A method for preparing aluminum and aluminum alloy welding wire

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing aluminum and aluminum alloy welding wire, including smelting, casting, rolling, heat treatment, large drawing, medium drawing, small drawing, scraping and wire taking-up of aluminum alloy; the small drawing includes first drawing, intermediate drawing and final drawing, and the total compression rate of the small drawing is controlled within 80%; specifically including the following steps: 1) first drawing, the compression rate of the first drawing is 13%~15%; 2) multiple intermediate drawing, the compression rate of each drawing is 15%~17%; the drawing rate is measured after each drawing until the design requirements are met; 3) final drawing, the final drawing is a single drawing, and the compression rate is 17%~19%. The invention improves the production efficiency of aluminum alloy welding wire and ensures the stable quality of aluminum alloy welding wire, and the obtained welding wire has uniform performance and bright surface.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of alloy welding wires, and in particular to a method for preparing aluminum and aluminum alloy welding wires. Background Art

[0002] At present, the process of preparing aluminum alloy welding wire is smelting aluminum alloy, casting, rolling, heat treatment, large drawing (maximum inlet wire 12mm, minimum outlet wire 4.5mm), medium drawing (maximum inlet wire 5mm, minimum outlet wire 2.0mm) and small drawing (maximum inlet wire 3mm, minimum outlet wire 0.8mm). After small drawing, the wire is collected and then enters the next scraping process. The scraping adopts the scraping method of two knives in one pass. After scraping, it is compressed, deformed, cleaned and dried, and finally collected to make the finished welding wire.

[0003] However, the above preparation process has the following disadvantages: 1. Since the wire needs to be reeled in after the small drawing during the preparation process, the prepared aluminum wire is prone to scratches, and the wire body will inevitably deform. There is no heat treatment to eliminate this deformation after the small drawing, so these deformations will be introduced into the final welding wire product with the aluminum wire, destroying the uniformity of the product. 2. The wire needs to be reeled in and then released after the small drawing, resulting in the need for two reelings in the entire preparation process, and the preparation speed is slow. The feed speed of the existing wire drawing machine is 0.5 to 1 m / s. 3. The current one-pass scraping cannot completely remove the oil stains on the surface of the aluminum wire. It is necessary to use a detergent to clean the aluminum wire to remove the oil stains. A large amount of detergent is required and the sewage after cleaning is difficult to handle. Even after cleaning, the aluminum wire will inevitably have oil stains, which will directly lead to unqualified products. 4. After scraping, there are also compression deformation, cleaning, and drying processes. The more processes there are after scraping, the greater the degree of damage to the surface of the aluminum wire, and the greater the impact on the quality of the product.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to improve the existing preparation process of aluminum alloy welding wire, so as to improve the production efficiency of aluminum alloy welding wire and enhance the quality of finished products of aluminum alloy welding wire. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems of slow preparation speed and poor quality of finished welding wire in the existing aluminum alloy welding wire, and to provide a method for preparing aluminum and aluminum alloy welding wire, which can greatly improve the preparation speed of aluminum alloy welding wire and obtain aluminum and aluminum alloy welding wire products with uniform performance, bright surface and stable performance.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A method for preparing aluminum and aluminum alloy welding wire, comprising smelting, casting, rolling, heat treatment, large drawing, medium drawing, small drawing, scraping and wire winding of aluminum alloy; the small drawing comprises first drawing, intermediate drawing and shaping drawing, and the total compression rate of the small drawing is controlled within 80%; the method specifically comprises the following steps:

[0008] 1) first drawing, wherein the compression rate of the first drawing is 13% to 15%;

[0009] 2) Repeat the intermediate drawing for several times, with the compression rate of each drawing being 15% to 17%; measure the drawing rate after each drawing until the design requirements are met;

[0010] 3) Shaping and drawing, wherein the shaping and drawing is a one-time drawing, and the compression rate is 17% to 19%.

[0011] Furthermore, the total compression rate of the small drawing is 60% to 80%, wherein the compression rate of the first drawing is 13%, the compression rate of each pass of the intermediate drawing is 15%, and the compression rate of the final drawing is 17%.

[0012] By combining the small drawing and scraping processes, and setting the small drawing to multi-pass drawing, and by reasonably allocating the compression ratio of each drawing pass, the highest total compression rate is controlled to be 80%, which improves the production efficiency of the aluminum alloy welding wire and ensures the stable quality of the aluminum alloy welding wire, and the obtained welding wire has uniform performance and a bright surface.

