Battery vehicle auxiliary braking equipment and construction method suitable for steep-slope shield tunnels

Abstract

The present invention relates to an auxiliary braking device and construction method for an electric battery vehicle suitable for a shield tunnel with a large slope, comprising a steering device, a lifting device, a limiting device and a track device, wherein the track device comprises a steel rail for the electric battery vehicle to travel and a rack rail arranged on the inner side of the steel rail, the rack rail has grooves arranged at intervals, the limiting device has at least one one-way lock that can move up and down, the one-way lock comprises at least one limiting block, the shape and size of the limiting block meet the requirement that it can be clamped in the groove of the rack rail, and the limiting block has an inclined cross section, the inclined cross section extends from the inside of the groove of the rack rail, and the other side of the vertical side of the limiting block meets the requirement that it can be abutted in the groove of the rack rail, thereby providing reverse resistance to achieve braking of the electric battery vehicle. The present invention realizes the automatic auxiliary braking of the electric battery vehicle under different slopes, and at the same time, the limiting direction can be adjusted according to the forward direction of the electric battery vehicle, which has the advantages of convenience, speed and efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of battery vehicle auxiliary braking equipment, and in particular to a battery vehicle auxiliary braking equipment and a construction method suitable for a steep-slope shield tunnel. Background Art

[0002] At present, major cities across the country are vigorously promoting the construction of subways. As an efficient and fast construction method, shield method has been widely used in the construction of subway tunnels. A large amount of slag generated during shield construction is mainly transported out of the tunnel by electric vehicles. Electric vehicles are generally composed of locomotives, segment vehicles, slag vehicles and mortar vehicles. In tunnels with large slopes, especially when the electric vehicle is fully loaded or the track is slippery, the electric vehicle is prone to slipping backward. At present, there are three main ways to prevent the electric vehicle from slipping backward: the first is to rely on its own brake system (including air brake and hand brake). The air brake pushes the brake shoe through the cylinder to limit the rotation of the wheelset, and the hand brake puts the electric vehicle in the parking brake state by rotating the brake handwheel; the second is to manually set a limiter on the track, and limit the electric vehicle between the limiters after the electric vehicle stops to prevent slipping backward; the third is to treat the track, such as spreading sand in advance on the road section with a large slope to increase the friction between the track and the wheelset, thereby preventing the electric vehicle from slipping on the track and enhancing the braking effect.

[0003] After searching the prior art literature, it was found that the patent application number is: CN201720952039.2, the publication number is: CN207141041U, and the patent name is: Anti-slip device for shield electric vehicle. This patent controls the rotation of the hook structure through a tie structure fixed to the electric vehicle. When the electric vehicle slides backward on a slope, the tie structure releases the connection with the hook structure, and the hook structure rotates, and the hook at its end is hooked with the corresponding sleeper rail, thereby achieving braking of the electric vehicle.

[0004] Although the above patent has a simple structure, it does not provide a method and specific steps to achieve accurate hooking of the hook structure and the sleeper rail. In actual application, the hook and the sleeper may not be hooked, and no corresponding treatment measures are proposed for the wear and shear damage that the hook structure may cause to the sleeper rail. At the same time, the hook structure in the patent can only achieve a small range of rotation in a single direction, resulting in the hook structure only being able to achieve the function of preventing backward slip in a single direction, and cannot play a role in the opposite direction. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the defects in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an electric vehicle auxiliary braking equipment and construction method suitable for large-slope shield tunnels, which realizes the automatic auxiliary braking of the electric vehicle under different slopes and can adjust the limit direction according to the forward direction of the electric vehicle, which has the advantages of convenience, speed and efficiency.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A battery car auxiliary braking device suitable for a shield tunnel with a large slope includes a steering device, a lifting device, a limit device and a track device, wherein:

[0008] The track device comprises a steel rail for the electric bottle car to travel and a rack rail arranged inside the steel rail, and the rack rail has grooves arranged at intervals;

[0009] The limit device has at least one one-way lock that can move up and down, and the one-way lock includes at least one limit block, the shape and size of the limit block meet the requirements that it can be clamped in the groove of the rack, and the limit block has an oblique cross section, and the oblique cross section extends from the inside of the groove of the rack, and the other side of the vertical side of the limit block meets the requirement that it can be abutted in the groove of the rack, so as to provide reverse resistance to achieve braking of the battery vehicle;

[0010] The lifting device is connected to control the limiting device to control the height of the limiting block;

[0011] The steering device is connected to control the limiting device to adjust the direction of the limiting block.

