A dynamic ice adhesion test device

Abstract

The present invention provides an ice adhesion tester under dynamic conditions, which relates to the field of measurement technology and solves the technical problem that there is a lack of devices capable of testing ice adhesion under dynamic conditions in the prior art. The device includes an ice wind tunnel device, an ice cap, an ice shaft, a support base and a force measuring device, wherein the ice cap is a truncated cone structure with a through hole opened along the axis direction of the truncated cone structure; the ice shaft is made of a test material, and there is a clearance fit between the ice shaft and the through hole; when the ice adhesion tester under dynamic conditions is installed, the ice shaft is inserted into the through hole from one side of the lower bottom surface of the ice cap; the ice cap or the ice shaft is fixedly installed with the support base; the force measuring device is connected to the ice cap or the ice shaft for testing the tension or thrust value; the ice adhesion tester under dynamic conditions of the present invention solves the technical problem that there is no device capable of measuring ice adhesion under dynamic conditions in the prior art through a new structural design.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of measurement technology, in particular to a device for measuring the bonding force between ice and solid materials under dynamic working conditions. Background Art

[0002] In a low temperature and humid environment, natural precipitation (snowfall, freezing rain, condensation, etc.) can easily freeze on the surface of objects to form an ice layer, such as snow and ice on the road, ice on the sides of aircraft, ice on power transmission lines and transmission towers, ice on the outer walls of buildings, snow and ice on communication antennas, etc., which not only brings many inconveniences to people's lives, but also poses a serious threat to the safety of production and transportation, and even causes huge economic losses.

[0003] Preventing icing disasters has always been the direction of people's unremitting efforts, and the interfacial bonding effect between ice and material surfaces is one of the basic scientific issues of icing. In order to avoid icing accidents and ensure flight safety, de-icing systems are usually installed on aircraft. At present, the de-icing methods used by aircraft usually include mechanical methods and thermal methods; the energy transmitted by the mechanical method is vibration, and the energy transmitted by the thermal method is heat. The common point of both is to destroy the adhesion strength between the ice layer and the skin. When the de-icing mechanism is turned on, when the adhesion damage reaches a certain degree, the ice layer falls off due to the combined action of aerodynamics and internal and external stresses. Therefore, obtaining the degree of adhesion between different forms of ice and different materials formed under different environmental parameters is the premise of designing a mechanical de-icing system. Therefore, it is very necessary to propose a reliable and widely used ice adhesion test device.

[0004] For example, a Chinese patent (authorization announcement number: CN204086019U) discloses a portable ice vertical adhesion test device, which includes a casing, a base, a slider, a dynamometer, a dynamometer mounting member and a test accessory; the casing is fixed on the base; the casing has a screw rod arranged along its length, and the screw rod can rotate along its axis, and one end of the screw rod extends from the casing; the slider includes a connecting portion located inside the casing and a mounting portion located outside the casing, the connecting portion has a first threaded hole, the screw rod passes through the first threaded hole, and is threadedly matched with the first threaded hole, and the mounting portion has a plurality of second mounting holes; the dynamometer is mounted on the slider through the dynamometer mounting member; the test accessory includes accessory I and accessory II located below accessory I; accessory I consists of an end head and a connecting rod, the end head has a water storage chamber with an opening at the lower end, and the connecting rod is used to connect with the dynamometer; accessory II is a plate-like member used to cover the opening of the water storage chamber and be fixed on the base. The working principle of the device is as follows: the water filled in the water injection chamber freezes and sticks attachment I and attachment II together, and then the screw rod and the slider work together to provide a vertical upward pulling force to pull attachment I. At the same time, the force gauge installed on the slider displays the vertical upward pulling force data. The data displayed on the force gauge at the moment when attachment I and attachment II are separated is the adhesion force of the ice. Another example is a Chinese invention patent application (application number: CN201810731874.2) that discloses a device for testing the bonding strength between the dielectric surface of power equipment and ice / snow. The purpose of the invention is to solve the problem of measuring the interfacial bonding strength between snow and ice and the surfaces of porcelain, glass and composite materials, and to make reasonable suggestions for snow (ice) removal of voltage equipment, so as to effectively ensure the safe and stable operation of voltage equipment. Specifically, it includes: a centrifugal servo motor, a fixed base, a sampling module and a control module; the centrifugal servo motor is connected to the control module through a drive signal connection line, and the sampling module is fixed on the top of the centrifugal servo motor; the fixed base includes a base, a supporting foot and a diagonal brace, the supporting foot is connected to the base, and the diagonal brace is connected to the base and forms a certain angle, and can rotate along the angle direction; the base and the diagonal brace fix the centrifugal servo motor; the sampling module includes a rotating rod and an adhesive medium; the control module includes a computer with control software installed, which controls the speed of the centrifugal servo motor, records the change curve of the speed of the centrifugal servo motor during the test and the no-load change point after the adhesive medium is debonded, determines the critical speed value when the adhesive medium is debonded, and calculates the adhesive strength.

