Corridor shunt port type of high water head ship lock multi-section water delivery system

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of high head ship lock multi-section water delivery system gallery shunt mouth type, belong to navigation structure field.It is the improvement of prior art shunt mouth type, including: first branch gallery is connected with second shunt mouth in middle part, the second shunt mouth is three-part type, upper and lower layer is divided equally, wherein the upper layer after equal division is connected with two-way 180 ° horizontal symmetry turning, and is divided into two second branch galleries in plane;The lower layer after equal division uses second straight gallery, and sets third shunt mouth in terminal end.The present application has the advantages that: a new type of hierarchical shunt mouth configuration is proposed, effectively reduces the problem that the resistance coefficient difference of branch gallery is large due to the turning type difference of upper level shunt mouth;Effectively improve the uniformity of the outflow of the four sections of the lock chamber branch gallery, thereby reducing the water surface slope of the lock chamber and the mooring force of the ship in the lock chamber, and ensuring the safety of the high head ship lock ship.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a channel diversion outlet type for a multi-section water conveyance system of a high-head ship lock, which improves the uniformity of outflow in each section of the lock chamber and belongs to the field of design and application of ship lock water conveyance systems. Background Technology

[0002] Navigation structures are important structures in inland waterway transportation that realize river canalization and connect different water systems. They have a point-to-line relationship with inland waterways. The waterways between different levels of a river are connected by navigation structures to form a waterway that is unobstructed both upstream and downstream. Waterways between different water systems also need to rely on navigation structures to connect into a comprehensive inland waterway network.

[0003] Ship locks are the oldest and most numerous type of navigation structure. According to incomplete statistics, there are currently nearly 4,000 ship locks worldwide, accounting for over 97% of all navigation structures. In my country, ship locks account for over 90% of the nearly 1,000 navigation structures.

[0004] The layout of the lock's water conveyance system and related hydraulic conditions are closely related to the lock's throughput capacity, operational efficiency, and the safety of ships mooring within the lock chamber and approach channel. On the one hand, the water conveyance system design needs to meet the water conveyance time requirements to ensure the lock's throughput capacity and operational efficiency. On the other hand, during the water conveyance process, as the water level rises or falls within the lock chamber, ships moored within the lock chamber are subjected to various forces, including the surface slope force from the non-constant water flow, the velocity force from the water flow, and local forces generated by various local flow patterns. When these forces are too large, they can cause the mooring cables to break, or the ships to sway excessively, leading to collisions, capsizing, and other problems that are detrimental to the safety of ship mooring. Therefore, the water conveyance process of the lock must ensure that the water flow fully dissipates energy, avoids adverse local flow patterns as much as possible, and ensures that the water flow within the lock chamber rises or falls smoothly, thereby meeting the conditions for safe mooring of ships within the lock chamber.

[0005] The lock water conveyance system is matched with the lock chamber dimensions and water head. Based on the layout and energy dissipation characteristics of different types of water conveyance systems, the water conveyance system forms can be divided into the following 7 categories from simple to complex:

[0006] 1) Centralized water conveyance system: water flows into the gate chamber from the end of the gate chamber, and the water flows from one gate head to another.

[0007] 2) Localized decentralized water conveyance system: water filling adopts a decentralized water conveyance system, and water discharge adopts a centralized water conveyance system.

[0008] 3) The first type of decentralized water conveyance system, which is the first type of decentralized water conveyance system in my country, mainly includes the gate wall long corridor side branch hole water conveyance system.

[0009] 4) Type 2a mainly includes the energy dissipation and water conveyance system of the side branch hole of the gate bottom long corridor, the energy dissipation and water conveyance system of the top branch hole of the gate bottom long corridor, and the water conveyance system of the side branch hole of the gate chamber corridor; its characteristic is that the water conveyance system does not have branch corridors in the gate chamber and is not divided into zones.

[0010] 5) Type 2b, the gate wall long corridor gate chamber transverse branch corridor water conveyance system, characterized by transverse branch corridors arranged in the gate chamber, without longitudinal branch corridors.

[0011] 6) Type C of the second category includes the longitudinal and transverse branch corridor water conveyance system of the gate chamber, the horizontal diversion gate bottom branch corridor water conveyance system, etc. Its characteristics are that the water conveyance system is divided into sections in the gate chamber, the water flow enters from the middle corridor of the gate chamber, and longitudinal branch corridors are set up.

[0012] 7) The third category is the third category of decentralized water conveyance system defined in my country's standards, such as the equal inertia three-dimensional diversion multi-section decentralized water conveyance system. Its characteristics are that the water conveyance system is arranged with equal inertia and the first diversion port adopts three-dimensional diversion.

