Production line system and manufacturing method for neodymium-iron-boron rare earth permanent magnet material products

Abstract

The present invention relates to a production line system and a manufacturing method for neodymium iron boron rare earth permanent magnet material products. The production line system includes a raw material preparation station and a blank forming station arranged in sequence along the production process. According to the present invention, a raw material processing device is provided between the raw material preparation station and the blank forming station. The first alloy powder from the raw material preparation station passes through the second alloy melt in the raw material processing device to adjust the neodymium-rich phase. The raw material processing device prepares neodymium iron boron magnetic powder and transports it to the subsequent connected blank forming station. The present invention can realize the controllability and uniformity of the content of the rare earth-rich phase on the surface of the main phase, save the usage amount of heavy rare earths, and at the same time improve the magnetic energy product and coercivity of the rare earth permanent magnet.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of permanent magnetic materials, and particularly relates to a production line system for neodymium iron boron rare earth permanent magnetic material products and a manufacturing method for neodymium iron boron rare earth permanent magnetic material products. Background Art

[0002] For a long time, neodymium iron boron permanent magnetic materials based on Nd 2 Fe 14 B have occupied an extremely important position in magnetic functional materials due to their excellent properties. Sintered neodymium iron boron mainly consists of a matrix of Nd 2 Fe 14 B phase and a neodymium-rich phase. The elemental composition and distribution state of the main phase determine the magnitude of the magnetic energy product. The neodymium-rich phase plays an important role in the magnetic hardening of sintered neodymium iron boron. During the sintering process, the grain boundaries of neodymium iron boron are filled with a neodymium-rich liquid phase, which transforms into a eutectic neodymium-rich phase during the cooling process. The most important role of the neodymium-rich phase is to distribute along the boundaries, isolate the main phase, and play a decoupling role.

[0003] According to the current conventional sintered neodymium iron boron preparation process, during the sintering process, the distribution of the neodymium-rich grain boundary phase is uneven, and there is no neodymium-rich grain boundary phase between some grains, which can cause magnetic coupling between adjacent grains, forming actually large grains, resulting in a large local stray magnetic field. Once an inverse magnetization domain nucleus is formed in a local area, it will cause the inverse magnetization of the entire large grain, thus resulting in the anisotropy field of the current commercial sintered neodymium iron boron magnet being only 20%-40% of the Nd 2 Fe 14 B compound. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a production line system for neodymium iron boron rare earth permanent magnetic material products and a manufacturing method for neodymium iron boron rare earth permanent magnetic material products, whereby the main phase of the grains of the prepared neodymium iron boron material is uniformly coated with a neodymium-rich phase, and the coercivity can be significantly improved.

[0005] To this end, the present invention provides a production line system for neodymium iron boron rare earth permanent magnetic material products, including a raw material preparation station and a blank forming station arranged in sequence along the production process. The first alloy powder containing neodymium, iron, and boron is generated and supplied by the raw material preparation station. It is characterized in that a raw material processing device is provided between the raw material preparation station and the blank forming station. The first alloy powder from the raw material preparation station passes through a second alloy melt containing at least one component of neodymium, iron, and boron in the raw material processing device to adjust the neodymium-rich phase. The raw material processing device prepares neodymium iron boron magnetic powder and transports it to the subsequent connected blank forming station.

[0006] According to one embodiment, the raw material processing equipment is equipped with a first blower, which blows a first alloy powder through a protective gas and makes it pass through the second alloy melt. Preferably, the blowing direction of the first blower is adjustable.

[0007] According to one embodiment, the raw material processing equipment is equipped with a smelting device for preparing the second alloy melt and a holding furnace for adjusting the temperature of the second alloy melt.

[0008] Advantageously, the holding furnace is equipped with a funnel-shaped nozzle and a valve, and a curtain of the second alloy melt with a predetermined thickness is released by the nozzle and the valve for the first alloy powder to be processed to pass through.

[0009] Advantageously, the first alloy powder is introduced into the raw material processing equipment via a guiding channel, and the distance between the outlet of the guiding channel and the outlet of the second alloy melt on the holding furnace and / or the liquid level of the second alloy melt is adjustable.

[0010] Advantageously, the holding furnace is equipped with a second blower, and a protective gas is blown into the holding furnace through the second blower to adjust the flow rate of the second alloy melt flowing out of the holding furnace.

[0011] According to one embodiment, the raw material processing equipment is equipped with devices for adjusting pressure and temperature at least in a local area inside it, and the devices include at least one third blower and at least one Roots pump.

[0012] According to one embodiment, the raw material preparation station includes a vacuum induction casting furnace, a hydrogen crushing furnace, and a jet mill for powder making. The first alloy is melted into a casting through the vacuum induction casting furnace, the casting is subjected to hydrogen crushing treatment in the hydrogen crushing furnace, and the first alloy particles obtained by coarse crushing in the hydrogen crushing furnace are made into powder in the jet mill for powder making to produce the first alloy powder.

