A colored solar panel with a cloth-textured coating, a production method thereof, and a colored solar photovoltaic module

Abstract

The present invention discloses a color solar panel with a cloth-textured coating and a production method thereof, the production method comprising the following steps: (1) printing LED light-curing color ink on a transparent substrate through a screen to form a color coating similar to a cloth-textured pattern; (2) irradiating the color coating with LED light to preliminarily cure the color coating and keep the cloth-textured pattern from deforming; (3) heating and post-curing the preliminarily cured color coating to form a color solar panel with a cloth-textured coating with high light transmittance; in terms of the mass percentage of the raw materials, the LED light-curing color ink comprises: 45-65% photosensitive polymer; 12-27% photoactive diluent; 1-5% photosensitizer; 3-15% pigment; 1-10% thixotropic agent. The present invention also discloses the application of the color solar panel in a color solar photovoltaic module. The present invention creatively solves the contradiction that the aesthetics and light transmittance of solar products cannot be unified.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of solar photovoltaics, and in particular to a color solar panel with a cloth-textured coating, a production method thereof, and a color solar photovoltaic component. Background Art

[0002] If photovoltaics are to enter cities, aesthetics must come first. If solar energy is to enter cities, it must meet the public's aesthetic needs. Aesthetics is a prerequisite. No matter how efficient solar energy is, it cannot be promoted in large quantities in cities if it does not change its original appearance of being black, ugly and stupid. Colored solar energy is a rigid demand for urban carbon neutrality.

[0003] Since solar cells are dark blue or black, solar modules are also dark in color. How to make blue-black photovoltaic modules present bright colors without reducing light transmittance and affecting photoelectric conversion efficiency has become a technical obstacle to the development of solar energy. Printing a layer of colored coating on the surface of photovoltaic glass to cover the black bottom is an effective method, but it also reduces light transmittance and affects the power generation efficiency of solar products to varying degrees.

[0004] The Chinese patent document with application number CN202110281087.4 discloses a solar panel with a honeycomb color coating, a production method thereof, and a color solar photovoltaic module. The production method comprises the following steps: coating a UV color ink on a transparent substrate, preheating the substrate, irradiating the UV color coating with ultraviolet light for preliminary curing after preheating, and obliquely punching the preliminarily cured UV color coating with a laser beam to form light-transmitting holes, so that the UV color coating forms a honeycomb structure; heating and curing the perforated coating to form a solar panel with a honeycomb color coating;

[0005] The above laser etching and drilling process has a high degree of automation and improves the light transmittance, but the equipment investment is large and the production cost is high, which is not conducive to the large-scale promotion of color solar energy products.

[0006] The Chinese patent document with application number CN201210281099.7 discloses a method for producing a high-light-transmittance color solar panel and a color solar photovoltaic module. The method includes the following steps: applying UV-curable color ink on a transparent substrate to form a UV-curable color coating; pressing a template with a protrusion array with the UV-curable color coating to mechanically emboss the UV-curable color coating; irradiating the UV-curable color coating with ultraviolet light to dry and solidify the UV-curable color coating; removing the template to form light-transmitting holes complementary to the protrusion array on the color coating; post-curing the demoulding color coating to obtain the high-light-transmittance color solar panel. The mechanical embossing process does improve the light transmittance of the coating, but the production of the embossed template is expensive, the cost is high, and the process is complicated.

[0007] Therefore, it is necessary to develop high-efficiency, low-cost, pollution-free, low-investment, and highly transmittance colored photovoltaic products to facilitate mass production and application. Summary of the invention

[0008] The present invention provides a method for producing a color solar panel with a cloth-textured coating. LED light-cured color ink is directly leak-printed on a transparent substrate using a silk screen to form a color solar panel with a cloth-textured coating. The light transmittance is significantly improved and the process is simple.

[0009] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0010] A method for producing a colored solar panel with a cloth-textured coating comprises the following steps:

[0011] (1) LED light-curable color ink is screen-printed on a transparent substrate to form a color coating with a pattern similar to a cloth pattern;

[0012] (2) Irradiate the color coating with LED light to initially solidify the color coating and keep the fabric pattern from deforming;

[0013] (3) heating and curing the preliminarily cured color coating to form a color solar panel with a cloth-textured coating and high light transmittance;

[0014] Calculated by the mass percentage of raw materials, the LED light-curing color ink comprises: 45-65% of photosensitive polymer; 12-27% of photoactive diluent; 1-5% of photosensitizer; 3-15% of pigment; and 1-10% of thixotropic agent.

