A dual-coil inner and outer ring induction energy harvesting system

Abstract

The present invention provides a dual-coil inner and outer ring type inductive energy acquisition system, including an energy acquisition coil, a switch module, an anti-shock module, a rectifier filter module, an overvoltage protection module, a buck regulator module and an energy storage module, the switch module includes a first switch, a second switch, a third switch and a current relay, the buck regulator module includes a front-end DC / DC buck and a back-end DC / DC regulator, the input ends of the first switch and the second switch are respectively connected to the ultra-microcrystalline magnetic core energy acquisition coil and the silicon steel magnetic core energy acquisition coil in the energy acquisition coil, the output end is connected to the rectifier filter module via the anti-shock module, the output end of the rectifier filter module is connected to the overvoltage protection module and the front-end DC / DC buck that control the first switch and the second switch, and the output end of the front-end DC / DC buck is connected to the back-end DC / DC regulator via the current relay, the energy storage module and the third switch. The present application adopts a dual-coil and inner and outer ring method to acquire energy, which reduces the energy acquisition dead zone and increases the energy acquisition current range, energy acquisition efficiency and output power.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power transmission line energy harvesting, and in particular to a double-coil inner and outer ring type induction energy harvesting system. Background Art

[0002] The operating status of electrical equipment and transmission lines is crucial to the stable and reliable operation of the power system. Online monitoring technology can monitor various operating parameters in real time and can truly and effectively reflect the actual situation of equipment insulation and other aspects. It is an important technical means to ensure the safe operation of equipment and lines. However, in some applications, online monitoring devices have long had problems with difficult access to power and poor reliability of existing power supply solutions. Therefore, power supply has become one of the important factors restricting the development of online monitoring technology. Currently, commonly used solutions include photovoltaic power supply and capacitor voltage division power supply, but photovoltaic power supply is greatly affected by weather and requires regular maintenance, which is costly; while capacitor voltage division energy extraction, on the one hand, is limited by line voltage and plate size in energy extraction efficiency, and on the other hand, due to the problem of electrical isolation, special treatment of the material of the energy extraction plate is required, and the overvoltage protection and insulation requirements of the circuit are relatively high. Therefore, the isolated power supply that uses the energy extraction coil to sense the magnetic field around the line and outputs electrical energy to the load through the wire wrapped around the energy extraction coil is a relatively more promising way.

[0003] After research, the inventor of the present invention found that since the industrial frequency current on the line is fluctuating, when the line current is small, the energy harvesting coil cannot obtain enough electrical energy, and when the line current is large or generates impact current, overheating caused by core saturation, reduced conversion efficiency, large induced potential, large harmonics, etc. are all technical difficulties that need to be overcome. Therefore, most of the induction coil energy harvesting devices on the market currently have problems such as a small range of adaptability to distribution network load current changes, a large energy harvesting dead zone, poor stability, and low energy harvesting efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the technical problems that most existing induction coil energy harvesting devices have a small range of adaptability to distribution network load current changes, a large energy harvesting dead zone, poor stability, and low energy harvesting efficiency, the present invention provides a dual-coil inner and outer ring induction energy harvesting system.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A dual-coil inner and outer ring type inductive energy acquisition system, comprising an energy acquisition coil, a switch module, an anti-shock module, a rectifier and filter module, an overvoltage protection module, a voltage step-down and voltage stabilization module and an energy storage module; wherein the energy acquisition coil comprises an ultra-microcrystalline magnetic core energy acquisition coil and a silicon steel magnetic core energy acquisition coil, the ultra-microcrystalline magnetic core energy acquisition coil and the silicon steel magnetic core energy acquisition coil are both circular ring structures, the circular ring comprises an inner ring and an outer ring with equal widths that are tightly fitted, the inner ring and the outer ring are both provided with openings and are wound with wires, the ultra-microcrystalline magnetic core energy acquisition coil and the silicon steel magnetic core energy acquisition coil are sleeved on a transmission line, and are used for induction in the transmission line. The alternating current is used as the induced potential of the secondary side output through the wire; the switch module includes a first switch, a second switch, a third switch and a current relay, the input end of the first switch is connected to the wire on the microcrystalline magnetic core energy taking coil, and the input end of the second switch is connected to the wire on the silicon steel magnetic core energy taking coil; the input end of the anti-shock module is connected to the output end of the first switch and the second switch, and is used to clamp the induced potential output by the energy taking coil to achieve instantaneous impact protection for the subsequent circuit; the input end of the rectifier and filter module is connected to the output end of the anti-shock module, and is used to output the anti-shock module The alternating current is rectified and filtered to convert it into direct current; the input end of the overvoltage protection module is connected to the output end of the rectification and filtering module to detect the output voltage value after rectification and filtering, compare the output voltage value with the voltage setting value of the overvoltage protection module itself, and control the on-off switching of the first switch and the second switch; the buck voltage regulator module includes a front-end DC / DC buck and a back-end DC / DC regulator, the input end of the front-end DC / DC buck is connected to the output end of the rectification and filtering module to buck the output voltage after rectification and filtering, the output end of the front-end DC / DC buck is connected to the input end of the back-end DC / DC regulator through the current relay, the first input end and the output end of the third switch in sequence, and the back-end DC / DC regulator is used to output stable direct current to supply power to the load; the input end of the energy storage module is connected to the current relay, and the output end is connected to the second input end of the third switch, and the energy storage module is used to charge and store energy and supply power to the load; the current relay is used to compare the threshold current of the current relay itself with the output current of the front-end DC / DC buck, so as to control the first input end and the second input end of the third switch to be connected to the output end of the third switch respectively.