[0013] According to one embodiment, the green body forming station is equipped with a forming die, a magnetic field applying device, and an isostatic press. Among them, the neodymium iron boron magnetic powder prepared by the raw material processing equipment is sent into the forming die, oriented through the magnetic field applying device, and pressed into a green body, and the green body is put into the isostatic press to be pressurized and kept under pressure to make a green body.

[0014] According to one embodiment, the production line system includes a finished product sintering station arranged downstream of the green body forming station along the production process, and the neodymium iron boron rare earth permanent magnet material product is manufactured at the finished product sintering station. The finished product sintering station may be equipped with a vacuum sintering furnace.

[0015] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a manufacturing method for a neodymium iron boron rare earth permanent magnet material product, including the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: Provide a first alloy powder containing neodymium, iron, and boron;

[0017] Step 2: Mold a blank;

[0018] Step 3: Sinter the blank to obtain a neodymium-iron-boron rare earth permanent magnet material product;

[0019] It is characterized in that there is a raw material treatment step between Step 1 and Step 2. In this raw material treatment step, the first alloy powder is passed through a second alloy melt containing at least one component of neodymium, iron, and boron to adjust the neodymium-rich phase, thereby preparing the neodymium-iron-boron magnetic powder to be molded.

[0020] Herein, it can be specified that:

[0021] The composition expression of the first alloy is: R1 x1 G 100-x1-y1-z1 Q y1 J z1 ,

[0022] The composition expression of the second alloy is: R2 x2 G 100-x2-y2-z2 Q y2 J z2 ,

[0023] where x1, x2, y1, y2, z1, z2 represent the weight percentages of elements and the ranges are as follows:

[0024] x1 = 27% - 31%, y1 = 0.5% - 1.5%, z1 = 0.1% - 8%,

[0025] x2 = 0% - 99%, y2 = 0% - 1.5%, z2 = 0% - 99%,

[0026] R1 represents one or more of the rare earth elements Nd and the rare earth elements La, Ce, Pr, Sm, Gd, Dy, Tb, Ho, Er, Eu, Tm, Lu, Y;

[0027] R2 represents one or more of the rare earth elements Nd and the rare earth elements La, Ce, Pr, Sm, Gd, Dy, Tb, Ho, Er, Eu, Tm, Lu, Y;

[0028] Q represents one or more of the elements B and the elements C, S;

[0029] J represents one or more of the elements V, Ta, Mo, W, Cr, Al, Ti, Hf, Mn, Ni, Ge, Sn, Bi, Sb, Si, Zn, Ga, Zr, Cu, Nb;

[0030] G represents one or more of the element Fe and the elements Ru, Co, and Ni.

[0031] According to a specific design scheme, the step 1 includes the following sub-steps:

[0032] (1) manufacturing a first alloy sheet, wherein the first alloy raw material is mixed according to the first alloy composition and smelted into a cast sheet in a vacuum induction casting furnace;

[0033] (2) Coarse crushing: placing the first alloy casting in a hydrogen crushing furnace and performing a hydrogen crushing process;

[0034] (3) Air jet milling: the coarsely crushed first alloy particles are ground into powder in an air jet mill and placed in a heat-insulating furnace.

[0035] According to a specific design scheme, the raw material processing step includes the following sub-steps:

[0036] (1) preparing a second alloy melt, wherein the second alloy is smelted in a smelting device and the temperature of the second alloy melt is maintained at 500-1000° C.;

[0037] (2) Preparing NdFeB magnetic powder, blowing out the first alloy powder through a protective gas, passing it through a second alloy melt, and then cooling it under a protective atmosphere to form the NdFeB magnetic powder to be formed.

[0038] According to a specific design scheme, in step 2, the NdFeB magnetic powder to be formed is placed in a forming press mold under a protective gas and oriented by a magnetic field. After orientation, the green body is pressed and formed into a green body. The green body is placed in an isostatic press and pressurized and maintained to form a blank.

[0039] According to a specific design scheme, in step three, the blank is first stripped of oil under a protective atmosphere, and then placed in a vacuum sintering furnace for dehydrogenation, high-temperature sintering, and tempering. After tempering, it is cooled to room temperature with nitrogen air, and the finished NdFeB rare earth permanent magnet material product is obtained when it is taken out of the furnace.

[0040] Advantageously, in the raw material processing step, the initial speed of the first alloy powder passing through the second alloy melt is 0.01 m / s-1000 m / s.

[0041] Advantageously, in the raw material processing step, the first alloy powder is introduced through the guide channel and blown toward the second alloy melt by the blower, wherein the angle between the extension direction of the guide channel and the blowing direction is set to 0-90 degrees.

[0042] Advantageously, in the raw material processing step, the first alloy powder is introduced via a guiding channel, wherein the horizontal distance between the outlet of the guiding channel and the second alloy melt is adjusted to be 1 mm - 20 mm.

