An anchoring device and construction method for a recyclable bolt

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering, and discloses an anchoring device for a recyclable anchor rod, which includes an anchor head and an anchor rod that can be detachably connected together. A support mechanism is provided on the anchor rod, and the support mechanism is used to support the slope to be supported through telescopic support, so as to strengthen the supporting effect of the anchor rod. The anchoring device of the present invention is simple to operate, has strong practicability and low cost, is suitable for popularization, and has significant application value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering, and particularly relates to an anchoring device and a construction method for a recoverable bolt. Background Art

[0002] Slope support is a support, reinforcement and protection measure taken to ensure the stability of the slope (or tunnel) structure. As one of the common support forms for slope support, the structural form of the bolt has an extremely important impact on the stability of the slope. Since the bolt support form has advantages such as low cost, good support effect, simple operation, flexible use, and less occupation of construction clearance compared with other support structure types, it is the most widely used in the field of civil engineering support structures. However, with the development of China's social economy, higher requirements are put forward for infrastructure construction - green, economic and safe. For traditional bolt support, although it has many advantages, there are also some defects:

[0003] (1) Non-recoverable and non-reusable - The traditional bolt support structure belongs to a one-time support structure, that is, a permanent support structure, and cannot be recycled and reused, resulting in waste of resources.

[0004] (2) Unable to independently achieve the support effect - The traditional bolt support structure needs to carry out a grouting process in the drill hole where the bolt is placed to enable the bolt to play its support role, and the support method is single.

[0005] (3) Insufficient safety reserve - Once there is a problem with the traditional bolt support structure, it cannot continue to bear the load, or when the external or internal load changes greatly and breaks through the load that the initial bolt support can bear, the bolt support will not be able to achieve the purpose of support safety. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention provides an anchoring device and a construction method for a recoverable bolt, which solve the problems of non-recoverability, low safety reserve and single use mode existing in the existing traditional bolts.

[0007] The present invention can be realized by the following technical solutions:

[0008] An anchoring device for a recoverable bolt, comprising an anchor head and a bolt that can be detachably connected together, wherein a support mechanism is arranged on the bolt, and the support mechanism is used to support the slope to be supported through expansion and contraction to strengthen the support effect of the bolt.

[0009] Furthermore, the support mechanism includes a plurality of chutes uniformly spaced along the surface of the anchor rod. Each chute extends along the axial direction of the anchor rod, and a telescopic chain is arranged inside each of them. One end of each telescopic chain is connected to one end of the chute, and the other end is connected to the pushing mechanism. The pushing mechanism is used to control all the telescopic chains to simultaneously leave the chutes to contract and support or return to the chutes to stretch and reset.

[0010] Furthermore, the pushing mechanism includes a sleeve sleeved on the tail end of the anchor rod. One end of the sleeve is connected to the other end of each telescopic chain, and the other end is in contact with the nut. A screw rod is also arranged at the tail end of the anchor rod. The screw rod passes through the sleeve and cooperates with the nut.

[0011] Rotate the nut in the positive direction to push the sleeve to move along the anchor rod towards the anchor head, driving the connected telescopic chains to leave the chutes to contract and support.

[0012] Rotate the nut in the reverse direction, and pull the sleeve to move along the anchor rod away from the anchor head with the help of external force, driving the connected telescopic chains to return to the chutes to stretch and reset.

[0013] Furthermore, the telescopic chain includes a plurality of rods connected by rotation. The adjacent two rods are rotationally connected at their mutually connected ends through a first rotating shaft, and their non-mutually connected ends are rotationally connected to the third rod through a second rotating shaft and a rotating wheel. The second rotating shaft sequentially passes through one end of the third rod, the rotating wheel, and the non-mutually connected ends of the adjacent two rods to rotatably connect them together.

[0014] Furthermore, the rod is integrally in a Z shape, with a ﹂-shaped step and a ﹁-shaped step provided at each of its two ends. The ﹂-shaped step of one of the two connected rods is rotationally connected to the ﹁-shaped step of the other rod.

