A permanent magnet rotary excitation device based on high temperature superconducting magnetic coupling transmission

Abstract

The present invention discloses a permanent magnet rotary excitation device based on high-temperature superconducting magnetic coupling transmission, wherein a low-temperature dewar is arranged on the bottom plate, a rotating shaft is arranged inside the low-temperature dewar, a circular rotor is arranged on the rotating shaft, and a plurality of rotor permanent magnets are arranged on the rotor; one end of the rotating shaft is fixed in the rotating structure, and the other end is fixed on the driven end of the magnetic coupling, and a magnetic coupling active end is arranged in the gap on the driven end of the magnetic coupling, and the wall of the low-temperature dewar passes between the active end of the magnetic coupling and the driven end of the magnetic coupling; the active end of the magnetic coupling is coaxially connected to the intermediate shaft, and the intermediate shaft is connected to the rotating motor through the coupling; a stator superconducting tape is placed under the rotor, and the stator superconducting tape is connected to the load superconducting coil. The present invention combines high-temperature superconducting magnetic couplings and magnetic suspension bearings to realize contactless transmission, avoids the high-power power supply required for superconducting magnet excitation, blocks contact heat conduction caused by current leads and rotating shafts, and has the advantages of low cost and high stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of contactless power supply, and in particular to a permanent magnet rotary excitation device based on high-temperature superconducting magnetic coupling transmission. Background Art

[0002] Since the discovery of superconductivity in the last century, superconducting magnets have great application prospects in the fields of high-speed transportation, electric power, national defense science and technology, medical treatment and major scientific projects, such as superconducting energy storage, superconducting magnetic levitation, magnetic resonance imaging, superconducting motors, etc. With the emergence of high-temperature superconducting materials, due to their higher transition temperature, critical magnetic field, high field performance and current carrying capacity, as well as the increasingly perfect preparation process, superconducting magnets with higher magnetic field strength and stability have become a research hotspot.

[0003] In order to generate a stable strong magnetic field, a large current needs to be injected into the superconducting magnet. The traditional method is to use a current lead that bridges between the low temperature and room temperature environments to directly power the superconducting magnet. However, this method has very high requirements for the power supply device, which increases the application cost. In addition, the current lead that bridges between the room temperature and low temperature environments forms a large leakage heat source. Studies have shown that its heat leakage can reach 0.1W / A, which increases the refrigeration cost of the low temperature system and seriously affects the operating stability of the superconducting magnet. At the same time, due to the flow of magnetic flux and creep of high-temperature superconducting materials during operation, the superconducting magnet has certain losses and cannot operate in a closed-loop constant current mode for a long time. Therefore, it cannot be directly applied to occasions that require a stable strong magnetic field.

[0004] The non-contact excitation method of high-temperature superconducting magnets is adopted. The power supply is not directly connected to the load magnet, which avoids the large current directly passing through the current lead from room temperature to the low-temperature environment, and reduces the heat leakage of the current lead. The advantage of the non-contact excitation method technology is that a large current is injected into the superconducting magnet with a small current, which simplifies the complex power supply system and reduces the power supply cost. It can perform contactless loss compensation for the superconducting magnet during operation to maintain a constant current mode. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a permanent magnet rotary excitation device based on high temperature superconducting magnetic coupling transmission, which reduces the heat leakage of the system and reduces the power supply cost.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] Provided is a permanent magnet rotary excitation device based on high-temperature superconducting magnetic coupling transmission, comprising a bottom plate, a low-temperature dewar is arranged on the bottom plate, a rotating shaft is arranged inside the low-temperature dewar, a circular rotor is arranged on the rotating shaft, and a plurality of rotor permanent magnets are evenly arranged on the circumference of the rotor; one end of the rotating shaft is fixed in a rotating structure, and the other end is fixed on a driven end of a magnetic coupling, a driving end of a magnetic coupling is arranged in a gap on the driven end of the magnetic coupling, the driving end of the magnetic coupling is coaxial with the driven end of the magnetic coupling, and a wall of the low-temperature dewar passes through a gap between the driving end of the magnetic coupling and the driven end of the magnetic coupling; the driving end of the magnetic coupling is coaxially connected to an intermediate shaft, the intermediate shaft is connected to a rotating motor through a coupling, and the rotating motor is mounted on the bottom plate through a motor base; a stator superconducting tape is placed below the rotor, and the stator superconducting tape is connected to a load superconducting coil.