[0007] Compared with the prior art, the dual-coil inner and outer ring induction energy acquisition system provided by the present invention, on the one hand, realizes energy acquisition by switching dual coils (ultra-microcrystalline magnetic core energy acquisition coil and silicon steel magnetic core energy acquisition coil). Specifically, the ultra-microcrystalline magnetic core energy acquisition coil is selected when the current is small, which reduces the energy acquisition dead zone. The silicon steel magnetic core energy acquisition coil is selected when the current is large, which avoids the problems of magnetic core saturation overheating and large induced potential harmonics. When the current is extremely large, both energy acquisition coils are disconnected to protect the subsequent circuit; on the other hand, when the input energy is sufficient, the energy storage module is charged while outputting electric energy to power the load. When the input energy is insufficient, the energy storage module is used to output electric energy to power the load. The present invention avoids the problem of secondary wiring required for the external power supply, has high safety, and uses the dual coil and inner and outer ring structure to increase the current range, energy efficiency and output power of energy acquisition. At the same time, the energy storage module is added as a backup to improve the output stability, so it can be widely used.

[0008] Furthermore, an air gap with a width of 0.1 mm is provided at the openings of the inner ring and the outer ring.

[0009] Furthermore, the inner ring and the outer ring are respectively provided with two opposite openings, and a center line connecting the two openings on the inner ring and a center line connecting the two openings on the outer ring are perpendicular to each other.

[0010] Furthermore, the anti-shock module includes an inductor L and a diode D connected in series, and a bidirectional transient diode and a varistor R connected in parallel. VD , the cathode of the diode D is connected to the bidirectional transient diode and the varistor R VD The parallel input terminals are connected.

[0011] Furthermore, the rectification and filtering module includes a bridge full-wave rectification circuit and a capacitor C connected in parallel to the output end of the bridge full-wave rectification circuit.

[0012] Further, the overvoltage protection module includes diodes D5 and D6, capacitors C1 and C2, and voltage relays K1 and K2. The anodes of the diodes D5 and D6 are connected to each other as the input end of the overvoltage protection module, the cathode of the diode D5 is connected to one end of the capacitor C1, the input end of the voltage relay K1 is connected to the connection node between the diode D5 and the capacitor C1, the output end of the voltage relay K1 is connected to the first switch, the cathode of the diode D6 is connected to one end of the capacitor C2, the input end of the voltage relay K2 is connected to the connection node between the diode D6 and the capacitor C2, the output end of the voltage relay K2 is connected to the second switch, the other ends of the capacitors C1 and C2 are grounded, and the voltage setting value of the voltage relay K1 is lower than the voltage setting value of the voltage relay K2.

