Ground access type shield model test reaction frame device with continuous propulsion capability

Abstract

A ground access type shield model test reaction frame device with continuous propulsion capability, the equipment foundation is the ground or the concrete foundation integrated with the shield model box; the support bracket is fixedly connected with the equipment foundation; one end of the angle adjusting hydraulic cylinder is connected with the equipment foundation through the tail shaft of the angle adjusting hydraulic cylinder, and the other end is connected with the model shield tunnel machine track through the head shaft of the angle adjusting hydraulic cylinder; the model shield tunnel machine track is connected with the support bracket; the shield reaction plate slide rail is fixedly connected with the model shield tunnel machine track; the shield reaction plate is connected with the shield reaction plate slide rail through the clamping groove and is fixedly connected with the reaction plate hydraulic cylinder; the baffle is fixedly connected with the shield reaction plate; the reaction plate hydraulic cylinder fixed base is fixedly connected with the model shield tunnel machine track; the model shield tunnel machine is placed in the groove of the model shield tunnel machine track and closely abuts the groove. The angle adjusting range is large and the accuracy is high, and the compatibility of the shield tunnel machine is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of shield tunneling test technology and relates to a reaction frame device for ground-entry shield tunneling model testing with continuous propulsion capability, which is applicable to ground-entry shield tunneling model testing. Background Technology

[0002] Ground-entry shield tunneling is a novel shield tunneling method. Compared to traditional methods, it eliminates the need for launching and receiving shafts, avoiding traffic diversions and building relocations, mitigating significant engineering risks, and greatly improving the efficiency of subway shield tunneling in densely populated urban areas. As underground structures, the safety of shield tunnels during construction and operation is crucial for a city, requiring close attention from urban planners. Model testing, as a direct and reliable method, is widely used in feasibility studies for shield construction, guiding the design of shield parameters and construction organization. Currently available shield testing equipment is typically used for traditional underground launching and receiving shield model tests, lacking the ability to adjust the launching tilt angle, making it unsuitable for ground-entry shield launching model tests. Furthermore, existing shield model test reaction frame devices cannot actively provide thrust to the shield machine, and the applicable jack stroke (step length) is relatively limited, failing to meet the needs of simulating various propulsion step lengths. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies of existing shield tunneling machine (TBM) launch model test reaction frame devices and achieve accurate ground-entry TBM model tests, filling the gap in ground-entry TBM model test devices, this invention provides a ground-entry TBM model test reaction frame device with continuous propulsion capability. This invention can not only be applied to ground-entry TBM launch model tests at any launch angle with a large angle adjustment range and high accuracy, but also actively provide thrust to the TBM, greatly improving compatibility with model TBMs.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is:

[0005] A ground-entry shield tunneling model test reaction frame device with continuous propulsion capability, the device includes equipment foundation, fixing bolts, support bracket, shield machine track shaft, angle-adjusting hydraulic cylinder, angle-adjusting hydraulic cylinder tail shaft, angle-adjusting hydraulic cylinder head shaft, model shield machine track, shield reaction plate slide rail, shield reaction plate, baffle, reaction plate hydraulic cylinder, reaction plate hydraulic cylinder fixing base, model shield machine, shield model box and soil.

[0006] The equipment foundation is either ground or a concrete foundation integral with the shield model box; the support bracket is fixedly connected to the equipment foundation; one end of the angle-adjusting hydraulic cylinder is connected to the equipment foundation via a tail shaft, and the other end is connected to the model shield machine track via a head shaft, allowing it to rotate around the tail and head shafts; the model shield machine track is connected to the support bracket via a shield machine track shaft, and can rotate around the shield machine... The track shaft rotates on an axis; the shield reaction plate slide rail is fixedly connected to the model shield machine track; the shield reaction plate is connected to the shield reaction plate slide rail via a slot, and is fixedly connected to the reaction plate hydraulic cylinder, and can be pushed by the reaction plate hydraulic cylinder to slide along the shield reaction plate slide rail; the baffle is fixedly connected to the shield reaction plate; the reaction plate hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the reaction plate hydraulic cylinder fixing base; the reaction plate hydraulic cylinder fixing base is fixedly connected to the model shield machine track; the model shield machine is placed in the groove of the model shield machine track and is in close contact with the groove.