[0043] Advantageously, in the raw material processing step, the first alloy powder is introduced via a guiding channel, wherein the vertical distance between the outlet of the guiding channel and the outlet of the second alloy melt is adjusted to be 1 mm - 20 mm.

[0044] Advantageously, in the raw material processing step, the second alloy melt is introduced in the form of a hanging curtain for the first alloy powder to pass through, wherein the thickness of the second alloy melt is 0.5 mm - 20 mm.

[0045] Advantageously, in the raw material processing step, the flow rate of the second alloy melt is adjusted to be 0.5 m / s - 1000 m / s.

[0046] Advantageously, the particle size of the first alloy powder is 1 µm - 200 µm.

[0047] Advantageously, the blowing gas for blowing the first alloy powder is one or both of nitrogen and argon.

[0048] Advantageously, the temperature of the blowing gas is adjusted to be 10 - 600 °C.

[0049] Thus, the present invention allows for the implementation of a process flow for preparing a neodymium iron boron magnet, which includes one or more of the following steps:

[0050] One: Melting an A1 alloy (or "first alloy" as described above) with the composition expression of R1 x1 G 100-x1-y1-z1 Q y1 J z1 , subjecting it to hydrogen crushing and airflow milling for fragmentation, and storing it in a holding furnace;

[0051] Two: Placing the raw material of an A2 alloy (or "second alloy" as described above) with the composition expression of R2 x2 G 100-x2-y2-z2 Q y2 J z2 into a melting furnace for melting;

[0052] Three: Adjusting the valve of the holding furnace, controlling the flow rate of the A1 alloy powder, and turning on the blower to adjust the wind speed to blow out the A1 alloy powder;

[0053] Four: Adjusting the supply valve of the A2 alloy below the melting furnace, turning on the blower, and controlling the flow rate of the A2 alloy liquid;

[0054] 5. After the A1 alloy powder passes through the A2 alloy liquid, it is cooled and blown by a blower, and the prepared magnetic powder is collected.

[0055] 6. The magnetic powder prepared is used to manufacture magnets through processes such as pressing, magnetic powder orientation, sintering, and tempering.

[0056] Generally speaking, for manufacturing sintered Nd-Fe-B rare earth permanent magnet products, the production process of the present invention mainly includes: for the A1 alloy raw material formed by mainly melting Nd and rare earth elements such as La, Ce, Pr, Sm, Gd, Dy, Tb, Ho, Er, Eu, Tm, Lu, Y, etc., the A1 alloy is powdered in a jet mill, and the powder is further collected and sieved; the A1 alloy powder is blown out through a protective gas to pass through the unfrozen A2 alloy liquid, and Nd-Fe-B magnetic powder is formed through cooling; the Nd-Fe-B magnetic powder is sent into a magnetic field press for molding, and permanent magnet products are made through sintering, aging treatment, etc. Accordingly, the present invention can achieve the controllability and uniformity of the content of the rare earth-rich phase on the surface of the main phase, save the usage amount of heavy rare earths, and at the same time improve the magnetic energy product and coercivity of the rare earth permanent magnet.

[0057] Compared with the prior art, Nd-Fe-B magnetic bodies with more excellent performance can be obtained according to the present invention. Particularly importantly, the coercivity of the magnet is significantly improved. Description of the Drawings

[0058] Figure 1 It is a schematic connection layout diagram of a production line system for Nd-Fe-B rare earth permanent magnet materials products.

[0059] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a raw material processing device.

[0060] Wherein: I - raw material preparation station; II - blank forming station; III - finished product sintering station; A - raw material processing device; M1 - first holding furnace; M2 - first blower; M3 - melting furnace; M4 - second holding furnace; M5 - second blower; M6 - vacuum pump; M7 - third blower; M8 - fourth blower; M9 - third holding furnace. Detailed Embodiments

[0061] Next, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments only relate to a part of the implementation forms of the present application, rather than all the implementation forms. Based on the embodiments disclosed in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0062] The terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth", etc. in the description and claims of this application are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order. In addition, the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but optionally also includes steps or units not specifically listed, or optionally also includes other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices. Those skilled in the art should understand that in the description of the specification and claims of this application, the orientation or positional relationships indicated by the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device, mechanism, structure or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the above terms should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0063] The mention of "embodiment" in this context means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one implementation form of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various positions in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. Those skilled in the art explicitly and implicitly understand that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0064] As Figure 1 shown, the present invention provides a production line system for a neodymium iron boron rare earth permanent magnet material product, including a raw material preparation station I and a blank forming station II arranged in sequence along the production process. The first alloy (hereinafter also referred to as "A1 alloy") powder containing neodymium, iron, and boron is generated and supplied by the raw material preparation station. Among them, a raw material processing device is arranged between the raw material preparation station and the blank forming station. The first alloy powder from the raw material preparation station passes through a second alloy (hereinafter also referred to as "A2 alloy") melt containing at least one component of neodymium, iron, and boron in the raw material processing device to adjust the neodymium-rich phase. The raw material processing device prepares neodymium iron boron magnetic powder and transports it to the subsequent connected blank forming station.

