High-frequency single-pair differential connector

Abstract

The present invention discloses a high-frequency single-pair differential connector, which comprises a connector body and a cable electrically connected to the connector body. The cable includes a plurality of wires. The connector body includes a shielding sleeve, the shielding sleeve has a hollow structure, and the hollow structure forms a receiving cavity. An isolating sheet is provided inside the shielding sleeve, and the isolating sheet divides the receiving cavity to form a plurality of isolated cavities, and each wire is placed in a corresponding isolated cavity. The high-frequency single-pair differential connector of the present invention can effectively shield external and internal electromagnetic interference, effectively improve the signal transmission stability of the high-frequency single-pair differential connector, and is suitable for meeting the characteristic impedance requirements of different types of connectors by adjusting the size of the shielding sleeve, effectively improving the applicability of the high-frequency single-pair differential connector.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vehicle-mounted connectors, and particularly to a high-frequency single-pair differential connector. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing requirements of people for the safety, environmental protection, comfort, intelligence, etc. of automobiles, the application of emerging technologies such as high-definition in-vehicle entertainment systems, vehicle networking systems, cloud services, and big data in vehicles has given rise to the in-vehicle Ethernet bus, which can achieve data transmission rates of 100 Mbit / s or even 20 Gbit / s, while meeting the requirements of the automotive industry in terms of low electromagnetic radiation, low power consumption, bandwidth allocation, low latency, and synchronous real-time performance. Among them, in order to ensure the stability of in-vehicle Ethernet data transmission, a vehicle-mounted Ethernet connector with a reasonable structure is essential.

[0003] However, existing vehicle-mounted Ethernet connectors are prone to being affected by external and / or internal electromagnetic interference, which seriously affects the signal transmission quality of the vehicle, poses a safety hazard, and the existing vehicle-mounted Ethernet connectors cannot match the characteristic impedance and cannot meet different usage requirements, severely restricting the development of vehicle-mounted Ethernet connectors.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a high-frequency single-pair differential connector to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a high-frequency single-pair differential connector, which can effectively shield external and internal electromagnetic interference, effectively improve the stability of signal transmission of the high-frequency single-pair differential connector, and is suitable for meeting the characteristic impedance requirements of different types of connectors by adjusting the size of the shielding sleeve, effectively improving the applicability of the high-frequency single-pair differential connector.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention discloses a high-frequency single-pair differential connector, which includes a connector body and a cable electrically connected to the connector body. The cable includes a plurality of wires. The connector body includes a shielding sleeve. The shielding sleeve has a hollow structure, and the hollow structure forms a receiving cavity. An isolation sheet is provided in the shielding sleeve. The isolation sheet divides the receiving cavity into a plurality of isolation cavities, and each wire is placed in a corresponding isolation cavity.

[0007] Compared with the prior art, in the present invention, a shielding sleeve is additionally provided, and an isolation sheet is arranged inside the shielding sleeve. The isolation sheet divides the receiving cavity into several isolated cavities, and each wire is placed in a corresponding isolated cavity. On the one hand, each wire is shielded and isolated by an independent isolated cavity, effectively preventing external electromagnetic interference and electromagnetic interference between wires, and effectively improving the signal transmission stability of the high-frequency single-pair differential connector. On the other hand, since the sizes of the isolation sleeve and the isolation sheet can be set according to production requirements, adjusting the sizes of the shielding sleeve and / or the isolation sheet can change the characteristic impedance of the shielding sleeve to match the characteristic impedance requirements of different types of connectors, effectively improving the applicability of the high-frequency single-pair differential connector.

[0008] Preferably, the connector body further includes a terminal assembly and an insulating sleeve. The terminal assembly includes several terminal units. The insulating sleeve is provided with several terminal channels with openings at both ends. Each terminal channel can be inserted by a corresponding terminal unit. Each wire is electrically connected to a corresponding terminal unit. The terminal unit passes through the terminal channel, and the end of the terminal unit is exposed to the external environment.