[0013] Furthermore, the front-end DC / DC buck includes a MAX5035B pulse width modulation DC / DC buck chip, the input port Vin of the buck chip is grounded through series resistors R21 and R22 in sequence, the input port Vin of the buck chip is bypassed to the ground through a capacitor C5, the On / Off port of the buck chip is connected to the connection node of the resistors R21 and R22, a capacitor C6 is connected between the boost port BST and the output port LX of the buck chip, the output port LX outputs a fixed 5V DC voltage through an inductor L21, the front and rear ends of the inductor L21 are grounded through a Schottky diode and a capacitor C8 respectively, and the internal regulator output port VD of the buck chip is bypassed to the ground through a capacitor C7.

[0014] Furthermore, the back-end DC / DC regulator includes an S-1313 low voltage difference and high precision linear voltage regulator chip, the input port Vin of the voltage regulator chip is connected to the On / Off port, the input port Vin of the voltage regulator chip is bypassed to the ground through capacitor C9, and the output port Vout of the voltage regulator chip outputs a fixed 3.3V DC voltage to power the load.

[0015] Furthermore, the energy storage module includes a lithium battery and a BL4056B lithium battery charging chip, and the PROG port of the charging chip is connected through an external resistor R PROG The enable input terminal CE of the charging chip is connected to the input port Vcc, the input port Vcc is connected to the ground port of the charging chip through the capacitor C10, the output terminal BAT of the charging chip is connected to the positive electrode of the lithium battery, the negative electrode of the lithium battery is grounded, and the output terminal BAT of the charging chip is also bypassed to the ground through the capacitor C11.

[0016] Furthermore, the current relay obtains, through comparison, that when the output current of the front-end DC / DC buck is greater than the threshold current of the current relay itself, the first input end of the third switch is controlled to be connected with the output end of the third switch; and when the output current of the front-end DC / DC buck is less than the threshold current of the current relay itself, the second input end of the third switch is controlled to be connected with the output end of the third switch. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the double-coil inner and outer ring induction energy harvesting system provided by the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the super-microcrystalline magnetic core energy harvesting coil.

[0019] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the energy-harvesting coil made of silicon steel core.

[0020] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Circuit diagram of the medium impact protection module.

[0021] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 Circuit diagram of the rectifier and filter module.

[0022] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 Circuit diagram of the overvoltage protection module.

[0023] Figure 7 yes Figure 1 Circuit diagram of the mid-front end DC / DC buck.

[0024] Figure 8 yes Figure 1 Circuit diagram of the mid- and back-end DC / DC regulator.

[0025] Fig. 9 yes Figure 1 Circuit diagram of the energy storage module.

[0026] Fig.10 It is a logical flow diagram of the relay control switch module provided by the present invention.

[0027] In the figure, 1. energy taking coil; 11. ultra-microcrystalline magnetic core energy taking coil; 111. inner ring; 112. outer ring; 113. wire; 114. air gap; 12. silicon steel magnetic core energy taking coil; 21. first switch; 22. second switch; 23. third switch; 231. first input terminal; 232. second input terminal; 233. output terminal; 24. current relay; 3. anti-shock module; 4. rectifier and filter module; 5. overvoltage protection module; 61. front-end DC / DC buck; 62. back-end DC / DC regulator; 7. energy storage module; 100. transmission line. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below with reference to specific diagrams.

