A construction waste foam brick and light material separation device

Abstract

The invention discloses a construction waste foam brick and light material sorting equipment, comprising a plurality of staggered sorting conveyor belts which are arranged obliquely and convey in a direction from bottom to top, wherein the sorted mixed material falls onto the sorting conveyor belt from the middle section of the conveying surface; from top to bottom: the material falling from the lower end of the sorting conveyor belt of the odd number layer enters the conveying surface of the sorting conveyor belt of the next even number layer, and the material falling from the upper end of the sorting conveyor belt of the odd number layer directly enters the light material aggregate area; from top to bottom: the material falling from the lower end of the sorting conveyor belt of the even number layer directly enters the foamed concrete aggregate area, and the material falling from the upper end of the sorting conveyor belt of the even number layer enters the conveying surface of the sorting conveyor belt of the next odd number layer; the sorting equipment of the invention performs sorting according to the different structures of the foamed concrete and light material wastes such as paper pieces, rags, plastic pieces, wood chips, etc., and in the non-horizontal surface conveying, the moving speeds and moving modes are different, so as to achieve the purpose of high sorting rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of building waste sorting, and more specifically relates to a building waste foam brick and light material sorting device. Background Art

[0002] In the treatment of construction and decoration waste, it is necessary to sort various types of waste of different volumes, different masses, different uses, different properties, different densities, etc. Generally, because construction and decoration waste contains a large amount of foamed concrete, and because foamed concrete is non-combustible and can be used again as raw materials or auxiliary materials for other building materials, the most common method in construction and decoration waste is to separate the sand, gravel, formwork, iron products, steel bars, rags, paper, plastic and other non-usable garbage in building aggregates from recyclable aggregates such as foamed concrete through various methods such as water selection, wind selection, magnetic separation, and vibration. However, since foamed concrete contains a large number of bubbles and has a low density, it is difficult to separate and sort light material impurities such as paper, rags, plastic, and sawdust from foamed concrete, which hinders the recycling and reuse of foamed concrete. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a construction waste foam brick and light material sorting equipment, which can achieve a high sorting rate by sorting foamed concrete and light material waste such as paper pieces, rags, plastic pieces, sawdust, etc. according to the different structures of foamed concrete and light material waste such as paper pieces, rags, plastic pieces, sawdust, etc., at different movement speeds and movement modes during non-horizontal transportation.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is a construction waste foam brick and light material sorting equipment, including a sorting conveyor belt whose conveying surface is arranged at an acute angle to the horizontal plane, the conveying direction of the sorting conveyor belt is from bottom to top, and the sorted mixed material falls onto the sorting conveyor belt from the middle position of the conveying surface, the upper end of the sorting conveyor belt is connected to the light material aggregate area, and the lower end is connected to the foamed concrete aggregate area.

[0005] Preferably, the sorting conveyor belt is staggered in upper and lower positions with several layers; from top to bottom: the mixed material dropped from the lower end of the odd-numbered sorting conveyor belt enters the middle position on the conveying surface of the next even-numbered sorting conveyor belt, and the material dropped from the upper end of the odd-numbered sorting conveyor belt directly enters the light material aggregate area; from top to bottom: the material dropped from the lower end of the even-numbered sorting conveyor belt directly enters the foamed concrete aggregate area, and the mixed material dropped from the upper end of the even-numbered sorting conveyor belt enters the middle position on the conveying surface of the next odd-numbered sorting conveyor belt.

[0006] Preferably, the materials falling from the upper end of the lowest sorting conveyor belt directly enter the light material aggregate area, and the materials falling from the lower end of the lowest sorting conveyor belt directly enter the foamed concrete aggregate area.

[0007] Preferably, from top to bottom, the angle between the conveying surface of the odd-numbered layers of the sorting conveyor belt and the horizontal plane is greater than the angle between the conveying surface of the even-numbered layers of the sorting conveyor belt and the horizontal plane.