[0015] Photosensitive polymer is one of the main components of color coatings, which determines the adhesion of the cured film to the substrate, surface hardness and other properties. High-functionality fluorine-containing photosensitive resin can increase the surface hardness of the coating and improve the weather resistance of the coating. Low-energy curing photosensitive resin accelerates the LED light curing speed.

[0016] The photosensitive polymer is at least one of modified epoxy acrylate, fluorine-modified polyurethane acrylate, or low-energy LED light-cured modified polyester resin; the functionality is 2-6.

[0017] The photosensitive polymer has good yellowing resistance, low LED light curing energy and fast curing speed, ensuring that the color coating has excellent adhesion to the glass, weather resistance, salt spray resistance, and high and low temperature resistance.

[0018] Preferably, the photosensitive polymer is at least one of the following polymers:

[0019] Guangzhou Wuxing Material Technology Co., Ltd.'s low-energy curing, yellowing-resistant modified epoxy acrylate G5100X, G5200X, and G5292 have a functionality of 2; Zhongshan Qianyou Chemical Materials Co., Ltd.'s special modified epoxy resins UV1510C and UV1510A have a functionality of 2; Changxing Special Materials Co., Ltd.'s fluorine-modified polyurethane acrylate 61998 has a functionality of 15; Shanghai Baorun Chemical Co., Ltd.'s fluorine-modified polyurethane acrylate resin 7468 has a functionality of 4; Zhaoqing Baojun Chemical Co., Ltd.'s LED light-curing resin LED-UV3 with a functionality of 4, and LED light-curing resin LED-UV-6 with a functionality of 6.

[0020] The photoactive diluent is at least one of low-viscosity acrylate monomers, with a functionality of 1 to 6. The low-viscosity photoactive diluent is mainly used to adjust the viscosity of LED light-curable color ink and the performance of ink cured film.

[0021] Preferably, the photoactive diluent is at least one of isobornyl acrylate (IBOA), 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate (HDDA), ethoxylated 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate, acryloyl morpholine (ACMO), methacrylate oxetane, 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexyl acrylate, tricyclohexanedimethanol diacrylate (EM2204) and LED-43 monomer of Guangzhou Boxing Technology Co., Ltd.

[0022] The photosensitizer can be selected from conventional commercially available photosensitizers. Preferably, the photosensitizer is at least one of 1-hydroxycyclohexyl benzophenone (184), 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-1-propanone (1173), 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl-diphenylphosphine oxide (TPO), and phenylbis(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide (819).

[0023] The thixotropic agent is oleophilic or hydrophilic fumed silica; the specific surface area is 150-380 square meters / gram; the pH value is 3.9-4.5 (4% ​​suspension); and the silicon dioxide content is ≥99.8%.

[0024] Further preferably, the thixotropic agent is at least one of the hydrophilic HL150, HL200, HL300, HL380 and the lipophilic HB151, HB152, HB151D.

[0025] Thixotropic agents are mainly used to improve the thixotropy of inks, control fluidity, and ensure that the printed fabric texture will not level or disappear in a short period of time, thereby controlling the light transmittance of the fabric texture coating.

[0026] The adhesion promoter is a phosphate monomer with a double bond; further preferably, the adhesion promoter is at least one of 9107 and 9108 produced by Guangzhou Runao Chemical Materials Co., Ltd. and PM-2 produced by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.

[0027] The pigment is a weather-resistant pigment, which can be an inorganic pigment or an organic pigment; it can be transparent, such as colored pearl powder, colored rock flakes, etc.; it can also be opaque, such as metallic pigment flake aluminum powder, copper powder, inorganic pigment such as nano transparent iron oxide red, iron yellow, etc.

[0028] The transparent substrate is glass or a transparent plastic film. When the substrate is a transparent plastic film, the prepared solar panel can be used to prepare a flexible color solar photovoltaic module.