[0005] The applicant has discovered that the testing devices in the above-mentioned public technologies all test the adhesion between ice and the surface of the material under a static environment. However, in actual production operations, deicing does not start after the ice and the surface of the object are completely condensed. Instead, deicing should be considered at the beginning of the icing. In addition, after the icing is completed, the deicing work is not completed in a static state, but is carried out continuously in an icing environment. For example, when freezing rain hits the wing during the flight of the aircraft, it should be considered at the beginning of the impact how to prevent the icing from being completed or to de-ice in the best way during the icing process. At this time, the adhesion data of the entire process of freezing rain hitting the wing is needed to adopt appropriate deicing methods, such as determining the vibration frequency and amplitude of mechanical deicing with reference to the adhesion data, and determining the calorific value of thermal deicing. In other words, the prior art lacks a device that can test ice adhesion under dynamic conditions. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an ice adhesion tester under dynamic conditions to solve the technical problem that there is a lack of a device capable of testing ice adhesion under dynamic conditions in the prior art. The preferred technical solutions among the many technical solutions provided by the present invention can produce many technical effects (providing an ice adhesion tester under dynamic conditions, capable of testing the normal adhesion between the test material under dynamic conditions, capable of testing the tangential adhesion between the test material under dynamic conditions, and capable of testing the oblique adhesion between the test material under dynamic conditions) as described below.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an ice adhesion tester under dynamic working conditions, comprising an ice wind tunnel device, an ice cap, an ice shaft, a support base and a force measuring device, wherein the ice cap is a truncated cone structure, and a through hole is opened along the axis direction of the truncated cone structure; the ice shaft is made of test materials, and there is a clearance fit between the ice shaft and the through hole; when the ice adhesion tester under dynamic working conditions is installed, the ice shaft is inserted into the through hole from one side of the lower bottom surface of the ice cap; the ice cap or the ice shaft It is fixedly installed with a supporting base; a force measuring device is connected with an ice-bearing cap or an ice-forming shaft to test the tension or thrust value; the upper bottom surface of the ice-bearing cap is arranged opposite to the air outlet of the ice-forming wind tunnel device; when the ice adhesion tester is used under dynamic conditions, the ice-forming wind tunnel device simulates an icing environment to simulate ice formation on the upper bottom surface of the ice-bearing cap and the surface of the ice-forming shaft; a force is applied to the ice-bearing cap or the ice-forming shaft along the axis direction of the ice-bearing cap by the force measuring device until a relative displacement occurs between the two, and the tension or thrust value of the force measuring device is recorded.

[0008] Optionally, the freezing shaft is provided with a limit ring for limiting the length of the freezing shaft inserted into the through hole.

[0009] Optionally, lubricating oil is applied to the surface of the icing shaft before it is inserted into the through hole for lubrication and sealing.

[0010] Optionally, the ice adhesion tester under dynamic conditions also includes a force transmission device, wherein the ice axis is fixedly installed on the support base, the force measuring device is connected to the ice-bearing cap through the force transmission device, and applies force to the ice-bearing cap along the axis direction of the ice-bearing cap.

[0011] Optionally, the force transmission device includes a positioning plate, a force plate and at least three force transmission rods, wherein the positioning plate is coaxially fixedly installed with the icing axis, and the force plate is provided with at least three guide holes evenly distributed in an array along the axis of the force plate; at least three force transmission rods are respectively arranged through the at least three guide holes, wherein one end of at least three force transmission rods is respectively fixedly connected to the force plate, and the other ends of at least three force transmission rods are respectively arranged to abut against the lower end surface of the ice-bearing cap.