[0012] Preferably, the steering device is connected above the lifting device, and the limiting device is connected below the lifting device. The steering device drives the lifting device to turn the limiting device.

[0013] Preferably, the steering device includes a supporting connection structure, a servo motor, a bevel gear set, a rotating shaft and a rotating table, wherein the supporting connection structure has a working space, the servo motor, the bevel gear set and the rotating shaft are respectively installed in the working space, the output end of the servo motor and the bevel gear set form a transmission fit, the bevel gear set and the rotating shaft form a transmission fit, the rotating table is arranged at the bottom of the supporting connection structure, the rotating shaft passes through the supporting connection structure and is connected and fixed to the rotating table, and the rotating table is connected to the lifting device.

[0014] More preferably, the supporting connection structure is composed of a base plate and four steel plates welded perpendicular to the base plate, the base plate provides a base support for the servo motor and the bevel gear set, and the four vertical steel plates form a semi-enclosed space, providing a relatively independent working space for the steering device.

[0015] More preferably, the bevel gear set is formed by meshing a vertical bevel gear and a transverse bevel gear. All geometric parameters of the two gears are the same, and the angle between the two gears is 90°; the vertical bevel gear is fixedly connected to the motor shaft, and the transverse bevel gear is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft.

[0016] More preferably, the rotating shaft is a circular steel column, the top of which is fixedly connected to the transverse bevel gear, and the bottom is fixedly connected to the rotating table, and the rotation of the rotating shaft is driven by the rotation of the bevel gear set, thereby driving the rotating table to rotate.

[0017] More preferably, the rotating table is a rectangular steel plate, the center of the steel plate is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft and can rotate together with the rotating shaft, and bolt holes are reserved at the bottom of the rotating table.

[0018] More preferably, a certain gap is reserved between the rotating platform and the bottom of the base plate of the supporting connection structure to eliminate the friction force on the rotating platform when it rotates.

[0019] Preferably, the top of the supporting connection structure can be welded to the bottom of the battery vehicle so that the auxiliary braking device of the battery vehicle is connected to the battery vehicle as a whole.

[0020] Preferably, the lifting device is a pneumatic lifting device, which includes at least one cylinder, a base of the cylinder is connected to the steering device, and a telescopic rod of the cylinder is connected to the limiting device.

[0021] More preferably, the pneumatic lifting device is composed of three identical three-axis cylinders arranged equidistantly, and the extension and retraction of the cylinder telescopic rod is achieved by compressing the air in the cylinder, thereby achieving the lifting and lowering of the limiter. The cylinder base fixing plate is connected to the bolt hole reserved at the bottom of the rotating table by bolts, and the top of the cylinder is fixedly connected to the limiter by bolts.

[0022] Preferably, the limiting device comprises a wedge-shaped shell and a one-way lock, the wedge-shaped shell is connected to the steering device and the lifting device, and the one-way lock is installed inside the wedge-shaped shell.

[0023] More preferably, the limiting device is composed of a wedge-shaped shell and three identical one-way locks inside thereof, and the device can realize 180° steering and up and down lifting functions under the control of a steering device and a pneumatic lifting device.

[0024] More preferably, the wedge-shaped housing is welded together by a top plate, a middle partition, a bottom plate, a left vertical plate, a right quarter arc curved plate, and front and rear panels, and the curvature radius of the arc surface is consistent with that of the wheel. The top plate of the wedge-shaped housing is fixedly connected to the cylinder base by bolts, and three circular holes with the same diameter as the one-way lock are reserved on the middle partition and the bottom plate, and the positions of the reserved circular holes correspond to the positions of the three one-way locks.

[0025] Preferably, the one-way lock includes a cylindrical outer shell, an inner partition, a transmission rod, a spring and a limit block, wherein the cylindrical outer shell is connected and fixed to the wedge-shaped outer shell, the inner partition is arranged in the middle position inside the cylindrical outer shell, the transmission rod passes through the inner partition and is located inside the cylindrical outer shell, the bottom end of the transmission rod is connected to the limit block, and the spring is sleeved on the periphery of the transmission rod and is in free contact with the upper surface of the limit block.

[0026] More preferably, the top of the cylindrical shell is fixedly connected to the top plate of the wedge-shaped shell, the cylindrical shell passes through the reserved circular hole of the middle partition of the wedge-shaped shell, and is welded and fixed to the middle partition, an inner partition is welded in the middle position inside the cylinder, and the inner partition divides the cylinder into two, forming two upper and lower cylindrical spaces.

[0027] More preferably, a hole with a diameter slightly larger than that of the transmission rod is reserved in the center of the inner partition, so as to constrain the transmission rod to move up and down only in the direction of the hole.

