A spatial near-field bidirectional electric energy transmission system

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of space near field bidirectional electric energy transmission systems, comprising: star outside power supply system is connected with the one end of bidirectional wireless energy transmission device and star outside load respectively by direct current constant voltage bus BUS1;Bidirectional wireless energy transmission device is connected with star inside PCU power supply system and star inside load respectively by direct current constant voltage bus BUS2;Star outside power supply system is used to supply energy to bidirectional wireless energy transmission device and star outside load by direct current constant voltage bus BUS1 during illumination;Bidirectional wireless energy transmission device is used to transmit energy to direct current constant voltage bus BUS2;Star inside PCU power supply system is used to adjust the voltage of direct current constant voltage bus BUS2, and supply power for star inside load by direct current constant voltage bus BUS2;Star inside PCU power supply system is also used to supply power for star inside load by direct current constant voltage bus BUS2 during shadow;Star outside load is supplied with power by bidirectional wireless energy transmission device and direct current constant voltage bus BUS1.The application can realize the purpose of bidirectional flow of star inside / outer energy in daytime / night.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of spatial near-field microwave wireless energy transmission, and in particular to a spatial near-field bidirectional power transmission system. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the increasing power and number of spacecraft payloads, the need for continuous energy resupply has become urgent. Microwave and laser energy transmission technologies offer long transmission distances, high transmission power, and the ability to power multiple targets on the move, providing a viable means for spacecraft energy resupply.

[0003] The space microwave wireless energy transmission system can transmit microwave energy of a certain power in free space, and efficiently synthesize and accurately control the microwave energy through the converter at the receiving end, so that the output bus voltage is stable within a certain range, while realizing the simulation of battery charge and discharge management.

[0004] Traditional wireless charging systems have a fixed power flow and a single working mode. Since satellites need to face long-term uninterrupted work during the day and at night when working in outer space, during the day, the satellite's solar panels can absorb solar energy and transmit the power forward to other on-board equipment through the designed wireless charging system for power replenishment. However, when the satellite is on the back side of the earth, that is, working at night, it is necessary to consider the battery inside the satellite to provide non-contact power to electrical equipment outside the satellite, which requires two-way wireless energy transmission technology.

[0005] Considering the particularity of the application scenarios, seeking a spatial near-field bidirectional power transmission technology is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a space near-field bidirectional power transmission system to achieve the purpose of bidirectional flow replenishment of energy inside / outside the satellite during the day / night.

[0007] In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0008] A space near-field bidirectional power transmission system comprises: an off-satellite power supply system 100, an off-satellite load 101, a DC constant voltage bus BUS1, a bidirectional wireless energy transmission device 200, a DC constant voltage bus BUS2, an on-satellite PCU power supply system 300 and an on-satellite load 301; the off-satellite power supply system 100 is connected to one end of the bidirectional wireless energy transmission device 200 and the off-satellite load 101 respectively through the DC constant voltage bus BUS1; the bidirectional wireless energy transmission device 200 is connected to the on-satellite PCU power supply system 300 and the on-satellite load 301 respectively through the DC constant voltage bus BUS2; the off-satellite power supply system 100 is used to transmit power to the on-satellite PCU power supply system 300 and the on-satellite load 301 during the illumination period through the DC constant voltage bus The DC constant voltage bus BUS1 supplies energy to the bidirectional wireless energy transmission device 200 and the off-satellite load 101; the bidirectional wireless energy transmission device 200 is used to transmit the energy to the DC constant voltage bus BUS2; the on-satellite PCU power supply system 300 is used to adjust the voltage of the DC constant voltage bus BUS2, and supply power to the on-satellite load 301 through the DC constant voltage bus BUS2; the on-satellite PCU power supply system 300 is also used to supply power to the on-satellite load 301 through the DC constant voltage bus BUS2 during the shadow period, and at the same time, supply power to the off-satellite load 101 through the bidirectional wireless energy transmission device 200 and the DC constant voltage bus BUS1.

[0009] Preferably, it further comprises: a power isolation diode D1, which is provided on the DC constant voltage bus BUS1 and located between the off-satellite power supply system 100 and the off-satellite load 101, for preventing current backflow.

[0010] Preferably, the bidirectional wireless energy transmission device 200 includes a first fully-controlled H-bridge 2021 and a second fully-controlled H-bridge 2022; the first fully-controlled H-bridge 2021 is used to perform DC / AC conversion on the DC amount provided by the DC constant-voltage bus BUS1 when energy is transmitted forward from the DC constant-voltage bus BUS1.

