A lubricating oil pipe oil distribution device for propeller

Abstract

The invention discloses an oil distribution device for a lubricating oil pipe for a propeller, comprising a lubricating oil pipe installed in a propeller shell, a core assembly installed in the lubricating oil pipe and having the same central axis as the lubricating oil pipe, a locking nut, a mounting seat, an oil distribution bushing, a pitch valve, a spring, a spring seat and a pull rod, and a fixed-pitch valve mechanism installed in the lubricating oil pipe; the left end of the lubricating oil pipe is passed through the central hole of the propeller piston; high-pressure oil enters the central hole of the pitch valve and the pull rod, oil holes and oil paths connecting the propeller small-pitch oil chamber and the return oil chamber are provided between or on the wall of each component, and the left end is connected to the propeller large-pitch oil chamber after passing through the fixed-pitch valve mechanism; the reducer operating mechanism operates the pull rod to realize the variable pitch and fixed pitch functions of the propeller. The invention can meet the function of distributing oil to different functional oil chambers inside the propeller by only a single oil path oil inlet, simplifies the structure of the oil path in the propeller cavity and the reducer, reduces the probability of oil crossover, saves electronic control devices, has a simple design and high reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a lubricating oil pipe oil distribution device for a propeller. Background Art

[0002] The existing propeller has only four passages for lubricating oil transfer devices, namely, large pitch, small pitch, fixed pitch and oil return. It only serves to guide the oil in the reducer oil circuit to the four oil chambers of large pitch, small pitch, fixed pitch and oil return in the propeller cavity, and does not have an oil separation function. Its design principle is simple, but in order to achieve the purpose of four passages in the lubricating oil pipe cavity, its internal structure is complex, with many parts and complex assembly. This also leads to the fact that the air propeller cavity must have four oil chambers, namely, large pitch, small pitch, fixed pitch and oil return, and the reducer must have four oil circuits, namely, large pitch, small pitch, fixed pitch and oil return. The hydraulic servo mechanism installed on the propulsion reducer is used to realize the on-off of different oil circuits, realize the variable pitch of the propeller, and achieve the purpose of adjusting the blade angle. The propeller has a complex structure, and the sealing between the oil chambers is required to be good. The assembly precision of the various parts is high. Once a dimensional error occurs, oil cross-talk will occur, resulting in unstable oil pressure, and even failure to meet the pitch change requirements of the propeller. The propeller is difficult to assemble, the cost is high, and the manufacturing cost is high; the structure is complex, the parts are many, and maintenance is also difficult. In addition, the oil circuit layout of the reducer is also very complicated. Once the seal is not good, the oil circuit will leak oil, resulting in unstable oil pressure, or even failing to meet working requirements. The oil pressure control system of the engine is also very complicated, which makes these components difficult to manufacture, high in manufacturing cost, difficult to repair, and high in repair cost. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art and to provide an oil distribution device for a lubricating oil pipe for a propeller. The oil distribution device only needs a single oil inlet to satisfy the function of distributing oil to different functional oil chambers inside the propeller, thereby simplifying the structure of the oil circuit in the propeller cavity and the reducer, reducing the manufacturing cost of the propeller and the reducer, reducing the probability of oil cross-talk, saving electronic control devices, and having a simple design and high reliability.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is: an oil distribution device for a lubricating oil pipe for a propeller, comprising a lubricating oil pipe installed in a propeller shell, a core assembly installed in the lubricating oil pipe and having the same central axis as the lubricating oil pipe, a locking nut, a mounting seat, an oil distribution bushing, a pitch valve, a spring, a spring seat and a pull rod, and a fixed-pitch valve mechanism installed in the lubricating oil pipe; the left end of the lubricating oil pipe is passed through the central hole of the propeller piston and is sealed by a sealing ring; the core assembly and the lubricating oil pipe are assembled with a micro-gap, and an oil return path Ⅰ at the left end, a small-pitch oil path Ⅰ at the right end and three sealing rings for isolating the oil path are arranged between the two; the small-pitch oil path Ⅰ is connected to the small-pitch oil chamber of the propeller through the small-pitch oil inlet hole on the lubricating oil pipe, and the small-pitch oil chamber of the propeller is connected to the oil return path Ⅰ through the oil return hole Ⅰ on the lubricating oil pipe; The left end of the oil separator is provided with an oil return hole II connected to the return oil circuit I, and the right end of the middle part is provided with a small-pitch oil through hole I connected to the small-pitch oil circuit I; the oil separator