[0029] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "radial", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0031] Please refer to Figure 1As shown, the present invention provides a dual-coil inner and outer ring type inductive energy harvesting system, including an energy harvesting coil 1, a switch module, an anti-shock module 3, a rectifier and filter module 4, an overvoltage protection module 5, a voltage step-down and voltage stabilization module and an energy storage module 7; wherein, the energy harvesting coil 1 includes an ultra-microcrystalline magnetic core energy harvesting coil 11 and a silicon steel magnetic core energy harvesting coil 12, the ultra-microcrystalline magnetic core energy harvesting coil 11 and the silicon steel magnetic core energy harvesting coil 12 are both circular ring structures, the circular ring includes an inner ring 111 and an outer ring 112 that are tightly fitted with equal widths, the inner ring 111 and the outer ring 112 are both provided with openings and are wound with a conductor (such as a metal wire) 113, the ultra-microcrystalline magnetic core energy harvesting coil 11 and the silicon steel magnetic core energy harvesting coil 12 are sleeved on a transmission line 100, and are used to sense the alternating current in the transmission line 100. The wire 113 is used as the secondary side output induced potential, and the double-coil energy-taking coil structure composed of the ultra-microcrystalline magnetic core energy-taking coil 11 and the silicon steel magnetic core energy-taking coil 12 materials can improve the coil output power; the switch module includes a first switch 21, a second switch 22, a third switch 23 and a current relay 24, the input end of the first switch 21 is connected to the wire on the microcrystalline magnetic core energy-taking coil 11, and the input end of the second switch 22 is connected to the wire on the silicon steel magnetic core energy-taking coil 12; the input end of the anti-shock module 3 is connected to the output end of the first switch 21 and the second switch 22, and is used to clamp the induced potential output by the energy-taking coil 1 to achieve instantaneous impact protection for the subsequent circuit; the input end of the rectifier and filter module 4 is connected to the anti-shock module The output end of the module 3 is connected to rectify and filter the AC power output by the anti-shock module 3 and convert it into DC power; the input end of the overvoltage protection module 5 is connected to the output end of the rectification and filtering module 4 to detect the output voltage value after rectification and filtering, compare the output voltage value with the voltage setting value of the overvoltage protection module 5 itself, and thereby control the on-off switching of the first switch 21 and the second switch 22; the buck stabilizing module includes a front-end DC / DC buck 61 and a back-end DC / DC regulator 62, the input end of the front-end DC / DC buck 61 is connected to the output end of the rectification and filtering module 4 to buck the output voltage after rectification and filtering, and the output end of the front-end DC / DC buck 61 passes through the current relay 24, the first of the third switch 23, and the output end of the front-end DC / DC buck 61 in turn. The input terminal 231 and the output terminal 233 are connected to the input terminal of the back-end DC / DC regulator 62, and the back-end DC / DC regulator 62 is used to output stable direct current to supply power to the load; the input terminal of the energy storage module 7 is connected to the current relay 24, and the output terminal is connected to the second input terminal 232 of the third switch 23, and the energy storage module 7 is used to charge and store energy and supply power to the load; the current relay 24 is used to compare the current relay's own threshold current with the output current of the front-end DC / DC buck 61, so as to control the first input terminal 231 and the second input terminal 232 of the third switch 23 to be connected to the output terminal 233 of the third switch 232 respectively, that is, the third switch 23 provides different energy supply modes by selecting different switch output modes.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the dual-coil inner and outer ring induction energy acquisition system provided by the present invention, on the one hand, realizes energy acquisition by switching dual coils (ultra-microcrystalline magnetic core energy acquisition coil and silicon steel magnetic core energy acquisition coil). Specifically, the ultra-microcrystalline magnetic core energy acquisition coil is selected when the current is small, which reduces the energy acquisition dead zone. The silicon steel magnetic core energy acquisition coil is selected when the current is large, which avoids the problems of magnetic core saturation overheating and large induced potential harmonics. When the current is extremely large, both energy acquisition coils are disconnected to protect the subsequent circuit; on the other hand, when the input energy is sufficient, the energy storage module is charged while outputting electric energy to power the load. When the input energy is insufficient, the energy storage module is used to output electric energy to power the load. The present invention avoids the problem of secondary wiring required for the external power supply, has high safety, and uses the dual coil and inner and outer ring structure to increase the current range, energy efficiency and output power of energy acquisition. At the same time, the energy storage module is added as a backup to improve the output stability, so it can be widely used.