[0015] Furthermore, the end of the anchor head is arc-shaped, and a plurality of conical tips are provided thereon, or the end of the anchor head is conical.

[0016] Furthermore, a plurality of deformed steel bars are arranged inside the anchor rod.

[0017] A construction method for an anchoring device of a recyclable anchor rod based on the above. When supporting a dense rock and soil geological slope, first drill an anchor hole at the position to be supported, place the anchoring device into the anchor hole, use a tool to rotate the nut in the positive direction to push the sleeve towards the anchor head, driving the connected telescopic chains to leave the chutes to contract and support to complete the support. Subsequently, use the tool to rotate the nut in the reverse direction, and pull the sleeve away from the anchor head with the help of external force, driving the connected telescopic chains to return to the chutes to stretch and reset, and then disassemble the anchor rod to complete the recovery of the anchor rod.

[0018] For the support of relatively dense rock and soil slopes, first drill anchor holes at the positions where support is needed, place the anchoring device into the anchor holes, use tools to rotate the nuts in the forward direction, push the sleeve towards the direction close to the anchor head, drive the telescopic chain connected thereto to leave the chute and contract and support, then adopt the grouting process to grout into the anchor holes until the slurry covers the position of the anchor head to complete the support. Subsequently, use tools to rotate the nuts in the reverse direction, pull the sleeve towards the direction away from the anchor head with the help of external force, drive the telescopic chain connected thereto to return to the chute and expand and reset, and then disassemble the anchor rod to complete the recovery of the anchor rod.

[0019] For the support of loose rock and soil slopes, first drill anchor holes at the positions where support is needed, place the anchoring device into the anchor holes, use tools to rotate the nuts in the forward direction, push the sleeve towards the direction close to the anchor head, drive the telescopic chain connected thereto to leave the chute and contract and support, then adopt the grouting process to grout into the anchor holes until the slurry fills the entire anchor hole to complete the support.

[0020] The beneficial technical effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0021] (1) By rotating the nut at the tail of the anchor rod, the sleeve on the anchor rod is pushed to slide towards the anchor head direction, and then the telescopic chain is pushed to support, acting on the slope (or tunnel) to be supported. At the same time, for different geological rock and soil, it can be selectively determined whether to grout. In the case where the anchor rod is not grouted, if it is necessary to recover the anchor rod, the anchor rod can also be recovered through the nut at the tail of the anchor rod and some pulling auxiliary tools at the construction site.

[0022] (2) By using the threaded connection between the anchor head and the anchor rod, in the case where only the anchor head part is filled with concrete slurry, the anchor rod can be rotated to separate the anchor rod from the anchor head, so as to complete the recovery of the anchor rod part, which is relatively economical and green, and this advantage is particularly prominent for temporary support projects.

[0023] (3) By using the threaded steel bars arranged inside the anchor rod, in the case where the anchor rod cannot resist the external sudden load, the high strength of the threaded steel bars can be used to continue to realize the support function of the anchor rod. At the same time, the support effect of using this kind of anchor rod in some poor rock and soil will be more obvious. Since the anchor head and the anchor rod can also make the anchor rod, the anchor head and the threaded steel bars work together through grouting, compared with the case without grouting, its safety reserve will be further improved.

[0024] (4) Through the telescopic chain on the anchor head and the anchor rod, the rock and soil around the anchor rod can be made more dense, and at the same time, the slurry can be fully grouted into the rock and soil through grouting, so that the support effect of the anchor rod is greatly improved.