bushing and the core assembly are assembled with a micro-gap, and the left end of the two is provided with a large-pitch oil circuit I, and the right end is provided with an oil return circuit II connected to the return oil hole II; the pitch valve and the right end of the oil separator bushing are assembled with a micro-gap, and the left end is provided with a large-pitch oil return circuit, the middle end is provided with a small-pitch oil return circuit connected to the return oil circuit II, and the right end is provided with a large-pitch oil through hole connected to the large-pitch oil circuit I; the left end of the oil separator bushing is provided with a large-pitch oil through hole connected to the large-pitch oil circuit, the middle part is provided with an oil return hole III connecting the return oil hole II and the large-pitch oil return circuit, and the right end is provided with a small-pitch oil through hole II connected to the small-pitch oil through hole I; the pitch valve has a central high-pressure oil hole, and the left end thereof is provided with a large-pitch oil outlet hole connected to the central high-pressure oil hole, and the middle part is provided with a large-pitch oil outlet hole connected to the central high-pressure oil hole. The pull rod is positioned and supported at the center of the lubricating oil pipe by a positioning sleeve, and its left end extends into the core assembly. There is a step on the outer circle of its left end, and the left end face of the step is pressed against the boss on the outer circle of the right end of the pitch valve, and the pitch valve partially protrudes from the groove on the inner circle of the pull rod at the right end of the boss; the center high-pressure oil hole of the pull rod is connected with the center high-pressure oil hole of the pitch valve, and is connected with the high-pressure oil outlet of the reducer; the right end of the core assembly is provided with a spring seat fixed on its inner port, and the spring is passed through the pull rod and limited between the pull rod step and the spring seat; return oil circuits are arranged between the left end of the pull rod and the core assembly, and between the middle and right ends and the lubricating oil pipe, the spring seat is provided with a return oil through hole, and the pull rod step is provided with a return oil through hole connected to the small-pitch return oil circuit The oil return hole connecting the oil return circuit and the propeller oil return chamber is formed on the oil pipe; the right end of the fixed-pitch valve mechanism is assembled in a micro-gap on the left end of the oil distribution bushing and is sealed by a sealing ring, the left end is assembled in a micro-gap with the core assembly and is sealed by a sealing ring, the left end is tightened and fixed by a locking nut fixed on the left end of the core assembly, and the mounting seat fixes the left end of the locking nut, the core assembly and the oil pipe together; the long-pitch oil circuit I is connected with the locking nut, the mounting seat and the long-pitch center oil hole at the right end of the oil pipe through the fixed-pitch valve mechanism, and a long-pitch oil inlet hole is formed on the wall of the propeller piston; the left end of the oil pipe is fixed to the propeller piston by bolts and nuts, and the right end is fixed to the inner spline of the pitch-changing sleeve in the propeller and is positioned by a locating pin, and a sliding hole for the bolt is formed on the corresponding position of the wall of the left end of the oil pipe;The pull rod is connected to the reducer operating mechanism; when the propeller blade angle is changed to a larger pitch, the reducer operating mechanism drives the pull rod to move right, the large-pitch oil outlet hole is connected to the large-pitch oil through hole, the small-pitch oil outlet hole is connected to the small-pitch oil through hole II, the oil return hole I is connected to the oil return circuit II, the large-pitch oil chamber enters oil and the pressure increases, the small-pitch oil chamber both enters oil and returns oil, the pressure is very small, the piston moves to the right, and the propeller blade angle changes toward the large-pitch angle; when the propeller blade angle is changed to a smaller pitch, the reducer operating mechanism drives the pull rod to move left, the large-pitch oil through hole is no longer connected to the large-pitch oil outlet hole, but is connected to the large-pitch oil return circuit, the small-pitch oil outlet hole is connected to the small-pitch oil chamber The oil hole II is connected, and the oil return path I is no longer connected to the oil return hole II. The small pitch oil chamber enters the oil, and the pressure increases. The large pitch oil chamber returns the oil, and the pressure is very small. The piston moves to the left, and the propeller blade angle changes to the small pitch angle direction; when the engine or reducer fails, the high-pressure lubricating oil pressure entering the propeller from the reducer drops rapidly. When it drops to a level that cannot keep the fixed pitch valve mechanism in the open state, the fixed pitch valve mechanism closes, and the large pitch oil path I is no longer connected to the large pitch center oil hole. The large pitch oil path is forcibly disconnected, the large pitch oil chamber is closed, the piston in the propeller no longer moves, and the propeller blade angle no longer changes and is in the fixed pitch state. ;

