A photovoltaic solar tracking system

Abstract

The present invention provides a photovoltaic solar tracking system, including a solar panel, a fixed frame, a rotating shaft, a first driving rod, a second driving rod, and a support rod, wherein the solar panel is mounted on the fixed frame, the fixed frame is mounted on the rotating shaft, one end of the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the support rod, the other end of the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the first driving rod, the first driving rod and the support rod are located in the same plane, one end of the second driving rod is rotatably connected to the support rod, and the other end of the second driving rod is rotatably connected to the fixed frame located on one side of the rotating shaft. The present invention utilizes the first driving rod and the second driving rod to achieve the effect of dual-axis tracking, and avoids the use of an AC motor and a slewing support drive, and has the advantages of low cost and easy maintenance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a photovoltaic solar energy tracking system and belongs to the field of solar energy power generation. Background Art

[0002] When there is a 25° deviation between the photovoltaic panel and the sunlight, the output power of the photovoltaic array will drop by about 20% due to the reduction of vertically incident radiation energy. To solve this problem, automatic light tracking technology is often used. The existing photovoltaic tracking systems on the market are mainly divided into three categories: flat single-axis, inclined single-axis tracking and dual-axis tracking. Flat single-axis tracking increases power output by 20-25% compared to fixed type, inclined single-axis tracking increases power output by 30-35% compared to fixed type, and dual-axis tracking increases power output by 40-45% compared to fixed type. This shows the strong advantage of photovoltaic dual-axis tracking system in improving photovoltaic power generation.

[0003] Currently, some photovoltaic dual-axis tracking systems on the market are mostly driven by AC motors and slewing supports, but they have defects such as rotation system failure, motor and controller misalignment, bearing slippage, etc. The cost is too high and there are technical difficulties in after-sales maintenance, which limits the application of dual-axis tracking. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a photovoltaic solar tracking system to at least solve the problem of high cost and difficult maintenance of dual-axis tracking in the prior art.

[0005] The present invention provides a photovoltaic solar tracking system, comprising a solar panel, a fixed frame, a rotating shaft, a first driving rod, a second driving rod, and a support rod, wherein the solar panel is mounted on the fixed frame, the fixed frame is mounted on the rotating shaft, one end of the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the support rod, the other end of the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the first driving rod, the first driving rod and the support rod are located in the same plane, one end of the second driving rod is rotatably connected to the support rod, and the other end of the second driving rod is rotatably connected to the fixed frame located on one side of the rotating shaft.

[0006] Furthermore, the first driving rod and the second driving rod may be hydraulic driving rods or motor driving rods.

[0007] Furthermore, the photovoltaic solar tracking system also includes a GPS locator and a controller, and the controller is electrically connected to the GPS locator, the first driving rod, and the second driving rod respectively.

[0008] Furthermore, a rotating arm is provided on the fixed frame, and the second driving rod is transmission-connected to the fixed frame via the rotating arm.

[0009] Furthermore, the photovoltaic solar tracking system also includes a gyroscope, which is installed on the solar panel or the fixed frame and is connected to the controller.

[0010] Furthermore, the photovoltaic solar tracking system also includes a solar angle detection device, which includes a shell, a base, and a plurality of light sensing mechanisms. The shell is a light-transmitting hemisphere, and the shell is installed on the solar panel through the base. The light sensing mechanism includes a light receiving end, a light guide, and a light sensor. The light receiving end forms a light transmission path with the light sensor through the light guide. The light receiving end of each of the light sensing mechanisms is installed in the shell, and the receiving direction of the light receiving end is toward the center of the shell. Several of the light sensing mechanisms are composed of a central optical fiber sensing mechanism and a plurality of lateral optical fiber sensing mechanisms. The receiving direction of the light receiving end of the central optical fiber sensing mechanism is perpendicular to the solar panel, and the light receiving ends of each of the lateral optical fiber sensing mechanisms are evenly installed in the shell with the light receiving end of the central optical fiber sensing mechanism as the center.

[0011] Furthermore, the solar angle detection device also includes a first convex lens, which is installed above the shell, and the main optical axis of the first convex lens coincides with the receiving direction of the light receiving end of the central optical fiber sensing mechanism.

[0012] Furthermore, the light guide is an optical fiber.

[0013] Furthermore, a second convex lens is disposed in the light receiving end.