[0009] Specifically, the insulating sleeve is provided with a receiving window corresponding to each terminal channel, and the receiving window can accommodate the deformation generated by the expansion of the end of the terminal unit.

[0010] Preferably, a first protrusion is provided on the terminal unit, and a first through hole is provided on the insulating sleeve. When the terminal unit passes through the terminal channel, the first protrusion is snap-connected to the first through hole to position the terminal unit in the terminal channel.

[0011] Preferably, the high-frequency single-pair differential connector further includes a housing with openings at both ends. The housing includes a first housing body, a second housing body, and a third housing body that are sequentially butted. The connector body is installed inside the housing, and the first housing body is snap-connected to the insulating sleeve, the second housing body is snap-connected to the shielding sleeve, and the third housing body covers the cable.

[0012] Preferably, an avoidance groove is provided on the insulating sleeve, and a first elastic piece is provided on the first housing body. When the first housing body is snap-connected to the insulating sleeve, the first elastic piece is snap-connected and abuts against the avoidance groove.

[0013] Preferably, the shielding sleeve axially protrudes to form a step. The step is provided with a lug, and a second elastic piece is provided on the lug. The second housing body is provided with a second through hole and a third elastic piece. When the second housing body is snap-connected to the shielding sleeve, the second elastic piece is snap-connected to the second through hole, and the third elastic piece abuts against the step.

[0014] Preferably, the cable further includes an outer sheath and a braided layer. The outer sheath covers the braided layer, the braided layer covers all the wires, and at least part of the braided layer overlaps on the outer surface of the shielding sleeve. When the third housing covers the cable, the third housing crimps the braided layer to conduct the outer shell and the braided layer.

[0015] Preferably, the first housing axially protrudes to form a characteristic impedance adjustment ring. The characteristic impedance adjustment ring covers the end of the insulating sleeve, and a first guiding structure for inserting a mating device is provided at the end of the insulating sleeve.

[0016] Specifically, the characteristic impedance adjustment ring is connected to the end of the first housing through a second guiding structure.

[0017] Preferably, both the shielding sleeve and the isolation piece are made of copper, and the isolation piece is integrally formed inside the shielding sleeve. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-frequency single-pair differential connector according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a schematic structural diagram after removing the outer shell;

[0020] Figure 3 is Figure 2 an exploded schematic diagram of;

[0021] Figure 4 is Figure 2 a cross-sectional view of;

[0022] Figure 5 is Figure 2 a cross-sectional view from another angle;

[0023] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the shielding sleeve of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the insulating sleeve of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-frequency single-pair differential connector according to the second embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0026] To describe in detail the technical content, structural features, achieved objectives and effects of the present invention, the following is described in detail in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] First Embodiment

[0028] Please refer to Figure 1As shown, the high-frequency single-pair differential connector 100 of this embodiment is a female connector, suitable for use as a vehicle-mounted Ethernet connector. Of course, it can also be used as an ordinary connector, especially suitable for use as a connector with high requirements for characteristic impedance and electromagnetic shielding performance. The structure of the high-frequency single-pair differential connector 100 of this embodiment will be described in detail below.

[0029] Please refer to Figures 2 - 7 As shown, the high-frequency single-pair differential connector 100 of this embodiment includes a connector body 10 and a cable 20 electrically connected to the connector body 10. Among them, the cable 20 includes a plurality of wires 21. In this embodiment, the cable 20 includes two wires 21. The connector body 10 includes a shielding sleeve 11. The shielding sleeve 11 has a hollow structure, and the hollow structure forms a receiving cavity 111. An isolating sheet 112 is provided inside the shielding sleeve 11. The isolating sheet 112 divides the receiving cavity 111 into two isolated cavities 113, and each wire 21 is placed in a corresponding isolated cavity 113.

[0030] It can be understood that since metal has a certain electromagnetic shielding effect, the shielding sleeve 11 can shield the electromagnetic interference from the outside to the wire 21. And since each wire 21 is placed in an independent isolated cavity 113, and each isolated cavity 113 can also shield the electromagnetic interference from the adjacent wire 21. Therefore, by adding the shielding sleeve 11 with the isolating sheet 112, the stability of signal transmission can be effectively improved.