[0005] Further preferably, the fixed-distance valve mechanism includes a fixed-distance valve assembly, a fixed-distance valve plunger, a spring seat and a plunger spring; the fixed-distance valve assembly includes a fixed-distance valve and a valve sleeve with a variable diameter inner hole and a variable diameter outer circle; the valve sleeve has three inner diameters of large, medium and small from left to right, and the left port of the medium inner diameter is set as a valve; the fixed-distance valve is sleeved in the inner hole of the valve sleeve, and its left end is provided with a valve plate that can close the valve, and the variable diameter part of its right end is blocked at the inner step of the right end of the valve sleeve, and the thin end passes through the inner step hole; the right end of the fixed-distance valve plunger is clamped and fixed on the inner wall of the left end of the oil-dividing bushing, the spring seat is U-shaped, and it is sleeved in the fixed-distance valve plunger, and a fixed-distance oil chamber is left between the left end wall and the fixed-distance valve plunger, and a connecting hole is opened on the wall of the fixed-distance valve plunger and the oil-dividing bushing The fixed-distance oil chamber and the fixed-distance oil inlet hole Ⅰ of the large-distance oil circuit Ⅰ, the inner wall of the oil-distributing bushing at both ends of the fixed-distance oil inlet hole Ⅰ are respectively crimped with sealing rings; there is a large-distance oil circuit Ⅱ that runs through the large-distance oil circuit Ⅰ between the fixed-distance valve plunger and the oil-distributing bushing and the core assembly; the right end of the fixed-distance valve assembly is sleeved in the spring seat, the left end face of the left end valve jacket is against the right end face of the locking nut, the right end plate of the right end fixed-distance valve is facing the U-shaped bottom center boss of the spring seat, the valve jacket and the core assembly are matched with a micro-clearance and sealed by the sealing ring; there are two layers of plunger springs 10 sleeved between the upper limit of the fixed-distance valve assembly and the variable diameter step of the valve jacket outer circle and the U-shaped bottom surface of the spring seat in the spring seat; there is an oil hole connecting the middle diameter inner hole of the valve jacket and the large-distance oil circuit Ⅱ on the valve jacket wall. The fixed-distance valve mechanism is reliable to open and close.

[0006] Further preferably, the locking nut is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the left end of the core assembly, and is clamped in the groove of the inner wall of the locking nut by a clamping ring with a pin, and the pin is inserted into the pin holes at the corresponding positions of the locking nut 1 and the core assembly; the mounting seat clamped in the tapered hole at the front end of the locking nut is riveted and fixed to the corresponding wall of the core assembly by an axle pin. This structure is easy to install and disassemble, and has high fixing reliability.

[0007] Further preferably, a spring gasket is provided between the left end of the spring seat and the spring; the right end of the spring seat is fixed by an elastic retaining ring through a hole clamped in a groove in the inner wall of the right port of the core assembly.

[0008] Further preferably, an anti-slip ring of the positioning sleeve is sleeved on the pull rod at the right end of the positioning sleeve.

[0009] The present invention can satisfy the function of dividing oil into different functional oil chambers inside the propeller with only a single oil inlet. When the present invention is installed in a propeller, the fixed-distance oil chamber is reduced in the inner cavity of the propeller, and the reducer has only a high-pressure oil inlet oil circuit, which greatly simplifies the structure of the oil circuits in the inner cavity of the propeller and the reducer, making the propeller assembly relatively simple, reducing the production cost of the propeller and the reducer, reducing the probability of oil cross-talk, saving electronic control devices, simple design, and high reliability. The manufacture and maintenance of the propeller and the reducer also become simple, and the life of these components is enhanced. The present invention is particularly suitable for use on ships. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention when the pitch is changed;