[0028] More preferably, the transmission rod is a smooth cylinder, and a transmission cap having a larger diameter than the transmission rod is fixedly connected to the top thereof, so that the transmission cap cannot pass through the reserved hole of the inner partition, thereby limiting the transmission rod from separating from the inner partition and moving downward. The bottom of the transmission rod is reserved with threads, which can be connected to the limit block.

[0029] More preferably, rubber is provided at the bottom of the transmission cap to reduce the impact force between the transmission cap and the inner partition, while increasing the friction between the transmission cap and the inner partition to prevent the transmission rod from rotating.

[0030] More preferably, the limit block is an oblique truncated cylinder with an oblique section of about 45°, and the side opposite to the oblique section is a plane structure, which can contact the plane of the rack side to increase the contact area and thus increase the reverse resistance.

[0031] More preferably, the bottom of the transmission rod is connected to the top of the limit block by threads, forming a whole with the limit block, and performing lifting movement in the cylindrical shell together. The threaded connection facilitates the replacement of the limit block that is excessively worn.

[0032] Preferably, the steering device and the lifting device are respectively connected to a controller and their working states are controlled by the controller.

[0033] Preferably, the track device is composed of sleeper rails, steel rails, rack rails, angle steels and bolts. The device cooperates with the battery wheel pair and the limiter to provide greater reverse resistance for the battery vehicle braking process, which can effectively prevent the battery vehicle from sliding backwards.

[0034] Preferably, the sleeper rails and the steel rails can allow battery cars to be grouped and run.

[0035] More preferably, the sleeper rails are arranged at intervals on the tunnel bottom plane.

[0036] More preferably, the rail is an I-beam section.

[0037] Preferably, the rack is a rectangular rack, the groove width is greater than the diameter of the limit block, and the limit block can move up and down between the teeth.

[0038] More preferably, the rack rail is located inside the two rails and is fixedly connected to the sleeper rail and the rails by angle steel and bolts. The rack rail height is lower than the rail height and is tangent to the inner wheel surface of the wheelset.

[0039] More preferably, the rack rail is only installed on sections with larger slopes and does not need to be installed on straight sections.

[0040] Preferably, the angle steel is an equilateral angle steel, and its two sides are welded and fixed to small triangular steel plates of equal thickness.

[0041] Preferably, the bolts are composed of through bolts and vertical bolts, and four through bolts and two vertical bolts are installed on one angle steel.

[0042] More preferably, the through bolt passes through the angle steel and then transversely passes through the rack rail and the rail, and the other end is fixed with a nut to facilitate the removal of the rack rail.

[0043] More preferably, the vertical bolts pass through the angle steel and are fixedly connected to the sleeper rail.

[0044] A construction method for the battery vehicle auxiliary brake device applicable to a steep-slope shield tunnel is provided, characterized in that the construction method comprises the following steps:

[0045] S1. Calculate the driving brake safety factor of the battery vehicle. Calculate the driving brake safety factor λ1 and the parking brake safety factor λ2 to determine whether the equipment is needed for auxiliary braking; if any of the safety factors λ1 and λ2 does not meet the allowable value requirements, it is necessary to start the auxiliary braking equipment and calculate the required auxiliary braking force B f , and according to the auxiliary braking force B f Calculate the number of auxiliary brake devices required, n, otherwise there is no need to start;

[0046] S2. When the auxiliary braking device needs to be started, the steering device adjusts the direction of the limit device so that the oblique cross-section direction of its limit block faces the driving direction of the electric vehicle, and the lifting device adjusts the height of the limit device so that the height of the limit block can meet the requirement of inserting into the rack groove; the auxiliary braking device is started, and the limit block provides reverse resistance by contacting the rack groove to achieve auxiliary braking of the electric vehicle.

[0047] Preferably, the calculation of the service braking safety factor λ1 comprises the following steps:

[0048] Calculating the braking force required for the battery vehicle's service braking; calculating the maximum braking force of the battery vehicle's locomotive; calculating the service braking safety factor λ1 in combination with the braking force required for the battery vehicle's service braking and its maximum braking force;

[0049] The calculation of the parking brake safety factor λ2 comprises the following steps:

[0050] The sliding force and the maximum static friction force of the battery vehicle on the slope are calculated; and the parking brake safety factor λ2 is calculated based on the sliding force and the maximum static friction force.