[0065] Figure 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of the raw material processing device A. According to the illustrated embodiment, the raw material processing device A may include devices such as a first holding furnace M1, a first blower M2, a melting furnace M3, a second holding furnace M4, a second blower M5, a vacuum pump M6, a third blower M7, a fourth blower M8, and a third holding furnace M9.

[0066] According to one embodiment, the raw material processing equipment is equipped with a first blower M2, which blows a first alloy powder through a protective gas and makes it pass through the second alloy melt. Preferably, the blowing direction of the first blower is adjustable. The raw material processing equipment is equipped with a smelting device (i.e., a melting furnace M3) for preparing the second alloy melt and a holding furnace (i.e., a second holding furnace M4) for adjusting the temperature of the second alloy melt. The holding furnace is equipped with a funnel-shaped nozzle and a valve, and a curtain of the second alloy melt with a predetermined thickness is released from the nozzle and the valve for the first alloy powder to be processed to pass through. The holding furnace is also equipped with a second blower M5, and a protective gas is blown into the holding furnace through the second blower to adjust the flow rate of the second alloy melt flowing out of the holding furnace.

[0067] Advantageously, the first alloy powder is introduced into the raw material processing equipment via a guiding channel, and the distance between the outlet of the guiding channel and the outlet of the second alloy melt and / or the liquid level of the second alloy melt on the holding furnace (i.e., the second holding furnace M4) is adjustable.

[0068] According to one embodiment, the raw material processing equipment is equipped with devices for adjusting the pressure and temperature at least in a local area inside it, and the devices include at least one third blower and at least one Roots pump (or vacuum pump).

[0069] According to one embodiment, the raw material preparation station I includes a vacuum induction casting furnace, a hydrogen crushing furnace, and a jet mill powder-making equipment. The first alloy is melted into a casting through the vacuum induction casting furnace, the casting is subjected to hydrogen crushing treatment in the hydrogen crushing furnace, and the first alloy particles obtained by coarse crushing in the hydrogen crushing furnace are powdered in the jet mill powder-making equipment to produce the first alloy powder.

[0070] According to one embodiment, the blank forming station II is equipped with a forming die, a magnetic field applying device, and an isostatic press. Among them, the neodymium-iron-boron magnetic powder prepared by the raw material processing equipment is fed into the forming die, oriented through the magnetic field applying device, and pressed into a green body, and the green body is put into the isostatic press for pressurization and pressure holding to form a blank.

[0071] According to one embodiment, the production line system includes a finished product sintering station III arranged downstream of the blank forming station along the production process, and the neodymium-iron-boron rare earth permanent magnet material product is manufactured at the finished product sintering station. The finished product sintering station may be equipped with a vacuum sintering furnace.

[0072] Correspondingly, according to another aspect of the present invention, a manufacturing method for a neodymium-iron-boron rare earth permanent magnet material product is provided, including the following steps:

[0073] Step 1: Provide a first alloy powder containing neodymium, iron, and boron;

[0074] Step 2: Mould a blank;

[0075] Step 3: Sinter the blank to obtain a neodymium-iron-boron rare earth permanent magnet material product;

[0076] It is characterized in that a raw material treatment step is provided between Step 1 and Step 2. In this raw material treatment step, the first alloy powder is passed through a second alloy melt containing at least one of the components of neodymium, iron, and boron to adjust the neodymium-rich phase, thereby preparing the neodymium-iron-boron magnetic powder to be moulded.

[0077] Herein, it can be stipulated that:

[0078] The composition expression of the first alloy is: R1 x1 G 100-x1-y1-z1 Q y1 J z1 ,

[0079] The composition expression of the second alloy is: R2 x2 G 100-x2-y2-z2 Q y2 J z2 ,

[0080] wherein x1, x2, y1, y2, z1, z2 represent the weight percentages of elements and the ranges are as follows:

[0081] x1 = 27% - 31%, y1 = 0.5% - 1.5%, z1 = 0.1% - 8%,

[0082] x2 = 0% - 99%, y2 = 0% - 1.5%, z2 = 0% - 99%,

[0083] R1 represents one or more of the rare earth elements Nd and rare earth elements La, Ce, Pr, Sm, Gd, Dy, Tb, Ho, Er, Eu, Tm, Lu, Y;

[0084] R2 represents one or more of the rare earth elements Nd and rare earth elements La, Ce, Pr, Sm, Gd, Dy, Tb, Ho, Er, Eu, Tm, Lu, Y;

[0085] Q represents one or more of the elements B and elements C, S;

[0086] J represents one or more of the elements V, Ta, Mo, W, Cr, Al, Ti, Hf, Mn, Ni, Ge, Sn, Bi, Sb, Si, Zn, Ga, Zr, Cu, Nb;

[0087] G represents one or more of the elements Fe and Ru, Co, Ni.