[0011] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention when the pitch is reduced. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0012] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0013] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, this embodiment includes a lubricating oil pipe 20 installed in the propeller shell, a core assembly 5 installed in the lubricating oil pipe 20 and coaxial with the lubricating oil pipe 20, a locking nut 1, a mounting seat 3, an oil distribution bushing 21, a pitch valve 12, a spring 15, a spring seat 17 and a pull rod 19, and a fixed-pitch valve mechanism installed in the lubricating oil pipe 20. The left end of the lubricating oil pipe 20 passes through the center hole of the propeller piston 14 and is sealed by a sealing ring. The core assembly 5 and the lubricating oil pipe 20 are assembled with a micro gap, and the left end of the return oil path I48, the right end of the small pitch oil path I31 and three sealing rings for separating the oil paths are arranged between the two. The small pitch oil path I31 is connected to the small pitch oil chamber 53 of the propeller through the small pitch oil inlet hole 39 on the lubricating oil pipe 20, and the small pitch oil chamber 53 of the propeller is connected to the return oil path I48 through the return oil hole I45 on the lubricating oil pipe 20. The left end of the middle part of the core component 5 is provided with an oil return hole II46 connected to the oil return path I48, and the right end of the middle part is provided with a small-pitch oil hole I27 connected to the small-pitch oil path I31. The oil distribution bushing 21 is assembled with a small gap with the core component 5, and the left end is provided with a large-pitch oil path I54, and the right end is provided with an oil return path II44 connected to the oil return hole II46; the pitch valve 12 is assembled with a small gap with the right end of the oil distribution bushing 21, and the left end large-pitch oil return path 26, the middle small-pitch oil path II43, and the right end small-pitch oil return path 30 connected to the oil return path II44 are provided between the two. The left end of the oil distribution bushing 21 is provided with a large-pitch oil hole 24 connected to the large-pitch oil path I54, the middle part is provided with an oil return hole III47 connected to the oil return hole II46 and the large-pitch oil return path 26, and the right end is provided with a small-pitch oil hole II28 connected to the small-pitch oil hole I27. The pitch valve 12 has a central high-pressure oil hole 55, a large-pitch oil outlet hole 25 connected to the central high-pressure oil hole 55 is opened at its left end, and a small-pitch oil outlet hole 29 connected to the central high-pressure oil hole 55 and the small-pitch oil passage II 43 is opened in the middle. The pull rod 19 is positioned and supported at the center of the lubricating oil pipe 20 by the positioning sleeve 34, and its left end extends into the core assembly 5. There is a step 40 on the outer circle of the left end, and the left end surface of the step 40 is pressed against the boss of the outer circle of the right end of the pitch valve 12. The pitch valve 12 partially protrudes from the groove of the inner circle of the pull rod 19 at the right end of the boss. Preferably, the pull rod 19 at the right end of the positioning sleeve 34 is sleeved with an anti-slip ring 35 of the positioning sleeve 34. The central high-pressure oil hole 37 of the pull rod 19 is connected to the central high-pressure oil hole 55 of the pitch valve 12, and is connected to the high-pressure oil outlet of the reducer; the right end of the core assembly 5 has a spring seat 17 fixed to its inner port, and the spring 15 is passed through the pull rod 19 and limited between the step 40 of the pull rod 19 and the spring seat 17. Preferably, there is a spring washer 16 between the left end of the spring seat 17 and the spring 15; the right end of the spring seat 17 is fixed by a hole in the inner wall groove of the right port of the core assembly 5 with a retaining ring 18.An oil return path 56 is provided between the left end of the tie rod 19 and the core assembly 5, and between the middle and right ends and the lubricating oil pipe 20. The spring seat 17 is provided with an oil return hole 32, the tie rod step 40 is provided with an oil return hole 41 connected to the small pitch oil return path 30, and the lubricating oil pipe 20 is provided with an oil return hole 38 connected to the oil return path 56 and the propeller oil return chamber 33. The right end of the fixed-pitch valve mechanism is slightly gapped and assembled on the left end of the oil distribution bushing 21 and sealed by a sealing ring, the left end is slightly gapped and assembled with the core assembly 5 and sealed by a sealing ring, the left end is fixed by the locking nut 1 fixed on the left end of the core assembly 5, and the mounting seat 3 fixes the left end of the locking nut 1, the core assembly 5 and the lubricating oil pipe 20 together. The long-distance oil circuit I 54 is connected with the locking nut 1, the mounting seat 3 and the long-distance central oil hole 58 at the right end of the lubricating oil pipe 20 through the fixed-distance valve mechanism, and a long-distance