[0014] Furthermore, the shell is also provided with a plurality of annular concave lenses at the light receiving end of the lateral optical fiber sensing mechanism, a circular flat mirror portion is provided at the center of the annular concave lens, and the main optical axis of the annular concave lens coincides with the main optical axis of the second convex lens, and the area of ​​the circular flat mirror portion is not less than the area of ​​the second convex lens.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention utilizes the first driving rod and the second driving rod to achieve the dual-axis tracking effect, and avoids the use of an AC motor and a slewing support drive, and has the advantages of low cost and easy maintenance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a side view of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a second driving rod according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a photovoltaic solar tracking system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4This is a front view of a ring-shaped concave lens according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the light receiving end of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] 1. Solar panel; 2. Fixed frame; 21. Rotating arm; 3. Rotating axis; 41. First driving rod; 42. Second driving rod; 43. Support rod; 51. GPS locator; 52. Controller; 53. Gyroscope; 6. Sun angle detection device; 61. Shell; 62. Base; 63. Light sensing mechanism; 631. Light receiving end; 6311. Second convex lens; 632. Light guide; 633. Light sensor; 64. First convex lens; 65. Annular concave lens. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only embodiments of a part of the present invention, rather than all embodiments.

[0023] The embodiment of the present invention discloses a photovoltaic solar tracking system, such as Figure 1-2 As shown, it includes a solar panel 1, a fixed frame 2, a rotating shaft 3, a first driving rod 41, a second driving rod 42, and a support rod 43. The solar panel 1 is installed on the fixed frame 2, and the fixed frame 2 is installed on the rotating shaft 3. One end of the rotating shaft 3 is rotatably connected to the support rod 43, and the other end of the rotating shaft 3 is rotatably connected to the first driving rod 41. The first driving rod 41 and the support rod 43 are located in the same plane, one end of the second driving rod 42 is rotatably connected to the support rod 43, and the other end of the second driving rod 42 is rotatably connected to the fixed frame 2 located on one side of the rotating shaft 3.

[0024] Among them, Figure 1-2 As shown, the support rod 43 and the first driving rod 41 are installed on the ground. Universal joints are arranged at both ends of the second driving rod 42, and the two ends of the second driving rod 42 are connected to the fixed frame 2 and the support rod 43 through the universal joints.

[0025] During actual installation, the rotation axis 3 can be installed in the east-west direction or in the north-south direction. The embodiment of the present invention takes the installation of the rotation axis 3 in the north-south direction as an example. The support rod 43 is vertically installed on the ground, and one end of the first drive rod 41 is rotatably installed on the ground. During use, the orientation of the solar panel 1 in the north-south direction can be adjusted by the telescopic length of the first drive rod 41; and the telescopic length of the second drive rod 42 can drive the fixed frame 2 to rotate in the east-west direction with the rotation axis 3 as the axis, thereby realizing the angle adjustment in the east-west direction.

[0026] The embodiment of the present invention utilizes the first driving rod 41 and the second driving rod 42 to achieve the dual-axis tracking effect, and avoids the use of AC motors and slewing support drives, and has the advantages of low cost and easy maintenance. The embodiment of the present invention has a simple structure, and the user can determine the change of the illumination angle over time according to the longitude and latitude of the photovoltaic solar tracking system, and then through the setting of a fixed program, utilize the extension and retraction degree of the first driving rod 41 and the second driving rod 42 at different time periods to make the solar panel 1 change over time, and adjust the angle in accordance with the illumination, so as to ensure that the surface of the solar panel 1 is perpendicular to the sunlight irradiation direction, and improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0027] Optional, such as Figure 1-2 As shown, the first driving rod 41 and the second driving rod 42 can be hydraulic driving rods or motor driving rods.

[0028] The first driving rod 41 and the second driving rod 42 are both driven by motors for telescopic driving.

[0029] Optional, such as Figure 1-2 As shown, the photovoltaic solar tracking system further includes a GPS locator 51 and a controller 52 , and the controller 52 is electrically connected to the GPS locator 51 , the first driving rod 41 , and the second driving rod 42 , respectively.

[0030] Among them, Figure 1-2 As shown, the GPS locator 51 and the controller 52 are both installed at the support rod 43. The controller 52 can control the working conditions of the first driving rod 41 and the second driving rod 42.