[0088] According to a specific design, the first step includes the following sub-steps:

[0089] (1) Manufacture the first alloy sheet. Among them, according to the first alloy composition, the first alloy raw materials are melted into a cast sheet in a vacuum induction casting furnace;

[0090] (2) Coarse crushing. Place the first alloy cast sheet in a hydrogen crushing furnace and perform hydrogen crushing process treatment;

[0091] (3) Jet milling to make powder. Jet mill the coarsely crushed first alloy particles into powder in a jet mill and place them in a holding furnace.

[0092] According to a specific design, the raw material treatment step includes the following sub-steps:

[0093] (1) Prepare the second alloy melt. Among them, smelt the second alloy in a smelting device and keep the temperature of the second alloy melt at 500 - 1000 °C;

[0094] (2) Prepare NdFeB magnetic powder. Blow out the first alloy powder through a protective gas and make it pass through the second alloy melt, and then cool it under a protective atmosphere to form the NdFeB magnetic powder to be formed.

[0095] According to a specific design, in the second step, the NdFeB magnetic powder to be formed is placed in a forming press die under a protective gas, a magnetic field is applied for orientation, and after orientation, it is pressed into a green body. The green body is placed in an isostatic press for pressurization and pressure holding to form a billet.

[0096] According to a specific design, in the third step, the billet is first degreased under a protective atmosphere, and then placed in a vacuum sintering furnace for dehydrogenation, high-temperature sintering, and tempering. After tempering, it is air-cooled to room temperature with nitrogen, and the manufactured NdFeB rare earth permanent magnet material product is obtained after leaving the furnace.

[0097] Advantageously, in the raw material treatment step, the initial velocity of the first alloy powder passing through the second alloy melt is 0.01 m / s - 1000 m / s.

[0098] Advantageously, in the raw material treatment step, the first alloy powder is introduced through a guiding channel and blown towards the second alloy melt by a blower. Among them, the angle formed between the extending direction of the guiding channel and the blowing direction is adjusted to 0 - 90 degrees.

[0099] Advantageously, in the raw material treatment step, the first alloy powder is introduced through a guiding channel. Among them, the horizontal distance between the outlet of the guiding channel and the second alloy melt is adjusted to 1 mm - 20 mm.

[0100] Advantageously, in the raw material processing step, the first alloy powder is introduced via a guiding channel, wherein the vertical distance between the outlet of the guiding channel and the outlet of the second alloy melt is adjusted to be 1 mm - 20 mm.

[0101] Advantageously, in the raw material processing step, the second alloy melt is introduced in the form of a hanging curtain for the first alloy powder to pass through, wherein the thickness of the second alloy melt is 0.5 mm - 20 mm.

[0102] Advantageously, in the raw material processing step, the flow velocity of the second alloy melt is adjusted to be 0.5 m / s - 1000 m / s.

[0103] Advantageously, the particle size of the first alloy powder is 1 µm - 200 µm.

[0104] Advantageously, the blowing gas for blowing the first alloy powder is one or both of nitrogen and argon.

[0105] Advantageously, the temperature of the blowing gas is adjusted to be 10 - 600 °C.

[0106] The technical solution of the present invention will be further explained below through specific embodiments, and it should be understood that these embodiments are all exemplary and not restrictive.

[0107] Example 1

[0108] (1) First, alloy sheets are manufactured: The A1 alloy raw materials are proportioned according to the A1 alloy composition, melted into cast sheets in a vacuum induction casting furnace, and the average thickness of the cast sheets is 0.3 - 0.45 mm;

[0109] (2) Then, the A1 alloy cast sheets are placed in a hydrogen crushing furnace for hydrogen crushing process treatment to obtain primary crushed powder with a particle size within 10 mm;

[0110] (3) The above-mentioned primary crushed powder after hydrogen crushing is ground by a jet mill process to A1 alloy powder with a particle diameter range of 3 µm - 5 µm, and then the A1 alloy powder is placed in the above-mentioned equipment;

[0111] (4) The A2 alloy raw materials are proportioned according to the A2 alloy composition and placed in Figure 2 the device shown and smelted into a liquid state;

[0112] (5) Adjust the Figure 2 width of the lower outlet of the M4 device shown to ensure that the thickness of the A2 alloy liquid is 5 mm, and at the same time, the M5 fan blows argon into the M4 to ensure that the flow velocity of the A2 alloy liquid is 5 m / s;

[0113] (6) Argon is blown out from the M2 fan with a wind speed of 20 m / s and a temperature of 100 °C. At this time, the angle between the device containing the A1 alloy powder and the horizontal plane is 15°. The A1 alloy powder passes through the A2 alloy liquid to obtain neodymium iron boron magnetic powder;

[0114] (7) The mixed powder is vertically oriented and pressed into a shape in a 1.8 T magnetic field, and then pressed into a blank by an isostatic pressing process;

[0115] (8) The above blank is placed in a high-vacuum sintering furnace and sintered at 1050 °C for 2 h. The first-stage tempering temperature is 900 °C, the time is 2 h, the second-stage tempering temperature is 500 °C, and the time is 3 h to obtain neodymium iron boron magnetic material.