[0029] In step (1), the screen plate is a blank screen plate that has not been plated; relying on the texture of the screen cloth itself, the thixotropic UV ink is leak-printed to form a cloth pattern; the screen mesh number of the screen plate is 100-300 mesh; the wire diameter is 30-100 microns; and the color coating thickness is 10-50 microns.

[0030] Further preferably, the screen mesh number of the screen plate is 120-220 meshes; the wire diameter is 45-80 microns; and the color coating thickness is 15-35 microns.

[0031] The light transmittance of the color coating is related to the size of the screen wire diameter, the fluidity or thixotropy diameter of the LED light-cured color ink. The larger the wire diameter, the smaller the opening area, the less ink is leaked on the transparent substrate, and the higher the light transmittance; the stronger the ink thixotropy, the lower the fluidity, the clearer the printed dots, and the higher the light transmittance.

[0032] The light transmission area of ​​the cloth-textured coating is 3-45% of the total area of ​​the cloth-textured coating. This technical solution does not affect the color and appearance of the product, but can significantly improve the light transmittance of the coating.

[0033] Preferably, the light-transmitting area of ​​the cloth-textured coating is 5-30% of the total area of ​​the cloth-textured coating.

[0034] In step (2), irradiating the colored coating with LED light means irradiating the printed cloth texture coating with single-wavelength LED ultraviolet light, causing the substance in the liquid coating to undergo a photocuring reaction such as radiation polymerization or radiation cross-linking, allowing the colored coating to dry and cure quickly, especially the smaller cloth texture edges will not bleed or deform.

[0035] When ordinary UV light irradiates the colored coating in the air, it will produce ozone, pollute the environment, consume a lot of energy, and cannot be used for heat-sensitive plastic films; if the UV light energy is too small, the coating will not be completely cured, the surface hardness will be low, and the comprehensive performance such as water resistance will be poor; if the UV light energy is too large, the cured film will turn yellow, thus affecting the transmittance and photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0036] Preferably, the wavelength of the irradiated LED light is 365-405 nm; preferably 365 nm, 385 nm, 395 nm or 405 nm; most preferably 395 nm.

[0037] Different coating thicknesses and colors require different LED light energies for curing coatings. The energy of LED light irradiation is 150-1100 mJ / cm2.

[0038] In step (3), the post-curing by heating refers to IR heating of the light-cured color coating. Both the IR heating temperature and time will affect the comprehensive performance of the color coating. When the temperature is lower than 80°C, the performance improvement is not obvious, while when the temperature is higher than 200°C, the coating will turn yellow and age.

[0039] Preferably, the post-heating curing is IR heating curing; the temperature is 80-20° C.; and the time is 3-20 min.

[0040] More preferably, the temperature is 120-180° C. and the time is 3-10 min.

[0041] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a colored solar panel with a cloth-textured coating produced by the above production method.

[0042] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a colored solar photovoltaic assembly, including the colored solar panel with the cloth-textured coating.

[0043] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0044] (1) The production method of the present invention directly utilizes the fabric pattern of the silk screen cloth itself, and directly prints the LED light-curing ink on the transparent substrate to form a colored coating with a fabric texture, so that sunlight can pass through the gaps between the fabric patterns of the coating and directly irradiate the surface of the solar cell, significantly improving the light transmittance. The color and aesthetics of the produced colored solar panels are not affected, creatively solving the contradiction between the aesthetics and light transmittance of solar products;

[0045] (2) The production method of the present invention has a simple process, does not require the preparation of a photosensitive screen, does not require photosensitive adhesive, does not generate waste water, has a small investment, is low in cost, and is suitable for mass production;

[0046] (3) The production method of the present invention can conveniently control the light transmittance of the cloth-textured coating by changing the thickness of the mesh wire diameter, the size of the mesh, and the thixotropy of the LED light-curing ink, balance the light transmittance deviation between coatings of different colors, and keep the light transmittance of coatings of different colors similar, thereby broadening the color selection range of solar energy products, and reducing the hot spot effect of photovoltaic modules and the probability of burning photovoltaic modules;