[0008] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: based on Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction and the strong nonlinear electromagnetic characteristics of high-temperature superconducting materials, the present invention drives the rotor and permanent magnet to rotate through a motor, and the rotating magnetic field formed generates a DC voltage that changes linearly with the rotation frequency at both ends of the strip, excites the superconducting coil connected thereto, and uses a smaller level of magnetic field to induce high-power DC in the superconducting magnet. Not only does it eliminate the current lead across a large temperature difference, it also avoids complex high-power power supply equipment, and greatly reduces the operating cost.

[0009] The present invention is based on the magnetic flux pinning effect of high-temperature superconducting materials, uses high-temperature superconducting magnetic couplings to achieve cross-wall non-contact transmission, and uses high-temperature superconducting magnetic bearings to achieve non-contact self-stable rotation, completely isolating the low-temperature environment in which the superconducting magnet operates from the room temperature environment. Non-contact power supply and operating energy consumption compensation for high-temperature superconducting magnets avoids the high-power power supply required for superconducting magnet excitation, blocks contact heat conduction caused by current leads and rotating shafts, and has the advantages of low operating costs and high stability. The magnetic flux pinning force between high-temperature superconducting blocks and permanent magnets is much higher than the magnetic attraction between traditional permanent magnets, and has the advantages of self-stability and no need for active external control. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 It is a permanent magnet rotary excitation device based on high temperature superconducting magnetic coupling transmission. Figure 1 .

[0011] Figure 2 It is a permanent magnet rotary excitation device based on high temperature superconducting magnetic coupling transmission. Figure 2 .

[0012] Figure 3 It is a permanent magnet rotary excitation device based on high temperature superconducting magnetic coupling transmission. Figure 3 .

[0013] Figure 4 It is a permanent magnet rotary excitation device based on high temperature superconducting magnetic coupling transmission. Figure 4 .

[0014] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the first arrangement of permanent magnets on the active end of the magnetic coupling.

[0015] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the second arrangement of permanent magnets on the active end of the magnetic coupling.

[0016] Figure 7 This is the structural diagram of the magnetic bearing stator.

[0017] Figure 8 This is the structural diagram of the axial superconducting magnetic bearing stator.

[0018] Fig. 9 This is the structural diagram of the rotor.

[0019] Fig.10 This is a structural diagram of the connection between the stator superconducting tape and the load superconducting coil.

[0020] Among them, 1. rotating motor, 2. coupling, 3. intermediate shaft, 4. bearing seat, 5. bearing, 6-1. active end of magnetic coupling, 6-2. permanent magnet, 7-1. high-temperature superconducting block, 7-2. driven end of magnetic coupling, 8. rotating shaft, 9. rotor, 9-1. rotor permanent magnet, 10. low-temperature Dewar, 11. bottom plate, 12. stator superconducting tape, 13. motor base, 14. magnetic bearing stator, 14-1. bearing superconductor, 14-2. bearing permanent magnet, 15-1. axial superconducting magnetic bearing rotor, 15-2. axial superconducting magnetic bearing superconducting block, 16-1. axial superconducting magnetic bearing stator, 16-2. axial superconducting magnetic bearing permanent magnet, 17. ultra-low temperature bearing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are described below so that those skilled in the art can understand the present invention. However, it should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific implementation modes. For those of ordinary skill in the art, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and determined by the attached claims, these changes are obvious, and all inventions and creations utilizing the concept of the present invention are protected.

[0022] like Figure 1 , Fig. 9 and Fig.10As shown, the permanent magnet rotary excitation device based on high-temperature superconducting magnetic coupling transmission of the present scheme includes a base plate 11, a low-temperature dewar 10 is arranged on the base plate 11, a rotating shaft 8 is arranged inside the low-temperature dewar 10, a circular rotor 9 is arranged on the rotating shaft 8, and a plurality of rotor permanent magnets 9-1 are evenly arranged on the circumference of the rotor 9; one end of the rotating shaft 8 is fixed in the rotating structure, and the other end is fixed on the driven end 7-2 of the magnetic coupling, and the active end of the magnetic coupling is arranged in the gap on the driven end 7-2 of the magnetic coupling. 6-1, the active end 6-1 of the magnetic coupling is coaxial with the driven end 7-2 of the magnetic coupling, and the wall of the cryogenic dewar 10 passes between the active end 6-1 of the magnetic coupling and the driven end 7-2 of the magnetic coupling; the active end 6-1 of the magnetic coupling is coaxially connected with the intermediate shaft 3, the intermediate shaft 3 is connected with the rotating motor 1 through the coupling 2, and the rotating motor 1 is installed on the bottom plate 11 through the motor base 13; the stator superconducting tape 12 is placed under the rotor 9, and the stator superconducting tape 12 is connected with the load superconducting coil. The rotor 9 is fixed by the shoulder and the collar set on the rotating shaft 8.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, the rotating structure also includes a driven end 7-2 of the magnetic coupling and an active end 6-1 of the magnetic coupling. The rotating shaft 8 is fixed on the driven end 7-2 of the magnetic coupling. A coaxial active end 6-1 of the magnetic coupling is provided in the gap on the driven end 7-2 of the magnetic coupling. The wall of the low-temperature dewar 10 passes through between the driven end 7-2 of the magnetic coupling and the active end 6-1 of the magnetic coupling. The active end 6-1 of the magnetic coupling is connected to the intermediate shaft 3. The intermediate shaft 3 is installed on the bearing seat 4 through the bearing 5. The bearing seat 4 is fixed on the base plate 11.