[0011] The second fully controlled H-bridge 2022 is used to perform AC / DC conversion on the alternating current transmitted back by the bidirectional wireless energy transmission device 200 and convert it into a constant current to output to the DC constant voltage bus BUS2.

[0012] The second fully-controlled H-bridge 2022 is further configured to perform DC / AC conversion on the DC energy provided by the DC constant-voltage bus BUS2 when energy is transmitted in reverse from the DC constant-voltage bus BUS2.

[0013] The first fully-controlled H-bridge 2021 is further configured to rectify the AC quantity transmitted back by the bidirectional wireless energy transmission device 200 and output the rectified AC quantity to the DC constant voltage bus BUS1.

[0014] Preferably, the bidirectional wireless energy transmission device 200 further includes: a first controller 2011 connected to the first fully-controlled H-bridge 2021; a second controller 2012 connected to the second fully-controlled H-bridge 2022; and a resonant network connected to the first fully-controlled H-bridge 2021 and the second fully-controlled H-bridge 2022, respectively.

[0015] During illumination, the first controller 2011 is used to control the primary excitation voltage of the resonant network by controlling the phase difference θ1 between the bridge arms in the first fully controlled H-bridge 2021 according to the first communication feedback signal between the primary and secondary sides. and secondary side excitation voltage The phase difference α, and when the secondary side excitation voltage of the resonant network The phase leads the primary excitation voltage of the resonant network When , energy is forwardly transmitted from the DC constant voltage bus BUS1 through the resonant network.

[0016] During the shadow period, the second controller 2012 is used to control the primary excitation voltage of the resonant network by controlling the phase difference θ2 between the bridge arms in the second fully controlled H-bridge 2022 according to the second communication feedback signal between the primary and secondary sides. and secondary side excitation voltage The phase difference α, and when the secondary side excitation voltage of the resonant network The phase lags behind the primary excitation voltage of the resonant network When the DC constant voltage bus BUS2 is connected to the resonant network, energy is reversely transmitted.

[0017] Preferably, the in-satellite PCU power supply system 300 includes: a shunt controller 305, a charge controller 302, a discharge regulator 303, and a battery pack 304. The shunt controller 305 has one end connected to the DC constant-voltage bus BUS2 and the other end grounded. The charge controller 302 has one end connected to the DC constant-voltage bus BUS2 and the other end connected to the battery pack 304. The discharge regulator 303 has one end connected to the DC constant-voltage bus BUS2 and the other end connected to the battery pack 304. The shunt controller 305 is used to control the bidirectional wireless energy transmission device 200 to transmit energy other than the off-satellite load 101 to charge the battery pack when the energy of the DC constant-voltage bus BUS2 is sufficient during the illumination period, the MEA value generated inside the on-satellite PCU power supply system increases, and the MEA value is in the shunt domain between the reference voltage Vref1 and the reference voltage Vref2. The excess energy is shunted to the ground. At this time, the voltage of the DC constant-voltage bus BUS2 is controlled by the shunt controller 305.

[0018] The charging controller 302 is used to control the bidirectional wireless energy transmission device 200 to transmit energy outside the off-satellite load 101 to charge the battery pack when the MEA value generated inside the on-satellite PCU power supply system increases during the illumination period and the MEA value is in the charging domain between the reference voltage Vref3 and the reference voltage Vref4. At this time, the voltage of the DC constant voltage bus BUS2 is controlled by the charging controller 302.

[0019] The discharge regulator 303 is used to control the battery pack 304 to supply power to the on-satellite load 301 when the MEA value decreases during the shadow period and the MEA value is in the discharge domain between the reference voltage Vref5 and the reference voltage Vref6; at the same time, energy is transmitted to the DC constant voltage bus BUS1 through the bidirectional wireless energy transmission device 200 to supply power to the off-satellite load 101. At this time, the voltage of the DC constant voltage bus BUS2 is controlled by the discharge controller 303.

[0020] Preferably, the MEA value is a control signal inside the in-satellite PCU power supply system, which is generated by the difference between the bus voltage on the DC constant voltage bus BUS2 and the set fixed bus reference voltage after passing through the error amplifier inside the in-satellite PCU power supply system.