[0013] In order to improve the service life of the mold and lubricating oil, the total compression rate of small drawing is selected to be 60% to 80%, and can be further preferably selected to be 80%. The first drawing cannot use a large pass compression rate, only a smaller pass compression rate can be selected, but too small a compression rate will affect the production efficiency, and at the same time will increase the number of drawing passes and increase the production cost. Therefore, the compression rate selected for the first drawing is 13% to 15%, and preferably 13%. Too much or too little compression rate of the final drawing will affect the diameter of the wire. To ensure the stability of the wire diameter, the compression rate of 17% to 19% is most suitable, preferably 17%. In order to ensure the stability of the wire quality during the drawing process, the intermediate pass compression rate of 15% is selected, which can ensure the stability of the welding wire after multiple passes of drawing. Through the distribution of the above compression ratio, not only the production efficiency is improved, but also the quality of the obtained aluminum alloy welding wire is the most stable.

[0014] Furthermore, the scraping includes rough scraping and fine scraping; wherein, the rough scraping is performed using three rough scrapers, wherein the three rough scrapers are distributed along the axial direction of the welding wire and surround the welding wire, and the projections of the blades of the three rough scrapers on the surface perpendicular to the axial direction of the welding wire are circular; the fine scraping is performed using a fine scraper, and the projections of the blades of the fine scraper on the surface perpendicular to the axial direction of the welding wire are circular.

[0015] Through two scraping processes, rough scraping and fine scraping, the rough scraping is processed by three rough scrapers, and the fine scraping is processed by fine scrapers. In this way, after the welding wire passes through three rough scrapers, the outer peripheral surface of the welding wire is scraped for the first time, and after passing through the fine scraper, the outer peripheral surface of the welding wire can be scraped for the second time, so as to obtain a welding wire with a bright and clean surface. Since the scraping is thorough, there is no need for subsequent cleaning, drying, dripping oil and other processes, avoiding the discharge of sewage and the use of strong acids and alkalis, and the production process is green and environmentally friendly. In addition, since the scraping speed is much greater than the speed of steps such as cleaning and drying, the processing speed can be increased by more than 200%. In the preparation process, there is no need for the traditional one-time winding, and only the last winding is used, which avoids the surface of the welding wire from being damaged due to multiple windings, further ensuring that the inside of the welding wire is uniform and the quality of the obtained welding wire is good.

[0016] Furthermore, the scraping depths of the first scraper, the second scraper, and the third scraper are 0.01-0.02 mm, and the scraping depth of the fourth scraper is 0.005-0.01 mm. In this way, effective scraping of the wire is ensured to obtain welding wire of qualified size.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0018] 1. By combining the small drawing and scraping processes, and setting the small drawing to multi-pass drawing, and by reasonably allocating the compression ratio of each drawing pass, the highest total compression rate is controlled to be 80%, which improves the production efficiency of aluminum alloy welding wire and ensures the stability of the quality of aluminum alloy welding wire. The obtained welding wire has uniform performance and bright surface.

[0019] 2. The welding wire is scraped twice, roughly and finely, and the surface is bright and clean. Since the scraping is thorough, there is no need for subsequent cleaning, drying, oil dripping and other processes, which avoids the discharge of sewage and the use of strong acids and alkalis, and the production process is green and environmentally friendly. In addition, since the scraping speed is much faster than the speed of steps such as cleaning and drying, the processing speed can be increased by more than 200%. In the preparation process, there is no need for the traditional one-time winding, and only the last winding is used, which avoids damage to the surface of the welding wire due to multiple windings, further ensuring that the inside of the welding wire is uniform and the obtained welding wire is of good quality. The preparation method provided by the present invention greatly improves production efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 The present invention is a flow chart of the preparation of an aluminum alloy welding wire.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a scraping schematic diagram of a method for preparing an aluminum alloy welding wire of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the rough scraper in the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the fine scraper in the present invention.

[0024] In the figure, welding wire 1, coarse scraper 2, fine scraper 3, knife holder 4, and blade 5. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0026] See also Figure 1 A method for preparing aluminum and aluminum alloy welding wire includes smelting, casting, rolling, heat treatment, large drawing, medium drawing, small drawing, scraping and wire winding of aluminum alloy. The small drawing includes first drawing, intermediate drawing and final drawing, and the total compression rate of the small drawing is controlled within 80%. Specifically, it includes the following steps:

[0027] 1) The first drawing has a compression rate of 13% to 15%.