[0008] Preferably, from top to bottom, a material guide baffle is provided at the lower end of the odd-numbered layer sorting conveyor belt, and the upper end of the odd-numbered layer sorting conveyor belt is connected to a light material guide box, and the light material aggregate area is arranged at the lower part of the light material guide box; from top to bottom, the lower end of the even-numbered layer sorting conveyor belt is connected to a foamed concrete material guide box, and the foamed concrete aggregate area is arranged at the lower part of the foamed concrete material guide box; the light material aggregate area and the foamed concrete aggregate area are respectively provided with discharge conveyor belts.

[0009] Preferably, a vibrating feeder is provided on the upper part of the first-layer sorting conveyor belt, and the discharge port of the vibrating feeder is placed in the middle of the first-layer sorting conveyor belt.

[0010] Preferably, the conveying surface of the vibrating feeder is wavy.

[0011] Preferably, the conveying surface of the sorting conveyor belt is wavy.

[0012] Preferably, the sorting conveyor belt is provided with a cross bar perpendicular to the conveying direction, and the length of the cross bar is adapted to the width of the sorting conveyor belt.

[0013] Preferably, the angle between the conveying surface of the sorting conveyor belt and the horizontal is adjustable.

[0014] The beneficial effects of a construction waste foamed brick and light material sorting device of the technical solution of the present invention are:

[0015] 1. By setting a sorting conveyor belt with an acute angle between the conveying surface and the horizontal plane and the conveying direction from bottom to top, the foamed concrete and light material waste can be sorted. The foamed concrete rolls on the non-horizontal surface and falls from the lower end of the sorting conveyor belt. The light material waste is not easy to roll and is driven upward by the sorting conveyor belt. Finally, it falls at the upper end of the sorting conveyor belt to achieve sorting. At the same time, in order to ensure that the light material and the foamed concrete are completely separated, it is necessary to ensure that during sorting, the mixed material falls from the middle section of the conveying surface onto the sorting conveyor belt, providing sufficient movement and sorting distance for the light material and the foamed concrete, so as to achieve sorting and improve the sorting rate.

[0016] 2. Taking the above-mentioned sorting conveyor belt with conveying direction from bottom to top as the basic model, in order to improve the sorting efficiency, the number of sorting conveyor belt layers is appropriately increased, that is, the sorting conveyor belt is staggered in upper and lower positions and has several layers; from top to bottom: the mixed material falling from the lower end of the odd-numbered sorting conveyor belt enters the conveying surface of the next even-numbered sorting conveyor belt, and the material falling from the upper end of the odd-numbered sorting conveyor belt directly enters the light material aggregate area; from top to bottom: the material falling from the lower end of the even-numbered sorting conveyor belt directly enters the foamed concrete aggregate area, and the mixed material falling from the upper end of the even-numbered sorting conveyor belt enters the conveying surface of the next odd-numbered sorting conveyor belt; further sorting of foamed concrete and light material garbage is achieved, the sorting efficiency is improved, and some larger light materials are prevented from being entrained or pushed downward by the foamed concrete, and are sorted while mixed in the foamed concrete, and are sorted through multiple layers of sorting conveyor belts, thereby improving the sorting efficiency and the sorting net rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a construction waste foam brick and light material separation device according to the technical solution of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is an enlarged view of the sorting conveyor belt layout and a schematic diagram of the sorting material falling.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sorting conveyor belt.

[0020] Figure 4 for Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the cross section of the sorting conveyor belt in FIG. 1 is also a schematic diagram of the structure of the sorting conveyor belt embodiment 1.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the sorting conveyor belt.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the sorting conveyor belt.

[0023] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the fourth embodiment of the sorting conveyor belt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to facilitate those skilled in the art to understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the specification.

[0025] like Figure 1As shown, the technical solution of the present invention is a construction waste foam brick and light material sorting equipment, including a frame, a ladder guardrail, etc., on which a sorting conveyor belt 1 with a conveying surface arranged at an acute angle to the horizontal plane can be detachably fixed, and the conveying direction of the sorting conveyor belt 1 is from bottom to top, and the upper end of the sorting conveyor belt 1 is connected to a light material aggregate area 2, and the lower end is connected to a foamed concrete aggregate area 3. At the same time, in order to ensure that the light material is completely separated from the foamed concrete, it is necessary to ensure that during sorting, the mixed material falls onto the sorting conveyor belt from the middle section of the conveying surface, providing sufficient movement and sorting distance for the light material and the foamed concrete, realizing sorting, and improving the sorting rate.