[0033] As a specific example, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the openings of the inner ring 111 and the outer ring 112 are provided with an air gap 114 with a width of 0.1 mm, which will cause magnetic leakage problems and increase the magnetic resistance of the energy-taking coil. In order to improve the energy-taking efficiency and reduce magnetic leakage, the present application uses a dual-coil switching mode and the structure of the inner and outer rings. The widths of the inner and outer rings are equal. The magnetic core materials of the two coils are ultrafine crystal and silicon steel, respectively. When the primary current I1 is small, an ultrafine crystal material core is selected. When the primary current I1 is large, a silicon steel material core is selected. When the primary current is too large, the two coils will be short-circuited to protect the subsequent circuit. The specific ultrafine crystal material has a very high magnetic permeability and can sense enough energy even when the primary current is very small, but its saturation magnetic induction intensity is low, so it is very easy to saturate; the magnetic permeability of the silicon steel material is much lower than that of the ultrafine crystal material, but the saturation magnetic induction intensity is higher, and it is not easy to saturate when the current is large, so a silicon steel core is selected when the primary current is large.

[0034] As a specific example, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the inner ring 111 and the outer ring 112 are respectively provided with two opposite openings, and the center line of the two openings on the inner ring 111 is perpendicular to the center line of the two openings on the outer ring 112. Therefore, when the inner ring encounters an air gap, the outer ring is not at the opening, and the magnetic resistance of the outer ring is small, so the magnetic lines will be attracted to the outer ring; similarly, when the outer ring encounters an air gap, the magnetic lines will also be attracted by the inner ring. This design is equivalent to forming a local magnetic circuit in parallel inside the magnetic core, thereby reducing the magnetic resistance and better improving the energy extraction efficiency.

[0035] As a specific example, please refer to Figure 4As shown, the anti-shock module 3 includes an inductor L and a diode D connected in series, and a bidirectional transient voltage diode (TVS) and a varistor R connected in parallel. VD , the cathode of the diode D is connected to the bidirectional transient diode and the varistor R VD The parallel input terminal is connected. In the anti-shock module 3 provided in this embodiment, the characteristic of the inductor L limiting the current change trend is used. When the current flowing through the inductor increases, the inductor prevents the current from increasing, that is, the characteristic of the inductor L that the current cannot change suddenly is used; at the same time, a bidirectional TVS is used to protect the bidirectional surge voltage impact, that is, the bidirectional TVS tube can absorb surge power, can withstand reverse voltage impact in a very short time, so that the voltage between the two poles is clamped at a specific voltage to avoid the subsequent circuit from being impacted; and cooperate with the varistor RVD to quickly absorb the peak pulse. The specific varistor has a nonlinear characteristic. When the overvoltage appears between the two poles of the varistor, the varistor can clamp the voltage to a relatively fixed voltage value, quickly absorb the peak pulse, thereby realizing the protection of the subsequent circuit. The three devices are used at the same time, which expands the protection range of the impact voltage, and suppresses the impact voltage output by the energy taking coil in an instantaneous manner by voltage clamping, and clamps the voltage at both ends to a predetermined value, thereby effectively protecting the electronic components and realizing instantaneous overvoltage protection.

[0036] As a specific example, please refer to Figure 5 As shown, the rectifier and filter module 4 includes a bridge full-wave rectifier circuit and a capacitor C connected in parallel to the output end of the bridge full-wave rectifier circuit. In the rectifier and filter module 4 provided in this embodiment, a bridge full-wave rectifier circuit is selected to rectify the AC input, and four diodes D1, D2, D3, and D4 with small forward voltage drop and high reverse withstand voltage are used to form the AC power with a level floating above and below the zero point is converted into a unidirectional DC power through the unidirectional conduction characteristics of the diode. Since the output voltage of the rectifier circuit contains a large pulsating component, in order to reduce the voltage pulsating component as much as possible, on the other hand, the DC component should be retained as much as possible so that the output voltage is close to the ideal DC. Therefore, a large-capacity capacitor C is connected in parallel to the output end of the rectifier circuit, and the equivalent capacitive reactance of the capacitor to a specific frequency is small, which is close to a short circuit to achieve the purpose of filtering.

