A positioning device for large specimens and its positioning method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a positioning device for large specimens and a positioning method thereof. The positioning device includes telescopic steel pipes, telescopic scales, notched steel bars, protruding steel bars, connecting pipes, laser instruments, graduated discs and controllable magnetic bases. One ends of two telescopic steel pipes are respectively connected to two controllable magnetic bases, and the other ends are respectively connected to two connecting pipes. The other end of one connecting pipe is connected to a notched steel bar, and the other end of the other connecting pipe is connected to a protruding steel bar. The notched steel bar and the protruding steel bar are connected at the concave and convex parts, and the laser instrument and the graduated disc are fixed at the connection of the notched steel bar and the protruding steel bar. Telescopic scales are provided on the two telescopic steel pipes and / or the two connecting pipes. The positioning device for large specimens of the present invention has a simple structure and is convenient to disassemble. It can not only complete the fixed-point positioning of large components in the test, but also be applied to the centering of components in engineering practice.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical fields of construction engineering construction and testing, and particularly relates to a positioning device for large specimens and a positioning method therefor. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous innovative development of building structures, to meet the high-performance functional requirements of different buildings, a large number of new composite components have emerged. These new composite component specimens usually have characteristics such as more component materials, larger volume, and higher experimental costs. For example, currently, a composite structural component of fiber-reinforced composite material (FRP) and seawater sea-sand concrete is proposed based on encouraging the development and utilization of marine resources and promoting the development of new materials, and has good engineering application prospects.

[0003] Before large-scale promotion of the practical engineering application of new composite components, laboratory research on full-scale new composite components of this type is essential. Currently, a large number of laboratory studies on full-scale components have been carried out successively. Accurately positioning and setting the specimens before loading on a testing machine is the primary task and an important aspect affecting subsequent load application and the accuracy of experimental results. However, most of the current positioning instruments in the market are for centering and positioning the tensile and compressive experiments of small specimens, and there is basically no convenient and efficient specimen positioning device on large testing machines in laboratories. In particular, there is a lack of positioning operation instruments for such large specimens with irregular surfaces, and it cannot be applied to the loading of various different types of specimens, causing quite a lot of difficulties in the positioning work of large specimens. In the experiment, most test personnel directly carry out the movement and centering positioning work of the specimens between the upper and lower working bearing platforms, which is not only inconvenient to operate but also has a certain degree of danger.

[0004] At the same time, in addition to column members with circular and rectangular cross-sections, in practice, it is not excluded that there are various members with polygonal cross-sections (such as regular hexagons, etc.). Therefore, how to quickly, conveniently, safely and effectively carry out the centering and positioning work of specimens has become an important issue in experiments and engineering. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects and deficiencies of the prior art, and provide a positioning device for large specimens, which has a simple structure and is convenient to disassemble. It can not only complete the positioning of large components in the experiment, but also be applied to the positioning of components in actual engineering.

[0006] Another purpose of the present invention is to provide a positioning method for large specimens.

[0007] The object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions: A large specimen positioning device, comprising telescopic steel pipes, telescopic scales, notched steel bars, protruding steel bars, connecting pipes, laser instruments, scale discs, and controllable magnetic bases; one ends of two telescopic steel pipes are respectively connected to two controllable magnetic bases, and the other ends are respectively connected to two connecting pipes; the other end of one connecting pipe is connected to a notched steel bar, and the other end of the other connecting pipe is connected to a protruding steel bar; the notched steel bar and the protruding steel bar are connected at the concave and convex parts, and the laser instrument and the scale disc are fixed at the connection part of the notched steel bar and the protruding steel bar; telescopic scales are provided on the two telescopic steel pipes and / or the two connecting pipes.

[0008] Further, one end of the telescopic steel pipe is provided with a bolt, and the other end is provided with a bolt hole, and the bolt end of the telescopic steel pipe is matched with the bolt hole on the controllable magnetic base.

[0009] Further, one end of the connecting pipe is provided with a bolt, and the other end is provided with a bolt hole, and the bolt end of the connecting pipe is matched with the bolt hole of the telescopic steel pipe.

[0010] Further, one end of the notched steel bar is provided with a bolt, and one end of the protruding steel bar is provided with a bolt. The bolt end of the notched steel bar is matched with the bolt hole of one of the connecting pipes, and the bolt end of the protruding steel bar is matched with the bolt hole of the other connecting pipe.