[0026] Based on the above technical solution, foamed concrete and light-weight waste in construction waste can be separated. The overall structure of foamed concrete is spherical, circular or approximately spherical or circular three-dimensional, which can roll on a non-horizontal surface (inclined surface) and fall from the lower end of the separation conveyor belt. Light-weight waste is mostly flat, strip-shaped or sheet-shaped, and is not easy to roll. It is driven upward by the separation conveyor belt and finally falls at the upper end of the separation conveyor belt, thereby separating foamed concrete from light-weight waste.

[0027] In this technical solution, the sorting conveyor belt 1 with the conveying direction from bottom to top as described in the above paragraph is used as the basic model. In order to improve the sorting efficiency, the number of sorting conveyor belt layers is appropriately increased, that is, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the sorting conveyor belt 1 is staggered in upper and lower positions and has several layers. From top to bottom, the sorting conveyor belts of the first layer, the third layer, the fifth layer, etc. are defined as odd-numbered sorting conveyor belts 11, and the sorting conveyor belts of the second layer, the fourth layer, etc. are defined as even-numbered sorting conveyor belts 12. Figure 1 and Figure 2 It can be seen that the lower end of the last odd-numbered sorting conveyor belt is located at the middle upper position of the conveying surface of the next even-numbered sorting conveyor belt. This can achieve: the mixed material (including foamed concrete and light-weight garbage) dropped from the lower end of the odd-numbered sorting conveyor belt 11 enters the middle position on the conveying surface of the next even-numbered sorting conveyor belt 12, and the material 100 (light-weight garbage) dropped from the upper end of the odd-numbered sorting conveyor belt directly enters the light-weight aggregate area; from top to bottom: the material 200 (foamed concrete) dropped from the lower end of the even-numbered sorting conveyor belt 12 directly enters the foamed concrete aggregate area, and the mixed material dropped from the upper end of the even-numbered sorting conveyor belt enters the middle position on the conveying surface of the next odd-numbered sorting conveyor belt. That is, it ensures that the mixed material dropped from the lower end of the upper conveyor belt enters the middle position on the conveying surface of the lower conveyor belt, so that the light-weight and foamed concrete in the mixed material have sufficient movement distance on the lower conveyor belt, so as to achieve sorting and improve sorting efficiency and sorting rate.

[0028] Based on the above technical solution, multiple sorting is performed by using several layers of sorting conveyor belts arranged in staggered positions. First, the sorting conveyor belts of the upper layer or several layers sort out the foamed concrete with larger volume and rounder shape, and at the same time sort out the light-weight waste with larger length or width. The sorting conveyor belts of the lower layer or several layers sort out the foamed concrete with smaller volume and shape that cannot be in a regular round or spherical shape, and at the same time sort out the light-weight waste with smaller volume, lighter weight, smaller length or width. In summary, this achieves the complete separation of foamed concrete and light-weight waste in construction waste.

[0029] No matter how many layers of the sorting conveyor belt are set, the materials falling from the upper end of the lowest sorting conveyor belt directly enter the light material aggregate area 2, and the materials falling from the lower end of the lowest sorting conveyor belt directly enter the foamed concrete aggregate area 3, ultimately realizing the complete collection of light materials and foamed concrete, that is, realizing the complete sorting of the mixed materials.

[0030] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, from top to bottom, the angle between the conveying surface of the odd-numbered sorting conveyor belt and the horizontal plane is greater than the angle between the conveying surface of the even-numbered sorting conveyor belt and the horizontal plane, that is, the odd-numbered sorting conveyor belt is set at a large angle, and the even-numbered sorting conveyor belt is set at a small angle. The large angle setting is conducive to the material rolling down, and this state is conducive to the sorting rate of light materials, because light materials are generally flat and flaky, and materials of this shape are not easy to roll, which is conducive to the upward movement of the sorting conveyor belt. Foamed bricks are generally three-dimensional and easy to roll. The larger the angle, the more obvious the rolling. Therefore, in this state, the materials that can be driven upward by the sorting conveyor belt are all light materials. The sorting conveyor belt machine set at a small angle is not conducive to the rolling of materials, so those that can still roll down in this state are generally foamed concrete. It can be seen that the use of sorting conveyor belts with large and small angles staggered for sorting can effectively improve the sorting rate of foamed concrete and light material waste in construction waste. Moreover, the sorting equipment is energy-saving and environmentally friendly. It does not produce wastewater, waste gas, etc. during sorting. The sorting operation is simple, energy-saving and cost-reducing, and it is conducive to promotion and use.