[0037] As a specific example, please refer to Figure 6As shown, the overvoltage protection module 5 includes diodes D5 and D6, capacitors C1 and C2, and voltage relays K1 and K2. The anodes of the diodes D5 and D6 are connected to each other as the input end of the overvoltage protection module, the cathode of the diode D5 is connected to one end of the capacitor C1, the input end of the voltage relay K1 is connected to the connection node between the diode D5 and the capacitor C1, the output end of the voltage relay K1 is connected to the first switch, the cathode of the diode D6 is connected to one end of the capacitor C2, the input end of the voltage relay K2 is connected to the connection node between the diode D6 and the capacitor C2, the output end of the voltage relay K2 is connected to the second switch, the other ends of the capacitors C1 and C2 are grounded, and the voltage setting value U of the voltage relay K1 is connected to the first switch. set1 Lower than the voltage setting value U of voltage relay K2 set2 Please refer to Fig.10 As shown, when the overvoltage protection module 5 provided in this embodiment works, by detecting the output voltage value after the rectification and filtering circuit 4, when the output voltage value is lower than the voltage setting value of the two voltage relays K1 and K2, the voltage relay K1 controls the first switch 21 to close, at this time, only the ultra-fine crystal core in the energy taking coil 1 works, and the silicon steel core does not work (the second switch 22 is disconnected); when the output voltage value is higher than the voltage setting value of the voltage relay K1 but lower than the voltage setting value of the voltage relay K2, the voltage relay K2 controls the second switch 22 to close, at this time, only the silicon steel core in the energy taking coil 1 works, and the ultra-fine crystal core does not work (the first switch 21 is disconnected); when the output voltage value is higher than the voltage setting value of the two voltage relays, both coils in the energy taking coil 1 are disconnected, thereby protecting the subsequent circuit. In this embodiment, the overvoltage protection module 5 detects the voltage value after rectification and filtering through the voltage relays K1 and K2, and when the voltage exceeds the critical value, the switch switches the double coils in the front-end energy taking coil 1 on and off, thereby achieving the purpose of overvoltage protection.

[0038] As a specific example, please refer to Figure 7 As shown, the front-end DC / DC buck 61 includes a MAX5035B pulse width modulation DC / DC buck chip, the input port Vin of the buck chip is grounded through series resistors R21 and R22 in sequence, the input port Vin of the buck chip is bypassed to the ground through a capacitor C5, the On / Off port of the buck chip is connected to the connection node of the resistors R21 and R22, the boost port BST and the output port LX of the buck chip are connected with a capacitor C6, the output port LX outputs a fixed 5V DC voltage through an inductor L21, the front and rear ends of the inductor L21 are grounded through a Schottky diode (Schotty) and a capacitor C8 respectively, the Schottky diode is used as a freewheeling diode, and the reverse withstand voltage should exceed the maximum input voltage V CThe output port VD of the internal regulator of the buck chip is bypassed to ground through capacitor C7. In this embodiment, the input voltage range of the buck chip MAX5035B is 7.5-76V, providing a fixed output voltage of 5V and an output current I LX The maximum value is 1A, and it works at a fixed switching frequency of 125kHz under heavy load. It automatically switches to pulse skipping mode under light load to ensure low quiescent current and high efficiency.

[0039] As a specific example, please refer to Figure 8 As shown, the back-end DC / DC regulator 62 includes a S-1313 low-voltage difference high-precision linear regulator chip, the input port Vin of the regulator chip is connected to the On / Off port, the input port Vin of the regulator chip is bypassed to the ground through a capacitor C9, the capacitor C9 is used as a freewheeling and filtering capacitor, and the output port Vout of the regulator chip outputs a fixed 3.3V DC voltage to power the load. The regulator chip S-1313 in this embodiment is developed using CMOS technology and is a positive regulator IC with ultra-low power consumption and low leakage voltage. When working normally, the working current of the chip is only 0.9μA, and the working state of the regulator can be controlled by changing the high and low levels of the enable pin.