[0116] After polishing the surface of the high-performance neodymium iron boron magnet obtained by the above preparation process, performance testing is carried out according to the magnetic property test method for permanent magnet (hard magnet) materials of GB / T 3217. The measured magnetic properties are as follows:

[0117] Remanence Br: 13.98 KGs

[0118] Intrinsic coercivity Hcj: 15.11 KOe

[0119] Coercivity Hcb: 13.05 KOe

[0120] Magnetic energy product BH(max): 46.85 MGOe

[0121] Squareness HK / Hcj: 0.98

[0122] It can be seen from the above test results that the performance of the high-performance neodymium iron boron magnet obtained according to the present invention is relatively ideal.

[0123] Example 2

[0124] (1) First, alloy sheets are manufactured: The A1 alloy raw materials are proportioned according to the A1 alloy composition, melted into sheets in a vacuum induction casting furnace, and the average thickness of the sheets is 0.3 - 0.45 mm;

[0125] (2) Then, the A1 alloy sheets are placed in a hydrogenation crusher for hydrogen crushing process treatment to obtain primary crushed powder with a particle size within 10 mm;

[0126] (3) The above primary crushed powder after hydrogen crushing is ground by a jet mill process to A1 alloy powder with a particle diameter range of 3 μm - 5 μm, and then the A1 alloy powder is placed in the above equipment;

[0127] (4) The A2 alloy raw materials are proportioned according to the A2 alloy composition and placed in the Figure 2 shown device and smelted into a liquid state;

[0128] (5) Adjust Figure 2The width of the lower end outlet of the M4 device is shown, ensuring that the thickness of the A2 alloy liquid is 5 mm. At the same time, the M5 blower blows argon into the M4 to ensure that the flow velocity of the A2 alloy liquid is 5 m / s;

[0129] (6) Argon is blown out from the M2 blower at a wind speed of 10 m / s and a temperature of 100 °C. At this time, the angle between the device containing the A1 alloy powder and the horizontal plane is 15°. The A1 alloy powder passes through the A2 alloy liquid to obtain neodymium iron boron magnetic powder;

[0130] (7) The mixed powder is vertically oriented and pressed into shape in a 1.8 T magnetic field, and then pressed into a blank by an isostatic pressing process;

[0131] (8) The above blank is placed in a high-vacuum sintering furnace and sintered at 1050 °C for 2 h, the first tempering temperature is 900 °C, the time is 2 h, the second tempering temperature is 500 °C, and the time is 3 h to obtain neodymium iron boron magnetic material.

[0132] After polishing the surface of the high-performance neodymium iron boron magnet obtained by the above preparation process, performance testing is carried out according to the magnetic test method for permanent magnet (hard magnet) materials in GB / T 3217. The measured magnetic properties are as follows:

[0133] Remanence Br: 13.58 KGs

[0134] Intrinsic coercivity Hcj: 15.32 KOe

[0135] Coercivity Hcb: 13.23 KOe

[0136] Magnetic energy product BH(max): 46.75 MGOe

[0137] Squareness HK / Hcj: 0.97

[0138] From the above test results, it can be seen that the performance of the high-performance neodymium iron boron magnet obtained according to the present invention is relatively ideal.

[0139] Example 3

[0140] (1) First, alloy sheets are manufactured: The A1 alloy raw materials are weighed according to the A1 alloy composition and melted into sheets in a vacuum induction casting furnace. The average thickness of the sheets is 0.3 - 0.45 mm;

[0141] (2) Then, the A1 alloy sheets are placed in a hydrogenation and crushing furnace for hydrogenation and crushing process treatment to obtain primary crushed powder with a particle size within 10 mm;

[0142] (3) The above primary crushed powder after hydrogenation and crushing is ground by a jet mill process to A1 alloy powder with a particle diameter range of 3 μm - 5 μm, and then the A1 alloy powder is placed in the above equipment;

[0143] (4) Weigh the raw materials according to the composition of A2 alloy, and place the A2 alloy raw materials in the Figure 2 device shown in the figure, and smelt them into a liquid state;

[0144] (5) Adjust the Figure 2 width of the lower outlet of the M4 device shown in the figure to ensure that the thickness of the A2 alloy liquid is 5 mm. At the same time, the M5 blower blows argon into the M4 to ensure that the flow rate of the A2 alloy liquid is 5 m / s;

[0145] (6) The argon gas blown out by the M2 blower has a wind speed of 5 m / s and a temperature of 100 °C. At this time, the angle between the device containing the A1 alloy powder and the horizontal plane is 15°. The A1 alloy powder passes through the A2 alloy liquid to obtain neodymium iron boron magnetic powder;

[0146] (7) Vertically orient and press the mixed powder in a 1.8 T magnetic field, and then press it into a blank by an isostatic pressing process;

[0147] (8) Put the above blank into a high-vacuum sintering furnace and sinter it at 1050 °C for 2 h. The first-stage tempering temperature is 900 °C, the time is 2 h, the second-stage tempering temperature is 500 °C, and the time is 3 h to obtain the neodymium iron boron magnetic material.