[0007] Furthermore, the device also includes an angle indicator, an angle pointer, and a scale line; the angle indicator is connected to the support bracket by an adhesive; the angle pointer is connected to the model shield machine track by an adhesive and passes through the angle indicator so that it can point normally to the scale line; the scale line is printed on the angle indicator.

[0008] Furthermore, the support bracket is connected to the equipment foundation by fixing bolts; the shield reaction plate slide rail is welded to the model shield machine track; the shield reaction plate is welded to the reaction plate hydraulic cylinder; the baffle is welded to the shield reaction plate; and the reaction plate hydraulic cylinder fixing base is welded to the model shield machine track.

[0009] The beneficial effects of this invention are mainly reflected in the following aspects: (1) The shield launching angle can be precisely adjusted. This device has an angle-adjusting hydraulic cylinder and related connecting parts. The connection method is a fixed hinge support, which realizes the stepless precise adjustment of the launching angle of the ground-entry shield. The adjustment is completed by the extension and retraction of the angle-adjusting hydraulic cylinder, and the shield launching angle is indicated in real time by the angle indicator. (2) Multifunctional reaction system. This device is equipped with an independently controllable reaction plate hydraulic cylinder at the tail of the reaction plate. Therefore, this device can not only freely adjust the position of the reaction plate to realize the cyclic construction of advancing-jack retraction-re-advancing in traditional shield construction, but also continuously provide thrust to the model shield machine, simplifying the working requirements of the model shield machine. (3) Simple and easy test deployment. This device adopts a fixed hinge support connection. The test process only requires controlling the reaction plate hydraulic cylinder and the angle-adjusting hydraulic cylinder, which are all hydraulically controlled and can be operated through a hydraulic servo system. The requirements for test site and equipment are small and the operation is simple. Attached Figure Description

[0010] Figure 1 This is a front view of the reaction frame device for a ground-entry shield tunneling model test with continuous propulsion capability.

[0011] Figure 2 This is a left view of the reaction frame device for a ground-entry shield tunneling model test with continuous propulsion capability.

[0012] Figure 3 This is a right view of the reaction frame device for a ground-entry shield tunneling model test with continuous propulsion capability.

[0013] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a horizontal starting point (0 degrees).

[0014] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of an inclined launch (ground access type).

[0015] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of hydraulic cylinder propulsion.

[0016] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the tunnel boring machine's propulsion.

[0017] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of an angle indicator.

[0018] Figure 9 This is the front view of the reaction system.

[0019] Figure 10 This is the left view of the reaction system.

[0020] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the implementation status. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] Reference Figures 1 to 11 A ground-entry shield model test reaction frame device with continuous propulsion capability includes an equipment foundation 1 (ground), fixing bolts 2, support brackets 3, shield machine track shaft 4, angle adjustment hydraulic cylinder 5, angle adjustment hydraulic cylinder tail shaft 6, angle adjustment hydraulic cylinder head shaft 7, model shield machine track 8, shield reaction plate slide rail 9, shield reaction plate 10, baffle 11, reaction plate hydraulic cylinder 12, reaction plate hydraulic cylinder fixing base 13, model shield machine 14, shield model box 18, and soil 19.

[0023] The equipment foundation 1 is either ground or a concrete foundation cast integrally with the shield model box 18; the support bracket 3 is fixedly connected to the equipment foundation 1; one end of the angle-adjusting hydraulic cylinder 5 is connected to the equipment foundation 1 via the tail shaft 6, and the other end is connected to the model shield machine track 8 via the head shaft 7, allowing it to rotate around the tail shaft 6 and the head shaft 7; the model shield machine track 8 is connected to the support bracket 3 via the shield machine track shaft 4, and can rotate around the shield machine track shaft 4. The shield reaction plate slide rail 9 is fixedly connected to the model shield machine track 8; the shield reaction plate 10 is connected to the shield reaction plate slide rail 9 through a slot, and is fixedly connected to the reaction plate hydraulic cylinder 12, and can be pushed by the reaction plate hydraulic cylinder 12 to slide along the shield reaction plate slide rail 9; the baffle 11 is fixedly connected to the shield reaction plate 10; the reaction plate hydraulic cylinder 12 is fixedly connected to the reaction plate hydraulic cylinder fixing base 13; the reaction plate hydraulic cylinder fixing base 13 is fixedly connected to the model shield machine track 8; the model shield machine 14 is placed in the groove of the model shield machine track 8 and is in close contact with the groove.

