A combined turning and milling fixture for parts

Abstract

The present invention provides a combined turning and milling fixture for parts, which includes a fixture body, a pressing plate fixed to the fixture body by bolts, and a positioning pin and a positioning mandrel both detachably connected to the fixture body; the fixture body has a clamping portion, which has a clamping cylindrical surface for clamping and cooperating with a lathe, and several clamping grooves formed on the clamping cylindrical surface for clamping and cooperating with a milling machine; a workpiece fixing groove for accommodating a workpiece to be machined is formed between the fixture body and the pressing plate, and the pressing plate is used for pressing and cooperating with the workpiece to be machined; the positioning pin is used for positioning and cooperating with the inner contour surface of the workpiece to be machined, and the positioning mandrel is used for positioning and cooperating with the thread feature on the workpiece to be machined. The combined turning and milling fixture for parts in this application can be clamped to a lathe and a milling machine at the same time, better realizing the co-existing machining of the lathe and the milling machine, achieving the sharing of clamping during the turning and milling of the workpiece to be machined, and ultimately improving the machining accuracy and machining efficiency of the workpiece to be machined.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of part machining, and particularly to a combined turning and milling fixture for parts. Background Art

[0002] In some fields, parts used need to be processed jointly by a numerical control lathe and a CNC machining center. For example, Figure 1 the aerospace key parts used in the aerospace field as shown. The outer contour surface of the aerospace key part 10 has a thread feature 14, a hole feature 15, and a groove feature 16, as Figure 3 and Figure 5 shown; the thread feature 14 is completed by turning on a numerical control lathe, and the hole feature 15 and the groove feature 16 are completed by milling on a CNC machining mill in the CNC machining center.

[0003] Furthermore, when the parts are machined, the parts are fixedly positioned on the fixture, and the fixture is then clamped on the numerical control lathe and the CNC machining center. However, the fixtures in the prior art have a single function and can only be clamped on the machining part of the numerical control lathe or the machining part of the CNC machining center alone. Therefore, when machining the thread feature, hole feature, and groove feature on the aerospace key part, it is necessary to repeatedly clamp the aerospace key part and the fixture, which will reduce the machining accuracy of the aerospace key part and cannot well achieve the coexistence machining of the numerical control lathe and the CNC machining center. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a combined turning and milling fixture for parts, which can be clamped on a lathe and a milling machine at the same time.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a combined turning and milling fixture for parts, including a fixture body, a pressing plate fixed to the fixture body by bolts, and a positioning pin and a positioning mandrel both detachably connected to the fixture body; the fixture body has a clamping portion, and the clamping portion has a clamping cylindrical surface for clamping and cooperating with a lathe, and several clamping grooves opened on the clamping cylindrical surface for clamping and cooperating with a milling machine; a workpiece fixing groove for accommodating a workpiece to be machined is formed between the fixture body and the pressing plate, and the pressing plate is used for pressing and cooperating with the workpiece to be machined; the positioning pin is used for positioning and cooperating with the inner contour surface of the workpiece to be machined, and the positioning mandrel is used for positioning and cooperating with the thread feature on the workpiece to be machined.

[0006] Furthermore, the fixture body also has a fixture portion, the fixture portion extends upward from the upper end surface of the clamping portion, the outer peripheral surface of the fixture portion is located on the inner peripheral side of the outer peripheral surface of the clamping portion, the pressing plate is fixed to the upper end surface of the fixture portion by bolts, and the positioning pin and the positioning mandrel are both detachably connected to the fixture portion.

[0007] Further, a first mounting hole adapted to the positioning pin and a second mounting hole adapted to the positioning mandrel are formed in the fixture portion, and the central axes of the clamping cylindrical surface, the positioning mandrel, the second mounting hole, and the central axis of the threaded feature on the workpiece to be machined coincide with each other.

[0008] Further, the second mounting hole is a stepped hole having an upper first hole portion and a lower second hole portion connected to each other. The diameter of the first hole portion is larger than that of the second hole portion, and the diameter of the first hole portion is also larger than the diameter of the threaded feature on the workpiece to be machined. The positioning mandrel is adapted to the second hole portion.

[0009] Further, two relief grooves are formed on the upper end surface of the fixture portion, and the relief grooves are located outside the outer contour surface of the workpiece to be machined.

[0010] Further, a phase step surface is provided on the upper end surface of the clamping portion.