[0012] Optionally, at least three positioning holes are formed on the lower bottom surface of the ice-bearing cap corresponding to the positions of at least three force transmission rods, and the other ends of the at least three force transmission rods are respectively inserted into the at least three positioning holes.

[0013] Optionally, the ice-bearing cap is fixedly mounted on the support base, the force measuring device is connected to the ice-forming axis, and applies force to the ice-forming axis along the axis direction of the ice-bearing cap.

[0014] Optionally, one end face of the freezing shaft is a plane perpendicular to the freezing shaft axis, and the freezing shaft penetrates into the through hole from one side of the lower bottom surface of the ice-bearing cap until one end face of the freezing shaft is flush with the upper bottom surface of the ice-bearing cap.

[0015] Optionally, one end face of the freezing shaft is a plane perpendicular to the freezing shaft axis, and the freezing shaft penetrates into the through hole from one side of the lower bottom surface of the ice-receiving cap until one end of the freezing shaft extends out of the through hole beyond the upper bottom surface of the ice-receiving cap.

[0016] Optionally, the upper bottom surface of the ice-receiving cap is a first inclined surface that is not perpendicular to the axis of the ice-receiving cap, and one side end surface of the icing axis is a second inclined surface that is not perpendicular to the axis of the icing axis. The first inclined surface and the second inclined surface have the same inclination, and the icing axis passes through the through hole from one side of the lower bottom surface of the ice-receiving cap until the first inclined surface is flush with the second inclined surface.

[0017] The ice adhesion tester under dynamic working conditions provided by the present invention solves the technical problem that there is no ice adhesion tester capable of measuring ice adhesion under dynamic working conditions in the prior art through a novel structural design. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0019] Figure 1It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a partial structure of an ice adhesion tester under dynamic conditions according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a front cross-sectional view of a partial structure of an ice adhesion tester under dynamic conditions according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the operating state of the ice adhesion tester under dynamic conditions according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the second operating state of the ice adhesion tester under dynamic conditions according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a partial structure of an ice adhesion tester under dynamic conditions according to the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 It is a front cross-sectional view of a partial structure of an ice adhesion tester under dynamic conditions according to the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the operating state 1 of the ice adhesion tester under dynamic conditions according to the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the second operating state of the ice adhesion tester under dynamic conditions according to the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Fig. 9 It is a front cross-sectional view of a partial structure of an ice adhesion tester under dynamic conditions according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0028] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the operating state of the ice adhesion tester under dynamic conditions according to the third embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the second operating state of the ice adhesion tester under dynamic conditions according to the third embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] In the figure, 1, icing wind tunnel device; 2, ice-bearing cap; 3, icing axis; 4, supporting base; 5, force measuring device; 6, force transmission device; 11, air outlet; 12, ice layer; 21, through hole; 22, lower bottom surface; 23, upper bottom surface; 24, positioning hole; 31, one side end surface; 32, limiting ring; 33, external outer cylindrical surface; 34, second inclined surface; 61, positioning plate; 62, force plate; 63, force transmission rod; 621, guide hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] To make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other implementation methods obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] Embodiment 1:

