Drilling fluid energy-saving purification and environmental protection system

Abstract

The drilling fluid energy-saving, purification, and environmentally friendly system disclosed herein is a device for connecting an open wellbore with surface drilling fluid solidification equipment during the oil drilling process. The system comprises a cuttings pool and a drilling fluid return pool. The system includes a drilling fluid isolation and collection device, a surface wellhead device, and a wellhead energy-saving purification device. The drilling fluid isolation and collection device comprises a trough with an open top and a bottom seated on the ground. The bottom of the trough of the drilling fluid isolation and collection device is provided with holes I, II, and III extending through the bottom of the trough. Holes I, II, and III correspond to wellheads, rat holes, and mouse holes located on the ground, respectively. The drilling fluid energy-saving, purification, and environmentally friendly system disclosed herein has a rational structural design. The drilling fluid isolation and collection device can collect and utilize scattered drilling fluid generated during the drilling process, drilling fluid generated during the circulation of rat holes and mouse holes, and recover drilling fluid within the mud umbrella on the well capping device, thereby preventing contact between the drilling fluid and the soil.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a device for connecting an open wellbore with surface drilling fluid solidification equipment during oil drilling, and particularly relates to an energy-saving, purification and environmentally friendly drilling fluid system. Background Art

[0002] During oil drilling, the circulating drilling fluid removes rock dust from the bottom of the hole and cools the drill bit as it flows from the bottom of the hole to the orifice. After the drilling fluid, carrying rock dust, returns to the borehole, it must be cleaned on the surface before being reintroduced into the hole. Failure to do so can severely impact the performance and life of the bottomhole motor, reduce the penetration rate of the drill bit, and reduce the effectiveness of lubricating the drill tool and protecting the hole wall. The existing method of treating drilling fluid in the drilling construction process is to directly dig a square pit on the land near the wellhead and pour the drilling fluid directly into the pit for treatment. Due to the country's increased environmental protection requirements, the existing method of contacting and polluting the drilling fluid with the surface during drilling construction can no longer meet the country's environmental protection requirements for drilling construction sites. Direct contact between drilling fluid and surface soil will pollute the soil environment and is not conducive to the recycling and reuse of the treated drilling fluid, resulting in waste of drilling fluid and increased operating costs; the drilling fluid cannot be desanded in time after leaving the well, which can easily lead to a large amount of fine sand entering the mud tank, resulting in a high sand content in the drilling fluid and a large workload for cleaning the mud tank in the later stage; and the existing drilling fluid adopts a tank-type weighting treatment method, which can easily produce barite powder deposition during the tank-type weighting process, resulting in waste of production materials; and when purifying the drilling fluid in the northern winter, due to the low temperature and poor fluidity, the drilling fluid is easily frozen and cannot be treated. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provides an energy-saving, purification and environmentally friendly drilling fluid system.

[0004] The drilling fluid energy-saving, purification and environmental protection system of the present invention includes a cuttings pool and a drilling fluid return pool. The drilling fluid energy-saving, purification and environmental protection system includes a drilling fluid isolation and collection device, a surface wellhead device and a wellhead energy-saving purification device. The drilling fluid isolation and collection device is a trough with an opening at the top and its bottom sitting on the ground. The bottom of the trough of the drilling fluid isolation and collection device is provided with holes I, II and III running through the bottom of the trough. Holes I, II and III correspond to the wellhead, rat hole and mouse hole located on the ground respectively; the surface wellhead device includes a circular well and a simple wellhead device. The circular well is placed in the wellhead below hole I. The circular well is relatively fixed to the inner wall of the wellhead and the drilling fluid isolation and collection device, and its top is connected to the simple wellhead device above hole I. The upper end of the simple wellhead device is connected to the wellhead. The mouth end is connected to the wellhead energy-saving purification device through a pipeline; the wellhead energy-saving purification device includes a cuttings pool and a drilling fluid return pool, a drilling fluid return pool is fixed at one end of the cuttings pool, and the height of the cuttings pool is greater than the height of the drilling fluid return pool, and the cuttings pool is connected to the drilling fluid return pool and is provided with more than one drilling fluid return port at the upper end side wall higher than the drilling fluid return pool, and the drilling fluid return port is connected to the inside of the drilling fluid return pool through a drilling fluid return pipe; a partition plate is provided at the top opening of the drilling fluid return pool, and a drug filling position, a vibrating screen installation position and a weighting position are arranged in parallel on the partition plate, a vibrating screen opposite to the vibrating screen installation position is provided above the vibrating screen installation position, and a vertical pump is provided above the weighting position, and the vertical pump is connected to the inside of the drilling fluid return pool through a pipeline.