[0021] The present invention has at least one of the following advantages:

[0022] The present invention provides a near-field, bidirectional power transmission system in space, whose input is an off-planet power supply system (including solar panels). During the sunlit period, the off-planet power supply system supplies power to off-planet payloads and transmits power to the on-planet constant-voltage DC bus BUS2 via a bidirectional wireless energy transmission device. During the shadow period, the on-planet PCU power supply system outputs energy to the DC constant-voltage bus BUS2. This DC constant-voltage bus BUS2 supplies power to on-planet payloads and simultaneously transmits power to the off-planet via the bidirectional wireless energy transmission device to fully meet the power needs of the off-planet payloads.

[0023] The present invention is widely applicable to energy platforms that require near-field bidirectional power transmission. It also has good scalability and is applicable to bidirectional wireless energy transmission systems of different power levels. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of the architecture of a spatial near-field bidirectional power transmission system provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the main structure of a bidirectional wireless energy transmission device provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the topology of an SS-type resonant network provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the main structure of the on-board PCU power supply system provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of the domain control technology for the on-board PCU power system provided by one embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following is a further detailed description of a spatial near-field bidirectional power transmission system proposed by the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. According to the following description, the advantages and features of the present invention will be clearer. It should be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and use non-precise proportions, which are only used to conveniently and clearly assist in explaining the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention. In order to make the purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, please refer to the drawings. It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in the drawings of this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification for people familiar with this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the conditions for the implementation of the present invention, so they have no technical substantive significance. Any structural modification, change in proportional relationship or adjustment of size, without affecting the efficacy and purpose that can be achieved by the present invention, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed by the present invention.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a spatial near-field bidirectional power transmission system, including:

[0031] Off-satellite power supply system 100, off-satellite load 101, DC constant voltage bus BUS1, bidirectional wireless energy transmission device 200, DC constant voltage bus BUS2, on-satellite PCU power supply system 300 and on-satellite load 301.

[0032] The off-satellite power supply system 100 is connected to one end of the bidirectional wireless energy transmission device 200 and the off-satellite load 101 through the DC constant voltage bus BUS1.

[0033] The bidirectional wireless energy transmission device 200 is connected to the in-satellite PCU power supply system 300 and the in-satellite load 301 respectively through the DC constant voltage bus BUS2.

[0034] The off-satellite power supply system 100 is used to supply energy to the bidirectional wireless energy transmission device 200 and the off-satellite load 101 through the DC constant voltage bus BUS1 during the illumination period;

[0035] The bidirectional wireless energy transmission device 200 is used to transmit the energy to the DC constant voltage bus BUS2;

[0036] The on-satellite PCU power supply system 300 is used to adjust the voltage of the DC constant voltage bus BUS2 and supply power to the on-satellite load 301 through the DC constant voltage bus BUS2;

[0037] The on-satellite PCU power supply system 300 is also used to power the on-satellite load 301 through the DC constant voltage bus BUS2 during the shadow period. At the same time, the on-satellite PCU power supply system 300 powers the off-satellite load 101 through the bidirectional wireless energy transmission device 200 and the DC constant voltage bus BUS1.

[0038] As can be seen, the input is the off-satellite power supply system (including solar panels). During the sunlit period, the off-satellite power supply system supplies power to the off-satellite payloads and transmits power to the on-satellite DC constant-voltage bus BUS2 via a bidirectional wireless energy transmission device. During the shadow period, the on-satellite PCU power system outputs energy to the DC constant-voltage bus BUS2. This DC constant-voltage bus BUS2 supplies power to the on-satellite payloads and simultaneously transmits power to the off-satellite via a bidirectional wireless energy transmission device to meet the power needs of the off-satellite payloads.

[0039] Please continue to refer to Figure 1 This embodiment also includes: a power isolation diode D1, which is arranged on the DC constant voltage bus BUS1, located between the off-satellite power supply system 100 and the off-satellite load 101, and is used to prevent current backflow and improve the reliability of the power supply system.

[0040] Please continue to refer to Figure 1 The bidirectional wireless energy transmission device 200 includes a first fully-controlled H-bridge 2021 and a second fully-controlled H-bridge 2022 .

[0041] The first fully-controlled H-bridge 2021 is used to perform DC / AC conversion on the DC quantity provided by the DC constant-voltage bus BUS1 when energy is transmitted in the forward direction to the right from the DC constant-voltage bus BUS1; when energy is transmitted to the right, the second fully-controlled H-bridge 2022 is used to perform AC / DC conversion on the AC quantity transmitted back by the bidirectional wireless energy transmission device 200 and convert it into a constant current to be output to the DC constant-voltage bus BUS2.