[0025] The fixing device of the present invention is simple to operate, has strong practicability and low cost, is suitable for popularization, and has significant application value. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0026] Figure 1 is an exploded view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 is a schematic view of the mating structure of two adjacent struts of the present invention;

[0029] Wherein, 1 - anchor head, 2 - anchor rod, 21 - chute, 22 - screw rod, 3 - telescopic support chain, 31 - strut, 311 - ﹂-shaped step, 312 - ﹁-shaped step, 32 - rotating wheel, 4 - sleeve, 5 - nut. Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments

[0030] The following will describe in detail the specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0031] As Figure 1 and 2 shown, the present invention provides an anchoring device for a retrievable anchor rod, including an anchor head 1 and an anchor rod 2 that can be detachably connected together. A support mechanism is provided on the anchor rod 2, and this support mechanism is used to support the slope to be supported through telescoping to strengthen the support effect of the anchor rod. In this way, by means of the detachable anchor head 1 and anchor rod 2, after the anchor head 1 is fixed, the anchor rod 2 can be retrieved, improving the utilization rate, saving costs, being relatively economical and environmentally friendly, which is particularly prominent for temporary support projects. At the same time, the support mechanism can strengthen the support effect of the anchor rod on the slope to be supported, with a large safety reserve.

[0032] The support mechanism includes a plurality of chutes 21 evenly spaced along the surface of the anchor rod 2. Each chute 21 extends along the axial direction of the anchor rod 2, and a telescopic support chain 3 is provided inside each of them. One end of each telescopic support chain 3 is connected to one end of the chute 21, which can be welded, and the other end is connected to a pushing mechanism. This pushing mechanism is used to control all the telescopic support chains 3 to simultaneously leave the chute 21 to contract and prop up or return to the chute 21 to expand and reset. In this way, with the cooperation of the telescopic support chain 3, the chute 21 and the pushing mechanism, the telescopic support chain 3 contracts and props up, increasing the support force of the anchor rod 2 on the slope to be supported and strengthening its support effect.

[0033] The pushing mechanism includes a sleeve 4 set at the tail end of the anchor rod 2, one end of the sleeve 4 is connected to the other end of each telescopic branch chain 3, which can be welded, and the other end is in contact with the nut 5. A screw 22 is also provided at the tail end of the anchor rod 2, and the screw 22 passes through the sleeve 4 and cooperates with the nut 5. In this way, the nut 5 is rotated forward to push the sleeve 4 to move along the anchor rod 2 toward the anchor head 1, driving the telescopic branch chain 3 connected thereto to leave the chute 21 and shrink and prop up; the nut 5 is rotated backward to pull the sleeve 4 along the anchor rod 2 away from the anchor head 1 with the help of external force, driving the telescopic branch chain 3 connected thereto to return to the chute 21 to stretch and reset. The whole structure is very simple, easy to implement, and convenient to operate.

[0034] The telescopic branch chain 3 can be implemented in various forms, and can adopt such a structure as Figure 3 As shown, it specifically includes a plurality of rotatably connected support rods 31, the mutually connected ends of two adjacent support rods 31 are rotatably connected via a first rotating shaft, and the non-mutually connected ends thereof are both rotatably connected to a third support rod via a second rotating shaft and a rotating wheel 32, and the second rotating shaft sequentially passes through one end of the third support rod 31, the rotating wheel 32, and the non-mutually connected ends of two adjacent support rods 31, rotatably connecting them together. In this way, the friction between the telescopic support chain 3 and the slide groove 21 can be reduced by means of the rotating wheel 32, thereby reducing the force applied to the pushing mechanism, and facilitating subsequent construction.

[0035] In order to limit the supporting angle of the telescopic branch chain 3, the support rod 31 of the telescopic branch chain 3 is Z-shaped as a whole, and a ﹂-shaped step 311 and a ﹁-shaped step 312 are respectively arranged at its two ends. The ﹂-shaped step 311 of one of the two connected support rods is rotatably connected with the ﹁-shaped step 312 of the other support rod 31. In this way, when the telescopic branch chain 3 is contracted until the corresponding steps of the two adjacent support rods 31 thereon contact, the telescopic branch chain 3 can no longer be compressed, and the two adjacent support rods 31 are stuck on the corresponding steps to achieve locking. At the same time, it can also resist the reaction force from the slope to be supported and strengthen the supporting force of the telescopic branch chain 3.

[0036] The end of the anchor head 1 is in an arc shape, and a plurality of conical tips are arranged thereon, or the end of the anchor head 1 is in a conical shape, which will result in many gaps in the rock and soil around the anchor head 1, allowing for more adequate grouting and improving the anchor support capacity.