[0011] Further, the scale disc, the notched steel bar, and the protruding steel bar are fixed by top bolts and top nuts, and the laser instrument is fixed on the top bolt.

[0012] Further, ruler hole slots and bolt holes are provided on the telescopic steel pipe, the telescopic scale is arranged in the ruler hole slots, and the adjusting bolt passes through the bolt hole and is connected to the telescopic scale.

[0013] Further, ruler hole slots and bolt holes are provided on the connecting pipe, the telescopic scale is arranged in the ruler hole slots, and the adjusting bolt passes through the bolt hole and is connected to the telescopic scale.

[0014] Further, the ends of the notched steel bar and the protruding steel bar are provided with transparent areas.

[0015] Further, the surfaces of the notched steel bar and the protruding steel bar are provided with scale dimensions and center lines.

[0016] Another object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions: A large specimen positioning method, comprising the following steps:

[0017] Adjust the lengths and angles of the notched steel bar, the protruding steel bar, and the telescopic steel pipe according to the specimen size, align the laser instrument with the center point on the universal testing machine where the specimen needs to be placed, and turn on the controllable magnetic base to adsorb and fix it on the lower bearing surface of the universal testing machine;

[0018] Push the lower platform away from the universal testing machine; loosen the adjusting bolt to extend the telescopic scale to the laser midpoint position;

[0019] Push the specimen to the lower platform, loosen the adjusting bolt, and adjust the position of the specimen so that the reading of the telescopic scale equals the length of the concave or convex steel bar minus the radius or side length of the specimen, and the end face of the telescopic scale touches the surface of the specimen;

[0020] Push the lower platform back into the universal testing machine to ensure that the measurement reading of the telescopic scale remains unchanged. After closing the controllable magnetic base, move the positioning device out of the lower platform.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. The positioning device of the present invention can not only complete the positioning of large components in experiments, but also can be applied to the positioning of components in engineering practice. The positioning device is not only compact in size, simple in structure, convenient in material, and low in cost, but also has the advantages of being detachable and easy to operate.

[0023] 2. The present invention adopts the principle of one angle and two fixed points to locate the specimen. Only two telescopic steel pipes are required. Under the action of the concave steel bar, the convex steel bar and the graduated disc, the specimen is placed at a certain angle according to its characteristics. It can be applied to specimens of various cross-sectional shapes. The telescopic steel pipe is a repeatable device. In the case of uncertain angles, three telescopic steel pipes can also be used to center the specimen, which enriches the content of centering and positioning of large specimens and their implementation methods that were previously lacking in laboratories.

[0024] 3. The positioning device of the present invention is connected to the test instrument via a controllable magnetic base, thereby realizing an integrated design with the test instrument. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a large specimen positioning device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Exploded diagram of

[0027] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the notched steel bar and the convex steel bar in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of using a positioning device to position and center a test piece in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Wherein: 1: laser instrument, 2: top nut, 3: top bolt, 4: notched steel bar, 5: protruding steel bar, 6: joint pipe, 7: adjusting bolt, 8: telescopic scale, 9: telescopic steel pipe, 10: controllable magnetic base, 11: graduated disc, 12: notched steel bar bolt, 13: protruding steel bar bolt, 14: joint pipe bolt hole, 15: joint pipe bolt, 16: telescopic joint of telescopic steel pipe, 17: telescopic steel pipe bolt hole, 18: telescopic steel pipe bolt, 19: controllable magnetic base bolt hole, 4-1: transparent area at the end of the notched steel bar, 5-1: transparent area at the end of the protruding steel bar. Detailed implementation mode