[0024] Furthermore, the device also includes an angle indicator 15, an angle pointer 16, and a scale line 17; the angle indicator 15 is connected to the support bracket 3 by adhesive; the angle pointer 16 is connected to the model shield machine track 8 by adhesive and passes through the angle indicator 15 so that it can point normally to the scale line 17; the scale line 17 is printed on the angle indicator 15.

[0025] Furthermore, the support bracket 3 is connected to the equipment foundation 1 by fixing bolts 2; the shield reaction plate slide rail 9 is welded to the model shield machine track 8; the shield reaction plate 10 is welded to the reaction plate hydraulic cylinder 12; the baffle is welded to the shield reaction plate; and the reaction plate hydraulic cylinder fixing base 13 is welded to the model shield machine track 8.

[0026] An example of a cyclical construction method involving advance—jack retraction—re-advance: A ground-entry shield tunneling project utilizes a φ6380mm GPST-specific earth pressure balance shield. It employs two shield advance steps (ring widths): 1m and 1.2m, arranged as shown in Table 1. Soil parameters obtained from the engineering survey are shown in Table 2. To achieve a balance between construction quality and economic benefits and to reveal the optimal shield launch angle, a series of ground-entry shield tunneling model launch tests were conducted. However, traditional shield model test reaction frames cannot meet the actual requirements of ground-entry shield tunneling model test launches. Therefore, using a ground-entry shield tunneling model test reaction frame device with continuous advance capability and its operating method can conveniently, quickly, and accurately meet the requirements of ground-entry shield tunneling model test launches.

[0027] Ring number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 total Ring width (m) 1 1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1 1.2 1 1 11

[0028] Table 1

[0029]

[0030] Table 2

[0031] The implementation scheme of the present invention is as follows:

[0032] (a) Based on the actual conditions and site conditions of the ground-entry shield tunneling launch project, the scale ratio was determined to be 1:20, and the test plan is shown in Table 4. A model shield machine 14 with a diameter of 320 mm and a length of 1200 mm was selected. To eliminate the influence of boundary effects, a shield model box 18 with a length a = 4000 mm, a width b = 2500 mm, a height of 1400 mm on the launch side (the starting end of the shield propulsion axis), and a height of 2200 mm on the end side (the ending end of the shield propulsion axis) was selected. The base plate of the shield model box 18 extends outward by 1500 mm in the length direction from the launch side as the equipment foundation 1 of this device. The height of the support bracket 3 is the same as the height of the launch side of the shield model box.

[0033] (b) Soil Laying. Based on the experimental design, the calculated height of the soil mass 18 on the starting side was 1300 mm, and on the ending side it was 1800 mm. This resulted in a slope on the starting side of the shield tunneling model box, with the toe of the slope close to the starting side and the crest close to the ending side. The shield tunneling axis passed through this slope. The soil mass was first laid according to the calculated height on the ending side. The soil layer distribution is shown in Table 3. Soil samples were taken from the construction site. As shown in the figure, while setting up the soil mass, earth pressure cells were installed on both sides of the expected tunneling axis, and displacement sensors were installed on the upper part of the soil mass to measure changes in internal stress and displacement during the experiment.

[0034] Serial Number Soil layer name Soil layer thickness (mm) Floor top elevation (mm) ① Miscellaneous fill 150 0 ② silty soil 600 150 ③ silty soil 750 750 ④ silt layer 300 1500

[0035] Table 3

[0036] (c) The slope of the soil on the starting side was adjusted according to the test plan, which is shown in Table 4. The soil on the starting side was excavated to the calculated height of the soil on the starting side, forming a slope with the toe close to the starting side and the top close to the ending side, with the slope consistent with the test plan.