[0051] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0052] It realizes the automatic auxiliary braking of the battery vehicle on different slopes, and can adjust the limit direction according to the forward direction of the battery vehicle, which has the advantages of convenience, speed and efficiency;

[0053] It can conveniently and effectively limit the battery vehicle in different directions at the steep-slope shield construction site to prevent the battery vehicle from sliding backwards, thus providing safety guarantee for the transportation of pipe segments and slag in the tunnel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings:

[0055] Figure 1 A three-dimensional diagram of the overall structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 3 This is a structural elevation view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0058] The symbols in the figure are respectively represented as: steering device 1, pneumatic lifting device 2, limit device 3, track device 4, battery wheel pair 5;

[0059] Support connection structure 101, servo motor 102, vertical bevel gear 103, transverse bevel gear 104, rotating shaft 105, rotating table 106, three-axis cylinder 201, cylinder telescopic rod 202, wedge-shaped shell top plate 301, cylindrical shell 302, middle partition plate 303, wedge-shaped shell arc surface 304, wedge-shaped shell bottom plate 305, transmission rod 306, inner partition plate 307, spring 308, limit block 309, rail 401, rack rail 402, angle steel 403, through bolt 404, vertical bolt 405, sleeper 406. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The following embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that, for those of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements may be made without departing from the concept of the present invention. These all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0061] A tunnel section of Luoyang Metro Line 2: The left line is 1173.213m long, the right line is 1172.000m long, the minimum buried depth of the tunnel top is about 6.5m, and the maximum buried depth is about 14.2m. Among them, the longitudinal slope of the right line of the line is designed to be 4 slopes, with a minimum slope of 2‰ and a maximum slope of 28.5‰. The section is constructed using an earth pressure balance shield machine and transported by two groups of battery cars. Each group of trains has a locomotive and 4 16m 3 Muck truck, 1 section 8m 3 Mortar truck. 2-section segment truck. Therefore, during shield construction, the battery car driving section has a large slope. The battery car is heavy when fully loaded, and the ground is slippery, so the battery car is prone to slipping backward. In order to avoid the backward slipping phenomenon, this project uses a battery car auxiliary brake device suitable for large-slope shield tunnels to assist parking brakes.

[0062] In this embodiment, an auxiliary braking device for an electric battery vehicle suitable for a steep-slope shield tunnel includes: a steering device 1, a pneumatic lifting device 2, a limiting device 3, and a track device 4.

[0063] The steering device 1 is composed of a supporting connection structure 101 , a servo motor 102 , a bevel gear set (vertical bevel gear 103 and transverse bevel gear 104 ), a rotating shaft 105 and a rotating platform 106 .

[0064] The supporting connection structure 101 is composed of a steel bottom plate and four side plates welded perpendicular to the bottom plate. A bearing is embedded in the center of the steel bottom plate, and the rotating shaft 105 is connected to the bottom plate through the bearing. Four vertical steel plates are welded and fixed to the bottom of the vehicle body. The supporting connection structure 101 provides a base support for the servo motor 102 and the bevel gear set (vertical bevel gear 103 and horizontal bevel gear 104), and provides a relatively independent working space for the steering device 1.

[0065] In some embodiments, the steel floor is a steel plate with a length of 400 mm, a width of 300 mm, and a thickness of 15 mm, and the side plate is a steel plate with a height of 150 mm and a thickness of 15 mm.

[0066] The servo motor 102 is placed horizontally, the base and the bottom plate are fixed by bolts, and connected to the computer in the control room of the battery vehicle by wires, and the rotation of the servo motor can be controlled by the computer.

[0067] In some embodiments, the servo motor 102 may be a servo motor of model EDSMT-2T130-150D.

[0068] The bevel gear set is formed by meshing a vertical bevel gear 103 and a horizontal bevel gear 104, and the angle between the two gear shafts is 90°. The vertical bevel gear 103 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the servo motor 102 through an inner screw hole, and the lower step of the horizontal bevel gear 104 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 105 by welding.

[0069] In some embodiments, the vertical bevel gear 103 and the transverse bevel gear 104 are both 4-module 30-tooth bevel gears with a gear diameter of 125.6 mm, a tooth length of 30 mm, an inner hole diameter of 20 mm, a gear lower step diameter of 79 mm, a height of 20 mm, and a total height of 49 mm.

[0070] The top of the rotating shaft 105 is fixedly connected to the horizontal bevel gear 103, and the bottom is fixedly connected to the rotating platform 106. The rotating shaft 105 is connected to the bottom plate through a bearing preset at the center of the bottom plate of the supporting connection structure 101. The servo motor 102 drives the vertical bevel gear 103 to rotate, and the vertical bevel gear 103 rotates through the rotation of the bevel gear set, thereby driving the rotation of the rotating shaft 105, and finally driving the rotating platform 106 to rotate.