[0011] Further, the pressing plate includes a straight pressing plate and an L-shaped pressing plate. The lower end surface of the straight pressing plate is used for pressing and cooperating with the workpiece to be machined. The L-shaped pressing plate includes a vertically extending supporting portion and a horizontally extending pressing portion. The pressing portion is fixedly connected to the tooling body by bolts. The lower end surface of the supporting portion is in surface contact with the tooling body, and the lower end surface of the pressing portion is used for pressing and cooperating with the workpiece to be machined.

[0012] Further, a cavity is formed in the workpiece to be machined. The inner contour surface of the workpiece to be machined includes a cavity bottom surface and a cavity side surface that form the cavity wall. The cavity bottom surface and the cavity side surface are connected and both extend straight. There are three positioning pins, two of which are in positioning cooperation with both ends of the cavity bottom surface, and the other positioning pin is in positioning cooperation with the cavity side surface.

[0013] As described above, the part turning and milling combined tooling fixture involved in the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] The part turning and milling combined tooling fixture in the present application can be clamped on a lathe and a milling machine at the same time. Therefore, when turning the threaded feature on the workpiece to be machined and milling the hole feature and groove feature on the workpiece to be machined, it is not necessary to repeatedly clamp the workpiece to be machined and the tooling fixture, which can preferably realize the machining coexistence of the lathe and the milling machine, realize the common use of clamping during the turning and milling of the workpiece to be machined, ensure the consistency of clamping during turning and milling, and ultimately improve the machining accuracy and machining efficiency of the workpiece to be machined. Description of the Drawings

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a key aerospace part in the present application.

[0016] Figure 2This is a structural schematic diagram of the combined turning and milling fixture for parts in this application.

[0017] Figure 3 This is an assembly schematic diagram between the combined turning and milling fixture for parts and the aerospace key parts during turning of aerospace key parts.

[0018] Figure 4 and Figure 5 This is an assembly schematic diagram between the combined turning and milling fixture for parts and the aerospace key parts during milling of aerospace key parts.

[0019] Element label description

[0020] 10 Aerospace key parts

[0021] 11 Bottom

[0022] 12 First extension section

[0023] 13 Second extension section

[0024] 14 Thread feature

[0025] 15 Hole feature

[0026] 16 Groove feature

[0027] 17 Cavity bottom surface

[0028] 18 Cavity side surface

[0029] 20 Fixture body

[0030] 21 Clamping part

[0031] 211 Clamping cylindrical surface

[0032] 212 Clamping groove

[0033] 213 Phase step surface

[0034] 22 Fixture part

[0035] 221 First mounting hole

[0036] 222 Second mounting hole

[0037] 223 Relief groove

[0038] 224 Threaded hole

[0039] 30 Bolt

[0040] 40 Locating pin

[0041] 50 Locating mandrel

[0042] 60 Straight pressure plate

[0043] 70 L-shaped pressing plate

[0044] 71 supporting part

[0045] 72 pressing part Specific implementation manner

[0046] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation manners of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification.

[0047] It should be noted that the structures, ratios, sizes, etc. shown in the drawings of this specification are only used to cooperate with the content disclosed in the specification for those skilled in the art to understand and read, and are not used to limit the limiting conditions for the implementation of the present invention. Therefore, they do not have any technical substance. Any modification of the structure, change of the proportional relationship, or adjustment of the size, without affecting the effects that the present invention can produce and the purposes that can be achieved, should still fall within the scope covered by the technical content disclosed in the present invention. At the same time, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle", and "one" cited in this specification are only for the convenience of description and are not used to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. Any change or adjustment of their relative relationships, without substantial change in the technical content, should also be regarded as the scope within which the present invention can be implemented.

[0048] This application provides a combined turning and milling fixture for parts, which is used to fix and process workpieces. In the following embodiments, the workpiece to be processed is a key aerospace part 10. As Figure 1 shown, the key aerospace part 10 has a laterally extending bottom 11, and two symmetrically arranged arm portions respectively connected to the left and right sides of the bottom 11. Each arm portion has a longitudinally extending first extension segment 12, and a second extension segment 13 that extends obliquely outward from one end of the first extension segment 12 away from the bottom 11. A cavity of the key aerospace part 10 is formed between the bottom 11 and the two first extension segments 12. The key aerospace part 10 has an outer contour surface and an inner contour surface; among them, as Figure 3 and Figure 5As shown, the outer contour surface of the aerospace key part 10 has a thread feature 14, a hole feature 15, and a groove feature 16. The thread feature 14 is provided on the outer contour surface of the bottom 11, and the hole feature 15 and the groove feature 16 are provided on the outer contour surface of the arm portion. The inner contour surface of the aerospace key part 10 includes a cavity bottom surface 17 and a cavity side surface 18 that form the cavity wall. The cavity bottom surface 17 is the inner contour surface of the bottom 11 and extends straight in the left-right direction. The cavity side surface 18 is the inner contour surface of the first extension section 12 and extends straight in the front-back direction. When machining the thread feature 14, hole feature 15, and groove feature 16 on the outer contour surface of the aerospace key part 10, the thread feature 14 is machined by turning on a lathe, preferably a CNC lathe, and the hole feature 15 and the groove feature 16 are machined by milling on a milling machine, preferably a CNC machining center.