[0033] like Figure 1-4 As shown, Figure 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a partial structure of an ice adhesion tester under dynamic conditions according to the first embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 It is a front cross-sectional view of a partial structure of an ice adhesion tester under dynamic conditions according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the operating state of the ice adhesion tester under dynamic conditions according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the second operating state of the ice adhesion tester under dynamic conditions of the first embodiment of the present invention. The first embodiment provides an ice adhesion tester under dynamic conditions, which is used to test the normal adhesion between ice and test materials under simulated dynamic conditions, including an ice wind tunnel device 1, an ice cap 2, an ice axis 3, a support base 4 and a force measuring device 5, wherein the ice cap 2 is a truncated cone structure, specifically a right truncated cone structure, and its material is not specifically limited, and specifically metal, alloy, high molecular polymer material and other materials with strong rigidity and toughness can be selected. A through hole 21 is opened in the axial direction of the ice cap 2, and the through hole 21 is specifically a circular hole, and its size is not specifically limited, and it is designed according to the overall specifications of the ice adhesion tester under dynamic conditions. The icing axis 3 is made of test materials. For example, when the adhesion between magnesium-aluminum alloy material and ice is to be tested, magnesium-aluminum alloy is used. Alternatively, the icing axis 3 can also be designed and manufactured with a sleeve structure. For example, the core of the icing axis 3 can be made of relatively low-cost materials such as iron, and the outer layer is made of a sleeve made of test materials, which is sleeved on the outer layer of the core. Specifically, the icing axis 3 is a circular axis. One side end face 31 of the icing axis 3 is a plane perpendicular to the axis of the icing axis 3. Its diameter is designed according to the size of the through hole 21. Specifically, there is a clearance fit between the two. The specific fit can ensure that the two can slide against each other. The support base 4 plays a role of stable support. Its structure is not specifically limited. It only needs to be a structure that can play a stable support role. As a preferred structure, the support seat 4 in this embodiment can be in the form of a support base plate plus a support rod, wherein one end of the support rod is fixedly mounted on the support plate, and the other end is used to connect to the supported object. The force measuring device 5 uses a thrust meter. In order to ensure the consistency of the force measurement direction of the force measuring device 2, a thrust meter with a guide device is preferably used, such as a combination of a non-standard guide rail and a standard thrust meter, wherein the thrust meter can slide back and forth in the same direction on the guide rail. The icing wind tunnel device 1 preferably uses a laboratory-specific wind tunnel device, which is a ground simulation test device that can conduct icing and anti-icing research on the surface of aircraft components. In addition to simulating the flight conditions of the aircraft, it can also simulate the icing meteorological conditions when the aircraft is flying. The specific structure of the icing wind tunnel device 1 is not limited. Any model in the prior art that meets the icing simulation function can be selected, and the wind tunnel device of the required specifications can also be customized according to the test needs.

[0034] When the ice adhesion tester under dynamic working conditions of this embodiment is installed, the ice shaft 3 is inserted into the through hole 21 from the lower bottom surface 22 of the ice-receiving cap 2 until the end surface 31 of the ice shaft 3 is flush with the upper bottom surface 23 of the ice-receiving cap 2 ( Figure 3As shown); the portion of the icing axis 3 that does not penetrate into the through hole 21 is provided with a mounting structure, through which the icing axis 3 is fixedly mounted with the support base 4, and the specific mounting structure is a threaded hole, the support base 4 is composed of a support base plate and a support rod, wherein one end of the support rod is fixedly mounted on the support plate, and the other end of the support rod is a screw structure, and the support base 4 and the icing axis 3 are installed by means of the threaded hole and the screw structure; the force measuring device 5 is connected to the ice-bearing cap 2, and a thrust is applied to the ice-bearing cap 2 through the force measuring device 5, and the force measuring device 5 tests the thrust value at the same time; the upper bottom surface 23 of the ice-bearing cap 2 is arranged opposite to the air outlet 11 of the icing wind tunnel device 1, and the front side receives the simulated icing airflow output from the air outlet.

[0035] When the ice adhesion tester under dynamic working conditions of this embodiment is used, the ice wind tunnel device 1 simulates the ice environment and outputs the ice airflow from the air outlet 11 to simulate ice formation on the upper bottom surface 23 of the ice cap 2 and the end surface 31 of the ice axis 3 to form an ice layer 12. At the time point required for testing or according to the test plan set in advance, the force measuring device 5 applies force to the ice cap 2 along the axis direction of the ice cap 2 until a relative displacement occurs between the two ( Figure 4 As shown in the figure), at this time, one side end face 31 of the icing axis 3 is separated from the ice layer 12 formed by the simulated icing, and the thrust value of the force measuring device 5 when the one side end face 31 is separated from the ice layer 12 is recorded. The thrust value is the normal adhesion force between the ice and the test material under the dynamic icing simulation environment.

[0036] In order to more accurately test the normal adhesion between ice and the test material, in a non-simulated icing environment, the force measuring device 5 applies force to the ice-bearing cap 2 along the axial direction of the ice-bearing cap 2 until a relative displacement occurs between the two, and the thrust value of the force measuring device 5 when the relative displacement occurs between the ice axis 3 and the ice-bearing cap 2 is recorded. The thrust value of the force measuring device 5 recorded in the simulated icing environment minus the thrust value of the force measuring device 5 recorded in the non-simulated icing environment is the accurate normal adhesion between ice and the test material.

[0037] The beneficial effect of the ice adhesion tester under dynamic conditions of the first embodiment is that a new device is proposed, which can accurately test the normal adhesion between ice and the test material under a dynamic simulated icing environment.