[0005] As a further improvement of the present invention, inclined guide plates are fixed around the inner wall of the bottom of the cuttings pool, with the bottom edge of the guide plate fixed to the inner wall of the bottom of the cuttings pool and the upper edge fixed to the lower ends of the four side walls of the cuttings pool; inclined guide plates are fixed at one end and the front and rear side walls of the drilling fluid return pool, respectively, with the bottom edge of the guide plate fixed to the inner wall of the bottom of the drilling fluid return pool and the upper edge fixed to the lower ends of the side walls of the drilling fluid return pool.

[0006] As a further improvement of the present invention, the guide plates form connected heating chambers with the side walls of the cuttings pool and the drilling fluid return pool respectively, and the lower ends of the side walls of the cuttings pool and the drilling fluid return pool are provided with preheating ports connected to the heating chambers.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, iron nets are provided on both the drug filling position and the weighting position, and the vertical pump sits above the iron nets at the weighting position and is connected to the inside of the drilling fluid return pool through a pipeline.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, an I-shaped pipe is fixed on the side wall of the drilling fluid reflux pool below the partition plate. The inlet end of the I-shaped pipe passes through the side wall of the drilling fluid reflux pool and is placed outside the drilling fluid reflux pool. Multiple water spray outlets are provided at the bottom of the I-shaped pipe.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, a stone powder feed pipe is provided on the partition plate at the weighted position and passes through the plate body. The lower end of the stone powder feed pipe is placed in the drilling fluid reflux pool, and a bypass drilling fluid inlet pipe is provided on the stone powder feed pipe.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the outer surface of the circular well is wrapped with an air bag, the top end of the air bag is placed in the hole I, and the top end is provided with an air outlet.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, an eave is provided at the top of the air bag, and the eave fills the gap between the hole I and the circular well.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the gap between the circular well and the inner wall of the wellhead is fixed by a quick-setting agent, cement, or a waterproof casing.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, one or more liquid level alarms are provided on the upper end of the inner wall of the drilling fluid return pool.

[0014] The energy-saving, environmentally friendly drilling fluid purification system of the present invention features a rational design and is easy to use. The drilling fluid isolation and collection device collects and utilizes scattered drilling fluid generated during drilling, drilling fluid generated during rat and mouse hole circulation, and drilling fluid within the mud umbrella on the well sealer, preventing contact between the drilling fluid and the soil. The surface wellhead device removes sand from the exiting drilling fluid, preventing large amounts of fine sand from entering the mud tank. The cuttings pool and drilling fluid return pool are troughs placed on the ground, which can prevent the drilling fluid from directly contacting the soil, avoid polluting the soil environment, facilitate the recycling of drilling fluid, reduce resource waste, and process the drilling fluid as soon as possible to ensure the timeliness and accuracy of drilling sand samples and cooperate with geological logging work to be carried out effectively; the vertical pump can input the drilling fluid treated in the drilling fluid return pool into the mud tank, realizing the recycling of drilling fluid without falling to the ground, and can timely separate impurities such as drilling rock debris from the drilling fluid through the vibrating screen, effectively preventing drilling rock debris from entering the mud tank, and can greatly avoid mud tank emptying operations, reducing the risk of construction personnel entering confined spaces; and when used in the northern winter, the cuttings pool and drilling fluid return pool can be heated in time to prevent freezing during construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the wellhead energy-saving purification device and the vibrating screen of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the connection between the drilling fluid isolation and collection device and the surface wellhead device of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the drilling fluid isolation and collection device of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 is a top view of the drilling fluid isolation and collection device of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the surface wellhead device of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the circular well, air bag and joint of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the wellhead energy-saving purification device of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of the cuttings pool, drilling fluid return pool and I-shaped pipe of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 9 1. It is a top view of the wellhead energy-saving purification device of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the stone powder interface, mud interface, stone powder inlet pipe and mud inlet pipe of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The drilling fluid energy-saving, purification and environmental protection system of the present invention includes a drilling fluid isolation and collection device 1, a surface wellhead device 2 and a wellhead energy-saving purification device 3. The drilling fluid isolation and collection device 1 is a trough with an open top and its bottom sitting on the ground. The bottom of the trough of the drilling fluid isolation and collection device 1 is provided with holes Ⅰ4, hole Ⅱ5 and hole Ⅲ6 that penetrate the bottom of the trough. Holes Ⅰ4, hole Ⅱ5 and hole Ⅲ6 correspond to the wellhead, rat hole 26 and mouse hole 27 located on the ground respectively. According to the construction method and construction period of different drilling rig models, drilling fluid isolation and collection devices 1 of different materials and shapes can be used. The drilling fluid isolation and collection device 1 can collect and utilize the scattered drilling fluid generated during the drilling process, the drilling fluid generated during the circulation of rat hole 26 and mouse hole 27, and recover the drilling fluid in the mud umbrella on the well sealer.