[0047] (4) The LED light-curable ink of the present invention does not contain volatile VOCs, and LED ultraviolet light does not generate ozone, which has the advantages of being environmentally friendly, energy-saving, and highly efficient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the mesh structure of the silk screen;

[0049] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the pattern of the cloth-textured coating;

[0050] Figure 3 A cross-sectional diagram of a colored solar panel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] Example 1

[0052] Fabric-like golden LED coating formula (raw material mass percentage):

[0053]

[0054] The components in the above formula are stirred and ground evenly to make a toothpaste-like gold ink with obvious thixotropy. The toothpaste-like gold ink is printed on the glass surface using a 200-mesh blank screen with a wire diameter of 45 microns to obtain a 20-micron cloth-textured color coating with a light-transmitting cloth-textured area of ​​7%; the LED light curing wavelength is 395nm, and the irradiation energy is 400 millijoules / square centimeter; the light-cured glass is heated at 160°C for 7 minutes to obtain a cloth-textured gold solar glass panel. When viewed from a distance, it is a uniform gold glass, and when viewed from close up, the surface is a cloth-textured pattern. The physical and chemical indicators such as light transmittance are measured, see Appendix 1.

[0055] Example 2

[0056] Fabric-like golden LED coating formula (raw material mass percentage):

[0057]

[0058] The components in the above formula are stirred and ground evenly to make a toothpaste-like gold ink with obvious thixotropy. The toothpaste-like gold ink is printed on the glass surface using a 200-mesh blank screen with a wire diameter of 55 microns to obtain a 21-micron cloth-textured color coating with a light-transmitting cloth-textured area of ​​10%; the LED light curing wavelength is 395nm, and the irradiation energy is 400 millijoules / square centimeter; the light-cured glass is heated at 160°C for 7 minutes to obtain a cloth-textured gold solar glass panel. When viewed from a distance, it is a uniform gold glass, and when viewed from close up, the surface is a cloth-textured pattern. The physical and chemical indicators such as light transmittance are measured, see Appendix 1.

[0059] Example 3

[0060] Fabric-like golden LED coating formula (raw material mass percentage):

[0061]

[0062] The components in the above formula are stirred and ground evenly to make a toothpaste-like gold ink with obvious thixotropy. The gold ink is printed on the glass surface using a 200-mesh blank screen with a wire diameter of 65 microns to obtain a 22-micron cloth-textured color coating with a light-transmitting area of ​​13%. The LED light curing wavelength is 395nm and the irradiation energy is 400 millijoules / square centimeter. The light-cured glass is heated at 160°C for 7 minutes to obtain a cloth-textured gold solar glass panel. When viewed from a distance, it is a uniform gold glass, and when viewed from close up, the surface shows an obvious cloth-textured pattern. The physical and chemical indicators such as light transmittance are measured, see Appendix 1.

[0063] Example 4

[0064] Fabric-like silver-white LED coating formula (raw material mass percentage):

[0065]

[0066]

[0067] The components in the above formula are stirred and ground evenly to make a toothpaste-like silver-white ink with obvious thixotropy. The silver-white thixotropic ink is printed on the glass surface using a blank screen with a wire diameter of 65 microns and 200 meshes to obtain a 22 micron thick cloth-textured coating with a light-transmitting hole area of ​​13%. The LED light curing wavelength is 395nm and the irradiation energy is 500 millijoules / square centimeter. The light-cured glass is heated at 170°C for 6 minutes to obtain a cloth-textured silver-white solar glass panel. When viewed from a distance, it is a uniform silver-white glass, and when viewed from close up, it is a silver-white cloth-textured coating. The transmittance and other physical and chemical indicators are measured, see Appendix 1.

[0068] Figure 1Schematic diagram of the mesh structure of the silk screen cloth used in the above embodiment, the silk screen cloth is a blank silk screen printing plate that has not been plated.

[0069] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the cloth-texture pattern of the cloth-texture coating on the surface of the color solar film panel produced in the above embodiment, Figure 3 Figure 1 is a cross-sectional diagram of a colored solar film panel. Figure 2 and Figure 3 It can be seen that the cloth-textured coating has transparent light-transmitting holes or light-transmitting gaps, which significantly improves the light transmittance of the color coating, and the color appearance of the color coating is not affected.