[0038] On the basis of the first embodiment, as a more preferred technical solution, Figure 2 As shown, the icing shaft 3 is provided with a limiting ring 32, which is used to limit the length of the icing shaft 3 inserted into the through hole 21, and ensure that the end face 31 of the icing shaft 3 is directly flush with the upper bottom surface 23 of the ice-bearing cap 2 when the icing shaft 3 is inserted into the through hole 21. The limiting ring 32 is specifically a circular ring structure, which is sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the icing shaft 3 and fixedly arranged. The setting of the limiting ring 32 can conveniently, quickly and accurately ensure that the end face 31 of one side is flush with the upper bottom surface 23.

[0039] On the basis of Example 1, as a more preferred technical solution, lubricating oil is applied to the front surface of the icing axis 3 inserted into the through hole 21 for lubrication and sealing, which can ensure smooth sliding between the icing axis 3 and the ice cap 2, and at the same time ensure that ice water will not enter the gap between the icing axis and the ice cap 2 in a simulated freezing environment.

[0040] On the basis of the first embodiment, as a more preferred technical solution, Figure 1-4 As shown, the ice adhesion tester under dynamic working conditions of this embodiment further includes a force transmission device 6, wherein the ice axis 3 is fixedly installed with the support base 4, and the force measuring device 5 is connected with the ice-bearing cap 2 through the force transmission device 6, and applies force to the ice-bearing cap 2 along the axis direction of the ice-bearing cap 2. Since the ice axis 3 is spaced between the ice-bearing cap 2 and the force measuring device 5, it is not convenient to apply force to the ice-bearing cap 2 through the force measuring device 5. The setting of the force transmission device 6 solves this technical problem, and the force transmission device 6 can indirectly apply force to the ice-bearing cap 2.

[0041] Specifically, Figure 1-4 As shown, the force transmission device 6 includes a positioning plate 61, a force plate 62 and four force transmission rods 63, wherein the positioning plate 61 is fixedly installed coaxially with the ice axis 3, and the force plate 62 is provided with four guide holes 621 evenly arranged in an array along the axis of the force plate 62; four force transmission rods 63 are respectively arranged through the four guide holes 621, wherein one end of the four force transmission rods 63 is respectively fixedly connected to the force plate 62, and the other end of the four force transmission rods 63 is respectively set against the lower end surface 22 of the ice-bearing cap 2. Force is applied to the force plate 62 by the force measuring device 5. This embodiment proposes a specific structure of a force transmission device 6, which is simple and easy to implement and can evenly transmit force to the ice-bearing cap 2.

[0042] Specifically, Figure 2 As shown, the lower bottom surface 23 of the ice-bearing cap 2 is provided with four positioning holes 24 corresponding to the positions of the four force transmission rods 63, and the other ends of the four force transmission rods 63 are respectively inserted into the four positioning holes 24. The beneficial effect of this arrangement structure is to prevent the other ends of the force transmission rods 63 from sliding on the lower bottom surface 23 to affect the force transmission effect.

[0043] Embodiment 2:

[0044] Based on the first embodiment and the related preferred solutions of the first embodiment, Figure 5-8 As shown, Figure 5 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a partial structure of an ice adhesion tester under dynamic conditions according to the second embodiment of the present invention, Figure 6 It is a front cross-sectional view of a partial structure of an ice adhesion tester under dynamic conditions according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the operating state of the ice adhesion tester under dynamic conditions according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the second operating state of the ice adhesion tester under dynamic conditions of the second embodiment of the present invention. The second embodiment provides an ice adhesion tester under dynamic conditions and related preferred solutions, which are used to test the tangential adhesion between ice and the test material under simulated dynamic conditions. The difference between the technical solution and related preferred solutions provided by the second embodiment and the first embodiment and related preferred technical solutions is that the initial installation position between the ice shaft 3 and the ice bearing cap 2 is different, and the other component structures and installation forms are the same, which will not be repeated here. The differences between the second embodiment and the first embodiment are described in detail below, as follows:

[0045] When the ice adhesion tester under dynamic working conditions of the second embodiment and the related preferred solutions is installed, the ice axis 3 is inserted into the through hole 21 from the lower bottom surface 22 of the ice receiving cap 2 until the end surface 31 of the ice axis 3 extends out of the through hole 21 and exceeds the upper bottom surface 23 of the ice receiving cap 2 ( Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the extension length of the end surface 31 of one side of the icing axis 3 is not specifically limited and is determined according to the properties of the tested material and the icing simulation data of the icing wind tunnel device 1.