[0037] Serial Number ① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦ ⑧ Slope angle (°) 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

[0038] Table 4

[0039] (d) In accordance with the requirements of the ground-entry shield model test, the support bracket 3 and the tail shaft 6 of the angle adjustment hydraulic cylinder are fixed to the equipment foundation (ground) 1 on one side of the shield model box with fixing bolts 2 to complete the connection between the equipment and the ground.

[0040] (e) Install the angle-adjusting hydraulic cylinder 5, which is connected to the equipment foundation (ground) 1 via the tail shaft 6 of the angle-adjusting hydraulic cylinder.

[0041] (f) Install the model shield machine track 8. The model shield machine track 8 is connected to the support bracket 3 through the shield machine track pivot 4 and to the angle adjustment hydraulic cylinder 5 through the tail pivot 6 of the angle adjustment hydraulic cylinder.

[0042] (g) Release the oil pressure in the hydraulic cylinder 12 of the reaction plate, at which time the shield reaction plate 10 retracts along the shield reaction plate slide rail 9.

[0043] (h) When the shield reaction plate 10 retracts to the tail of the shield reaction plate slide rail 9, the reaction plate hydraulic cylinder 12 is closed, and the shield reaction plate 10 stops moving.

[0044] (i) Install the model shield machine 14 on the model shield machine track 8 so that its tail is in close contact with the shield reaction plate 10.

[0045] (j) Install baffle 11 to keep the angle of the model shield machine 14 stable.

[0046] (k) Start the angle adjustment hydraulic cylinder 5, and the model shield machine track 8 begins to rotate around the shield machine track axis 4. At the same time, observe the angle indicator 15.

[0047] (l) When the angle indicator pointer 16 is about to point to the current test setting angle, reduce the oil pressure increment of the angle adjustment hydraulic cylinder 5 so that the model shield machine track 8 rotates slowly.

[0048] (m) When the angle indicator pointer 16 points to the angle set in the current test, immediately close the angle adjustment hydraulic cylinder 5 and the model shield machine track 8 stops rotating.

[0049] (n) Start the model shield machine 14. The cutterhead at the front end of the model shield machine 14 begins to cut the soil, and the jacks at the rear end begin to provide thrust.

[0050] (o) Based on the actual advance step length requirements of the tunnel boring machine (TBM) project and the scale of the model test, the test advance step length is shown in Table 5. When the model TBM 14 advances for one cycle (one working period) as specified in the test, the hydraulic cylinder 12 of the reaction plate is activated, and the jacks at the tail of the model TBM 14 are retracted at the same time, so that the shield reaction plate 10 is always in close contact with the jacks at the tail of the model TBM 14.

[0051] Ring number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 total Ring width (mm) 50 50 60 60 60 60 50 60 50 50 550

[0052] Table 5

[0053] (p) Once the jacks at the tail of the model tunnel boring machine 14 have fully retracted, immediately shut down the hydraulic cylinder 12 of the reaction plate.

[0054] (q) Restart the jacks at the tail of the model tunnel boring machine 14 to push the model tunnel boring machine 14 forward.

[0055] (r) Repeat steps (n)-(q) and the model tunnel boring machine enters the soil in 14 steps.

[0056] (s) When most of the model shield machine 14 has entered the soil, the soil has sufficient supporting force to maintain the angle of the model shield machine 14. Remove the baffle 11 and continue to repeat steps (n)-(q).

[0057] (t) When the hydraulic cylinder 12 of the reaction plate reaches its stroke, the shield reaction plate 10 has moved to the front end of the model shield machine track 8, and the model shield machine 14 has fully entered the soil. Then the model shield machine 14 is shut down.

[0058] (u) Record all data from the experiment, and one experimental cycle ends.

[0059] (v) According to the test plan, repeat steps (b)-(u) to complete all the tests described in Table 4, analyze and summarize the test data, summarize the schemes that meet the construction quality requirements in terms of stress and settlement, conduct economic evaluation of these schemes, and finally reveal the optimal shield launching angle to guide the design and construction of the tunnel.