[0013] The third type of water conveyance system is generally used for ship locks with ultra-high heads, such as the Three Gorges Ship Lock (maximum head 45.2m) and the Datengxia Ship Lock (maximum head 40.25m). Both belong to the third type of water conveyance system with four-section water output. Their layout is shown in [reference needed]. Figure 1 , Figure 2 Water flows into the main corridors 1 on both the left and right sides. The primary diversion outlet 2 is located in the center of the gate chamber. Horizontal baffles are installed at half the height of the main water conveyance corridors 1 on both sides of the gate chamber to divide the water flow into upper and lower layers. The upper layer of water flow from the right main corridor and the lower layer of water flow from the left main corridor flow into the primary branch corridor 3 in the upper half of the gate chamber, while the upper layer of water flow from the left main corridor and the lower layer of water flow from the right main corridor flow into the primary branch corridor 3 in the lower half of the gate chamber. Secondary diversion outlets 4 are installed at 1 / 4 and 3 / 4 of the gate chamber length. 1 and 4-2 are horizontally and vertically diverted by vertical and horizontal diaphragms. The water flow is divided into four equal streams by horizontal and vertical diaphragms. The two streams above the horizontal diaphragm pass through the diversion port 4-2, and after two 45° direction adjustments, they enter the secondary branch corridor 6 at the end of the gate chamber. The two streams below the horizontal diaphragm pass through the diversion port 4-1, make a 180° turn and rise, and then enter the secondary branch corridor 5 in the middle of the gate chamber. There are a total of four sections of water outlet. The secondary branch corridor is equipped with water outlet branch holes 7 that are connected to the gate chamber.

[0014] According to the basic formula for pressure flow in hydraulics, the difference in drag coefficient and inertial length is the fundamental reason for the difference in outlet flow rate. Currently, in the above-mentioned diversion gate type of "180° lift turn + two 45° horizontal turns", due to the different turning patterns of the two water flows above the horizontal baffle and the two water flows below the horizontal baffle at the diversion gate, the local drag coefficients are significantly different. This results in a certain difference in the outflow rate of the secondary branch corridor 5 in the middle of the lock chamber and the secondary branch corridor 6 at the end of the lock chamber, which increases the water surface slope and the water velocity in the lock chamber, leading to a greater mooring force on ships and endangering the safety of ship berthing. Summary of the Invention

[0015] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to address the shortcomings of the existing channel diversion outlets in the water conveyance system of high-head ship locks with multiple sections of water outlet, and to propose a brand-new branch channel diversion outlet arrangement to improve the uniformity of outflow from multiple sections of the lock chamber.

[0016] This invention discloses a channel diversion outlet type for a multi-section water conveyance system of a high-head ship lock, comprising the following:

[0017] 1. The main corridor ends at a primary diversion point, and the primary diversion point is connected to a primary branch corridor downstream.

[0018] 2. The primary branch corridor connects to the secondary diversion point in the middle. The secondary diversion point is a three-part structure, with the upper and lower levels equally divided. The upper level after the division connects to a bidirectional 180° horizontal symmetrical turn, which divides the corridor into two secondary corridors in plan.

[0019] 3. The lower level after equal division adopts a single corridor for straight entry, with a three-level diversion outlet set at the end;

[0020] 4. The third-level diversion outlet is a 45° upward-sloping corridor that connects to a two-way 180° horizontal symmetrical turn, dividing into two third-level corridors on the plane.

[0021] The aforementioned bidirectional 180° horizontal symmetrical turn is a type of diversion outlet, with the diversion outlet appearing as an "m" shape when viewed from above; the middle vertical line of the "m" shape represents the upper-level corridor, while the two vertical lines on either side of the "m" shape represent the current-level corridor;

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention proposes a novel type of diversion outlet; combining the novel diversion outlet with corridors of different levels and locations constructs a new decentralized water conveyance system. The new decentralized system effectively reduces the problem of large differences in flow inertia caused by the asymmetry of the original two-stage corridor connection scheme; and effectively improves the uniformity of outflow from the branch corridors of the four-section gate chamber. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 A top view of the existing third-class water conveyance system with "180° lifting turn + two 45° horizontal turns";

[0024] Figure 2 A side view diagram of the existing third-class water conveyance system with "180° lifting turn + two 45° horizontal turns";

[0025] Figure 3 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of a Class III water conveyance system with a 180° lifting turn plus two 45° horizontal turns;

[0026] Figure 4 A top view of the layout of the third type of water conveyance system of this invention;

[0027] Figure 5 Side view schematic diagram of the layout of the third type of water conveyance system of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the layout of the third type of water conveyance system of this invention;

[0029] Figure 7 A comparative schematic diagram of the flow process Q2 in the secondary branch corridor 5 in the middle of the gate chamber and the flow process Q1 in the secondary branch corridor 6 at the end of the gate chamber in the existing technology;

[0030] Figure 8 A comparative schematic diagram of the flow process Q2 in the secondary branch corridor 5 and the flow process Q1 in the tertiary branch corridor 61 in the middle of the gate chamber of this invention;

[0031] Figure 9 A schematic diagram comparing the flow rate differences between the secondary branch corridor 5 in the middle of the gate chamber and the secondary branch corridor 6 at the end of the gate chamber in the prior art;

[0032] Figure 10 A schematic diagram comparing the flow rate differences between the secondary branch corridor 5 and the tertiary branch corridor 61 in the middle of the gate chamber of this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The following describes the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and provides a detailed description of the present invention.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] The present invention discloses a high-head ship lock with a multi-section lock chamber uniform flow distribution arrangement, including the following: main corridor 1, primary diversion port 2, primary branch corridor 3-1, secondary diversion port 4-3, secondary branch corridor 5 in the middle of the lock chamber, secondary straight-in corridor 3-2; tertiary diversion port 4-4, tertiary branch corridor 61, and outlet branch hole 7.