[0037] The interior of the anchor rod 2 is provided with a plurality of threaded steel bars, and the threaded steel bars and the housing of the anchor rod 2 form an integral structure. The threaded steel bars and the housing are mainly welded into an integral structure by means of welding or the like. The main function of the threaded steel bars is to serve as a safety structure reserve. In this way, in the case of problems with the housing of the anchor rod 2, the internal threaded steel bars can continue to carry out the support work; in addition, the threaded steel bar in the center can be set longer, such as about 0.5 meters longer than the housing, to act as the screw rod at the end of the anchor rod 2, which is convenient for cooperating with the nut.

[0038] The present invention also provides a construction method for an anchoring device of a retrievable anchor rod as described above. Different construction methods are adopted for three different types of geological slope structures, which are specifically as follows:

[0039] When supporting a dense rock and soil geological slope, first drill an anchor hole at the position to be supported, place the anchoring device of the present invention into the anchor hole, and use a tool such as a wrench to rotate the nut 5 forward, pushing the sleeve 4 to move in the direction close to the anchor head 1, driving the telescopic chain 3 connected thereto to leave the chute 21 and contract and support, completing the support. After the nut 5 is fixed, the telescopic chain 3 will be restricted and cannot move in the chute 21 anymore. The supporting structure makes the anchor rod 2 tightly press against the rock and soil to increase the density of the rock and soil, and at the same time increases the friction between the anchor rod 2 and the rock and soil, improving the supporting effect.

[0040] Subsequently, in the case where the slope does not require a supporting effect, the tool can be used to rotate the nut 5 in the reverse direction to remove the constraint of the sleeve 4, and with the help of an external force such as using pliers to pull the sleeve 4 in the direction away from the anchor head 1, driving the telescopic chain 3 connected thereto to return to the chute 21 and stretch and reset, and then disassembling the anchor rod 2. If the anchor rod 2 and the anchor head 1 are threadedly connected, the rotation method can be used for disassembly to complete the recovery of the anchor rod 2 and improve the utilization rate of the anchor rod 2.

[0041] When supporting a relatively dense rock and soil geological slope, the previous implementation steps are the same as those for supporting a dense rock and soil geological slope, that is, first drill an anchor hole at the position to be supported, place the anchoring device of the present invention into the anchor hole, and use a tool such as a wrench to rotate the nut 5 forward, pushing the sleeve 4 to move in the direction close to the anchor head 1, driving the telescopic chain 3 connected thereto to leave the chute 21 and contract and support, completing the support.

[0042] However, due to the relatively poor soil stability of the relatively dense rock and soil geology, it is necessary to inject concrete slurry at the position of the anchor head 1 of the anchor rod device of the present invention. The grouting process is similar to that of traditional anchor rod grouting, and only the conical anchor head 1 part needs to be grouted. Due to the self-structural characteristics of the anchor head 1, there will be many gaps around the anchor head 1 (which does not affect its extrusion effect on the soil) that can be fully grouted, improving the anchor rod supporting ability.

[0043] Similarly, when the slope does not require support in the subsequent stage, the operation can be carried out through the recovery steps of the dense rock and soil slope support. Since the anchor head 1 is solidified with the concrete and cannot be recovered, only components such as the anchor rod 2, the telescopic chain 3, the sleeve 4, and the nut 5 can be recovered. At this time, the recovery is similar to regarding the anchor rod structure as a temporary support structure.

[0044] When supporting a loose rock and soil slope, the previous implementation steps are the same as those for supporting a dense rock and soil slope. However, due to the extremely poor soil quality of the loose rock and soil, the entire anchoring device needs to be grouted. The grouting method is the same as that for supporting a relatively dense rock and soil slope. When the slope does not require support, since the entire anchoring device has been grouted, no components can be recovered. At this time, the anchor rod structure is regarded as a permanent support structure.

[0045] Meanwhile, regardless of whether it is a dense, relatively dense or loose rock and soil, when the support capacity is insufficient or the anchor rod 2 is worn or in other adverse situations, the threaded steel bar inside the anchor rod 2 can still continue to bear the support role and continue to work, with a large enough safety reserve.