[0026] The surface wellhead device 2 includes a circular well 7 and a simple wellhead device 8. The circular well 7 is placed in the wellhead below the hole I4. The circular well 7 is relatively fixed to the inner wall of the wellhead and the drilling fluid isolation and collection device 1, and its top is connected to the simple wellhead device 8 above the hole I4 through a joint 9; the outer surface of the circular well 7 is wrapped with an air bag 23, the top of the air bag 23 is placed in the hole I4, and the top is provided with an air port; the inside of the air bag 23 is inflated through the air port, and the air bag 23 filled with air can fill the gap between the circular well 7 and the wellhead, can protect and support the circular well 7, and prevent the circular well 7 from direct contact with the ground to cause loss of the circular well 7. After use, the air in the air bag 23 is released through the air port, and the air bag 23 can be taken out and reused. The top of the airbag 23 is equipped with an eave 25, which fills the gap between hole I4 and the inner wall of the circular well 7, preventing drilling fluid from escaping from this gap and polluting the ground environment. The gap between the circular well 7 and the inner wall of the wellhead can be secured by compaction, filling it with a quick-setting agent, cement, or other materials. Alternatively, the well 7 can be secured to the inner wall of the wellhead by driving a waterproof casing of corresponding dimensions to the circular well 7 and the inner wall of the wellhead from the surface and connecting it to the drilling fluid isolation and collection device 1. The bottom of the casing is fixed to the inner wall of the drilling fluid isolation and collection device 1 around hole I4. The simple wellhead device 8 removes sand from the drilling fluid leaving the well, preventing large amounts of fine sand from entering the mud tank, resulting in a high sand content in the drilling fluid. The upper outlet of the simple wellhead device 8 is connected to the wellhead energy-saving purification device 3 via a pipeline.

[0027] The wellhead energy-saving purification device 3 includes a cuttings pool 10 and a drilling fluid return pool 11. Both the cuttings pool 10 and the drilling fluid return pool 11 are trough bodies with an opening at the top. A drilling fluid return pool 11 is fixed at one end of the cuttings pool 10, and the height of the cuttings pool 10 is greater than the height of the drilling fluid return pool 11. One or more drilling fluid return ports 12 are provided at the upper side wall where the cuttings pool 10 is connected to the drilling fluid return pool 11 and is higher than the upper end of the drilling fluid return pool 11. A baffle is provided at the drilling fluid return port 12. The drilling fluid return port 12 is connected to the inside of the drilling fluid return pool 11 through a drilling fluid return pipe 13. One or more liquid level alarms 30 are provided at the upper end of the inner wall of the drilling fluid return pool 11. When the liquid level in the drilling fluid return pool 11 exceeds the preset safety page, the liquid level alarm 30 will sound an alarm to remind the staff to deal with it in time. Inclined guide plates 18 are fixed around the inner wall of the bottom of the cuttings pool 10. The bottom edges of the guide plates 18 are fixed to the inner wall of the bottom of the cuttings pool 10, and the top edges are fixed to the lower ends of the four side walls of the cuttings pool 10. Inclined guide plates 18 are fixed to one end and the front and rear side walls of the drilling fluid return pool 11. The bottom edges of the guide plates 18 are fixed to the inner wall of the bottom of the drilling fluid return pool 11, and the top edges are fixed to the lower ends of the side walls of the drilling fluid return pool 11. The guide plates 18 form a heating chamber connected to the side walls of the cuttings pool 10 and the drilling fluid return pool 11, respectively. Preheating ports 19 are provided at the lower ends of the side walls of the cuttings pool 10 and the drilling fluid return pool 11, communicating with the heating chamber. The preheating ports 19 are connected to an external heating device, allowing steam to enter the heating chamber through the preheating ports 19, thereby providing timely heating of the interiors of the cuttings pool 10 and the drilling fluid return pool 11 in winter. A partition plate 28 is provided at the top opening of the drilling fluid return pool 11. The partition plate 28 is provided with a drug filling position 14, a vibrating screen installation position 15, and a weighting position 16 in parallel. A vibrating screen 17 is provided above the vibrating screen installation position 15. The outlet end of the simple wellhead device 8 is connected to a pipeline, and the other end of the pipeline is placed above the vibrating screen 17. A stone powder feed pipe 21 is provided on the partition plate 28 at the weighting position 16, which passes through the plate body. The lower end of the stone powder feed pipe 21 is placed in the drilling fluid return pool 11, and a bypass drilling fluid inlet pipe 22 is provided on the stone powder feed pipe 21. The stone powder feed pipe 21 is connected to an external stone powder tank. Stone powder is blown into the drilling fluid return tank 11 through the stone powder feed pipe 21. At the same time, clean drilling fluid is added to the drilling fluid return tank 11 through the drilling fluid inlet pipe 22. After the stone powder and clean drilling fluid are mixed at the lower end of the stone powder feed pipe 21, they enter the drilling fluid return tank 11, which can accelerate the mixing of the drilling fluid and stone powder in the drilling fluid return tank 11. The drug filling position 14 and the weighting position 16 are both equipped with iron mesh 29, and workers can stand on the iron mesh 29 to operate. A vertical pump 24 is located above the iron mesh 29 at the weighting position 16. One end of the vertical pump 24 is connected to the interior of the drilling fluid return tank 11 through a pipeline, and the output end of the vertical pump 24 is connected to the mud tank through a pipeline.An I-shaped pipe 20 is fixed on the side wall of the drilling fluid return pool 11 below the partition plate 28. The inlet end of the I-shaped pipe 20 passes through the side wall of the drilling fluid return pool 11 and is placed outside the drilling fluid return pool 11, and is connected to an external hydraulic pump. A plurality of water spray ports are provided at the bottom of the I-shaped pipe 20. By spraying water into the drilling fluid return pool 11 and stirring the drilling fluid, the drilling fluid and the reagent can be quickly and evenly mixed.