[0042] The second fully controlled H-bridge 2022 is also used to convert the DC energy provided by the DC constant voltage bus BUS2 into DC / AC energy when energy is transmitted from the DC constant voltage bus BUS2 to the left in the reverse direction.

[0043] The first fully controlled H-bridge 2021 is also used to perform AC / DC conversion on the alternating current transmitted back by the bidirectional wireless energy transmission device 200 and output the converted alternating current to the DC constant voltage bus BUS1 when energy is transmitted in the left reverse direction.

[0044] Please refer to Figures 1 to 2As shown, the first fully-controlled H-bridge 2021 is a fully-controlled H-bridge on the primary side, and the second fully-controlled H-bridge 2022 is a fully-controlled H-bridge on the secondary side.

[0045] The first fully-controlled H-bridge 2021 includes a first capacitor C11, a first N-type power switch tube Q1, a second N-type power switch tube Q2, a third N-type power switch tube Q3, and a fourth N-type power switch tube Q4;

[0046] The first capacitor C11 is connected to the DC constant voltage bus BUS1.

[0047] The first N-type power switch tube Q1 and the third N-type power switch tube Q3 form a first bridge arm;

[0048] The source of the first N-type power switch tube Q1 is connected to the drain of the third N-type power switch tube Q3.

[0049] The drain of the first N-type power switch tube Q1 is connected to the positive electrode of the DC constant voltage bus BUS1 , and the source of the third N-type power switch tube Q3 is connected to the negative electrode of the DC constant voltage bus BUS1 .

[0050] The second N-type power switch tube Q2 and the fourth N-type power switch tube Q4 form a second bridge arm;

[0051] The source of the second N-type power switch tube Q2 is connected to the drain of the fourth N-type power switch tube Q4.

[0052] The drain of the second N-type power switch tube Q2 is connected to the positive electrode of the DC constant voltage bus BUS1 , and the source of the fourth N-type power switch tube Q4 is connected to the negative electrode of the DC constant voltage bus BUS1 .

[0053] That is, the second bridge arm and the first bridge arm are connected in parallel, and the second bridge arm and the first bridge arm are connected to the resonant network.

[0054] The second fully controlled H-bridge includes a second capacitor C21, a fifth N-type power switch tube Q5, a sixth N-type power switch tube Q6, a seventh N-type power switch tube Q7, and an eighth N-type power switch tube Q8.

[0055] The fifth N-type power switch tube Q5 and the seventh N-type power switch tube Q7 form a third bridge arm, and the sixth N-type power switch tube Q6 and the eighth N-type power switch tube Q8 form a fourth bridge arm;

[0056] The third bridge arm, the fourth bridge arm, and the second capacitor C21 are connected in parallel, and the second capacitor C21 is connected to the DC constant voltage bus BUS2.

[0057] The source of the fifth N-type power switch tube Q5 is connected to the drain of the seventh N-type power switch tube Q7.

[0058] The drain of the fifth N-type power switch tube Q5 is connected to the positive electrode of the DC constant voltage bus BUS2 , and the source of the seventh N-type power switch tube Q7 is connected to the negative electrode of the DC constant voltage bus BUS2 .

[0059] The source of the sixth N-type power switch tube Q6 is connected to the drain of the eighth N-type power switch tube Q8.

[0060] The drain of the sixth N-type power switch tube Q6 is connected to the positive electrode of the DC constant-voltage bus BUS2 , and the source of the eighth N-type power switch tube Q8 is connected to the negative electrode of the DC constant-voltage bus BUS2 .

[0061] The third bridge arm and the fourth bridge arm are connected to the resonant network.

[0062] Please continue to refer to Figure 1 As shown, the bidirectional wireless energy transmission device 200 further includes: a first controller 2011 connected to the first fully-controlled H-bridge 2021 .

[0063] The second controller 2012 is connected to the second fully-controlled H-bridge 2022 .

[0064] A resonant network is connected to the first fully-controlled H-bridge 2021 and the second fully-controlled H-bridge 2022 respectively.

[0065] During illumination, the first controller 2011 is used to control the primary excitation voltage of the resonant network by controlling the phase difference θ1 between the bridge arms in the first fully controlled H-bridge 2021 according to the first communication feedback signal between the primary and secondary sides. and secondary side excitation voltage The phase difference α, and when the secondary side excitation voltage of the resonant network The phase leads the primary excitation voltage of the resonant network When , energy is transmitted from the DC constant voltage bus BUS1 to the right in a positive direction through the resonant network.