[0031] The embodiment of the present invention adopts the GPS locator 51 to enable the photovoltaic solar tracking system to have a positioning function. The user can effectively locate the address information of the photovoltaic solar tracking system through the GPS locator 51, and then determine the sunlight exposure angle through inquiry, so that the user can determine the deflection angle of the solar panel 1 according to the sunlight exposure angle, ensuring that the sunlight can vertically enter the solar panel 1, thereby improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar panel 1.

[0032] Optional, such as Figure 1-2 As shown, a rotating arm 21 is further provided on the fixed frame 2 , and the second driving rod 42 is transmission-connected to the fixed frame 2 via the rotating arm 21 .

[0033] Among them, Figure 1-2 As shown, the rotating arm 21 is mounted on the fixed frame 2 , and the second driving rod 42 is rotatably connected to the rotating arm 21 .

[0034] In particular, the photovoltaic solar tracking system further includes a gyroscope 53 , which is mounted on the solar panel 1 or the fixed frame 2 , and is connected to the controller 52 .

[0035] The gyroscope 53 is installed on the solar panel 1 .

[0036] The embodiment of the present invention uses the gyroscope 53 to obtain the precise angle of the solar panel 1 in real time, thereby facilitating effective adjustment of the angle of the solar panel 1 .

[0037] Optional, such as Figure 3 As shown, the photovoltaic solar tracking system also includes a sun angle detection device 6, which includes a shell 61, a base 62, and a plurality of light sensing mechanisms 63. The shell 61 is a light-transmitting hemisphere, and the shell 61 is installed on the solar panel 1 through the base 62. The light sensing mechanism 63 includes a light receiving end 631, a light guide 632, and a light sensor 633. The light receiving end 631 forms a light transmission path with the light sensor 633 through the light guide 632. The light receiving end 631 of each of the light sensing mechanisms 63 is installed in the shell 61, and the receiving direction of the light receiving end 631 is toward the center of the shell 61. The plurality of light sensing mechanisms 63 are composed of a central optical fiber sensing mechanism and a plurality of lateral optical fiber sensing mechanisms. The receiving direction of the light receiving end 631 of the central optical fiber sensing mechanism is perpendicular to the solar panel 1, and the light receiving end 631 of each of the lateral optical fiber sensing mechanisms is evenly installed in the shell 61 with the light receiving end 631 of the central optical fiber sensing mechanism as the center.

[0038] Among them, Figure 3 As shown, the light receiving ends 631 of the lateral optical fiber sensing mechanisms are evenly installed in the housing 61 with equal distances around the central optical fiber sensing mechanism light receiving end 631, and the light receiving ends 631 are connected and fixed to the housing 61 by a connector. The sun angle detection device 6 is connected to the controller 52.

[0039] When working, the controller 52 can obtain the light intensity collected by each lateral fiber optic sensing mechanism and the central fiber optic sensing mechanism. If the intensity detected by one lateral fiber optic sensing mechanism is greater than the light intensity of the other lateral fiber optic sensing mechanisms, it means that the detection angle of the lateral fiber optic sensing mechanism is closer to the sunlight angle.

[0040] In actual operation, sunlight may be affected by local moisture, dark clouds and other factors, causing the actual angle of illumination to deviate from the theoretical angle. The embodiment of the present invention uses a light sensing mechanism 63 to effectively detect the sunlight angle at the solar panel 1, thereby improving the detection accuracy of the sunlight angle and further improving the photoelectric conversion power of the solar panel 1.

[0041] In particular, such as Figure 3As shown, the sun angle detection device 6 also includes a first convex lens 64, which is installed above the housing 61, and the main optical axis of the first convex lens 64 coincides with the receiving direction of the light receiving end 631 of the central optical fiber sensing mechanism.

[0042] The surface area of ​​one side of the first convex lens 64 is more than twice the cross-sectional area of ​​the light guide 632. The light receiving end 631 of the central optical fiber sensing mechanism is located at the focus of the first convex lens 64.

[0043] The embodiment of the present invention can increase the light collection area of ​​the central optical fiber sensing mechanism by adopting the first convex lens 64, thereby increasing the light intensity collected by the central optical fiber sensing mechanism, thereby achieving the effect of light intensity amplification. When the first convex lens 64 is deflected from the angle of sunlight, the light intensity collected at the optical fiber sensing mechanism will change significantly, so that the central optical fiber sensing mechanism can effectively improve the sensitivity of detecting light intensity changes.

