a faulty disk described above.

[0119] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or some of the steps, systems, or apparatuses disclosed above, and their functional modules / units, can be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, or suitable combinations thereof. In hardware implementations, the division between functional modules / units mentioned above does not necessarily correspond to the division of physical components; for example, a physical component may have multiple functions, or a function or step may be performed collaboratively by several physical components. Some or all components may be implemented as software executed by a processor, such as a digital signal processor or microprocessor, or as hardware, or as an integrated circuit, such as an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). Such software may be distributed on a computer-readable medium, which may include computer storage media (or non-transitory media) and communication media (or transient media). As is known to those skilled in the art, the term computer storage media includes volatile and non-volatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storing information (such as computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data). Computer storage media include, but are not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technologies, CD-ROM, digital versatile disc (DVD) or other optical disc storage, magnetic cartridges, magnetic tape, disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to store desired information and can be accessed by a computer. Furthermore, it is well known to those skilled in the art that communication media typically contain computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data in modulated data signals such as carrier waves or other transmission mechanisms, and may include any information delivery medium.

Claims

1. A method for locating a faulty disk, comprising: When a first disk failure is detected, the location information of the first disk is determined according to the management method of the first disk; The positioning information includes a logical chassis identifier (EID) and a logical slot identifier (SID). The first disk is managed by a serial small computer system interface (SAS) controller or a disk array (RAID) management system. Locate the first disk based on its EID and SID; When the management mode of the first disk is RAID management, determining the location information of the first disk according to its management mode includes: Obtain the mapping table between the RAID card controller and the PCI bus; The SCSI bus information of the first disk is determined based on the name of the first disk; Obtain the corresponding sysfs-mapped PCI bus information based on the SCSI bus information of the first disk; The RAID card controller to which the first disk belongs is determined based on the correspondence table and the PCI bus information mapped by sysfs. Obtain the value of the T bit in the HCTL of the SCSI bus of the first disk; Obtain the DG field of the first disk information under the RAID card controller to which the first disk belongs; When the value of the T bit is equal to the value of the DG field of the first disk information, the EID and SID of the first disk are obtained through the DG field.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: Identify the management method of the first disk.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the management mode of the first disk is SAS controller management, determining the location information of the first disk according to the management mode includes: The SCSI bus information of the first disk is determined based on the name of the first disk. Obtain the EID and SID of the first disk corresponding to the sysfs mapping based on the SCSI bus information of the first disk.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, After obtaining the EID and SID of the first disk mapped to the corresponding sysfs based on the SCSI bus information of the first disk, the method further includes: Verify whether the SCSI bus information of the first disk exists and whether the SID of the first disk is within the logical block jurisdiction of the EID of the first disk. Locating the first disk based on its EID and SID includes: When the SCSI bus information of the first disk exists and the SID of the first disk is within the logical frame jurisdiction of the EID of the first disk, the first disk is located based on the EID and SID of the first disk.

5. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, Locating the first disk based on its EID and SID includes: The first disk is alarmed and / or its indicator lights are turned on based on its EID and SID.

6. A device for locating a faulty hard disk, characterized in that, include: The determining unit is used to determine the location information of the first disk according to the management method of the first disk when a first disk failure is detected; the location information includes a logical chassis identifier (EID) and a logical slot identifier (SID), and the management method of the first disk is either serial small computer system interface (SAS) controller management or disk array (RAID) management; The positioning unit is used to locate the first disk based on its EID and SID. The determining unit is used to: when the management mode of the first disk is RAID management, Obtain the mapping table between the RAID card controller and the PCI bus; The SCSI bus information of the first disk is determined based on the name of the first disk; Obtain the corresponding sysfs-mapped PCI bus information based on the SCSI bus information of the first disk; The RAID card controller to which the first disk belongs is determined based on the correspondence table and the PCI bus information mapped by sysfs. Obtain the value of the T bit in the HCTL of the SCSI bus of the first disk; Obtain the DG field of the first disk information under the RAID card controller to which the first disk belongs; When the value of the T bit is equal to the value of the DG field of the first disk information, the EID and SID of the first disk are obtained through the DG field.

7. A device for locating a faulty hard disk, characterized in that, include: A memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the computer program, when executed by the processor, implements the method for locating a faulty disk as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

8. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores an information processing program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method for locating a faulty disk as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

Images