[0040] As a specific example, please refer to Fig. 9 As shown, the energy storage module 7 includes a lithium battery and a BL4056B lithium battery charging chip. The PROG port of the charging chip is connected to the power supply of the charging chip through an external resistor R PROG The enable input terminal CE of the charging chip is connected to the input port Vcc, and the input port Vcc is connected to the ground port of the charging chip through a capacitor C10. The output terminal BAT of the charging chip is connected to the positive electrode of the lithium battery, and the negative electrode of the lithium battery is grounded. The output terminal BAT of the charging chip is also bypassed to the ground through a capacitor C11. In the energy storage module 7 provided in this embodiment, a 18650 lithium battery can be used as an energy storage device, and a BL4056B lithium battery charging chip is used to protect the lithium battery from charge and discharge. The charging chip adopts a PMOSFET architecture and an anti-backflow circuit. The charging voltage is fixed at 4.2V, and an external resistor R PROG To adjust the charging current, the Vcc input port is connected to the ground in parallel with the capacitor C10 for bypassing. The BAT terminal is connected to the positive electrode of the lithium battery to provide the battery with charging current and a 4.2V limiting voltage. CE is used as the chip enable input terminal. A high-level input enables the chip to work normally, and a low-level input prohibits the chip from charging. During the constant voltage charging process, when the charging current drops to 0.1A, the chip will enter the charging termination stage. In the low-power standby mode of the chip, the leakage current is less than 2μA.

[0041] As a specific example, please refer to Fig.10 As shown, the current relay 24 obtains by comparison that the output current I of the DC / DC buck 61 at the front endLX Greater than the current relay 24's own threshold current I set When the current relay 24 controls the first input terminal 231 of the third switch 23 to be connected with the output terminal 233 of the third switch 23, the lithium battery is charged and the subsequent load is powered at the same time; the output current I of the DC / DC buck 61 at the front end is LX Less than the current relay 24's own threshold current I set When the current relay 24 controls the second input terminal 232 of the third switch 23 to be connected with the output terminal 233 of the third switch 23, the lithium battery supplies power to the subsequent load.

[0042] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual-coil inner and outer ring induction energy harvesting system, characterized in that: It includes an energy taking coil, a switch module, an anti-shock module, a rectifier and filter module, an overvoltage protection module, a voltage step-down and voltage stabilization module and an energy storage module; wherein, the energy taking coil includes an ultra-microcrystalline magnetic core energy taking coil and a silicon steel magnetic core energy taking coil, the ultra-microcrystalline magnetic core energy taking coil and the silicon steel magnetic core energy taking coil are both circular ring structures, the circular ring includes an inner ring and an outer ring with equal widths that fit tightly together, the inner ring and the outer ring are both provided with openings and are wound with wires, an air gap with a width of 0.1 mm is opened at the openings of the inner ring and the outer ring, two openings opposite to each other are respectively provided on the inner ring and the outer ring, the center line of the two openings on the inner ring is connected to the two openings on the outer ring The central connecting lines are perpendicular to each other, and the ultra-microcrystalline magnetic core energy-taking coil and the silicon steel magnetic core energy-taking coil are sleeved on the transmission line, and are used to sense the alternating current in the transmission line and output the induced potential as the secondary side through the wire; the switch module includes a first switch, a second switch, a third switch and a current relay, the input end of the first switch is connected to the wire on the microcrystalline magnetic core energy-taking coil, and the input end of the second switch is connected to the wire on the silicon steel magnetic core energy-taking coil; the input end of the anti-shock module is connected to the output end of the first switch and the second switch, and is used to clamp the induced potential output by the energy-taking coil to achieve instantaneous shock protection for the subsequent circuit; the rectifier filter The input end of the wave module is connected to the output end of the anti-shock module, and is used to rectify and filter the alternating current output by the anti-shock module and convert it into direct current; the input end of the overvoltage protection module is connected to the output end of the rectification and filtering module to detect the output voltage value after rectification and filtering, compare the output voltage value with the voltage setting value of the overvoltage protection module itself, and use this to control the on-off switching of the first switch and the second switch; the buck and voltage stabilization module includes a front-end DC / DC buck and a back-end DC / DC regulator, the input end of the front-end DC / DC buck is connected to the output end of the rectification and filtering module to buck the output voltage after rectification and filtering, and the front-end The output end of the DC / DC buck is connected to the input end of the back-end DC / DC regulator through the current relay, the first input end and the output end of the third switch in sequence, and the back-end DC / DC regulator is used to output stable direct current to supply power to the load; the input end of the energy storage module is connected to the current relay, and the output end is connected to the second input end of the third switch, and the energy storage module is used to charge and store energy and supply power to the load; the current relay is used to compare the threshold current of the current relay itself with the output current of the front-end DC / DC buck, so as to control the first input end and the second input end of the third switch to be connected to the output end of the third switch respectively.