[0066] During the shadow period, the second controller 2012 is used to control the primary excitation voltage of the resonant network by controlling the phase difference θ2 between the bridge arms in the second fully controlled H-bridge 2022 according to the second communication feedback signal between the primary and secondary sides. and secondary side excitation voltage The phase difference α, and when the secondary side excitation voltage of the resonant network The phase lags behind the primary excitation voltage of the resonant network When , energy is transmitted from the DC constant voltage bus BUS2 to the left in the reverse direction through the resonant network.

[0067] The first communication feedback signal between the primary and secondary sides includes the primary and secondary side excitation voltages The phase difference α between them.

[0068] The second communication feedback signal between the primary and secondary sides includes the voltage sampling value of the DC constant voltage bus BUS2 and the excitation voltage of the primary and secondary sides of the resonant network. The phase difference α.

[0069] The first communication feedback signal and the second communication feedback signal are transmitted via wireless communication (such as WiFi, Bluetooth).

[0070] Please refer to Figure 2 The figure shows a simplified transmission structure diagram of bidirectional wireless power transmission. To ensure the bidirectional controllability and topological symmetry of the system, the primary and secondary sides use the same resonant network (such as Figure 3 As shown in the figure), the high-frequency conversion links are all implemented with a fully controlled H-bridge.

[0071] Please refer to Figure 3 The resonant network includes a primary resonant network and a secondary resonant network. The primary resonant network includes a first resonant capacitor C1 and a first resonant inductor L1. The first resonant capacitor C1 and the first resonant inductor L1 are connected in series, wherein: The working principle of the primary resonant network includes: when the first resonant capacitor C1 discharges, the first resonant inductor L1 begins to have a reverse kickback current, and the first resonant inductor L1 charges. When the voltage of the first resonant inductor L1 reaches the maximum, the first resonant capacitor C1 is discharged, and then the first resonant inductor L1 starts to discharge, and the first resonant capacitor C1 starts to charge. This reciprocating operation is called resonance. During this process, the first resonant inductor L1 generates electromagnetic waves due to the continuous charging and discharging. The circuit oscillation phenomenon may gradually disappear or continue to remain unchanged. When the oscillation continues to maintain, it is called constant amplitude oscillation, also known as resonance. The current generated in this process is the resonant current of the primary side.

[0072] The resonant network of the secondary side includes: a second resonant inductor L2 and a second resonant capacitor C2. The second resonant inductor L2 and the second resonant capacitor C2 are connected in series. is the secondary side resonant current. The working principle is the same as that of the primary side resonant network and will not be repeated here.

[0073] Please continue to refer to Figure 3 , is the primary excitation voltage of the resonant network, is the secondary excitation voltage of the resonant network, and M is the coupling inductance between the two resonant inductors L1 and L2. The resonant network operates in full resonant mode, and its voltage excitation angular frequency is related to the resonant capacitor and the resonant inductor:

[0074]

[0075] Wherein, the voltage excitation angular frequency ω, L1 is the first resonant inductor, C1 is the first resonant capacitor, L2 is the second resonant inductor, and C2 is the second resonant capacitor.

[0076] The relationship between the voltage and current on the primary and secondary sides of the resonant network is:

[0077]

[0078] Where, j represents the imaginary part;

[0079] The transmission power of the system is:

[0080]

[0081] Where: * represents conjugate, α is the phase difference between the primary excitation voltage of the resonant network and the secondary excitation voltage of the resonant network, U1 represents the amplitude of the primary excitation voltage of the resonant network, and U2 represents the amplitude of the secondary excitation voltage of the resonant network.

[0082] The resonant circuit topology of bidirectional wireless power transmission is an important component of the near-field bidirectional wireless power transmission system, which is directly related to the system properties such as transmission efficiency, power factor, power density, input and output characteristics. In order to achieve reliable and efficient wireless power transmission in the near field, the SS compensation topology (i.e. Figure 3 The SS compensation topology is a resonant circuit topology for near-field bidirectional wireless power transfer (see Figure 1). This topology has a small number of resonant components, resulting in a simple structure and high stability. Furthermore, the SS compensation topology is compact, has low losses, and enables soft switching of the inverter, resulting in high system efficiency and power density.