[0060] An example of continuous, uninterrupted advancement: A ground-entry shield tunneling project utilizes a φ6380mm GPST-specific earth pressure balance shield, with continuous advancement as the advancement method. Soil parameters obtained from the engineering survey are shown in Table 2. To achieve a balance between construction quality and economic benefits and to reveal the optimal shield launch angle, a series of ground-entry shield tunneling model tests were conducted. Traditional shield model test reaction frames cannot meet the requirements for ground-entry shield tunneling model test launches. Therefore, using a ground-entry shield tunneling model test reaction frame device with continuous advancement capabilities and its operating method enables continuous, uninterrupted ground-entry shield tunneling model test launches.

[0061] The implementation scheme of the present invention is as follows:

[0062] (a) Based on the actual conditions and site conditions of the ground-entry shield tunneling launch project, the scale ratio was determined to be 1:20, and the test plan is shown in Table 4. A model shield machine 14 with a diameter of 320 mm and a length of 1200 mm was selected. To eliminate the influence of boundary effects, a shield model box 18 with a length a = 4000 mm, a width b = 2500 mm, a height of 1400 mm on the launch side (the starting end of the shield propulsion axis), and a height of 2200 mm on the end side (the ending end of the shield propulsion axis) was selected. The base plate of the shield model box 18 extends 1500 mm outward from the launch side in the length direction as the equipment foundation 1 of this device. The height of the support bracket 3 is the same as the height of the launch side of the shield model box.

[0063] (b) Soil Laying. Based on the experimental design, the calculated height of the soil mass 18 on the starting side was 1300 mm, and on the ending side it was 1800 mm. This resulted in a slope on the starting side of the shield tunneling model box, with the toe of the slope close to the starting side and the crest close to the ending side. The shield tunneling axis passed through this slope. The soil mass was first laid according to the calculated height on the ending side. The soil layer distribution is shown in Table 3. Soil samples were taken from the construction site. As shown in the figure, while setting up the soil mass, earth pressure cells were installed on both sides of the expected tunneling axis, and displacement sensors were installed on the upper part of the soil mass to measure changes in internal stress and displacement during the experiment.

[0064] (c) The slope of the soil on the starting side was adjusted according to the test plan, which is shown in Table 4. The soil on the starting side was excavated to the calculated height of the soil on the starting side, forming a slope with the toe close to the starting side and the top close to the ending side, with the slope consistent with the test plan.

[0065] (d) In accordance with the requirements of the ground-entry shield model test, the support bracket 3 and the tail shaft 6 of the angle adjustment hydraulic cylinder are fixed to the equipment foundation (ground) 1 on one side of the shield model box with fixing bolts 2 to complete the connection between the equipment and the ground.

[0066] (e) Install the angle-adjusting hydraulic cylinder 5, which is connected to the equipment foundation (ground) 1 via the tail shaft 6 of the angle-adjusting hydraulic cylinder.

[0067] (f) Install the model shield machine track 8. The model shield machine track 8 is connected to the support bracket 3 through the shield machine track pivot 4 and to the angle adjustment hydraulic cylinder 5 through the tail pivot 6 of the angle adjustment hydraulic cylinder.

[0068] (g) Release the oil pressure in the hydraulic cylinder 12 of the reaction plate, at which time the shield reaction plate 10 retracts along the shield reaction plate slide rail 9.

[0069] (h) When the shield reaction plate 10 retracts to the tail of the shield reaction plate slide rail 9, the reaction plate hydraulic cylinder 12 is closed, and the shield reaction plate 10 stops moving.

[0070] (i) Install the model shield machine 14 on the model shield machine track 8 so that its tail is in close contact with the shield reaction plate 10.

[0071] (j) Install baffle 11 to keep the angle of the model shield machine 14 stable.

[0072] (k) Start the angle adjustment hydraulic cylinder 5, and the model shield machine track 8 begins to rotate around the shield machine track axis 4. At the same time, observe the angle indicator 15.

[0073] (l) When the angle indicator pointer 16 is about to point to the current test setting angle, reduce the oil pressure increment of the angle adjustment hydraulic cylinder 5 so that the model shield machine track 8 rotates slowly.