[0049] As Figure 2 shown, the turning and milling combined fixture for parts involved in the present application includes a fixture body 20, a pressing plate fixed on the upper end surface of the fixture body 20 by bolts 30, and a positioning pin 40 and a positioning mandrel 50 that are both detachably connected to the fixture body 20. The fixture body 20 has a clamping portion 21, which is cylindrical. The clamping portion 21 has a clamping cylindrical surface 211 and several clamping grooves 212 opened on the clamping cylindrical surface 211. The clamping cylindrical surface 211 of the clamping portion 21 is used for clamping and cooperating with a CNC lathe, and the clamping grooves 212 of the clamping portion 21 are used for clamping and cooperating with a CNC machining center. A workpiece fixing groove for accommodating the aerospace key part 10 is formed between the fixture body 20 and the pressing plate, and the pressing plate is used for pressing and cooperating with the aerospace key part 10. The positioning pin 40 is used for positioning and cooperating with the inner contour surface of the aerospace key part 10, and the positioning mandrel 50 is used for positioning and cooperating with the thread feature 14 on the aerospace key part 10.

[0050] When machining the thread feature 14, hole feature 15, and groove feature 16 on the outer contour surface of the aerospace key part 10, first place the aerospace key part 10 on the upper end surface of the fixture body 20, then use bolts 30 to tightly fix the pressing plate on the upper end surface of the fixture body 20 and make the pressing plate press on the upper end surface of the aerospace key part 10, thereby fixing and locking the aerospace key part 10 on the upper end surface of the fixture body 20. When turning the thread feature 14 on the outer contour surface of the aerospace key part 10, as Figure 3 shown, take out the positioning mandrel 50 from the fixture body 20, connect the positioning pin 40 to the fixture body 20, and clamp the turning and milling combined fixture for parts on the CNC lathe through the clamping cylindrical surface 211 on the fixture body 20. Through the pressing of the pressing plate and the positioning by the positioning pin 40, the thread feature 14 can be machined by turning on the CNC lathe. When milling the hole feature 15 and the groove feature 16 on the outer contour surface of the aerospace key part 10, as Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the positioning mandrel 50 is connected to the tooling body 20, and the positioning pin 40 is connected to the tooling body 20. The combined turning and milling tooling fixture for parts is clamped on the table of the CNC machining center through the clamping groove 212 on the tooling body 20. Through pressing with a pressing plate and the positioning of the positioning mandrel 50 and the positioning pin 40, the hole feature 15 and the groove feature 16 can be milled by the CNC machining center. Therefore, the combined turning and milling tooling fixture for parts in this application can be clamped on both the CNC lathe and the CNC machining center. When turning the thread feature 14 on the aerospace key part 10 and milling the hole feature 15 and the groove feature 16 on the aerospace key part 10, it is not necessary to repeatedly clamp the aerospace key part 10 and the tooling fixture, which can better realize the machining coexistence of the CNC lathe and the CNC machining center, realize the common use of clamping during turning and milling of the aerospace key part 10, ensure the consistency of clamping during turning and milling, and ultimately improve the machining accuracy and machining efficiency of the aerospace key part 10.

[0051] Preferably, when the clamping cylindrical surface 211 on the tooling body 20 is in clamping fit with the CNC lathe, the clamping cylindrical surface 211 is fixedly clamped in the three-jaw chuck of the CNC lathe, thereby realizing the clamping fit between the clamping cylindrical surface 211 and the CNC lathe. When the clamping groove 212 on the tooling body 20 is in clamping fit with the CNC machining center, a clamping pressing plate is also required. The end of the clamping pressing plate extends into the clamping groove 212, and the clamping pressing plate is also fixedly connected to the table of the CNC machining center through bolts, thereby realizing the clamping fit between the clamping groove 212 and the CNC machining center. In this embodiment, as Figure 2 shown, there are four clamping grooves 212, which are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the clamping cylindrical surface 211.