[0031] like Figure 1As shown, from top to bottom, the lower end of the odd-numbered layer sorting conveyor belt 11 is provided with a material guide baffle 7, the upper end of the odd-numbered layer sorting conveyor belt is connected to a light material guide box 4, and the light material collection area 2 is provided at the lower part of the light material guide box 4. From top to bottom, the lower end of the even-numbered layer sorting conveyor belt 12 is connected to a foamed concrete guide box 5, and the foamed concrete collection area 3 is provided at the lower part of the foamed concrete guide box 5. The light material collection area 2 and the foamed concrete collection area 3 are respectively provided with a discharge conveyor belt, and the discharge conveyor belts convey the sorted light material and foamed concrete respectively. The upper end (light material sorting discharge end) of the odd-numbered layer sorting conveyor belt is arranged on the same side of the frame, and is connected to the light material guide box 4, and the lower end (foamed concrete sorting discharge end) of the even-numbered layer sorting conveyor belt is arranged on the same side of the frame, and is connected to the foamed concrete guide box 5, which is conducive to the collection of the sorted materials and the arrangement of each structure on the frame.

[0032] like Figure 1 A vibrating feeder 6 is arranged on the upper part of the first layer of sorting conveyor belt, and the discharge port of the vibrating feeder 6 is placed in the middle of the first layer of sorting conveyor belt. The conveying surface of the vibrating feeder 6 is wavy, and specifically the conveying surface of the vibrating feeder 6 is a V-shaped wavy surface. The setting of the vibrating feeder 6 is conducive to the uniform entry of materials into the first layer of sorting conveyor belt, avoiding the accumulation of materials, and avoiding some small light-weight garbage being carried by multiple foamed concretes and rolling down synchronously. In order to further ensure that the mixed material can enter the first layer of sorting conveyor belt evenly by the vibrating feeder 6, the wave groove width of the V-shaped wave surface of the vibrating feeder should be consistent with and corresponding to the wave groove width of the first layer of sorting conveyor belt, so as to facilitate the introduction of strip materials. The material can immediately enter the sorting state when entering the first layer of sorting conveyor belt, the large foamed concrete rolls down, and the small light-weight garbage is driven to move upward. Because the mixed materials on the first-layer sorting conveyor belt are relatively concentrated, interference is obvious during the material sorting process. Therefore, the first-layer sorting conveyor belt is set at a large angle to sort only some light materials that are easy to sort. The remaining mixed materials fall from the lower end of the first-layer sorting conveyor belt into the second-layer conveyor belt for further sorting.

[0033] like Figure 3 As shown, the sorting conveyor belt 1 is provided with a cross bar 10 perpendicular to the conveying direction, and the length of the cross bar 10 is adapted to the width of the sorting conveyor belt 1. The cross bar 10 is provided to prevent the sheet material from sliding down and prevent the light material garbage from sliding down quickly with the foamed concrete. The cross bar 10 is provided at a relatively low height and is only used to prevent the light material from sliding down, and will not affect the rolling foamed concrete.

[0034] like Figures 3 to 7 As shown, the conveying surface of the sorting conveyor belt 1 is wavy, and specifically can be as follows Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 The shape shown in the figure, that is, there is a groove structure parallel to the conveying direction on the conveying surface of the sorting conveyor belt 1, and the groove structure is used to limit the rolling of the long strips of light material garbage. At the same time, some small light material garbage is conveyed upward in the groove structure, and is also prevented from being pushed downward by the rolling foamed concrete, thereby improving the sorting rate.

[0035] In the present technical solution, the angle between the conveying surface of the sorting conveyor belt 1 and the horizontal is adjustable, that is, the installation angle of the sorting conveyor belt is adjustable. Generally, one end of the sorting conveyor belt is fixed, and a liftable support frame is provided at the other end. In this way, the angle between the conveying surface of the sorting conveyor belt 1 and the horizontal is adjustable to adapt to the sorting of different materials.