[0083] because Figure 3 The resonant network shown has the characteristics of bandpass filtering. In this system, only the fundamental component can be considered, so the square wave or quasi-square wave voltage used to excite the resonant network is equivalent to an AC voltage source (the primary excitation voltage of the resonant network). ) and the equivalent secondary AC voltage source (resonant network secondary excitation voltage ),like Figure 3 The first fully controlled H-bridge 2021 can be Figure 1 The first controller 2011 in the first fully controlled H-bridge adjusts the phase difference between the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm to control the equivalent amplitude of its output voltage, thereby adjusting the phase difference of the primary and secondary side excitation voltages of the resonant network.

[0084] Similarly, the second fully controlled H-bridge 2022 can be Figure 1 The second controller 2012 adjusts the phase difference between the third bridge arm and the fourth bridge arm of the second fully controlled H-bridge to control the equivalent amplitude of its output voltage, thereby adjusting the phase difference of the primary and secondary side excitation voltages of the resonant network.

[0085] Therefore, the amplitude and phase difference of the excitation voltage on the primary and secondary sides of the resonant network can be controlled, thus realizing bidirectional wireless power transmission. When energy is transmitted bidirectionally, in order to make the resonant network work stably in the resonant state: when energy is transmitted in the right positive direction, the excitation voltage on the primary side of the resonant network is and the excitation voltage of the secondary side of the resonant network The phase difference α is controlled to be fixed at +90°; when the energy is transmitted in the reverse direction to the left, the excitation voltage of the primary side of the resonant network is and the excitation voltage of the secondary side of the resonant network The phase difference α is controlled to be fixed at -90°.

[0086] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the PCU power supply system 300 in the satellite includes: a shunt controller 305, a charge controller 302, a discharge regulator 303 and a battery pack 304;

[0087] One end of the shunt controller 305 is connected to the DC constant voltage bus BUS2, and the other end thereof is grounded.

[0088] One end of the charging controller 302 is connected to the DC constant voltage bus BUS2, and the other end is connected to the battery pack 304.

[0089] One end of the discharge regulator 303 is connected to the DC constant voltage bus BUS2, and the other end is connected to the battery pack 304;

[0090] The MEA value is a control signal inside the PCU power system 300 within the satellite, and is generated by the difference between the voltage of the DC constant voltage bus BUS2 of the PCU power system 300 and the set fixed bus reference voltage after passing through the error amplifier inside the power system 300.

[0091] The shunt controller 305 is used to control the bidirectional wireless energy transmission device 200 to transmit energy other than the off-satellite load 101 to charge the battery pack when the energy of the DC constant-voltage bus BUS2 is sufficient during the illumination period, the MEA value generated inside the on-satellite PCU power supply system increases, and the MEA value is in the shunt domain between the reference voltage Vref1 and the reference voltage Vref2. The excess energy is shunted to the ground. At this time, the voltage of the DC constant-voltage bus BUS2 is controlled by the shunt controller 305.

[0092] The charging controller 302 is used to control the bidirectional wireless energy transmission device 200 to transmit energy outside the off-site load 101 to charge the battery pack when the MEA value increases during the illumination period and the MEA value is in the charging domain between the reference voltage Vref3 and the reference voltage Vref4. At this time, the voltage of the DC constant voltage bus BUS2 is controlled by the charging controller 302.

[0093] The discharge regulator 303 is used to control the battery pack 304 to supply power to the on-satellite load 301 when the MEA value decreases during the shadow period and the MEA value is in the discharge domain between the reference voltage Vref5 and the reference voltage Vref6; at the same time, energy is transmitted to the DC constant voltage bus BUS1 through the bidirectional wireless energy transmission device 200 to supply power to the off-satellite load 101. At this time, the voltage of the DC constant voltage bus BUS2 is controlled by the discharge controller 303.

[0094] Specifically, a unified MEA (error amplifier) ​​controls and manages the on-board PCU power system. Operation is determined based on the MEA signal (MEA value) range and the set operating range of the DC constant-voltage bus BUS2, allowing for operation within different domains (diversion, charging, and discharging). To prevent fluctuations in MEA signal interference from causing oscillations in adjacent operating domains, impacting system stability and reliability, a buffer zone is added between adjacent domains (charging and discharging) to mitigate the impact of interference.

[0095] During the illumination period, the off-satellite power supply system supplies power to the off-satellite payload and supplies power to the on-satellite system through the bidirectional wireless energy transmission device. When the energy is sufficient, the MEA value increases, such as Figure 5 As shown, the MEA value is in the current-dividing domain and the charging domain between the reference voltage Vref1 and the reference voltage Vref4, and the energy is used to supply power to the satellite load. At the same time, the excess energy is passed through Figure 4 The charging regulator in the battery pack charges the battery pack; when the energy is insufficient, the MEA value is less than the reference voltage Vref5 and is in the discharge domain. At this time, the battery pack passes Figure 4 The discharge regulator in the satellite releases energy to the DC constant voltage bus BUS2. At this time, the off-satellite power supply system and the battery pack jointly supply power to the on-satellite load to meet the load power demand.