[0071] In some embodiments, the rotating shaft 105 is a circular steel column with a diameter of 79 mm and a height of 50 mm.

[0072] The rotating platform 106 is a rectangular steel plate, the center of which is welded and fixed to the bottom plate of the rotating shaft 105, and can rotate together with the rotating shaft 105. Bolt holes are reserved at the bottom of the rotating platform 106. A certain gap is reserved between the rotating platform 106 and the bottom of the bottom plate of the supporting connection structure 101 to eliminate the friction force when the rotating platform rotates.

[0073] In some embodiments, the rotating table 106 is a rectangular steel plate with a length of 376 mm, a width of 120 mm, and a thickness of 20 mm.

[0074] The pneumatic lifting device 2 is composed of three identical three-axis cylinders 201 and cylinder telescopic rods 202 that are arranged at equal distances. The cylinder telescopic rods are extended and retracted by compressing the air in the cylinders, thereby achieving the lifting and lowering of the limiter.

[0075] The top fixing plate of the cylinder 201 is connected to the reserved bolt hole at the bottom of the rotating platform 106 by bolts, and the base of the cylinder 201 is fixedly connected to the limit device 3 by bolts. The cylinder is controlled by a computer program in the control room.

[0076] In some embodiments, the three-axis cylinder 201 may be three three-axis cylinders of model MGPM63-100Z-M9BM.

[0077] The cylinder telescopic rod 202 can be telescoped up and down under the air pressure of the three-axis cylinder 201, and the telescopic stroke is 100 mm.

[0078] The limiting device 3 is composed of a wedge-shaped housing 305 and three identical one-way locks therein. The device can realize 180° steering and up and down lifting functions under the control of the steering device 1 and the pneumatic lifting device 2.

[0079] The wedge-shaped housing 305 is welded by a wedge-shaped housing top plate 301, a wedge-shaped housing bottom plate 305, a left vertical plate, a right wedge-shaped housing arc surface 304, and front and rear panels. Inside, a middle partition plate 303 is welded at a certain position from the bottom of the wedge-shaped housing top plate 301. The wedge-shaped housing top plate 301 is fixedly connected to the base of the three-axis cylinder 201 by bolts, and three circular holes are reserved on the center line of the middle partition plate 303 and the wedge-shaped housing bottom plate 305, and the positions of the reserved circular holes correspond to the positions of the three one-way locks.

[0080] In some embodiments, the top plate 301 of the wedge-shaped housing is 376 mm long, 120 mm wide, and 15 mm thick; the bottom plate 305 of the wedge-shaped housing is 526 mm long, 120 mm wide, and 15 mm thick; the left vertical plate is 120 mm wide, 215 mm high, and 15 mm thick; the arc surface 304 of the right wedge-shaped housing is 15 mm thick, 150 mm in radius, and the thickness of the front and rear panels is 15 mm. The thickness of the middle partition 303 is 20 mm and it is welded at a position 65 mm from the bottom of the top plate 301 of the wedge-shaped housing. The diameter of the circular hole is 78 mm, the center of the leftmost circular hole is 68 mm away from the left side surface of the wedge-shaped housing 305, and the interval between adjacent circular holes is 44 mm.

[0081] The one-way lock is composed of a cylindrical shell 302, an inner partition 307, a transmission rod 306, a spring 308 and a stop block 309. The top of the cylindrical shell 302 is welded and fixed to the top plate 301 of the wedge-shaped shell. The cylindrical shell 302 passes through the reserved circular hole of the middle partition 303 of the wedge-shaped shell and is welded and fixed to the middle partition 303. The inner partition 307 is welded in the middle position of the cylindrical shell 303. The inner partition 307 divides the cylindrical shell 303 into two, forming two upper and lower cylindrical spaces. A hole is reserved in the center of the inner partition 307, and the transmission rod 306 passes through this hole and moves vertically up and down under its constraint. A transmission cap is fixedly connected to the top of the transmission rod 306, and a thread is reserved at the bottom, which can be connected to the stop block 309. Rubber is provided at the bottom of the transmission cap to reduce the impact force between the transmission cap and the inner partition 307, while increasing the friction between the transmission cap and the inner partition 307 to prevent the transmission rod 306 from rotating. The spring 308 is a cold-rolled compression spring with both ends ground flat, which is wound around the outside of the transmission rod 306. Its upper part is welded and fixed to the bottom of the inner partition 307, and its lower part is in free contact with the upper surface of the limit block 309. The limit block 309 is an irregular cylinder, one side of which is cut off by a 45° oblique section at a certain position from the top surface, and the other side of the waist opposite to the oblique section is recessed into the cylinder to form a wide plane structure. The plane structure can contact the side plane of the rack 402, increasing the contact area and thus increasing the reverse resistance. A screw hole is left at the top center of the limit block 309, through which it is connected to the transmission rod 306 to form a whole, and together they perform lifting and lowering movements in the cylindrical shell 303. The threaded connection makes it easy to replace the excessively worn limit block 309.