[0052] Furthermore, as Figure 2 shown, the tooling body 20 also has a fixture part 22. The fixture part 22 extends upward from the upper end surface of the clamping part 21. The fixture part 22 is also cylindrical. The outer peripheral surface of the fixture part 22 is located on the inner peripheral side of the outer peripheral surface of the clamping part 21, and the fixture part 22 is eccentrically arranged with the clamping part 21. The outer diameter of the fixture part 22 is smaller than the outer diameter of the clamping part 21; the upper end surface of the fixture part 22 is the upper end surface of the tooling body 20. Therefore, the pressing plate is fixed on the upper end surface of the fixture part 22 through bolts 30, and then the aerospace key part 10 is fixedly locked on the upper end surface of the fixture part 22; the positioning pin 40 and the positioning mandrel 50 are both detachably connected to the fixture part 22.

[0053] Furthermore, as Figures 3 to 5As shown, the pressing plate includes a straight pressing plate 60 and two L-shaped pressing plates 70. Among them, the straight pressing plate 60 spans the first extension segments 12 of the two arms of the aerospace key part 10 in the left-right direction. The middle part of the straight pressing plate 60 is fixedly connected to the fixture part 22 by bolts 30. The left and right sides of the lower end surface of the straight pressing plate 60 are respectively in pressing fit with the two first extension segments 12. The two L-shaped pressing plates 70 are symmetrically distributed left and right and respectively press the second extension segments 13 of the two aerospace key parts 10. Each L-shaped pressing plate 70 includes a vertically extending support part 71 and a horizontally extending pressing part 72. The lower end surface of the support part 71 is in surface contact with the fixture part 22. The pressing part 72 is fixedly connected to the fixture part 22 by bolts 30, and the lower end surface of the pressing part 72 is used for pressing fit with the second extension segment 13. In addition, the bolts 30 used to fixedly connect the straight pressing plate 60 and the fixture part 22, and the L-shaped pressing plate 70 and the fixture part 22 are hexagon socket head cap screws; as Figure 2 As shown, three threaded holes 224 that are threadedly engaged with the hexagon socket head cap screws 30 are provided on the fixture part 22.

[0054] Furthermore, the preferred structure for the detachable connection between both the positioning pin 40 and the positioning mandrel 50 and the fixture part 22 is: as Figure 2 As shown, a first mounting hole 221 that mates with the positioning pin 40 and a second mounting hole 222 that mates with the positioning mandrel 50 are provided in the fixture part 22. The first mounting hole 221 is a pin hole, and the positioning pin 40 is pluggably installed in the first mounting hole 221. The positioning mandrel 50 is pluggably installed in the second mounting hole 222. The central axis of the clamping cylindrical surface 211, the central axis of the positioning mandrel 50, the central axis of the second mounting hole 222, and the central axis of the thread feature 14 on the aerospace key part 10 coincide. The central axis of the clamping cylindrical surface 211 is the central axis of the clamping part 21.

[0055] Preferably, as Figure 2 As shown, the second mounting hole 222 is a stepped hole with an upper and a lower connected first hole part and second hole part. The diameter of the first hole part is larger than that of the second hole part; the diameter of the first hole part is also larger than the diameter of the thread feature 14 on the aerospace key part 10 to prevent tool collision during turning of the thread feature 14; as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the positioning mandrel 50 mates with the second hole part, that is, the positioning mandrel 50 is pluggably installed in the second hole part.

[0056] Furthermore, as Figures 2 to 5As shown in the figure, two concave and symmetrically arranged avoidance grooves 223 are formed on the upper end surface of the fixture part 22. The avoidance grooves 223 are located outside the outer contour surface of the aerospace key part 10, and the outer edges of the avoidance grooves 223 extend outward to the outer edge of the fixture part 22. Through the avoidance grooves 223, the hole features 15 and groove features 16 on the outer contour surface of the aerospace key part 10 can be conveniently milled. A phase step surface 213 is provided on the upper end surface of the clamping part 21 to indicate the clamping direction of the aerospace key part 10.

[0057] Further, as Figure 3 shown in the figure, there are three positioning pins 40. Two of the positioning pins 40 are in positioning cooperation with the left and right ends of the bottom surface 17 of the cavity, and the other positioning pin 40 is in positioning cooperation with the side surface 18 of the cavity; therefore, as Figure 2 shown in the figure, there are also three first mounting holes 221 in the fixture part 22. When turning the thread feature 14, it is positioned by the three positioning pins 40; when milling the hole feature 15 and the groove feature 16, it is positioned by the positioning mandrel 50 and any one of the positioning pins 40. In addition, after the three positioning pins 40 are installed in the first mounting holes 221, the upper end surfaces of the positioning pins 40 are lower than the upper end surface of the aerospace key part 10, or rather, the length of the positioning pins 40 protruding from the first mounting holes 221 should be less than the thickness of the aerospace key part 10 to prevent the positioning pins 40 from interfering with the straight pressing plate 60.