oil inlet hole 11 is opened on the wall of the propeller piston 14. Preferably, the fixed-distance valve mechanism includes a fixed-distance valve assembly 7, a fixed-distance valve plunger 8, a spring seat 9 and a plunger spring 10; the fixed-distance valve assembly 7 includes a fixed-distance valve 49 and a valve jacket 50 with a variable diameter inner hole and a variable diameter outer circle; the valve jacket 50 has three inner diameters of large, medium and small from left to right, and the left port of the medium inner diameter is set as a valve; the fixed-distance valve 49 is sleeved in the inner hole of the valve jacket 50, and its left end has a valve that can close the valve The right end of the valve plate 51 is blocked at the inner step of the right end of the valve sleeve 50, and the thin end passes through the inner step hole; the right end of the fixed-distance valve plunger 8 is clamped and fixed on the inner wall of the left end of the oil separation bushing 21, and the spring seat 9 is U-shaped, which is sleeved in the fixed-distance valve plunger 8. A fixed-distance oil chamber 23 is left between the left end wall and the fixed-distance valve plunger 8. The walls of the fixed-distance valve plunger 8 and the oil separation bushing 21 are opened to connect the fixed-distance oil chamber 23 and The fixed-distance oil inlet hole Ⅰ57 of the long-distance oil circuit Ⅰ54, the inner wall of the oil separation bushing 21 at both ends of the fixed-distance oil inlet hole Ⅰ57 is respectively crimped with a sealing ring; the fixed-distance valve plunger 8 and the oil separation bushing 21 and the core assembly 5 are connected with the large-distance oil circuit Ⅰ54. The right end of the fixed-distance valve assembly 7 is sleeved in the spring seat 9, the left end face of the left end valve sleeve 50 is against the right end face of the locking nut 1, and the right end fixed-distance valve 49 The right end plate faces the central boss of the U-shaped bottom surface of the spring seat 9, and the valve sleeve 50 is matched with the core assembly 5 in a micro-gap and sealed by a sealing ring; there are two layers of plunger springs 10 in the spring seat 9, which are sleeved between the variable diameter step of the fixed-distance valve assembly 7 and the U-shaped bottom surface of the spring seat 9; an oil hole 13 is opened on the wall of the valve sleeve 50 to connect the middle diameter inner hole of the valve sleeve 50 and the large-distance oil passage II 22. Preferably, the locking nut 1 is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the left end of the core assembly 5, and is clamped in the groove of the inner wall of the locking nut 1 by a clamping ring 4 with a pin, and the pin is inserted into the pin holes at the corresponding positions of the locking nut 1 and the core assembly 5; the mounting seat 3 clamped in the tapered hole at the front end of the locking nut 1 is fixed to the corresponding wall of the core assembly 5 by a shaft pin riveting.The left end of the lubricating oil pipe 20 is fixed to the propeller piston 14 by a bolt 52 and a nut, and the right end thereof is fixed to the inner spline of the pitch-changing sleeve in the propeller and is positioned by a locating pin 36. A sliding hole for the bolt 52 is opened at a corresponding position on the wall of the left end portion of the lubricating oil pipe 20; the pull rod 19 is connected to the reducer operating mechanism; when the propeller blade angle is changed to a large pitch, the reducer operating mechanism drives the pull rod to move right, the large pitch oil outlet hole 25 is connected with the large pitch oil hole 24, the small pitch oil outlet hole 29 is connected with the small pitch oil hole II 28, the oil return hole I 45 is connected with the oil return path II 44, the large pitch oil chamber 6 enters oil, the pressure increases, the small pitch oil chamber both enters oil and returns oil, the pressure is very small, the piston moves to the right, and the propeller blade angle changes in the direction of the large pitch angle; when the propeller blade angle is changed to a small pitch, the reducer operating mechanism drives the pull rod to move right, The movable pull rod moves to the left, the large-pitch oil hole 24 is no longer connected with the large-pitch oil outlet hole 25, but is connected with the large-pitch oil return path 26, the small-pitch oil outlet hole 29 is connected with the small-pitch oil hole II 28, the oil return hole I 45 is no longer connected with the oil return path II 44, oil enters the small-pitch oil chamber, the pressure increases, and oil returns to the large-pitch oil chamber 6, the pressure is very small, the piston moves to the left, and the propeller blade angle changes toward the small-pitch angle; when the engine or reducer fails, the pressure of the high-pressure lubricating oil entering the propeller from the reducer drops rapidly, and when it drops to a level that cannot keep the fixed-pitch valve mechanism in the open state, the fixed-pitch valve mechanism closes, the large-pitch oil path I 54 is no longer connected with the large-pitch center oil hole 58, the large-pitch oil path is forcibly disconnected, the large-pitch oil chamber 6 is closed, the piston in the propeller no longer moves, and the propeller blade angle no longer changes.