[0082] In some embodiments, the cylindrical shell 302 has a diameter of 78 mm and a wall thickness of 8 mm. The thickness of the inner partition 307 is 20 mm. The inner partition 307 divides the cylindrical shell 303 into two cylindrical spaces, the upper cylindrical space has a net height of 65 mm, and the lower cylindrical space has a net height of 100 mm. The diameter of the hole reserved in the center of the inner partition 307 is 17 mm. The transmission rod 306 is a smooth cylinder with a diameter of 16 mm and a length of 100 mm; the transmission cap has a diameter of 32 mm and a length of 10 mm, and a 20 mm long thread is reserved at the bottom. The diameter of the spring 308 is 3 mm, the spring middle diameter is 30 mm, the inner hole diameter is 24 mm, and the free length is 80 mm. The stopper 309 is an irregular cylinder with a diameter of 60 mm and a height of 80 mm. The waist on one side is cut off by a 45° oblique section at a position 30 mm from the top surface, and the waist on the other side opposite to the oblique section is 20 mm from the top surface and is recessed 10 mm deep into the cylinder, forming a plane structure with a width of 45 mm and a height of 60 mm. The diameter of the screw hole left at the top center of the stopper 309 is 16 mm.

[0083] The track device 4 is composed of a sleeper rail 406 , a steel rail 401 , a rack rail 402 , an angle steel 403 , a through bolt 404 , and a vertical bolt 405 .

[0084] In some embodiments, the sleeper rail 406 is 1.2 m long, 0.18 m wide, and 0.1 m high, and a sleeper rail is placed every 1 m on the bottom plane of the tunnel.

[0085] Rail 401 is an I-beam section with a leg width of 0.08m, a waist height of 0.15m and a waist thickness of 15mm.

[0086] The rack rail 402 is a rectangular rack rail with a width of 0.12m and a height of 0.11m. A groove is provided every 0.06m, and the groove depth is 0.06m. The limit block 309 can move up and down between the teeth. The rack rail 402 is located inside the two rails 401 and is fixedly connected to the sleeper rail and the rail by angle steel 403 and bolts (404 and 405). The height of the rack rail 402 is lower than that of the rail 401 and is tangent to the inner wheel surface of the wheelset. The rack rail 402 is only installed on sections with larger slopes and does not need to be installed on straight sections.

[0087] Angle steel 403 is an equilateral angle steel with a side length of 50mm, a thickness of 6mm, a width of 100mm, and is welded and fixed to small triangular steel plates of equal thickness on both sides.

[0088] The through bolt 404 is a Class B M12 bolt with a length of 220 mm. The through bolt 404 connects the rail 401 and the rack rail 402. At the connection position, C-shaped channel steel should be added to both sides of the rail 401 to make its cross-sectional outer contour a rectangular cross-section with a width of 80 mm and a height of 150 mm. The two ends of the through bolt 404 are connected to the vertical surface of the angle steel 403, and the four corners of the vertical surface are connected with the through bolt 404.

[0089] The vertical bolt 405 is a Class A M12 bolt with a length of 30 mm. It is connected with the angle steel 403 and the sleeper rail 406, thereby fixing the rail 401 and the rack rail 402 on the sleeper rail 406.

[0090] The construction method of the equipment described in this embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0091] Step 1: Complete the preparation work before using the auxiliary brake equipment of the battery vehicle, specifically:

[0092] (1) Check the wear of the limit block 309 and the rack 402. In this embodiment, the wear is 0, which meets the requirements. There is no need to replace the limit block 309 or the rack 402.

[0093] (2) Check the rotation function and lifting function of the equipment, that is, check whether the control room computer controls the servo motor 102 and the three-axis cylinder 201 normally.

[0094] (3) Control the computer in the control room to put the equipment in a pre-working state, and adjust the rotating device 1 so that the oblique section of the limit block 309 faces the forward direction of the battery vehicle.

[0095] Step 2: Calculate the driving brake safety factor λ1 and the parking brake safety factor λ2 to determine whether the equipment is required to assist in braking.