[0036] 1. The main corridor 1 ends at the primary diversion outlet 2, and the primary branch corridor 3-1 is connected downstream of the primary diversion outlet 2.

[0037] 2. The primary branch corridor 3-1 connects to the secondary diversion port 4-3 in the middle. The secondary diversion port 4-3 is a three-part structure, with the upper and lower layers equally divided. The upper layer after the division connects to a bidirectional 180° horizontal symmetrical turn, which divides the two gate chambers into the secondary branch corridor 5 in the middle of the plane.

[0038] 3. The lower level after equal division adopts a two-level straight-through corridor 3-2, and a three-level diversion outlet 4-4 is set at the end;

[0039] 4. The third-level diversion outlet 4-4 is a 45° upward-sloping corridor that connects to a two-way 180° horizontal symmetrical turn, which divides into two third-level branch corridors 6 in the plane;

[0040] 5. Water inlet and outlet branch holes for secondary and tertiary branch corridors 7.

[0041] The aforementioned bidirectional 180° horizontal symmetrical turn is a type of diversion outlet, with the diversion outlet appearing as an "m" shape when viewed from above; the middle vertical line of the "m" shape represents the upper-level corridor, while the two vertical lines on either side of the "m" shape represent the current-level corridor;

[0042] The diversion outlets are at the same elevation as the gate chamber and adopt a bidirectional 180° horizontal turn. Secondary diversion outlets 4-3 are located at 1 / 4 and 3 / 4 of the gate chamber, while secondary diversion outlets 4-4 are located at both ends of the gate chamber. (See...) Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 .

[0043] The specific arrangement is as follows: Water flows from the main water conveyance corridor 1 through the primary diversion port 2 for three-dimensional diversion, then enters the primary branch corridors 3-1 of the upper and lower half of the gate chamber. At 1 / 4 and 3 / 4 of the gate chamber length, the water flow is divided into upper and lower layers by horizontal baffles: the upper layer flows through the secondary diversion port 4-3, which divides the water flow evenly to the left and right sides, and then distributes the water flow to the secondary branch corridor 5 in the middle of the gate chamber through a staged 180° horizontal turn; the lower layer flows through the secondary straight-through corridor 3-2, and then through the tertiary diversion port 4-4, which divides the water flow evenly to the left and right sides, and then distributes the water flow to the tertiary branch corridor 6 located at the end of the gate chamber through a staged 180° horizontal turn. Finally, water is filled and discharged into the gate chamber through the outlet branch holes 7 at the top of the tertiary branch corridor.

[0044] At both the secondary diversion point 4-3 and the tertiary diversion point 4-4, the water flow makes a 180° turn. The identical turn design at both the secondary and tertiary diversion points ensures that the local resistance coefficients at the turning points are the same. Because the upper and lower water flows are separated in the middle of the gate chamber, the upper water flow is directly split and horizontally turned by the secondary diversion point located in the middle of the gate chamber, while the lower water flow is only split and horizontally turned by the tertiary diversion point at the end of the gate chamber.

[0045] After adopting the diversion outlet of this invention, the uniformity of outflow from the three-level branch corridors is significantly improved. As can be seen from the outflow process lines and flow difference process lines of the branch corridors, under the original diversion outlet type, the maximum flow difference between the branch corridors is 27 m³ / s. 3 / s, after the implementation of this invention, the maximum difference in flow rate of the branch corridor is only 6.5m. 3 / s, see Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 .

Claims

1. A branch corridor diversion type for a multi-section water conveyance system of a high-head ship lock, characterized in that: Includes the following: Main channel, primary diversion outlet, primary branch channel, secondary diversion outlet, secondary branch channel, secondary straight-in channel; tertiary diversion outlet, tertiary branch channel, outlet branch hole; The main corridor ends at a primary diversion point, and downstream of the primary diversion point, a primary branch corridor is connected. The primary branch corridor connects to the secondary diversion point in the middle. The secondary diversion point is a three-part structure, equally divided into upper and lower levels. The upper level, after being divided equally, connects to a bidirectional 180° horizontal symmetrical turn, which divides into two secondary branch corridors on the plane; The lower level, after being divided into equal sections, adopts a two-level straight-through corridor, with a three-level diversion outlet at the end; The third-level diversion outlet is a 45° upward-sloping corridor that connects to a two-way 180° horizontal symmetrical turn, dividing into two third-level branch corridors in plan. The secondary and tertiary branch corridors have water inlet and outlet branch holes.

2. The branch corridor diversion type of a multi-section water conveyance system for a high-head ship lock according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aforementioned bidirectional 180° horizontal symmetrical turn is a type of diversion outlet, with the diversion outlet in an "m" shape when viewed from above; the middle vertical line of the "m" shape represents the upper-level corridor, and the two vertical lines on either side of the "m" shape represent the current-level corridor.

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