[0024] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, a plurality of high-temperature superconducting blocks 7-1 are evenly arranged on the end surface of the driven end 7-2 of the magnetic coupling, and a plurality of permanent magnets 6-2 are evenly arranged on the circumference of the active end 6-1 of the magnetic coupling. The permanent magnets 6-2 are glued to the active end 6-1 of the magnetic coupling using low-temperature resistant epoxy resin. The plurality of permanent magnets 6-2 are arranged alternately with S poles and N poles, and the plurality of permanent magnets 6-2 can also be arranged in a Halbach array. The rotating shaft 8 is self-stabilized and suspended in the low-temperature Dewar 10 by the pinning force between the high-temperature superconducting blocks 7-1 and the permanent magnets 6-2.

[0025] The rotating motor 1, driven by the power supply, drives the superconducting magnetic coupling active end 6-1 to rotate through the coupling 2 and the intermediate shaft 3. The superconducting magnetic coupling active end 6-1 drives the magnetic coupling driven end 7-2, the rotating shaft 8 connected thereto and the rotor 9 installed on the rotating shaft 8 to rotate through the pinning force between the permanent magnet 6-2 and the high-temperature superconducting block 7-1. The rotating rotor permanent magnet 9-1 generates a rotating magnetic field on the surface of the high-temperature superconducting tape. The strong nonlinear conductive characteristics of the superconducting tape are used to generate an electromotive force at both ends thereof, thereby exciting the load superconducting magnet connected thereto.

[0026] like Figure 2 and Figure 7 As shown, the rotating structure of the present scheme can also be: including a magnetic bearing stator 14, the magnetic bearing stator 14 is installed on the inner wall of the low-temperature dewar 10, the end of the rotating shaft 8 is installed in the shaft hole opened on the magnetic bearing stator 14, a plurality of bearing permanent magnets 14-2 are evenly arranged on the circumference of the end of the rotating shaft 8, and a bearing superconductor 14-1 is arranged on the circumference of the inner wall of the shaft hole.

[0027] like Figure 3 As shown, the rotating structure of this scheme can also be: including a bearing seat 4, the end of the rotating shaft 8 is fixed on the bearing seat 4 through an ultra-low temperature bearing 17, and a bearing seat 4 is also provided between the rotor 9 and the driven end 7-2 of the magnetic coupling, and the bearing seat 4 is fixed in the low temperature Dewar 10. The rotating shaft 8 needs to be supported and fixed by the ultra-low temperature bearing 17 that can work in a liquid nitrogen environment, and the bearing seat 4 needs to be tightly connected to the bottom surface of the low temperature Dewar 10.

[0028] like Figure 4 and Figure 8 As shown, the rotating structure of the present scheme can also be: including a coaxial axial superconducting magnetic bearing stator 16-1 and an axial superconducting magnetic bearing rotor 15-1, a plurality of circles of coaxial axial superconducting magnetic bearing permanent magnets 16-2 are arranged on the circumference of the axial superconducting magnetic bearing stator 16-1, the magnetic poles between the plurality of axial superconducting magnetic bearing permanent magnets 16-2 are cross-arranged, and a plurality of circles of axial superconducting magnetic bearing superconducting blocks 15-2 are arranged on the circumference of the axial superconducting magnetic bearing rotor 15-1; the end of the rotating shaft 8 is fixed on the axial superconducting magnetic bearing rotor 15-1, and the axial superconducting magnetic bearing stator 16-1 is fixed on the outer wall of the low-temperature Dewar 10.

[0029] The present invention utilizes the magnetic flux pinning effect of high-temperature superconducting materials, the non-contact transmission characteristics of the high-magnetic coupling 2 and the high-temperature superconducting magnetic bearing 5, and completely isolates the low-temperature environment in which the superconducting magnet operates from the room temperature environment through the low-temperature dewar 10, thereby reducing the heat leakage of the system and the power supply cost, thereby realizing non-contact excitation and energy consumption compensation of the high-temperature superconducting magnet.