[0028] 2) Repeat the intermediate drawing process for several times, with the compression rate of each drawing process being 15% to 17%; measure the drawing rate after each drawing process until the design requirements are met. The design requirements are the product requirements that can be met after one more drawing process (setting drawing process).

[0029] 3) Shaping and drawing, wherein the shaping and drawing is a one-time drawing, and the compression rate is 17% to 19%.

[0030] In specific implementation, the total compression rate of the small drawing is 60% to 80%, preferably 80%. Among them, the compression rate of the first drawing is 13%, the compression rate of each pass of the intermediate drawing is 15%, and the compression rate of the final drawing is 17%.

[0031] In specific implementation, the scraping includes rough scraping and fine scraping; wherein the rough scraping is processed by three rough scrapers 2, wherein the three rough scrapers 2 are distributed along the axial direction of the welding wire 1 (i.e. the moving direction of the welding wire) and surround the welding wire 1, and the projection of the blades of the three rough scrapers 2 on the surface perpendicular to the axial direction of the welding wire 1 is circular. The fine scraping is processed by a fine scraper 3, and the projection of the blade of the fine scraper 3 on the surface perpendicular to the axial direction of the welding wire is circular. In specific implementation, the three rough scrapers 2 and the fine scraper 3 have the same structure, and both include a knife seat 4 and a blade 5. The knife seat 4 has a through hole that penetrates along the axial direction of the welding wire 1, and the blade 5 is installed in the through hole. Among them, the blades 5 of the three rough scrapers 2 are an arc structure greater than or equal to 120°, so that the projection of the blades of the three rough scrapers 2 on the surface perpendicular to the axial direction of the welding wire 1 is circular. The blade 5 of the fine scraper 3 is an annular structure, and the projection of its blade on the surface perpendicular to the axial direction of the welding wire 1 is circular. In this way, after the welding wire passes through three rough scrapers, the outer peripheral surface of the welding wire is scraped for the first time, and after passing through the fine scraper, the outer peripheral surface of the welding wire can be scraped for the second time, so as to obtain a welding wire with a bright and clean surface. Since the scraping is thorough, there is no need for subsequent cleaning, drying, dripping oil and other processes, avoiding the discharge of sewage and the use of strong acids and alkalis, and the production process is green and environmentally friendly. In addition, since the scraping speed is much greater than the speed of steps such as cleaning and drying, the processing speed can be increased by more than 200%. In the preparation process, there is no need for the traditional one-time winding, and only the last winding is used, which avoids the surface of the welding wire from being damaged by multiple windings, further ensuring that the inside of the welding wire is uniform and the quality of the obtained welding wire is good. Preferably, the scraping depth of the first scraper, the second scraper, and the third scraper is 0.015mm, and the scraping depth of the fourth scraper is 0.01mm. In this way, effective scraping of the wire is ensured to obtain welding wire of qualified size.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] The above preparation method was used to prepare 5356 alloy welding wire with a diameter of 1.20 mm using the continuous casting and rolling aluminum alloy rod of our factory. The wire drawing method is six-die continuous drawing, and the wire drawing die is a polycrystalline die. The diameter of the wire drawing machine drum is 500 mm, the wire drawing machine outlet speed is 15 m / s, and the wire inlet diameter of the alloy welding wire is 2.63 mm. The data table of total compression rate and power consumption for producing and processing one ton of product (limited to small drawing, scraping and wire collection) is shown in Table 1.

[0034] Table 1

[0035]

[0036]

[0037] In the table, the calculation method of the total compression ratio A is: Among them, D0 is the incoming wire diameter, and D1 is the outgoing wire diameter. In the table, "intermittent, 0" means that the welding wire is broken during the preparation process, and the production cannot be continued, and intermediate annealing is required.

[0038] Example 2

[0039] The above preparation method was used to prepare 4043 alloy welding wire with a diameter of 1.20 mm using the continuous casting and rolling aluminum alloy rod of our factory. The wire drawing method was multi-die continuous drawing, and the wire drawing die was a polycrystalline die. The diameter of the wire drawing machine drum was 500 mm, the wire drawing machine outlet speed was 15 m / s, and the wire inlet diameter of the alloy welding wire was 2.63 mm. The data table of total compression rate and power consumption for producing and processing one ton of product (limited to small drawing, scraping and wire collection) is shown in Table 2.