[0148] After polishing the surface of the high-performance neodymium iron boron magnet obtained by the above preparation process, perform performance testing according to the magnetic property test method of permanent magnet (hard magnet) materials in GB / T 3217. The measured magnetic properties are as follows:

[0149] Remanence Br: 14.28 KGs

[0150] Intrinsic coercivity Hcj: 14.02 KOe

[0151] Coercivity Hcb: 12.15 KOe

[0152] Maximum energy product BH(max): 44.25 MGOe

[0153] Squareness HK / Hcj: 0.97

[0154] From the above test results, it can be seen that the performance of the high-performance neodymium iron boron magnet obtained according to the present invention is relatively ideal.

[0155] The above description of the embodiments is only used to help understand the core idea of the present application. Of course, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the idea of the present application, various modifications or supplements can be made to the described specific embodiments, or similar methods can be used for substitution, without departing from the spirit of the present invention or exceeding the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A production line system for neodymium-iron-boron rare earth permanent magnet material products, including a raw material preparation station and a blank forming station arranged in sequence along the production process. The first alloy powder containing neodymium, iron, and boron is generated and supplied by the raw material preparation station. It is characterized in that a raw material treatment device is provided between the raw material preparation station and the blank forming station. The first alloy powder from the raw material preparation station passes through a second alloy melt containing at least one component of neodymium, iron, and boron in the raw material treatment device to adjust the neodymium-rich phase. The raw material treatment device prepares neodymium-iron-boron magnetic powder and transports it to the subsequent connected blank forming station. The first alloy powder is introduced into the raw material treatment device via a guiding channel. The raw material treatment device is equipped with a first blower, which blows the first alloy powder through a protective gas and makes it pass through the second alloy melt. The raw material treatment device is equipped with a smelting device for preparing the second alloy melt and a holding furnace for adjusting the temperature of the second alloy melt. The holding furnace is equipped with a funnel-shaped nozzle and a valve, and a curtain of the second alloy melt with a predetermined thickness is released by the nozzle and the valve for the first alloy powder to be treated to pass through.

2. The production line system according to claim 1, It is characterized in that the blowing direction of the first blower is adjustable.

3. The production line system according to claim 1, It is characterized in that the distance between the outlet of the guiding channel and the outlet of the second alloy melt on the holding furnace and / or the liquid level of the second alloy melt is adjustable.

4. The production line system according to claim 1, It is characterized in that the holding furnace is equipped with a second blower, and a protective gas is blown into the holding furnace through the second blower to adjust the flow rate of the second alloy melt flowing out of the holding furnace.

5. The production line system according to claim 1, It is characterized in that the raw material treatment device is equipped with a device for adjusting pressure and temperature at least in a local area inside it, and the device includes at least one third blower and at least one Roots pump.

6. The production line system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, It is characterized in that the raw material preparation station includes a vacuum induction casting furnace, a hydrogenation crusher, and a jet mill for powder making. The first alloy is melted into cast sheets by the vacuum induction casting furnace, the cast sheets are subjected to hydrogen embrittlement treatment in the hydrogenation crusher, and the first alloy particles obtained by coarse crushing in the hydrogenation crusher are powdered in the jet mill for powder making to produce the first alloy powder.

7. The production line system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, It is characterized in that the blank forming station is equipped with a forming die, a magnetic field applying device, and an isostatic press. Among them, the neodymium-iron-boron magnetic powder prepared by the raw material treatment device is sent into the forming die and oriented by the magnetic field applying device, and is pressed into a green body, and the green body is put into the isostatic press for pressurization and pressure holding to form a blank.

8. The production line system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, It is characterized in that The production line system includes a finished product sintering station arranged downstream of the blank forming station along the production process, and the neodymium iron boron rare earth permanent magnet material product is manufactured at the finished product sintering station.

9. The production line system according to claim 8, characterized in that, the finished product sintering station is equipped with a vacuum sintering furnace.