[0031] Preferably, both the shielding sleeve 11 and the isolating sheet 112 are made of copper. The isolating sheet 112 is integrally formed inside the shielding sleeve 11, effectively improving the structural stability of the shielding sleeve 11. It should be noted that the shielding sleeve 11 and the isolating sheet 112 can also be other metal products with shielding effects, which are not limited here.

[0032] Since the sizes of the isolating sleeve and the isolating sheet 112 can be set according to production requirements, adjusting the sizes of the shielding sleeve 11 and / or the isolating sheet 112 can change the characteristic impedance of the shielding sleeve 11 to match the characteristic impedance requirements of different types of connectors, effectively improving the applicability of the high-frequency single-pair differential connector 100. Therefore, the high-frequency single-pair differential connector 100 of this embodiment can meet the characteristic impedance requirements of different types of connectors by designing the sizes of the isolating sleeve and / or the isolating sheet 112.

[0033] Please refer to Figures 2 - 7As shown, the connector body 10 of this embodiment further includes a terminal assembly 12 and an insulating sleeve 13. The terminal assembly 12 includes two terminal units 121. The insulating sleeve 13 is provided with two terminal channels 131 that are open at both ends. Each terminal channel 131 is adapted for a corresponding terminal unit 121 to be inserted therein. Each wire 21 is electrically connected to a corresponding terminal unit 121. Specifically, the bare end of the wire 21 is electrically connected to the tail of the terminal unit 121 by means of welding, screwing or winding. The terminal unit 121 passes through the terminal channel 131, and the end of the terminal unit 121 is exposed to the external environment.

[0034] Preferably, the insulating sleeve 13 is provided with a receiving window 132 corresponding to each terminal channel 131. The receiving window 132 can accommodate the deformation generated by the expansion of the end of the terminal unit 121.

[0035] Specifically, when the mating device is inserted into the connector body 10, that is, when the male terminal is inserted into the end of the terminal unit 121 in alignment, since the end of the terminal unit 121 is an elastic structure, the end of the terminal unit 121 will expand radially under the extrusion of the mating device, and the end of the terminal unit 121 generates a certain deformation. This receiving window 132 provides a receiving space for the radial expansion deformation of the end of the terminal unit 121, avoiding the interference between the terminal unit 121 and the insulating sleeve 13 that may cause the terminal unit 121 to deform and yield, and effectively preventing the end of the terminal unit 121 from undergoing permanent deformation and losing its elasticity due to being pressed against the insulating sleeve 13, effectively extending the service life of the terminal unit 121, and ensuring good contact between the male and female terminals, thereby improving the stability of the high-frequency single-pair differential connector 100.

[0036] Preferably, the end of the terminal unit 121 of this embodiment has a bowl-shaped structure for guiding the insertion of the mating device. Further, the insulating sleeve 13 forms a guiding structure at the position of the terminal channel 131 close to the end of the terminal unit 121. Specifically, at the exit position of each terminal channel 131, the insulating sleeve 13 forms a guiding inclined surface that guides the insertion part of the mating device into the exit of the terminal channel 131. This guiding inclined surface has a bowl-shaped structure, effectively preventing damage caused by misalignment of the insertion of the mating device.

[0037] Please refer to Figures 2 - 7 As shown, in order to better fix the terminal unit 121 in the insulating sleeve 13, the terminal unit 121 of this embodiment is fixed in the insulating sleeve 13 by a clamping structure. Specifically, the terminal unit 121 is provided with a first protrusion 1211, and the insulating sleeve 13 is provided with a first through hole 133. When the terminal unit 121 passes through the terminal channel 131, the first protrusion 1211 is clamped and connected to the first through hole 133, so that the terminal unit 121 is positioned in the terminal channel 131. At this time, the first protrusion 1211 abuts against the first through hole 133, effectively preventing the terminal unit 121 from being displaced under force during the insertion process.