[0028] After the drilling rig is relocated and installed, the system is installed. The wellhead, rat hole 26, and mouse hole 27 are pre-excavated. Holes I4, II5, and III6 correspond to the wellhead, rat hole 26, and mouse hole 27 located on the ground, respectively. A circular well 7 is placed within the wellhead, and air is inflated through the air port to fill the gap between the wellhead 7 and the wellhead. The top of the well 7 is connected to the simple wellhead assembly 8 above hole I4 via a connector 9. Drilling fluid flows through the well 7 and the simple wellhead assembly 8 onto the vibrating screen 17, allowing the drilling fluid to pass through the mesh of the vibrating screen 17 and fall into the drilling fluid return pool 11 below. Rock debris and other impurities flow down the vibrating screen into the rock debris pool 10. A guide plate 18 guides the drilling fluid and other impurities, preventing them from accumulating in corners and strengthening the rock debris pool 10 and the drilling fluid return pool 11. After a certain amount of drilling fluid has accumulated in the drilling fluid return tank 11, stone powder and other required chemicals are added to the drilling fluid return tank 11 through the chemical filling station 14 and the stone powder feed pipe 21. Simultaneously, water is sprayed into the drilling fluid through the I-shaped pipe 20 to stir the drilling fluid, allowing the drilling fluid and the stone powder and other chemicals to be quickly and evenly mixed. After the drilling fluid in the drilling fluid return tank 11 has been processed, the vertical pump 24 is turned on to pump the drilling fluid from the drilling fluid return tank 11 into the mud tank. A cleaning pipe is provided within the drilling fluid return tank 11. After the drilling fluid leaves the drilling fluid return tank 11, water can be sprayed through the cleaning pipe to clean the interior of the drilling fluid return tank 11. If a power outage or a vibrating screen malfunction causes a large amount of drilling fluid to flow along the vibrating screen 17 into the cuttings pool 10, the baffle at the drilling fluid return port 12 is opened to allow the drilling fluid in the cuttings pool 10 to enter the drilling fluid return tank 11 through the drilling fluid return pipe 13. When the system is used in the north in winter, the external heating device is connected to the preheating port 19 through a pipeline, so that the heated steam enters the heating chamber between the cuttings pool 10 and the drilling fluid return pool 11 and the guide plate 18 through the preheating port 19, and heats the inside of the cuttings pool 10 and the drilling fluid return pool 11 to prevent the inside of the cuttings pool 10 and the drilling fluid return pool 11 from being frozen and unable to be processed.