2. The dual-coil inner and outer ring induction energy harvesting system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The anti-shock module includes an inductor L and a diode D connected in series, and a bidirectional transient diode and a varistor R connected in parallel. VD , the cathode of the diode D is connected to the bidirectional transient diode and the varistor R VD The parallel input terminals are connected.

3. The dual-coil inner and outer ring induction energy harvesting system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The rectification and filtering module comprises a bridge full-wave rectification circuit and a capacitor C connected in parallel to the output end of the bridge full-wave rectification circuit.

4. The dual-coil inner and outer ring induction energy harvesting system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The overvoltage protection module includes diodes D5 and D6, capacitors C1 and C2, and voltage relays K1 and K2. The anodes of the diodes D5 and D6 are connected to each other as the input end of the overvoltage protection module, the cathode of the diode D5 is connected to one end of the capacitor C1, the input end of the voltage relay K1 is connected to the connection node of the diode D5 and the capacitor C1, the output end of the voltage relay K1 is connected to the first switch, the cathode of the diode D6 is connected to one end of the capacitor C2, the input end of the voltage relay K2 is connected to the connection node of the diode D6 and the capacitor C2, the output end of the voltage relay K2 is connected to the second switch, the other ends of the capacitors C1 and C2 are grounded, and the voltage setting value of the voltage relay K1 is lower than the voltage setting value of the voltage relay K2.

5. The dual-coil inner and outer ring induction energy harvesting system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The front-end DC / DC buck includes a MAX5035B pulse width modulation DC / DC buck chip, the input port Vin of the buck chip is grounded through series resistors R21 and R22 in sequence, the input port Vin of the buck chip is bypassed to the ground through a capacitor C5, the On / Off port of the buck chip is connected to the connection node of the resistors R21 and R22, a capacitor C6 is connected between the boost port BST and the output port LX of the buck chip, the output port LX outputs a fixed 5V DC voltage through an inductor L21, the front and rear ends of the inductor L21 are grounded through a Schottky diode and a capacitor C8 respectively, and the internal regulator output port VD of the buck chip is bypassed to the ground through a capacitor C7.

6. The dual-coil inner and outer ring induction energy harvesting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The back-end DC / DC regulator includes an S-1313 low voltage difference high precision linear regulator chip, the input port Vin of the regulator chip is connected to the On / Off port, the input port Vin of the regulator chip is bypassed to the ground through capacitor C9, and the output port Vout of the regulator chip outputs a fixed 3.3V DC voltage to power the load.

7. The dual-coil inner and outer ring induction energy harvesting system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The energy storage module includes a lithium battery and a BL4056B lithium battery charging chip. The PROG port of the charging chip is connected to the power supply of the battery through an external resistor R PROG The enable input terminal CE of the charging chip is connected to the input port Vcc, the input port Vcc is connected to the ground port of the charging chip through the capacitor C10, the output terminal BAT of the charging chip is connected to the positive electrode of the lithium battery, the negative electrode of the lithium battery is grounded, and the output terminal BAT of the charging chip is also bypassed to the ground through the capacitor C11.

8. The dual-coil inner and outer ring induction energy harvesting system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The current relay obtains through comparison that when the output current of the front-end DC / DC buck is greater than the threshold current of the current relay itself, the first input end of the third switch is controlled to be connected with the output end of the third switch; when the output current of the front-end DC / DC buck is less than the threshold current of the current relay itself, the second input end of the third switch is controlled to be connected with the output end of the third switch.

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