[0096] During the shadow period, the extraterrestrial power supply system is insufficient in energy or loses its power supply capability, and the MEA value is in the discharge region. Figure 4 The battery pack of the PCU power system in the satellite supplies power to the on-satellite loads through the discharge regulator to meet the load power demand. At the same time, it transmits energy to the DC constant voltage bus BUS1 through the bidirectional wireless energy transmission device to supply power to the off-satellite loads to meet the off-satellite load power demand.

[0097] This embodiment provides a space near-field bidirectional power transmission system, the input of which is an off-satellite power supply energy system (including solar panels). During the illumination period, the power supply system transmits power to the on-satellite loads, and during the shadow period, the on-satellite PCU power supply system outputs energy to the DC constant voltage bus BUS2. The DC constant voltage bus BUS2 supplies power to the on-satellite loads, and at the same time transmits power to the off-satellite through a bidirectional wireless energy transmission device to fully meet the power needs of the off-satellite loads. The bidirectional wireless power supply system topology proposed by the present invention can realize the bidirectional flow of energy replenishment for on-satellite loads / off-satellite loads during the day and at night.

[0098] This embodiment is widely applicable to energy platforms that require near-field bidirectional power transmission. It also has good scalability and is applicable to bidirectional wireless energy transmission systems of different power levels.

[0099] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply the existence of any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article, or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or device. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or device comprising the element.

[0100] It should be noted that the devices and methods disclosed in the embodiments of this document may also be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the possible architectures, functions, and operations of the devices, methods, and computer program products according to the various embodiments of this document. In this regard, each box in the flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, program, or portion of code, wherein the module, program segment, or portion of code contains one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function, and the module, program segment, or portion of code contains one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions marked in the boxes may also occur in an order different from that marked in the accompanying drawings. For example, two consecutive boxes may actually be executed substantially in parallel, or they may sometimes be executed in the opposite order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each box in the block diagram and / or flowchart, and the combination of boxes in the block diagram and / or flowchart, may be implemented by a dedicated hardware-based system for performing the specified function or action, or may be implemented by a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0101] In addition, the functional modules in the various embodiments of this document may be integrated together to form an independent part, or each module may exist independently, or two or more modules may be integrated to form an independent part.

[0102] Although the present invention has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, it should be understood that the above description is not intended to limit the present invention. After reading the above description, various modifications and substitutions of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A spatial near-field bidirectional power transmission system, characterized in that: include: An off-satellite power supply system (100), an off-satellite load (101), a DC constant voltage bus BUS1, a bidirectional wireless energy transmission device (200), a DC constant voltage bus BUS2, an on-satellite PCU power supply system (300), and an on-satellite load (301); The off-satellite power supply system (100) is connected to one end of the bidirectional wireless energy transmission device (200) and the off-satellite load (101) respectively via the DC constant voltage bus BUS1; The bidirectional wireless energy transmission device (200) is connected to the in-satellite PCU power supply system (300) and the in-satellite load (301) respectively through the DC constant voltage bus BUS2; The off-satellite power supply system (100) is used to supply energy to the bidirectional wireless energy transmission device (200) and the off-satellite load (101) through the DC constant voltage bus BUS1 during an illumination period; The bidirectional wireless energy transmission device (200) is used to transmit the energy to the DC constant voltage bus BUS2; The on-satellite PCU power supply system (300) is used to adjust the voltage of the DC constant voltage bus BUS2 and supply power to the on-satellite load (301) via the DC constant voltage bus BUS2; The on-satellite PCU power supply system (300) is further configured to supply power to the on-satellite load (301) via the DC constant voltage bus BUS2 during a shadow period. At the same time, power is supplied to the off-satellite load (101) through the bidirectional wireless energy transmission device (200) and the DC constant voltage bus BUS1; The bidirectional wireless energy transmission device (200) comprises: a first fully-controlled H-bridge (2021), a second fully-controlled H-bridge (2022), a first controller (2011), and a second controller (2012); The first controller (2011) is connected to the first fully-controlled H-bridge (2021); The second controller (2012) is connected to the second fully-controlled H-bridge (2022); a resonant network connected to the first fully-controlled H-bridge (2021) and the second fully-controlled H-bridge (2022), respectively; During illumination, the first controller (2011) is used to control the primary excitation voltage of the resonant network by controlling the phase difference θ1 between the bridge arms in the first fully controlled H-bridge (2021) according to the first communication feedback signal between the primary and secondary sides. and secondary side excitation voltage The phase difference α, and when the secondary side excitation voltage of the resonant network The phase leads the primary excitation voltage of the resonant network When , energy is forwardly transmitted from the DC constant voltage bus BUS1 through the resonant network; During the shadow period, the second controller (2012) is used to control the primary excitation voltage of the resonant network by controlling the phase difference θ2 between the bridge arms in the second fully controlled H-bridge (2022) according to the second communication feedback signal between the primary and secondary sides. and secondary side excitation voltage The phase difference α, and when the secondary side excitation voltage of the resonant network The phase lags behind the primary excitation voltage of the resonant network When the DC constant voltage bus BUS2 is connected to the resonant network, energy is reversely transmitted.