[0096] (1) Determine the service brake safety factor λ1

[0097] i) Calculate the braking force B required for service braking

[0098] B=(P+Q)(1100a±i·gw·g)

[0099] In the formula, P represents the mass of the battery car locomotive (T); Q represents the mass of the battery car group excluding the locomotive (T); a represents the deceleration of the battery car (m / s 2 ); i represents the track slope (‰), downhill braking takes a "+" sign, uphill braking takes a "-" sign, generally based on the maximum braking force, that is, i takes a "+" sign; w represents the running resistance coefficient of the battery locomotive, and w increases by 0.015 for every 3T increase in locomotive mass; g is the acceleration due to gravity (N / kg).

[0100] Among them, the battery vehicle running deceleration a can be calculated as follows:

[0101]

[0102] Where, V is the running speed of the battery vehicle (m / s); L z is the braking distance of the battery vehicle (m). In this embodiment, P = 45T, Q = 170.636T when fully loaded, V = 2.17m / s, L z =40m, a=0.059m / s 2 , i = +28.5 (‰), w = 0.225, g = 10N / kg. The braking force required for service braking is calculated to be B = 75442.41N.

[0103] ii) Calculate the maximum braking force B of the battery vehicle max

[0104] B max =1000P n ψg

[0105] Where P n is the adhesion weight of the battery vehicle (T). When the slope is small, P n The same as P; ψ is the adhesion coefficient, which is 0.17 when the track is sanded and 0.12 when it is not sanded. n =45T, ψ=0.17, g=10N / kg, calculate B max =76500N.

[0106] iii) Calculate the service brake safety factor λ1=Bmax / B=76500 / 75442.41=1.01. In this embodiment, the allowable value [λ1]=1.2. Since λ1<[λ1], the required auxiliary braking force B f1 =([λ1]-λ1)×B=(1.2-1.01)×75442.41=14334N.

[0107] (2) Determine the parking brake safety factor λ2

[0108] i) Calculate the sliding force F and the maximum static friction f when the battery vehicle is stationary on the slope:

[0109] F=1000(P+Q)g·sin(arctani)

[0110] f=1000μ(P+Q)g·cos(arctani)

[0111] Wherein, μ is the static friction coefficient, and the static friction coefficient of steel to cast iron ranges from 0.16 to 0.35. In this embodiment, μ=0.17, and F=61431.32N and f=366432.41N are calculated.

[0112] ii) The parking brake safety factor λ2 is calculated to be f / F = 366432.41 / 61431.32 = 5.96. In this embodiment, the allowable value [λ2] = 6.2 is taken. Since λ2 < [λ2], the required parking brake force B f2 =([λ2]-λ2)×F=(6.2-5.96)×61431.32=14743.52N.

[0113] (3) Since both λ1 and λ2 do not meet the allowable value requirements, the auxiliary braking device needs to be activated. The required auxiliary braking force B f =B f2 =14743.52N.

[0114] Step 3: Determine the number of auxiliary brake devices n required, specifically:

[0115] i) Calculate the maximum lateral force F1 that the three limit blocks 309 can withstand

[0116] F1=σ s ·s

[0117] In the formula, σ s is the shear strength of the material (MPa); s is the cross-sectional area of ​​the limit block at the top surface of the rack (mm 2 In this embodiment, the limit block 309 is made of Q235 steel. s =110MPa, s=7553.07mm 2, and calculated F1=830837.7N.

[0118] ii) Calculate the maximum lateral force F2 that the rotating axis can withstand:

[0119] F2=σ zs ·πR 2

[0120] In the formula, σ zs is the shear strength of the rotating shaft material (MPa); R is the radius of the rotating shaft (mm). zs =110MPa, R=39.5mm, and calculated F2=538910.35N.

[0121] iii) The maximum lateral force that the three-axis cylinder can withstand is F3 = 2169N.

[0122] iv) The braking force that a single device can provide is B0 = min (F1, F2, F3) = 2169N.

[0123] v) Calculate the number of auxiliary equipment required

[0124] Step 4: In the control room, use a computer to control 7 auxiliary devices to descend to the rack 402 surface for auxiliary braking.

[0125] The invention and construction method described in this embodiment can assist the parking brake of an electric vehicle in a steep shield tunnel to prevent the electric vehicle from sliding backwards. At the same time, it realizes the automated installation of the equipment and can select the limiting direction according to the driving direction of the electric vehicle. It has the advantages of convenience, speed and efficiency, and is of great significance and value to the safety of tunnel construction.