10. A manufacturing method for neodymium iron boron rare earth permanent magnet material products, characterized in that, using the production line system according to any one of claims 1 to 9 to manufacture neodymium iron boron rare earth permanent magnet material products, including the following steps: Step 1, providing a first alloy powder containing neodymium, iron, and boron; Step 2, forming a blank; Step 3, sintering the blank to obtain a neodymium iron boron rare earth permanent magnet material product; characterized in that there is a raw material treatment step between Step 1 and Step 2, and in this raw material treatment step, the first alloy powder is made to pass through a second alloy melt containing at least one of neodymium, iron, and boron to perform neodymium-rich phase adjustment, thereby preparing the neodymium iron boron magnetic powder to be formed. Among them, in this raw material treatment step, the first alloy powder is introduced via a guiding channel and blown towards the second alloy melt by a blower, and the second alloy melt is introduced in the form of a hanging curtain for the first alloy powder to pass through; The raw material treatment step includes the following sub-steps: (1) Preparing the second alloy melt, wherein the second alloy is smelted in a smelting device and the temperature of the second alloy melt is maintained at 500 - 1000 °C; (2) Preparing the neodymium iron boron magnetic powder, blowing out the first alloy powder through a protective gas, making it pass through the second alloy melt, and then cooling it under a protective atmosphere to form the neodymium iron boron magnetic powder to be formed.

11. The manufacturing method according to claim 10, characterized in that, The composition expression of the first alloy is: R1 x1 G 100-x1-y1-z1 Q y1 J z1 , The composition expression of the second alloy is: R2 x2 G 100-x2-y2-z2 Q y2 J z2 , where x1, x2, y1, y2, z1, z2 represent element weight percentages and the ranges are as follows: x1 = 27% - 31%, y1 = 0.5% - 1.5%, z1 = 0.1% - 8%, x2 = 0% - 99%, y2 = 0% - 1.5%, z2 = 0% - 99%, R1 represents one or more of the rare earth elements Nd and the rare earth elements La, Ce, Pr, Sm, Gd, Dy, Tb, Ho, Er, Eu, Tm, Lu, Y; R2 represents one or more of the rare earth elements Nd and the rare earth elements La, Ce, Pr, Sm, Gd, Dy, Tb, Ho, Er, Eu, Tm, Lu, Y; Q represents one or more of the elements B and the elements C, S; J represents one or more of the elements V, Ta, Mo, W, Cr, Al, Ti, Hf, Mn, Ni, Ge, Sn, Bi, Sb, Si, Zn, Ga, Zr, Cu, Nb; G represents one or more of the elements Fe and the elements Ru, Co, Ni.

12. The manufacturing method according to claim 10, characterized in that, Step 1 includes the following sub-steps: (1) Manufacturing the first alloy sheet, wherein, according to the first alloy composition, the first alloy raw materials are melted into sheets in a vacuum induction casting furnace; (2) Coarse crushing: Place the first alloy casting sheet in a hydrogen crushing furnace and perform hydrogen crushing process treatment. (3) Jet milling for powder production: Produce powder from the coarsely crushed first alloy particles in a jet mill and place it in a holding furnace.

13. The manufacturing method according to claim 10, characterized in that, in the second step, the neodymium iron boron magnetic powder to be formed is placed in a forming press die under a protective gas, subjected to magnetic field orientation, and then pressed into a green compact after orientation, and the green compact is placed in an isostatic press for pressurization and pressure holding to form a billet.

14. The manufacturing method according to claim 10, characterized in that, in the third step, the billet is first degreased under a protective atmosphere, and then placed in a vacuum sintering furnace for dehydrogenation, high-temperature sintering, and tempering. After tempering, it is air-cooled to room temperature with nitrogen, and the manufactured neodymium iron boron rare earth permanent magnet material product is obtained when it is taken out of the furnace.

15. The manufacturing method according to any one of claims 10 to 14, characterized in that, in the raw material treatment step, the initial speed of the first alloy powder passing through the second alloy melt is 0.01 m / s - 1000 m / s.

16. The manufacturing method according to any one of claims 10 to 14, characterized in that, wherein, the angle formed between the extending direction of the guiding channel and the blowing direction is adjusted to 0 - 90 degrees.

17. The manufacturing method according to any one of claims 10 to 14, characterized in that, wherein, the horizontal distance between the outlet of the guiding channel and the second alloy melt is adjusted to 1 mm - 20 mm.

18. The manufacturing method according to any one of claims 10 to 14, characterized in that, wherein, the vertical distance between the outlet of the guiding channel and the outlet of the second alloy melt is adjusted to 1 mm - 20 mm.

19. The manufacturing method according to any one of claims 10 to 14, characterized in that, wherein, the thickness of the second alloy melt is 0.5 mm - 20 mm.

20. The manufacturing method according to any one of claims 10 to 14, characterized in that, in the raw material treatment step, the flow rate of the second alloy melt is adjusted to 0.5 m / s - 1000 m / s.

21. The manufacturing method according to any one of claims 10 to 14, characterized in that, the particle size of the first alloy powder is 1 µm - 200 µm.

22. The manufacturing method according to claim 16, characterized in that, the blowing gas for blowing the first alloy powder is one or both of nitrogen and argon.

23. The manufacturing method according to claim 22, characterized in that, the temperature of the blowing gas is adjusted to 10 - 600 °C.

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