[0038] Please refer to Figures 1 - 7 As shown, the high-frequency single-pair differential connector 100 of this embodiment further includes a housing 30 with both ends open. The housing 30 includes a first housing 31, a second housing 32, and a third housing 33 that are sequentially butted. Preferably, the first housing 31, the second housing 32, and the third housing 33 are integrally formed to ensure the rigidity of the housing 30. Preferably, the housing 30 is a lightweight metal part such as an aluminum shell with certain shielding performance to further improve the shielding performance of the high-frequency single-pair differential connector 100.

[0039] The connector body 10 is installed in the housing 30. The first housing 31 is snap-connected to the insulating sleeve 13, the second housing 32 is snap-connected to the shielding sleeve 11, and the third housing 33 covers the cable 20. At this time, the housing 30 is sequentially and segmentally fixed to the insulating sleeve 13, the shielding sleeve 11, and the cable 20 to prevent the housing 30 from falling off or shifting during use.

[0040] Please refer to Figure 3 As shown, a plurality of relief grooves 134 are formed on the circumferential side of the insulating sleeve 13 of this embodiment. A plurality of first elastic pieces 311 equal in number to the relief grooves 134 are provided on the circumferential side of the first housing 31. When the first housing 31 is snap-connected to the insulating sleeve 13, the first elastic pieces 311 are respectively snapped and abutted against the corresponding relief grooves 134 to achieve effective fixation of the first housing 31 and the insulating sleeve 13. Moreover, the circumferential sides of the relief grooves 134 and the first elastic pieces 311 are paired to prevent the first housing 31 and the insulating sleeve 13 from shifting due to accidental rotation.

[0041] Please refer to Figures 2 - 6 As shown, a step 114 is axially protruded from the shielding sleeve 11 of this embodiment. A lug 1141 is provided on the step 114, and a second elastic piece 11411 is provided on the lug 1141. The second housing 32 is provided with a second through hole 321 and a plurality of third elastic pieces 322. The insulating sleeve 13 is provided with a snap groove 135 for the lug 1141 to be snap-connected. When the second housing 32 is snap-connected to the shielding sleeve 11, the second elastic piece 11411 is snap-connected to the second through hole 321, and the plurality of third elastic pieces 322 are respectively abutted against the step 114. In this embodiment, the third elastic pieces 322 are respectively provided on the upper side wall and the lower side wall of the second housing 32. The third elastic pieces 322 are specifically abutted against the connection between the step 114 and the shielding sleeve 11. At this time, the shielding sleeve 11 is effectively fixed in the second housing 32.

[0042] It should be noted that the structural form of the shielding sleeve 11 of this embodiment is not limited to Figure 6As shown, as an extension, the structure and shape of the shielding sleeve 11 can be further changed to adapt to different connector requirements. For example, the lugs can be arranged in a ring shape or a semi-ring shape to provide multiple characteristic impedance requirements. Another example is to add engaging pieces on the lugs to further engage and fix with the insulating sleeve. Without limiting other specific forms of the shielding sleeve 11, it is ensured that the shielding sleeve 11 can provide overall shielding, individual shielding, and fixation with the insulating sleeve 13.

[0043] Please refer to Figures 1 - 5 As shown, the cable 20 of this embodiment further includes an outer sheath 22 and a braided layer 23. The outer sheath 22 covers the braided layer 23 to protect the braided layer 23 from the external environment. The braided layer 23 covers all the wires 21 to improve the anti-bending property of the wires 21. The braided layer 23 at least partially overlaps on the outer surface of the shielding sleeve 11. Specifically, the braided layer 23 covers to the tail of the shielding sleeve 11, so that the shielding sleeve 11 and the cable 20 are connected together through the braided layer 23 to improve the strength of the connection part between the shielding sleeve 11 and the cable 20. When the third housing 33 covers the cable 20, the third housing 33 rivets the braided layer 23 to conduct the outer shell 30 and the braided layer 23.