[0074] (m) When the angle indicator pointer 16 points to the angle set in the current test, immediately close the angle adjustment hydraulic cylinder 5 and the model shield machine track 8 stops rotating.

[0075] (n) Start the model shield machine 14. The cutterhead at the front end of the model shield machine 14 begins to cut the soil. At the same time, the reaction plate hydraulic cylinder 12 is activated to provide continuous thrust to the model shield machine 14. The model shield machine 14 continues to enter the soil.

[0076] (o) When most of the model shield machine 14 has entered the soil, the soil has sufficient supporting force to maintain the angle of the model shield machine 14. Remove the baffle 11 and continue the shield advancement.

[0077] (p) When the hydraulic cylinder 12 of the reaction plate reaches its stroke, the shield reaction plate 10 has moved to the front end of the model shield machine track 8, and the model shield machine 14 has fully entered the soil. Then the model shield machine 14 is shut down.

[0078] (q) Record all data from the experiment, and one experimental cycle ends.

[0079] (r) According to the test plan, repeat steps (b)-(q) to complete all the tests described in Table 4, analyze and summarize the test data, summarize the schemes that meet the construction quality requirements in terms of stress and settlement, conduct economic evaluation of these schemes, and finally reveal the optimal shield launching angle to guide the design and construction of the tunnel.

[0080] The embodiments described in this specification are merely examples of implementations of the inventive concept and are for illustrative purposes only. The scope of protection of this invention should not be considered limited to the specific forms described in these embodiments; rather, it extends to equivalent technical means conceived by those skilled in the art based on the inventive concept.

Claims

1. A ground access type shield model test reaction frame device having continuous propulsion capability, characterized by, The device comprises a device base, a fixing bolt, a support bracket, a shield track pivot, an angle adjusting hydraulic cylinder, an angle adjusting hydraulic cylinder tail pivot, an angle adjusting hydraulic cylinder head pivot, a model shield track, a shield counterforce plate slide rail, a shield counterforce plate, a baffle, a counterforce plate hydraulic cylinder, a counterforce plate hydraulic cylinder fixing base, a model shield, a shield model box and a soil body; The device base is the ground or a concrete base integrated with the shield model box; the support bracket is fixedly connected with the device base; one end of the angle adjusting hydraulic cylinder is connected with the device base through the angle adjusting hydraulic cylinder tail pivot, and the other end of the angle adjusting hydraulic cylinder is connected with the model shield track through the angle adjusting hydraulic cylinder head pivot, so that the angle adjusting hydraulic cylinder can rotate about the angle adjusting hydraulic cylinder tail pivot and the angle adjusting hydraulic cylinder head pivot; the model shield track is connected with the support bracket through the shield track pivot and can rotate about the shield track pivot; the shield counterforce plate slide rail is fixedly connected with the model shield track; the shield counterforce plate is connected with the shield counterforce plate slide rail through a clamping groove, is fixedly connected with the counterforce plate hydraulic cylinder and can be pushed by the counterforce plate hydraulic cylinder to slide along the shield counterforce plate slide rail; the baffle is fixedly connected with the shield counterforce plate; the counterforce plate hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the counterforce plate hydraulic cylinder fixing base; the counterforce plate hydraulic cylinder fixing base is fixedly connected with the model shield track; the model shield is placed in a groove of the model shield track and closely contacts the groove; the support bracket is connected with the device base through the fixing bolt, and the shield counterforce plate slide rail is welded with the model shield track; the ground entry type shield starting angle is steplessly and accurately adjusted through the angle adjusting hydraulic cylinder; the position of the counterforce plate can be freely adjusted through the independently controllable counterforce plate hydraulic cylinder, the cycle construction of advancing-jack retracting-advancing again in traditional shield construction is realized, and the model shield is continuously provided with a thrust.

2. The ground access type shield model test reaction frame apparatus having continuous propulsion capability according to claim 1, wherein, The device further comprises an angle indicator, an angle indicating pointer and a scale line; the angle indicator is connected with the support bracket through an adhesive; the angle indicating pointer is connected with the model shield track through an adhesive and penetrates the angle indicator, so that the angle indicating pointer can normally point to the scale line; the scale line is printed on the angle indicator.

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