[0046] Although the specific implementation manners of the present invention have been described above, those skilled in the art should understand that these are only examples. Without departing from the principle and essence of the present invention, various changes or modifications can be made to these implementation manners. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An anchoring device for a recyclable bolt, characterized in that: It includes an anchor head and an anchor rod that can be detachably connected together. A support mechanism is provided on the anchor rod, and the support mechanism is used to support the slope to be supported by telescopic support to strengthen the support effect of the anchor rod. The support mechanism includes a plurality of chutes uniformly spaced along the surface of the anchor rod. Each chute extends along the axial direction of the anchor rod, and a telescopic support chain is arranged inside each chute. One end of each telescopic support chain is connected to one end of the chute, and the other end is connected to a driving mechanism. The driving mechanism is used to control all the telescopic support chains to simultaneously leave the chute to contract and support or return to the chute to expand and reset. The driving mechanism includes a sleeve sleeved on the tail end of the anchor rod. One end of the sleeve is connected to the other end of each telescopic support chain, and the other end is in contact with a nut. A screw rod is also provided at the tail end of the anchor rod, and the screw rod passes through the sleeve and cooperates with the nut. Rotate the nut forward to push the sleeve to move along the anchor rod towards the anchor head, driving the telescopic support chain connected to it to leave the chute to contract and support. Rotate the nut in the reverse direction, and pull the sleeve to move along the anchor rod away from the anchor head by means of an external force, driving the telescopic support chain connected to it to return to the chute to expand and reset. The telescopic support chain includes a plurality of rods rotatably connected. The adjacent two rods are rotatably connected at their mutually connected ends through a first rotating shaft. Their non-mutually connected ends are rotatably connected to a third rod through a second rotating shaft and a rotating wheel. The second rotating shaft sequentially passes through one end of the third rod, the rotating wheel and the non-mutually connected ends of the adjacent two rods to rotatably connect them together. The rod is integrally Z-shaped, and each end is provided with a ﹂-shaped step and a ﹁-shaped step. The ﹂-shaped step of one of the two adjacent rods is rotatably connected to the ﹁-shaped step of the other rod. The end of the anchor head is arc-shaped, and a plurality of conical tips are provided on it, or the end of the anchor head is conical.

2. The anchoring device of the recyclable bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of threaded steel bars are arranged inside the anchor rod.

3. A construction method of an anchoring device for a recyclable bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that: When supporting a dense rock and soil slope, first drill an anchor hole at the position to be supported, place the anchoring device into the anchor hole, use a tool to rotate the nut forward to push the sleeve to move towards the anchor head, driving the telescopic support chain connected to it to leave the chute to contract and support, and complete the support. Subsequently, use a tool to rotate the nut in the reverse direction, pull the sleeve to move away from the anchor head by means of an external force, driving the telescopic support chain connected to it to return to the chute to expand and reset, and then disassemble the anchor rod to complete the recovery of the anchor rod. When supporting a relatively dense rock and soil slope, first drill an anchor hole at the position to be supported, place the anchoring device into the anchor hole, use a tool to rotate the nut forward to push the sleeve to move towards the anchor head, driving the telescopic support chain connected to it to leave the chute to contract and support, and then adopt a grouting process to grout into the anchor hole until the slurry covers the position of the anchor head to complete the support. Subsequently, use a tool to rotate the nut in the reverse direction, pull the sleeve to move away from the anchor head by means of an external force, driving the telescopic support chain connected to it to return to the chute to expand and reset, and then disassemble the anchor rod to complete the recovery of the anchor rod. When supporting loose rock geological slopes, first drill anchor holes at the locations that require support, place the anchoring device into the anchor holes, use a tool to rotate the nut in the forward direction to push the casing toward the anchor head, drive the telescopic branch chain connected to it to leave the slide slot and shrink and support, then use the grouting process to inject grout into the anchor hole until the slurry fills the entire anchor hole to complete the support.

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