[0044] Please refer to Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the first housing 31 axially protrudes to form a characteristic impedance adjustment ring 3111, and the characteristic impedance adjustment ring 3111 covers the end of the insulating sleeve 13. By designing the size of the characteristic impedance adjustment ring 3111, the characteristic impedance of the characteristic impedance adjustment ring 3111 can be changed. Combining with the characteristic impedance adjustment of the isolation sleeve and the isolation piece 112, the high-frequency single-pair differential connector 100 of this embodiment can, according to the characteristic impedance requirements of the connector, coordinate the design of the sizes of the isolation sleeve, the isolation piece 112, and the characteristic impedance adjustment ring 3111 to provide characteristic impedances with different parameters, which will not be elaborated here.

[0045] Further, a second guiding structure 3112 for the mating device to insert is provided at the end of the insulating sleeve 13. Specifically, the characteristic impedance adjustment ring 3111 is connected to the end of the first housing 31 through the second guiding structure 3112. The guiding structure is specifically an inclined surface, and the inclined surface is specifically located between the free end of the first elastic piece 311 and the characteristic impedance adjustment ring 3111. When the mating device is inserted, the inclined surface guides the mating device into the connector body 10 in place, avoiding damage to the first elastic piece 311 caused by improper insertion of the mating device directly hitting the first elastic piece 311.

[0046] Please refer to Figures 1 - 7 As shown, the assembly and use of the high-frequency single-pair differential connector 100 of this embodiment will be described in detail below:

[0047] 1. First, electrically connect the exposed wire ends of each wire 21 to the tail of the terminal unit 121.

[0048] 2. Pass each terminal monomer 121 through the tail of the corresponding isolation cavity 113 in the shielding sleeve 11, and place the wire 21 in the corresponding isolation cavity 113;

[0049] 3. Wrap (slip over) the tail of the shielding sleeve 11 with the braided layer 23 so that the tail of the shielding sleeve 11 and the cable 20 form an integral structure;

[0050] 4. Insert each terminal monomer 121 into the corresponding terminal channel 131 of the insulating sleeve 13 and be wrapped by the corresponding terminal channel 131. An insulating separation state is formed between all the terminal monomers 121 through the insulating sleeve 13. When the terminal monomer 121 is installed in place in the terminal channel 131, the first protrusion 1211 is snap-connected to the first through hole 133, and the terminal monomer 121 corresponds to the receiving window 132;

[0051] 5. Starting from the third housing 33 part, slip the outer housing 30 onto the connector body 10 along the end of the insulating sleeve 13 until the third housing 33 is riveted to the braided layer 23. At this time, the first elastic piece 311 is snapped and abutted against the avoidance groove 134 of the first housing 31, the second elastic piece 11411 is snap-connected to the second through hole 321 of the second housing 32, and the third elastic piece 322 abuts against the step 114 of the second housing 32, thereby installing the housing in place on the connector body 10;

[0052] 6. During use, align the insertion part of the mating device with the respective outlets of the terminal channels 131 and then insert it to complete the insertion of the mating device and the high-frequency single-pair differential connector 100.

[0053] It should be noted that the mating device involved in this embodiment is a device that can be inserted into the high-frequency single-pair differential connector 100 of this embodiment, such as a male connector adapted to this high-frequency single-pair differential connector 100.

[0054] Second Embodiment

[0055] Please refer to Figure 8 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the high-frequency single-pair differential connector 200 of this embodiment is a male connector. At this time, the end of the terminal monomer 121 extends out of the terminal channel for insertion with the mating device. The insulating sleeve 13 partially wraps the terminal assembly and insulates and separates all the terminal monomers 121. At this time, the insulating sleeve 13 further fixes the terminal assembly and makes the ends of all the terminal monomers 121 be spaced apart, so as to avoid offset short circuit due to external force.

[0056] The remaining structures of the high-frequency single-pair differential connector 200 in this embodiment are substantially the same as those in the first embodiment. The usage methods of the male connector and the female connector are well-known in the art and will not be described in detail herein.