[0014] Of course, the present invention has many other embodiments. Without violating the spirit and essence of the present invention, technicians familiar with the field can make corresponding changes and deformations based on the present invention, but these corresponding changes and deformations should be regarded as improvements of equivalent technologies and belong to the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A propeller lubricating oil pipe oil distribution device, characterized in that: It includes a lubricating oil pipe installed in the propeller shell, a core assembly installed in the lubricating oil pipe and coaxial with the lubricating oil pipe, a locking nut, a mounting seat, an oil distribution bushing, a pitch valve, a spring, a spring seat and a pull rod, and a fixed-pitch valve mechanism installed in the lubricating oil pipe; the left end of the lubricating oil pipe is passed through the center hole of the propeller piston and is sealed by a sealing ring; the core assembly and the lubricating oil pipe are assembled with a micro-gap, and an oil return circuit Ⅰ at the left end, a small-pitch oil circuit Ⅰ at the right end and three sealing rings that isolate the oil circuit are arranged between the two; the small-pitch oil circuit Ⅰ is connected to the small-pitch oil chamber of the propeller through the small-pitch oil inlet hole on the lubricating oil pipe, and the small-pitch oil chamber of the propeller is connected to the oil return circuit Ⅰ through the oil return hole Ⅰ on the lubricating oil pipe; an oil return hole Ⅱ connected to the return oil circuit Ⅰ is opened at the left end of the middle part of the core assembly, and an oil return hole Ⅱ connected to the small-pitch oil return circuit Ⅰ is opened at the right end of the middle part The oil separator bushing is assembled with a micro-gap with the core assembly, with a large-pitch oil circuit I arranged at the left end between the two, and an oil return circuit II connected with the oil return hole II arranged at the right end; the pitch valve is assembled with a micro-gap with the right end of the oil separator bushing, with a large-pitch oil return circuit at the left end, a small-pitch oil circuit II in the middle, and a small-pitch oil return circuit connected with the oil return circuit II at the right end between the two; the oil separator bushing has a large-pitch oil hole connected with the large-pitch oil circuit I at the left end, an oil return hole III connected with the oil return hole II and the large-pitch oil return circuit in the middle, and a small-pitch oil hole II connected with the small-pitch oil hole I at the right end; the pitch valve has a central high-pressure oil hole, with a large-pitch oil outlet hole connected with the central high-pressure oil hole at the left end, and a small-pitch oil outlet hole connected with the central high-pressure oil hole and the small-pitch oil circuit II in the middle; the pull rod is composed of The locating sleeve is positioned and supported in the center of the lubricating oil pipe, and its left end portion extends into the core assembly. There is a step on the outer circle of its left end, and the left end surface of the step is against the boss on the outer circle of the right end portion of the pitch valve, and the pitch valve partially protrudes from the groove of the inner circle of the pull rod at the right end of the boss; the central high-pressure oil hole of the pull rod is connected with the central high-pressure oil hole of the pitch valve, and is connected with the high-pressure oil outlet of the reducer; the right end of the core assembly is provided with a spring seat fixedly connected to its inner port, and the spring is passed through the pull rod and limited between the pull rod step and the spring seat; return oil circuits are provided between the left end portion of the pull rod and the core assembly, and between the middle and right ends and the lubricating oil pipe, the spring seat is provided with a return oil through hole, the pull rod step is provided with a return oil through hole connected to the small-pitch return oil circuit, and the lubricating oil pipe is provided with a return oil through hole connecting the return oil circuit and the propeller return The oil return hole of the oil chamber; the micro-gap of the right end of the fixed-pitch valve mechanism is assembled on the left end of the oil distribution bushing and is sealed by a sealing ring, the left end is assembled with the micro-gap of the core assembly and is sealed by a sealing ring, the left end is tightened and fixed by a locking nut fixed on the left end of the core assembly, and the mounting seat fixes the left end of the locking nut, the core assembly and the lubricating oil pipe together; the long-pitch oil circuit I is connected with the locking nut, the mounting seat and the long-pitch center oil hole at the right end of the lubricating oil pipe through the fixed-pitch valve mechanism, and a long-pitch oil inlet hole is opened on the wall of the propeller piston; the left end of the lubricating oil pipe is fixed to the propeller piston by bolts and nuts, and its right end is fixed to the inner spline of the pitch sleeve