[0046] When the ice adhesion tester under dynamic working conditions of this embodiment is used, the ice wind tunnel device 1 simulates the ice environment and outputs the ice airflow from the air outlet 11 to simulate ice formation on the upper bottom surface 23 of the ice cap 2 and the outer outer circumferential surface 33 of the ice shaft 3 extending out of the through hole 21, forming an ice layer 12. At the time point required for testing or according to the test plan set in advance, the force measuring device 5 applies force to the ice cap 2 along the axis direction of the ice cap 2 until a relative displacement occurs between the two ( Figure 8 As shown in the figure), at this time, the outer cylindrical surface 33 of the icing shaft 3 is separated from the ice layer 12 formed by the simulated icing, and the thrust value of the force measuring device 5 when the outer cylindrical surface 33 is separated from the ice layer 12 is recorded. The thrust value is the tangential adhesion force between the ice and the test material in the dynamic icing simulation environment.

[0047] The beneficial effect of the second embodiment and the related preferred solutions is that a new type of device is proposed, which can accurately test the tangential adhesion between ice and the test material in a dynamic simulated icing environment.

[0048] Embodiment three:

[0049] Based on the first embodiment and the related preferred solutions of the first embodiment, Figure 9-11 As shown, Fig. 9 It is a front cross-sectional view of a partial structure of an ice adhesion tester under dynamic conditions according to the third embodiment of the present invention. Fig.10 Schematic diagram of the operating state of the ice adhesion tester under dynamic conditions according to the third embodiment of the present invention. Fig.11Schematic diagram of the second operating state of the ice adhesion tester under dynamic conditions of the third embodiment of the present invention. The third embodiment provides an ice adhesion tester under dynamic conditions and related preferred solutions, which are used to test the oblique adhesion between ice and the test material under simulated dynamic conditions. The difference between the technical solution and related preferred solutions provided by the third embodiment and the first embodiment and related preferred technical solutions is that the structures of the ice shaft 3 and the ice bearing cap 2 are different and the initial installation positions between the two are different. The structures and installation forms of other components are the same, which will not be repeated here. The differences between the third embodiment and the first embodiment are described in detail below, as follows:

[0050] In the dynamic working conditions of the ice adhesion tester of the third embodiment and the related preferred scheme, the upper bottom surface of the ice-receiving cap 2 is a first inclined surface 24 which is not perpendicular to the axis of the ice-receiving cap 2, and the end surface of one side of the ice axis 3 is a second inclined surface 34 which is not perpendicular to the axis of the ice axis 3. The first inclined surface 24 and the second inclined surface 34 have the same inclination.

[0051] When the ice adhesion tester under dynamic working conditions of the third embodiment and the related preferred solutions is installed, the ice axis 3 is inserted into the through hole 21 from the lower bottom surface 22 of the ice-bearing cap 2 until the first inclined surface 24 and the second inclined surface 34 are flush, that is, in the same plane ( Fig. 9 As shown), the inclinations of the first inclined surface 24 and the second inclined surface 34 are designed according to test requirements and are not specifically limited in this embodiment.

[0052] When the ice adhesion tester under dynamic working conditions of this embodiment is used, the ice wind tunnel device 1 simulates an icing environment and outputs an icing airflow from the air outlet 11 to simulate icing on the first inclined surface 24 and the second inclined surface 34 to form an ice layer 12 ( Fig.10 At the time point when the test is required or according to the test plan set in advance, the force measuring device 5 applies force to the ice-retaining cap 2 along the axis direction of the ice-retaining cap 2 until a relative displacement occurs between the two ( Fig.11 As shown), at this time, the second inclined surface 34 of the icing axis 3 is separated from the ice layer 12 formed by the simulated icing, and the thrust value of the force measuring device 5 when the second inclined surface 34 is separated from the ice layer 12 is recorded. The thrust value is the oblique adhesion force between the ice and the test material in the dynamic icing simulation environment.

[0053] The beneficial effect of the third embodiment and the related preferred solutions is that a new type of device is proposed, which can accurately test the oblique adhesion between ice and the test material in a dynamic simulated icing environment.