2. The spatial near-field bidirectional power transmission system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first fully controlled H-bridge (2021) is used for performing DC / AC conversion on the DC amount provided by the DC constant voltage bus BUS1 when energy is transmitted in the forward direction from the DC constant voltage bus BUS1; The second fully controlled H-bridge (2022) is used to convert the alternating current transmitted back by the bidirectional wireless energy transmission device (200) into a constant current after performing AC / DC conversion and output it to the DC constant voltage bus BUS2; The second fully controlled H-bridge (222) is further configured to perform DC / AC conversion on the DC energy provided by the DC constant voltage bus BUS2 when energy is transmitted in reverse from the DC constant voltage bus BUS2; The first fully controlled H-bridge (2021) is further used to rectify the AC quantity transmitted back by the bidirectional wireless energy transmission device (200) and output the resultant to the DC constant voltage bus BUS1.

3. The spatial near-field bidirectional power transmission system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A power isolation diode D1 is provided on the DC constant voltage bus BUS1 and is located between the off-satellite power supply system (100) and the off-satellite load (101) to prevent current backflow.

4. The spatial near-field bidirectional power transmission system according to claim 1, wherein: The on-board PCU power supply system (300) includes: a shunt controller (305), a charge controller (302), a discharge regulator (303) and a battery pack (304); One end of the shunt controller (305) is connected to the DC constant voltage bus BUS2, and the other end thereof is grounded. One end of the charging controller (302) is connected to the DC constant voltage bus BUS2, and the other end is connected to the battery pack (304). One end of the discharge regulator (303) is connected to the DC constant voltage bus BUS2, and the other end is connected to the battery pack (304); The shunt controller (305) is used to control the energy other than that of the off-satellite load (101) transmitted by the bidirectional wireless energy transmission device (200) to charge the battery pack (304) when the energy of the DC constant voltage bus BUS2 is sufficient during the illumination period and the MEA value generated inside the on-satellite PCU power supply system increases and the MEA value is in the shunt domain between the reference voltage Vref1 and the reference voltage Vref2, and the excess energy is shunted to the ground. At this time, the voltage of the DC constant voltage bus BUS2 is controlled by the shunt controller (305); The charging controller (302) is used for controlling the bidirectional wireless energy transmission device (200) to transmit energy other than the off-satellite load (101) to charge the battery pack when the MEA value generated inside the on-satellite PCU power supply system increases during the illumination period and the MEA value is in the charging domain between the reference voltage Vref3 and the reference voltage Vref4. At this time, the charging controller (302) controls the voltage of the DC constant voltage bus BUS2. The discharge regulator (303) is used for controlling the battery pack (304) to supply power to the on-satellite load (301) when the MEA value decreases during the shadow period and the MEA value is in the discharge domain between the reference voltage Vref5 and the reference voltage Vref6; and at the same time, transmitting energy to the DC constant voltage bus BUS1 through the bidirectional wireless energy transmission device (200) to supply power to the off-satellite load (101), and at this time, the voltage of the DC constant voltage bus BUS2 is controlled by the discharge regulator (303).

5. The spatial near-field bidirectional power transmission system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The MEA value is a control signal inside the on-satellite PCU power supply system, and is generated by the difference between the bus voltage on the DC constant voltage bus BUS2 and the set fixed bus reference voltage after passing through the error amplifier inside the on-satellite PCU power supply system.

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