[0057] Combined with Figures 1 - 8 , for the high-frequency single-pair differential connectors 100 and 200 of the present invention, by adding a shielding sleeve 11, and an isolation sheet 112 is provided inside the shielding sleeve 11. The isolation sheet 112 divides the receiving cavity 111 to form a plurality of isolation cavities 113, and each wire 21 is placed in a corresponding isolation cavity 113. On the one hand, each wire 21 is shielded and isolated by an independent isolation cavity 113, effectively preventing external electromagnetic interference and electromagnetic interference between the wires 21, and effectively improving the signal transmission stability of the high-frequency single-pair differential connectors 100 and 200. On the other hand, since the sizes of the isolation sleeve and the isolation sheet 112 can be set according to production requirements, adjusting the size of the shielding sleeve 11 and / or the isolation sheet 112 can change the characteristic impedance of the shielding sleeve 11 to match the characteristic impedance requirements of different types of connectors, effectively improving the applicability of the high-frequency single-pair differential connectors 100 and 200.

[0058] The above-disclosed are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and of course, the scope of rights of the present invention cannot be limited thereby. Therefore, equivalent changes made according to the scope of the patent application of the present invention still fall within the scope covered by the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-frequency single-pair differential connector, characterized in that: It includes a connector body and a cable electrically connected to the connector body. The cable includes a plurality of wires. The connector body includes a shielding sleeve. The shielding sleeve has a hollow structure, and the hollow structure forms a receiving cavity. An isolating sheet is provided inside the shielding sleeve. The isolating sheet divides the receiving cavity into a plurality of isolated cavities, and each wire is placed in a corresponding isolated cavity; The connector body further includes a terminal assembly and an insulating sleeve. The terminal assembly includes a plurality of terminal units. The insulating sleeve is provided with a plurality of terminal channels with openings at both ends. Each terminal channel can be inserted into a corresponding terminal unit. Each wire is electrically connected to a corresponding terminal unit. The terminal unit passes through the terminal channel, and the end of the terminal unit is exposed to the external environment; It further includes a housing with openings at both ends. The housing includes a first housing body, a second housing body, and a third housing body that are sequentially butted. The connector body is installed inside the housing. The first housing body is snap - connected to the insulating sleeve, the second housing body is snap - connected to the shielding sleeve, and the third housing body covers the cable; The shielding sleeve axially protrudes to form a step. The step is provided with a lug, and a second elastic sheet is provided on the lug. The second housing body is provided with a second through - hole and a third elastic sheet. When the second housing body is snap - connected to the shielding sleeve, the second elastic sheet is snap - connected to the second through - hole, and the third elastic sheet abuts against the step; The insulating sleeve is provided with a receiving window corresponding to each terminal channel. The receiving window can accommodate the deformation of the end of the terminal unit due to expansion.

2. The high-frequency single-pair differential connector according to claim 1, wherein: The terminal unit is provided with a first protrusion. The insulating sleeve is provided with a first through - hole. When the terminal unit passes through the terminal channel, the first protrusion is snap - connected to the first through - hole to position the terminal unit in the terminal channel.

3. The high-frequency single-pair differential connector according to claim 1, wherein: The insulating sleeve is provided with an avoidance groove. The first housing body is provided with a first elastic sheet. When the first housing body is snap - connected to the insulating sleeve, the first elastic sheet snaps and abuts against the avoidance groove.

4. The high-frequency single-pair differential connector according to claim 1, wherein: The cable further includes an outer skin and a braided layer. The outer skin covers the braided layer. The braided layer covers all the wires, and at least part of the braided layer overlaps on the outer surface of the shielding sleeve. When the third housing body covers the cable, the third housing body rivets the braided layer to conduct the housing and the braided layer.

5. The high-frequency single-pair differential connector according to claim 1, wherein: The first housing body axially protrudes to form a characteristic impedance adjusting ring. The characteristic impedance adjusting ring covers the end of the insulating sleeve. The end of the insulating sleeve is provided with a first guiding structure for the mating device to be inserted.

6. The high-frequency single-pair differential connector according to claim 5, wherein: The characteristic impedance adjusting ring is connected to the end of the first housing body through a second guiding structure.

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