[0030] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and the accompanying drawings, but the implementation modes of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0031] As Figure 1 、 2 shown, a large specimen positioning device includes a telescopic steel pipe 9, a telescopic scale 8, a notched steel bar 4, a protruding steel bar 5, a joint pipe 6, a laser instrument 1, a graduated disc 11 and a controllable magnetic base 10. One end of two telescopic steel pipes is provided with a bolt 18, and the other end is provided with a bolt hole 17. A telescopic joint 16 of the telescopic steel pipe is arranged inside the steel pipe. The bolt ends of the two telescopic steel pipes are respectively connected to the bolt holes 19 on two controllable magnetic bases. One end of the joint pipe is provided with a bolt 15, and the other end is provided with a bolt hole 14. The bolt end of the joint pipe is matched with the bolt hole of the telescopic steel pipe. One end of the notched steel bar is provided with a bolt 12, and one end of the protruding steel bar is provided with a bolt 13. The bolt end of the notched steel bar is matched with the bolt hole 14 of one of the joint pipes, and the bolt end of the protruding steel bar is matched with the bolt hole 14 of the other joint pipe. The notched steel bar and the protruding steel bar are connected at the complementary interfaces. The laser instrument and the graduated disc are fixed at the connection of the notched steel bar and the protruding steel bar through the top bolt 2 and the top nut 3. Telescopic scales are provided on both of the two telescopic steel pipes and the two joint pipes. The telescopic steel pipe and the joint pipe are provided with ruler hole grooves and bolt holes. The telescopic scale is arranged in the ruler hole groove. The adjusting bolt 7 passes through the bolt hole and is connected to the telescopic scale. The elongation length of the telescopic scale is controlled by the adjusting bolt.

[0032] As Figure 3 shown, the end of the notched steel bar is made of a transparent material to form an end transparent area 4-1, and the end of the protruding steel bar is also made of a transparent material to form an end transparent area 5-1. Scale dimensions and center lines are provided on the surfaces of the notched steel bar and the protruding steel bar. The telescopic steel pipe, the adjusting bolt, the notched steel bar, the protruding steel bar, the top bolt, the top nut and the graduated disc are all made of steel.

[0033] As Figure 4 shown, the process of positioning and centering the specimen by the large specimen positioning device of the present invention is as follows:

[0034] (1) Preliminary centering: Install all components of the positioning device. Adjust the lengths and angles of the notched steel bars, protruded steel bars, and telescopic steel pipes according to the size of the test piece. Use a laser instrument to align with the center point on the universal testing machine where the test piece needs to be placed to determine the test piece loading center point on the bearing surface of the test piece. Then turn on the controllable magnetic base and adsorb and fix it on the lower bearing surface of the universal testing machine.

[0035] (2) Test piece centering and positioning: Push the lower bearing platform away from the universal testing machine and away from the upper bearing platform to perform the test piece centering work outside the testing machine. Loosen the adjusting bolts to extend the telescopic scale to a certain position and fix it, that is, each telescopic scale extends to the laser midpoint position. At this time, the length of the telescopic scale is equal to the extended length of the notched steel bar and the protruded steel bar, and ensure that there is a certain gap distance between the test piece and the end face of the telescopic scale after the test piece is placed. Loosen the adjusting bolts, push the test piece into the approximate middle position, and adjust the position of the test piece so that the reading of the telescopic scale is equal to the length value of the notched steel bar or the protruded steel bar minus the radius value of the test piece (for example, for a circular tube test piece, let the radius of the test piece be r, the initial reading of the telescopic scale be a, and the measured reading after the test piece is placed be b. The centering work ensures that a = b + r, and the measured readings of the telescopic scales of the two telescopic steel pipes and the two joint pipes are the same), and make the end face of the telescopic scale touch the surface of the test piece. According to the diameter or side length of the test piece, the measured reading of the telescopic scale, and the initial reading, perform corresponding movement adjustments on the test piece to complete the centering work of the upper bearing platform, the lower bearing platform, and the center of the test piece.

[0036] (3) Remove the positioning device: Push the lower bearing platform back to the universal testing machine, ensure that the measured reading of the telescopic scale remains unchanged. After turning off the controllable magnetic base, remove the positioning device from the lower bearing surface and disassemble the positioning device.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] The positioning device of the present invention can be used for positioning and centering large cylindrical components (height 600 mm, diameter 300 mm). As Figure 4As shown, place the positioning device on the lower bearing surface of the universal testing machine. Adjust the lengths of the telescopic steel pipe, the notched steel bar, and the convex steel bar according to the dimensions of the cylindrical component. In this embodiment, extend the telescopic steel pipe to 1000 mm, and extend the notched steel bar and the convex steel bar to 400 mm. Then, after adjusting the angle between the notched steel bar and the convex steel bar to 90°, fix them with the top nut and the top bolt, and install the laser instrument at the end of the top bolt. Place the installed device at the approximate center position of the lower bearing surface. Move the device so that the laser emitted by the laser instrument is aligned with the center point on the universal testing machine where the specimen needs to be placed, and then turn on the controllable magnetic base switch to adsorb it on the lower bearing surface. Push the lower bearing away from the universal testing machine and away from the upper bearing, and perform the specimen centering work outside the testing machine. Loosen the adjusting bolt to extend the telescopic scale to the laser midpoint position and fix it, ensuring that there is a certain gap distance between the specimen and the end face of the telescopic scale after the specimen is placed. Push the specimen to the approximate middle position of the lower bearing, loosen the adjusting bolt, and adjust the position of the specimen so that the end face of the telescopic scale touches the surface of the cylindrical component. According to the formula a = b + r described above (a = 400 mm, r = 150 mm), it can be known that moving the cylindrical component so that the reading of the telescopic scale is 250 mm can complete the centering and positioning work. After the centering is completed, push the lower bearing back to the universal testing machine, ensure that the measurement reading of the telescopic scale remains unchanged, turn off the controllable magnetic base, and then remove the positioning device from the lower bearing and disassemble the positioning device.