[0044] Particularly, the light guide member 632 is an optical fiber.

[0045] In particular, such as Figure 5 As shown, a second convex lens 6311 is disposed in the light receiving end 631 .

[0046] One end of the light guide 632 is located on the main optical axis of the second convex lens 6311 .

[0047] The embodiment of the present invention can effectively increase the light receiving area of ​​the light receiving end 631 by adopting the second convex lens 6311, thereby increasing the light collection amount of the light receiving end 631 in its collection direction.

[0048] In particular, such as Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the shell 61 is also provided with a plurality of annular concave lenses 65 at the light receiving end 631 of the lateral optical fiber sensing mechanism, a circular flat mirror portion is provided at the center of the annular concave lens 65, and the main optical axis of the annular concave lens 65 coincides with the main optical axis of the second convex lens 6311, and the area of ​​the circular flat mirror portion is not less than the area of ​​the second convex lens 6311.

[0049] The annular concave lens 65 is a circular lens structure and has a circular flat lens portion.

[0050] The embodiment of the present invention adopts the annular concave lens 65 to refract light at angles other than the direction collected by the light receiving end 631, thereby preventing the light receiving end 631 from being affected by light at other angles and improving the light collection accuracy of the light receiving end 631 in its collection direction.

[0051] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the relevant field should understand that after reading the specification of this application, the technicians can still modify or replace the specific implementation mode of the present invention with equivalents, but these modifications or changes do not deviate from the scope of protection of the pending claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic solar tracking system, characterized in that: The photovoltaic solar tracking system comprises a solar panel, a fixed frame, a rotating shaft, a first driving rod, a second driving rod, and a support rod, wherein the solar panel is mounted on the fixed frame, the fixed frame is mounted on the rotating shaft, one end of the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the support rod, the other end of the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the first driving rod, the first driving rod and the support rod are located in the same plane, one end of the second driving rod is rotatably connected to the support rod, and the other end of the second driving rod is rotatably connected to the fixed frame located on one side of the rotating shaft; The support rod and the first driving rod are installed on the ground; both ends of the second driving rod are provided with universal joints, and the two ends of the second driving rod are connected to the fixed frame and the support rod through the universal joints; The photovoltaic solar tracking system also includes a sun angle detection device, which includes a shell, a base, and a plurality of light sensing mechanisms. The shell is a light-transmitting hemisphere, and the shell is installed on the solar panel through the base. The light sensing mechanism includes a light receiving end, a light guide, and a light sensor. The light receiving end forms a light transmission path with the light sensor through the light guide. The light receiving end of each light sensing mechanism is installed in the shell, and the receiving direction of the light receiving end is toward the center of the shell. The plurality of light sensing mechanisms are composed of a central optical fiber sensing mechanism and a plurality of lateral optical fiber sensing mechanisms. The receiving direction of the light receiving end of the central optical fiber sensing mechanism is perpendicular to the solar panel, and the light receiving ends of each lateral optical fiber sensing mechanism are evenly installed in the shell with the light receiving end of the central optical fiber sensing mechanism as the center. The solar angle detection device further comprises a first convex lens, which is installed above the housing, and the main optical axis of the first convex lens coincides with the receiving direction of the light receiving end of the central optical fiber sensing mechanism; A second convex lens is disposed in the light receiving end; The shell is also provided with a plurality of annular concave lenses at the light receiving end of the lateral optical fiber sensing mechanism, a circular flat mirror portion is provided at the center of the annular concave lens, and the main optical axis of the annular concave lens coincides with the main optical axis of the second convex lens, and the area of ​​the circular flat mirror portion is not less than the area of ​​the second convex lens.

2. A photovoltaic solar tracking system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first driving rod and the second driving rod may be hydraulic driving rods or motor driving rods.

3. A photovoltaic solar tracking system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic solar energy tracking system also includes a GPS locator and a controller, and the controller is electrically connected to the GPS locator, the first driving rod, and the second driving rod respectively.

4. A photovoltaic solar tracking system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed frame is also provided with a rotating arm, and the second driving rod is transmission-connected with the fixed frame via the rotating arm.

5. A photovoltaic solar tracking system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The photovoltaic solar tracking system also includes a gyroscope, which is installed on a solar panel or a fixed frame and is connected to a controller.

6. A photovoltaic solar tracking system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light guide is an optical fiber.

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