Claims

1. A drilling fluid energy-saving, purification and environmental protection system, comprising a cuttings pool (10) and a drilling fluid return pool (11), characterized in that The drilling fluid energy-saving, purification and environmental protection system comprises a drilling fluid isolation and collection device (1), a surface wellhead device (2) and a wellhead energy-saving purification device (3), wherein the drilling fluid isolation and collection device (1) is a trough with an open top and a bottom thereof sitting on the ground, and the bottom of the trough of the drilling fluid isolation and collection device (1) is provided with hole I (4), hole II (5) and hole III (6) penetrating the bottom of the trough, and hole I (4), hole II (5) and hole III (6) respectively correspond to the wellhead, rat hole (26) and mouse hole (27) located on the ground; the surface wellhead device (2) comprises a circular well (7) and a simple wellhead device (8), wherein the circular well (7) is placed in the wellhead below hole I (4), and the circular well (7) is fixed relative to the inner wall of the wellhead and the drilling fluid isolation and collection device (1). The top end thereof is connected to the simple wellhead device (8) above the hole I (4) through a joint (9), and the upper outlet end of the simple wellhead device (8) is connected to the wellhead energy-saving purification device (3) through a pipeline; the wellhead energy-saving purification device (3) comprises a cuttings pool (10) and a drilling fluid return pool (11), a drilling fluid return pool (11) is fixed at one end of the cuttings pool (10), and the height of the cuttings pool (10) is greater than the height of the drilling fluid return pool (11), and one or more drilling fluid return ports (12) are provided at the upper end side wall where the cuttings pool (10) is connected to the drilling fluid return pool (11) and is higher than the drilling fluid return pool (11), and the drilling fluid return ports (12) are connected to the inside of the drilling fluid return pool (11) through a drilling fluid return pipe (13). The drilling fluid return pool (11) is provided with a partition plate (28) at the top opening, and a drug filling position (14), a vibrating screen installation position (15) and a weighting position (16) are arranged in parallel on the partition plate (28). A vibrating screen (17) opposite to the vibrating screen installation position (15) is provided above the vibrating screen installation position (15), and a vertical pump (24) is provided above the weighting position (16). The vertical pump (24) is connected to the inside of the drilling fluid return pool (11) through a pipeline; the bottom inner wall of the cuttings pool (10) is fixed with an inclined guide plate (18) at the circumference, and the bottom edge of the guide plate (18) is fixed to the bottom inner wall of the cuttings pool (10), and the top edge is fixed to the lower end of the four side walls of the cuttings pool (10); and the guide plates (18) are fixed at one end and the front and rear side walls of the drilling fluid return pool (11). An inclined guide plate (18) is provided, the bottom edge of the guide plate (18) being fixed to the inner wall of the bottom of the drilling fluid return pool (11), and the top edge being fixed to the lower end of the side wall of the drilling fluid return pool (11); the guide plate (18) forms a heating chamber connected with the side walls of the cuttings pool (10) and the drilling fluid return pool (11), respectively, and the lower ends of the side walls of the cuttings pool (10) and the drilling fluid return pool (11) are both provided with a preheating port (19) connected to the heating chamber; an I-shaped pipe (20) is fixed to the side wall of the drilling fluid return pool (11) below the partition plate (28), the inlet end of the I-shaped pipe (20) passes through the side wall of the drilling fluid return pool (11) and is placed outside the drilling fluid return pool (11), and a plurality of water spray ports are provided at the bottom of the I-shaped pipe (20).

2. The drilling fluid energy-saving, purification and environmental protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that Iron meshes (29) are provided on both the drug filling position (14) and the weighting position (16). The vertical pump (24) is located above the iron mesh (29) at the weighting position (16) and is connected to the interior of the drilling fluid return pool (11) through a pipeline.

3. The drilling fluid energy-saving, purification and environmental protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that A stone powder feed pipe (21) penetrating the plate body is provided on the partition plate (28) at the weighting position (16), and the lower end of the stone powder feed pipe (21) is placed in the drilling fluid return pool (11). A bypass drilling fluid inlet pipe (22) is provided on the stone powder feed pipe (21).

4. The drilling fluid energy-saving, purification and environmental protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that The outer surface of the circular well (7) is wrapped with an air bag (23), the top end of the air bag (23) is placed in the hole I (4), and the top end is provided with an air port.

5. The drilling fluid energy-saving, purification and environmental protection system according to claim 4, characterized in that The top of the air bag (23) is provided with an eaves (25), and the eaves (25) fills the gap between the hole I (4) and the circular well (7).

6. The drilling fluid energy-saving, purification and environmental protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that The gap between the circular well (7) and the inner wall of the wellhead is fixed by a quick-setting agent, a waterproof casing, or cement.

7. The drilling fluid energy-saving, purification and environmental protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that One or more liquid level alarms (30) are provided at the upper end of the inner wall of the drilling fluid return pool (11).

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