[0039] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation manners of the present invention. The description is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of the present invention patent. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A positioning method for large specimens, characterized in that, it includes the following steps: Adjust the lengths and angles of the notched steel bars, protruding steel bars and telescopic steel pipes according to the size of the specimen. Align the laser instrument with the center point on the universal testing machine where the specimen needs to be placed, and turn on the controllable magnetic base to adsorb and fix it on the lower bearing surface of the universal testing machine; Push the lower bearing platform away from the universal testing machine; loosen the adjusting bolt to extend the telescopic scale to the laser midpoint position; Push the specimen onto the lower bearing platform, loosen the adjusting bolt, and adjust the position of the specimen so that the reading of the telescopic scale is equal to the length value of the notched steel bar or protruding steel bar minus the radius value or side length value of the specimen, and make the end face of the telescopic scale touch the surface of the specimen; Push the lower bearing platform back to the universal testing machine, ensure that the measurement reading of the telescopic scale remains unchanged, turn off the controllable magnetic base, and then remove the positioning device from the lower bearing platform; The positioning device includes a telescopic steel pipe, a telescopic scale, a notched steel bar, a protruding steel bar, a joint pipe, a laser instrument, a scale disc and a controllable magnetic base; one end of two telescopic steel pipes is respectively connected to two controllable magnetic bases, and the other end is respectively connected to two joint pipes; one end of a joint pipe is connected to the notched steel bar, and the other end of the other joint pipe is connected to the protruding steel bar; the notched steel bar and the protruding steel bar are connected at the concave and convex parts, and the laser instrument and the scale disc are fixed at the connection of the notched steel bar and the protruding steel bar; telescopic scales are provided on the two telescopic steel pipes and / or the two joint pipes.

2. A positioning method for large specimens according to claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the telescopic steel pipe is provided with a bolt, and the other end is provided with a bolt hole. The bolt end of the telescopic steel pipe is matched with the bolt hole on the controllable magnetic base.

3. A positioning method for large specimens according to claim 2, characterized in that, One end of the joint pipe is provided with a bolt, and the other end is provided with a bolt hole. The bolt end of the joint pipe is matched with the bolt hole of the telescopic steel pipe.

4. A positioning method for large specimens according to claim 3, characterized in that, One end of the notched steel bar is provided with a bolt, and one end of the protruding steel bar is provided with a bolt. The bolt end of the notched steel bar is matched with the bolt hole of one of the joint pipes, and the bolt end of the protruding steel bar is matched with the bolt hole of the other joint pipe.

5. A positioning method for large specimens according to claim 1, characterized in that, The scale disc, the notched steel bar and the protruding steel bar are fixed by top bolts and top nuts, and the laser instrument is fixed on the top bolt.

6. A positioning method for large specimens according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are ruler hole slots and bolt holes on the telescopic steel pipe. The telescopic scale is arranged in the ruler hole slots, and the adjusting bolt passes through the bolt hole and is connected to the telescopic scale.

7. A positioning method for large specimens according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are ruler hole slots and bolt holes on the joint pipe. The telescopic scale is arranged in the ruler hole slots, and the adjusting bolt passes through the bolt hole and is connected to the telescopic scale.

8. A positioning method for large specimens according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ends of the notched steel bar and the protruding steel bar are provided with transparent areas.

9. A positioning method for large specimens according to claim 1 or 8, characterized in that, The surfaces of the notched steel bar and the protruded steel bar are provided with scale dimensions and center lines.

Images