inside the propeller and is positioned by a locating pin, and a sliding hole for the bolt is opened at the corresponding position on the wall of the left end of the lubricating oil pipe; the pull rod is connected to the reducer operating mechanism;When the propeller blade angle is changed to a larger pitch, the reducer operating mechanism drives the rod to move right, the large pitch oil outlet is connected to the large pitch oil hole, the small pitch oil outlet is connected to the small pitch oil hole II, and the oil return hole I is connected to the oil return path II; when the propeller blade angle is changed to a smaller pitch, the reducer operating mechanism drives the rod to move left, the large pitch oil hole is no longer connected to the large pitch oil outlet, but to the large pitch oil return path, the small pitch oil outlet is connected to the small pitch oil hole II, and the oil return path I is no longer connected to the oil return path II; if the engine or reducer fails, the fixed pitch valve mechanism is closed, the large pitch oil path I is no longer connected to the large pitch center oil hole, and the propeller blade angle no longer changes and is in a fixed pitch state. ; 2. The propeller lubricating oil pipe oil distribution device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed-distance valve mechanism includes a fixed-distance valve assembly, a fixed-distance valve plunger, a spring seat and a plunger spring; the fixed-distance valve assembly includes a fixed-distance valve and a valve sleeve with a variable diameter inner hole and a variable diameter outer circle; the valve sleeve has three inner diameters from left to right, namely large, medium and small, and the left port of the medium inner diameter is set as a valve; the fixed-distance valve is sleeved in the inner hole of the valve sleeve, and a valve plate capable of closing the valve is provided at its left end, and the variable diameter part at its right end is blocked at the inner step at the right end of the valve sleeve, and the thin end passes through the inner step hole; the right end of the fixed-distance valve plunger is clamped and fixed on the inner wall of the left end of the oil-dividing bushing, the spring seat is U-shaped, and is sleeved in the fixed-distance valve plunger, and a fixed-distance oil cavity is left between the left end wall and the fixed-distance valve plunger, and the walls of the fixed-distance valve plunger and the oil-dividing bushing are provided with a connecting fixed-distance oil The fixed-distance oil inlet hole Ⅰ of the cavity and the large-distance oil circuit Ⅰ, and the inner walls of the oil-dividing bushings at both ends of the fixed-distance oil inlet hole Ⅰ are respectively crimped with sealing rings; there is a large-distance oil circuit Ⅱ that runs through the large-distance oil circuit Ⅰ between the fixed-distance valve plunger and the oil-dividing bushing and the core assembly; the right end of the fixed-distance valve assembly is sleeved in the spring seat, the left end face of the left-end valve jacket is against the right end face of the locking nut, the right end plate of the right-end fixed-distance valve is facing the central boss of the U-shaped bottom surface of the spring seat, the valve jacket and the core assembly are matched with a micro-clearance and are sealed by a sealing ring; there are two layers of plunger springs sleeved between the reducing step of the fixed-distance valve assembly, which is located at the upper limit of the valve jacket and the U-shaped bottom surface of the spring seat in the spring seat; an oil through hole connecting the middle-diameter inner hole of the valve jacket and the large-distance oil circuit Ⅱ is opened on the wall of the valve jacket.

3. The propeller lubricating oil pipe oil distribution device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The locking nut is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the left end of the core assembly, and is clamped in the groove of the inner wall of the locking nut by a clamping ring with a pin, and the pin is inserted into the pin holes at the corresponding positions of the locking nut and the core assembly; the mounting seat clamped in the conical hole at the front end of the locking nut is fixed to the corresponding wall of the core assembly by riveting with an axle pin.

4. The propeller lubricating oil pipe oil distribution device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: A spring gasket is arranged between the left end of the spring seat and the spring; the right end of the spring seat is fixed by an elastic retaining ring through a hole clamped in a groove in the inner wall of the right port of the core component.

5. The propeller lubricating oil pipe oil distribution device according to claim 4, characterized in that: An anti-slip ring of the positioning sleeve is sleeved on the pull rod at the right end of the positioning sleeve.

6. The propeller lubricating oil pipe oil distribution device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: An anti-slip ring of the positioning sleeve is sleeved on the pull rod at the right end of the positioning sleeve.

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