[0126] The above describes the specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art may make various modifications or variations within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essence of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery vehicle auxiliary braking device suitable for steep-slope shield tunnels, characterized in that: It includes a steering device, a lifting device, a limiting device and a track device, among which: The track device comprises a steel rail for the electric bottle car to travel and a rack rail arranged inside the steel rail, and the rack rail has grooves arranged at intervals; The limit device has at least one one-way lock that can move up and down, and the one-way lock includes at least one limit block, the shape and size of the limit block meet the requirements that it can be clamped in the groove of the rack, and the limit block has an oblique cross section, and the oblique cross section extends outward from the inside of the groove of the rack, and the other side of the vertical side of the limit block meets the requirement that it can be abutted in the groove of the rack, so as to provide reverse resistance to achieve braking of the battery vehicle; The lifting device is connected to control the limiting device to control the height of the limiting block; The steering device is connected to control the limiting device to adjust the direction of the limiting block; The steering device is connected above the lifting device, and the lower part of the lifting device is connected to the limiting device. The steering device drives the lifting device to drive the limiting device to turn. The steering device comprises a supporting connection structure, a servo motor, a bevel gear set, a rotating shaft and a rotating table, wherein the supporting connection structure has a working space, the servo motor, the bevel gear set and the rotating shaft are respectively installed in the working space, the output end of the servo motor and the bevel gear set form a transmission match, the bevel gear set and the rotating shaft form a transmission match, the rotating table is arranged at the bottom of the supporting connection structure, the rotating shaft passes through the supporting connection structure and is fixedly connected to the rotating table, and the rotating table is connected to the lifting device; The limiting device comprises a wedge-shaped shell and a one-way lock, wherein the wedge-shaped shell is connected to the steering device and the lifting device, and the one-way lock is installed inside the wedge-shaped shell; The one-way lock includes a cylindrical outer shell, an inner partition, a transmission rod, a spring and a limit block, wherein the cylindrical outer shell is fixedly connected to the wedge-shaped outer shell, the inner partition is arranged in the middle position inside the cylindrical outer shell, the transmission rod passes through the inner partition and is located inside the cylindrical outer shell, the bottom end of the transmission rod is connected to the limit block, and the spring is sleeved on the periphery of the transmission rod and is in free contact with the upper surface of the limit block.

2. The battery vehicle auxiliary braking device suitable for a steep-slope shield tunnel according to claim 1 is characterized by: The top of the supporting connection structure can be welded to the bottom of the battery vehicle so that the auxiliary braking device of the battery vehicle and the battery vehicle are connected as a whole.

3. The battery vehicle auxiliary braking device suitable for a steep-slope shield tunnel according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The lifting device is a pneumatic lifting device, which includes at least one cylinder, a base of the cylinder is connected to the steering device, and a telescopic rod of the cylinder is connected to the limiting device.

4. The battery vehicle auxiliary braking device suitable for a steep-slope shield tunnel according to claim 1 is characterized by: The steering device and the lifting device are respectively connected to a controller and their working states are controlled by the controller.

5. A construction method for the battery vehicle auxiliary brake device applicable to a steep-slope shield tunnel according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The construction method comprises the following steps: S1. Calculate the driving brake safety factor of the battery vehicle and parking brake safety factor , determine whether equipment auxiliary braking is required; if , If any of the two safety factors does not meet the allowable value requirements, it is necessary to activate the auxiliary braking device and calculate the required auxiliary braking force. B f , and according to the auxiliary braking force B f Calculate the number of auxiliary brake devices required, n, otherwise there is no need to start; S2. When the auxiliary braking device needs to be started, the steering device adjusts the direction of the limit device so that the oblique cross-section direction of its limit block faces the driving direction of the electric vehicle, and the lifting device adjusts the height of the limit device so that the height of the limit block can meet the requirement of inserting into the rack groove; the auxiliary braking device is started, and the limit block provides reverse resistance by contacting the rack groove to achieve auxiliary braking of the electric vehicle.

6. The construction method of a battery vehicle auxiliary brake device suitable for a steep-slope shield tunnel according to claim 5, characterized in that: The service brake safety factor The calculation of includes the following steps: Calculate the braking force required for the battery vehicle's service braking; calculate the maximum braking force of the battery vehicle's locomotive; calculate the service braking safety factor based on the braking force required for the battery vehicle's service braking and its maximum braking force ; The parking brake safety factor The calculation of includes the following steps: Calculate the sliding force and maximum static friction of the battery vehicle on the slope; calculate the parking brake safety factor based on the sliding force and the maximum static friction .

Images