[0070] Comparative Example 1

[0071] Gold LED coating formula without fabric grain

[0072] The thixotropic agent in Example 1 was removed, and the other components remained unchanged. The gold ink without thixotropy was obtained by stirring and grinding. The gold ink was printed on the glass surface using a 200-mesh blank screen with a wire diameter of 45 microns, and a 200-mesh color coating with a thickness of 20 microns and a light-transmitting area of ​​0% was obtained. The LED light curing wavelength was 395nm, and the irradiation energy was 400 millijoules / square centimeter. The light-cured glass was heated at 160°C for 7 minutes to obtain a smooth and bright gold solar glass panel. The color of the gold glass is uniform and consistent when viewed from a distance, and there is no cloth pattern on the surface when viewed from close up. The physical and chemical indicators such as light transmittance were measured, as shown in Table 1.

[0073] Comparative Example 2

[0074] Formula of non-texture silver-white LED coating (mass percentage of raw materials):

[0075]

[0076]

[0077] The components in the above formula are stirred and ground evenly to make a silver-white ink with good fluidity. The silver-white ink is printed on the glass surface using a blank screen with a wire diameter of 65 microns and 200 meshes to obtain a 22 micron thick cloth-textured coating with a light-transmitting hole area of ​​0%. The LED light curing wavelength is 395nm and the irradiation energy is 500 millijoules / square centimeter. The light-cured glass is heated at 170°C for 6 minutes to obtain a cloth-textured silver-white solar glass panel. When viewed from a distance, it is a silver-white glass with uniform color. When viewed from close up, the surface is a silver-white coating without cloth texture. The physical and chemical indicators such as light transmittance are measured, see Appendix 1.

[0078] The performance of the LED coatings of Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-2 was tested, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0079] Table 1 Transmittance of colored cloth coating

[0080]

[0081] As can be seen from Table 1, the present invention does not change the coating color and screen mesh number, and the light transmittance of the cloth-textured coating printed with thixotropic ink is significantly higher than the light transmittance of the coating without a cloth-textured pattern, indicating that the transparent gaps in the cloth texture significantly increase the light transmittance of the coating.

[0082] The embodiments described above provide a detailed description of the technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above are only specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, supplements and equivalent substitutions made within the scope of the principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for producing a colored solar panel with a cloth-textured coating, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) LED light-curable color ink is screen-printed on a transparent substrate through a screen plate to form a color coating with a pattern similar to a cloth pattern; the screen plate is a blank screen plate without plate making; the screen mesh number of the screen plate is 100-300 meshes; the wire diameter is 30-100 microns; the light transmission area of ​​the cloth pattern coating is 3-45% of the total area of ​​the cloth pattern coating; (2) Irradiate the color coating with LED light to initially solidify the color coating and keep the fabric pattern from deforming; (3) heating and curing the preliminarily cured color coating to form a color solar panel with a cloth-textured coating and high light transmittance; Calculated by the mass percentage of raw materials, the LED light-curable color ink comprises: 45-65% photosensitive polymer; 12-27% photoactive diluent; 1-5% photosensitizer; Pigment 3-15%; Thixotropic agent 1-10%; The photosensitive polymer is at least one of modified epoxy acrylate, fluorine-modified polyurethane acrylate, or modified polyester resin; the functionality is 2-6; The thixotropic agent is oleophilic or hydrophilic fumed silica; the specific surface area is 150-380 square meters / gram; the pH value is 3.9-4.5; and the silicon dioxide content is ≥99.8%.

2. The method for producing a colored solar panel with a cloth-textured coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The color coating thickness is 10-50 microns.

3. The method for producing a colored solar panel with a cloth-textured coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (2), the wavelength of the irradiated LED light is 365-405 nm; the energy of the LED light irradiation is 150-1100 mJ / cm2.

4. The method for producing a colored solar panel with a cloth-textured coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The post-heating curing is IR heating curing; the temperature is 80-200° C.; and the time is 3-20 minutes.

5. A colored solar panel with a cloth-textured coating, characterized in that: The product is produced by the production method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. A colored solar photovoltaic module, characterized in that: It comprises the colored solar panel with cloth-textured coating as claimed in claim 5.

Images