[0058] In summary, the present invention effectively overcomes various disadvantages in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.

[0059] The above embodiments are only illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Any person familiar with this technology can modify or change the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field without departing from the spirit and technical ideas disclosed by the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A combined turning and milling fixture for parts, characterized in that: it includes a fixture body (20), a pressing plate, a positioning pin (40) and a positioning mandrel (50); the fixture body (20) has a clamping part (21) and a fixture part (22), the clamping part (21) has a clamping cylindrical surface (211) for clamping and cooperating with a lathe, and several clamping grooves (212) opened on the clamping cylindrical surface (211) for clamping and cooperating with a milling machine, the fixture part (22) extends upward from the upper end surface of the clamping part (21), the outer peripheral surface of the fixture part (22) is located on the inner peripheral side of the outer peripheral surface of the clamping part (21), the pressing plate is fixed on the upper end surface of the fixture part (22) by bolts (30), and the positioning pin (40) and the positioning mandrel (50) are both detachably connected to the fixture part (22); the pressing plate is fixed to the upper end surface of the fixture part (22) by bolts (30), a workpiece fixing groove for accommodating a machined workpiece is formed between the fixture part (22) and the pressing plate, and the pressing plate is used for pressing and cooperating with the machined workpiece; two avoiding grooves (223) are opened on the upper end surface of the fixture part (22), and the avoiding grooves (223) are located outside the outer contour surface of the machined workpiece; a first mounting hole (221) matching with the positioning pin (40) and a second mounting hole (222) matching with the positioning mandrel (50) are opened in the fixture part (22), the central axis of the clamping cylindrical surface (211), the central axis of the positioning mandrel (50), the central axis of the second mounting hole (222), and the central axis of the thread feature (14) on the machined workpiece coincide with each other, the positioning pin (40) is used for positioning and cooperating with the inner contour surface of the machined workpiece, and the positioning mandrel (50) is used for positioning and cooperating with the thread feature (14) on the machined workpiece; when turning the thread feature (14) on the outer contour surface of the machined workpiece, the positioning mandrel (50) is taken out from the second mounting hole (222), the positioning pin (40) is inserted into the first mounting hole (221), the combined turning and milling fixture for parts is clamped on a CNC lathe through the clamping cylindrical surface (211), positioned by pressing with the pressing plate and the positioning pin (40), and the thread feature (14) is turned by the CNC lathe; when milling the hole feature (15) and the groove feature (16) on the outer contour surface of the machined workpiece, the positioning mandrel (50) is inserted into the second mounting hole (222), the positioning pin (40) is inserted into the first mounting hole (221), the combined turning and milling fixture for parts is clamped on the tabletop of a CNC machining center through the clamping groove (212), positioned by pressing with the pressing plate and the positioning mandrel (50) and the positioning pin (40), and the hole feature (15) and the groove feature (16) are milled by the CNC machining center.

2. The combined turning and milling fixture for parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second mounting hole (222) is a stepped hole having a first hole portion and a second hole portion connected up and down. The diameter of the first hole portion is greater than that of the second hole portion. The diameter of the first hole portion is also greater than the diameter of the thread feature (14) on the workpiece to be machined. The positioning mandrel (50) is matched with the second hole portion.

3. The combined turning and milling fixture for parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: a phase stepped surface (213) is provided on the upper end surface of the clamping portion (21).

4. The combined turning and milling fixture for parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pressing plate includes a straight pressing plate (60) and an L-shaped pressing plate (70); the lower end surface of the straight pressing plate (60) is used for pressing and cooperating with the workpiece to be machined; the L-shaped pressing plate (70) includes a support portion (71) extending vertically and a pressing portion (72) extending horizontally. The pressing portion (72) is fixedly connected to the fixture body (20) by a bolt (30). The lower end surface of the support portion (71) is in surface contact and cooperation with the fixture body (20). The lower end surface of the pressing portion (72) is used for pressing and cooperating with the workpiece to be machined.

5. The combined turning and milling fixture for parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: the workpiece to be machined has a cavity. The inner contour surface of the workpiece to be machined includes a cavity bottom surface (17) and a cavity side surface (18) constituting the cavity wall. The cavity bottom surface (17) and the cavity side surface (18) are connected and both extend straight. There are three positioning pins (40). Two of the positioning pins (40) are in positioning cooperation with the two ends of the cavity bottom surface (17), and the other positioning pin (40) is in positioning cooperation with the cavity side surface (18).

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