[0030] The present invention utilizes the strong nonlinear electromagnetic characteristics of high-temperature superconducting materials and Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction. The motor drives the rotor 9 to rotate, and the rotating permanent magnet 6-2 generates a rotating magnetic field on the surface of the superconducting tape to excite the superconducting magnet. A large current can be induced in the superconducting magnet with a small current, eliminating complex power supply equipment and reducing costs.

[0031] The superconducting magnetic coupling 2 can realize cross-wall contactless transmission and completely separate the room temperature environment from the low temperature environment, eliminating the current lead across the large temperature difference, greatly reducing the heat leakage of the system and reducing the cooling cost. The unique pinning force between the high-temperature superconducting block 7-1 and the permanent magnet 6-2 is used to achieve stable contactless transmission. The magnetic flux pinning force is more stable than the magnetic force between the traditional permanent magnets 6-2 and does not require active external control.

Claims

1. A permanent magnet rotary excitation device based on high temperature superconducting magnetic coupling transmission, characterized in that: It comprises a bottom plate, on which a low-temperature dewar is arranged, in which a rotating shaft is arranged, on which a circular rotor is arranged, and on the circumference of the rotor a plurality of rotor permanent magnets are evenly arranged; one end of the rotating shaft is fixed in a rotating structure, and the other end is fixed on a driven end of a magnetic coupling, a driving end of a magnetic coupling is arranged in a gap on the driven end of the magnetic coupling, the driving end of the magnetic coupling is coaxial with the driven end of the magnetic coupling, and a wall of the low-temperature dewar passes through a gap between the driving end of the magnetic coupling and the driven end of the magnetic coupling; the driving end of the magnetic coupling is coaxially connected with an intermediate shaft, the intermediate shaft is connected with a rotating motor through a coupling, and the rotating motor is mounted on the bottom plate through a motor base; a stator superconducting tape is placed below the rotor, and the stator superconducting tape is connected with a load superconducting coil.

2. The permanent magnet rotary excitation device based on high temperature superconducting magnetic coupling transmission according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The rotating structure also includes a driven end of the magnetic coupling and an active end of the magnetic coupling. The rotating shaft is fixed on the driven end of the magnetic coupling. A coaxial active end of the magnetic coupling is arranged in the gap of the driven end of the magnetic coupling. The wall of the low-temperature Dewar passes between the driven end of the magnetic coupling and the active end of the magnetic coupling. The active end of the magnetic coupling is connected to an intermediate shaft. The intermediate shaft is installed on a bearing seat through a bearing, and the bearing seat is fixed on a base plate.

3. The permanent magnet rotary excitation device based on high temperature superconducting magnetic coupling transmission according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A number of high-temperature superconducting blocks are evenly arranged on the circumference of the driven end of the magnetic coupling, and a number of permanent magnets are evenly arranged on the end surface of the active end of the magnetic coupling. The permanent magnets are arranged alternately with S poles and N poles or in a Halbach arrangement.

4. The permanent magnet rotary excitation device based on high temperature superconducting magnetic coupling transmission according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The rotating structure includes a magnetic bearing stator, which is installed on the inner wall of a low-temperature dewar. The end of the rotating shaft is installed in an axial hole opened on the magnetic bearing stator. A number of bearing permanent magnets are evenly arranged on the circumference of the end of the rotating shaft, and a bearing superconductor is arranged on the circumference of the inner wall of the axial hole.

5. The permanent magnet rotary excitation device based on high temperature superconducting magnetic coupling transmission according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The rotating structure comprises a bearing seat, the end of the rotating shaft is fixed on the bearing seat through a bearing, a bearing seat is also arranged between the rotor and the driven end of the magnetic coupling, and the bearing seat is fixed in a low-temperature Dewar.

6. The permanent magnet rotary excitation device based on high temperature superconducting magnetic coupling transmission according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The rotating structure includes a coaxial axial superconducting magnetic bearing stator and an axial superconducting magnetic bearing rotor. A plurality of circles of coaxial axial superconducting magnetic bearing permanent magnets are arranged on the circumference of the axial superconducting magnetic bearing stator. The magnetic poles between the plurality of axial superconducting magnetic bearing permanent magnets are arranged crosswise. A plurality of circles of axial superconducting magnetic bearing superconducting blocks are arranged on the circumference of the axial superconducting magnetic bearing rotor. The end of the rotating shaft is fixed on the axial superconducting magnetic bearing rotor, and the axial superconducting magnetic bearing stator is fixed on the outer wall of the low-temperature Dewar.

7. The permanent magnet rotary excitation device based on high temperature superconducting magnetic coupling transmission according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The rotor is fixed by a shaft shoulder and a shaft ring arranged on the rotating shaft.

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