[0036] The principle of the technical solution of the present invention is: the mixed material falls into the middle of the sorting conveyor belt, and is sorted according to the shape characteristics of the material. The upper end of the sorting conveyor belt sorts out light materials such as flakes and strips that are not conducive to rolling, and the lower end of the conveyor belt sorts out three-dimensional foamed concrete that is easy to roll. From top to bottom, the odd-numbered layers of the sorting conveyor belt are set at a large angle, which is conducive to the sorting rate of light materials. This large-angle three-dimensional material is more likely to roll, so the sorting rate of the sorted light materials is relatively high; the even-numbered layers of the sorting conveyor belt are set at a small angle, which is not conducive to the rolling of three-dimensional objects. If the material can still roll at this angle, it is basically more circular foamed concrete. In this way, the sorting rate of the foamed concrete sorted by the even-numbered layers of the sorting conveyor belt is relatively high. In this way, through multiple odd and even layers of continuous sorting, the final overall material sorting rate will reach a higher level. At the same time, extending the length of the sorting conveyor belt as much as possible is also conducive to improving the sorting rate.

[0037] The technical solution of the present invention is described above in combination with the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned method. As long as various non-substantial improvements are made using the method concept and technical solution of the present invention, or the concept and technical solution of the invention are directly applied to other occasions without improvement, they are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A construction waste foam brick and light material separation equipment, characterized in that: It comprises a sorting conveyor belt whose conveying surface is arranged at an acute angle with the horizontal plane, the conveying direction of the sorting conveyor belt is from bottom to top, the sorted mixed material falls onto the sorting conveyor belt from the middle section of the conveying surface, the upper end of the sorting conveyor belt is connected to a light material aggregate area, and the lower end is connected to a foamed concrete aggregate area; The sorting conveyor belt is staggered in upper and lower positions and has several layers; from top to bottom: the mixed material falling from the lower end of the odd-numbered sorting conveyor belt enters the middle section of the conveying surface of the next even-numbered sorting conveyor belt, and the material falling from the upper end of the odd-numbered sorting conveyor belt directly enters the light material aggregate area; from top to bottom: the material falling from the lower end of the even-numbered sorting conveyor belt directly enters the foamed concrete aggregate area, and the mixed material falling from the upper end of the even-numbered sorting conveyor belt enters the middle section of the conveying surface of the next odd-numbered sorting conveyor belt; From top to bottom, the angle between the conveying surface of the odd-numbered conveyor belt and the horizontal plane is greater than the angle between the conveying surface of the even-numbered conveyor belt and the horizontal plane; The materials falling from the upper end of the lowest level sorting conveyor belt directly enter the light material aggregate area, and the materials falling from the lower end of the lowest level sorting conveyor belt directly enter the foamed concrete aggregate area; The conveying surface of the sorting conveyor belt is wavy, and is provided with a cross bar perpendicular to the conveying direction, and the length of the cross bar is adapted to the width of the sorting conveyor belt.

2. The construction waste foam brick and light material separation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: From top to bottom, a material guide baffle is provided at the lower end of the odd-numbered layer sorting conveyor belt, and the upper end of the odd-numbered layer sorting conveyor belt is connected to a light material guide box, and the light material aggregate area is arranged at the lower part of the light material guide box; from top to bottom, the lower end of the even-numbered layer sorting conveyor belt is connected to a foamed concrete guide box, and the foamed concrete aggregate area is arranged at the lower part of the foamed concrete guide box; the light material aggregate area and the foamed concrete aggregate area are respectively provided with discharge conveyor belts.

3. The construction waste foam brick and light material separation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A vibrating feeder is arranged on the upper part of the first-layer sorting conveyor belt, and the discharge port of the vibrating feeder is placed in the middle of the first-layer sorting conveyor belt.

4. The equipment for separating construction waste foamed bricks and light materials according to claim 3, characterized in that: The conveying surface of the vibrating feeder is wave-shaped.

5. The equipment for separating construction waste foamed bricks and light materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle between the conveying surface of the sorting conveyor belt and the horizontal is adjustable.

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