[0040] Table 2

[0041] Total compression ratio (%) 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 Electricity consumption / kWh 567 538 498 454 421 385 345 306 269 Intermittent 0

[0042] In the table, the calculation method of the total compression ratio A is: Among them, D0 is the incoming wire diameter, and D1 is the outgoing wire diameter. In the table, "intermittent, 0" means that the welding wire is broken during the preparation process, and the production cannot be continued, and intermediate annealing is required.

[0043] It can be seen from Tables 1 and 2 that as the total compression rate increases, the output of 5356 alloy welding wire and 4043 alloy welding wire gradually increases. When the total compression rate is 80%, the production efficiency is the highest and the power consumption is the lowest. After the total compression rate exceeds 80%, the aluminum alloy welding wire breaks and cannot be produced continuously, and intermediate annealing needs to be added. Therefore, in order to ensure that production can proceed normally and no additional annealing steps are introduced, the total compression rate of the aluminum alloy welding wire is determined to be less than or equal to 80%. At this time, the power consumption is the lowest and the production efficiency is the highest.

[0044] Example 3

[0045] When the total compression rate is controlled to be 80%, the 5356 aluminum alloy wire is subjected to six-die continuous drawing, and the wire drawing die is a polycrystalline die. The wire drawing machine has a wire feed diameter of 2.63 mm, a wire take-up speed of 20 m / s, and a wire drawing machine drum diameter of 450 mm. The effect of each pass compression rate on the diameter is shown in Table 3.

[0046] Table 3

[0047] Compression rate (%) 11 13 15 17 19 Diameter change +0.04 +0.03 +0.02 ±0.01 -0.02

[0048] Table 3 shows the deviation of the diameter of the aluminum alloy wire due to each compression rate, that is, the average data obtained by measuring and comparing the diameter of the drawn alloy welding wire and the die aperture. From Table 3, it can be seen that the diameter variation law of the alloy welding wire under each compression rate. When the pass compression rate is 11% and 19%, the diameter deviation of the alloy welding wire is large. In order to improve the service life of the mold and lubricating oil, the pass compression rate of 11% and 19% is not selected, but the pass compression rate with a smaller diameter deviation should be selected. The first compression rate is 13% and it is most suitable. Too much or too little compression rate of the final drawing will affect the diameter of the wire. In order to ensure the stability of the wire diameter, 17% is the most suitable. In order to ensure the stability of the wire quality during the drawing process, the intermediate pass compression rate of 15% is selected. In this way, the production efficiency of the aluminum alloy welding wire can be improved and the quality of the aluminum alloy welding wire can be ensured to be stable, and the obtained welding wire has uniform performance and bright surface.

[0049] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit the technical solution. Those skilled in the art should understand that those modifications or equivalent substitutions of the technical solution of the present invention that do not depart from the purpose and scope of the technical solution should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing aluminum and aluminum alloy welding wire, comprising smelting, casting, rolling, heat treatment, large drawing, medium drawing, small drawing, scraping and wire winding of aluminum alloy; characterized in that: The small drawing includes the first drawing, the intermediate drawing and the shaping drawing, and the total compression rate of the small drawing is 60% to 80%; specifically, it includes the following steps: 1) The first drawing, wherein the compression rate of the first drawing is 13% to 15%; 2) Perform multiple intermediate drawing, with the compression rate of each drawing being 15%~17%; measure the drawing rate after each drawing until the design requirements are met; 3) Forming drawing, the forming drawing is a one-time drawing, and the compression rate is 17%~19%; The scraping includes rough scraping and fine scraping; wherein, the rough scraping is processed by three rough scrapers, wherein the three rough scrapers are distributed along the axial direction of the welding wire and surround the welding wire, and the projections of the blades of the three rough scrapers on the surface perpendicular to the axial direction of the welding wire are circular; the fine scraping is processed by a fine scraper, and the projections of the blades of the fine scraper on the surface perpendicular to the axial direction of the welding wire are circular.

2. The method for preparing aluminum and aluminum alloy welding wire according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compression rate of the first drawing is 13%, the compression rate of each pass of the intermediate drawing is 15%, and the compression rate of the final drawing is 17%.

3. The method for preparing aluminum and aluminum alloy welding wire according to claim 1, characterized in that: The scraping depth of the coarse scraper is 0.01-0.02 mm, and the scraping depth of the fine scraper is 0.005-0.01 mm.

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