[0054] The ice adhesion tester under dynamic conditions provided by the above-mentioned embodiments 1 to 3, as well as the related preferred technical solutions, solves the problem of testing dynamic ice adhesion, and can test the normal, tangential and oblique adhesion between ice and the test material respectively.

[0055] The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An ice adhesion tester under dynamic conditions, characterized in that: include: Icing wind tunnel device, ice bearing cap, icing shaft, supporting base and force measuring device, wherein: The ice-bearing cap is a truncated cone structure, and a through hole is opened along the axis direction of the truncated cone structure; The icing shaft is made of test materials, and there is a clearance fit between the icing shaft and the through hole; When the ice adhesion tester under dynamic working conditions is installed, the ice axis is inserted into the through hole from one side of the lower bottom surface of the ice-bearing cap; the ice-bearing cap or the ice axis is fixedly installed with the support base; the force measuring device is connected with the ice-bearing cap or the ice axis to test the tension or thrust value; the upper bottom surface of the ice-bearing cap is arranged directly opposite to the air outlet of the ice wind tunnel device; When the ice adhesion tester under dynamic conditions is used, the ice wind tunnel device simulates an ice environment and simulates ice formation on the upper bottom surface of the ice cap and the surface of the ice shaft; the force measuring device applies force to the ice cap or the ice shaft along the axis direction of the ice cap until a relative displacement occurs between the two, and the tension or thrust value of the force measuring device is recorded.

2. The ice adhesion tester under dynamic conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The icing shaft is provided with a limit ring for limiting the length of the icing shaft inserted into the through hole.

3. The ice adhesion tester under dynamic conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The icing shaft is inserted into the through hole and the front surface is coated with lubricating oil for lubrication and sealing.

4. The ice adhesion tester under dynamic conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ice adhesion tester under dynamic conditions also includes a force transmission device, wherein: The ice forming shaft is fixedly mounted on the supporting base, the force measuring device is connected to the ice bearing cap via the force transmission device, and applies force to the ice bearing cap along the axial direction of the ice bearing cap.

5. The ice adhesion tester under dynamic conditions according to claim 4, characterized in that: The force transmission device comprises a positioning plate, a force receiving plate and at least three force transmission rods, wherein: The positioning plate is coaxially fixedly installed with the icing axis, and the force-bearing plate is provided with at least three guide holes evenly distributed in an array along the axis of the force-bearing plate; at least three force transmission rods are respectively passed through at least three guide holes, wherein one end of at least three of the force transmission rods is respectively fixedly connected to the force-bearing plate, and the other ends of at least three of the force transmission rods are respectively abutted against the lower end surface of the ice-bearing cap.

6. The ice adhesion tester under dynamic conditions according to claim 5, characterized in that: At least three positioning holes are provided on the lower bottom surface of the ice-bearing cap corresponding to the positions of at least three force transmission rods, and the other ends of at least three force transmission rods are respectively inserted into the at least three positioning holes.

7. The ice adhesion tester under dynamic conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ice-bearing cap is fixedly mounted on the supporting base, and the force measuring device is connected to the ice-forming shaft and applies force to the ice-forming shaft along the axis direction of the ice-bearing cap.

8. The dynamic ice adhesion tester according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: One end surface of the icing axis is a plane perpendicular to the axis of the icing axis, and the icing axis penetrates into the through hole from one side of the lower bottom surface of the ice-receiving cap until one end surface of the icing axis is flush with the upper bottom surface of the ice-receiving cap.

9. The dynamic ice adhesion tester according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: One end face of the icing axis is a plane perpendicular to the axis of the icing axis, and the icing axis penetrates into the through hole from one side of the lower bottom surface of the ice-receiving cap until one end of the icing axis extends out of the through hole beyond the upper bottom surface of the ice-receiving cap.

10. The dynamic ice adhesion tester according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The upper bottom surface of the ice-receiving cap is a first inclined surface which is not perpendicular to the axis of the ice-receiving cap, and one side end surface of the icing axis is a second inclined surface which is not perpendicular to the axis of the icing axis. The first inclined surface has the same inclination as the second inclined surface, and the icing axis passes through the through hole from one side of the lower bottom surface of the ice-receiving cap until the first inclined surface is flush with the second inclined surface.

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