An automatic cleaning and dust removal device and method for the inner wall of an open-top carriage

Abstract

The present invention relates to an automatic cleaning and dust removal device and method for the inner wall of an open-top carriage, comprising: a cleaning unit capable of cleaning the carriage floor and inner wall, the cleaning unit is sequentially connected to a particle absorption unit, a dust absorption unit, a fan, and a chimney through a dust suction pipeline. The cleaning unit and the fan are electrically connected to a control unit, and the control unit is electrically connected to a carriage position sensor. The present invention uses the position sensor to locate the moving train, and timely lowers and retracts the cleaning mechanism according to the positions of the front and rear side plates of the carriage, and performs tracking cleaning on each carriage during movement, saving the start-stop time of each carriage of the train and greatly improving the cleaning efficiency of the train. The present invention also uses the vacuum suction method to clean the carriage, separately collects the cleaned material residues and dust, forms two recyclable products, and conveys and utilizes them separately, which not only protects the environment but also improves the resource utilization rate, and is an efficient and environmentally friendly train cleaning solution.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an automatic cleaning and dust removal device and method for the inner wall of an open-top carriage, which is an automated mechanical device and method for environmental protection, and is a cleaning and dust removal device and method for railway open-top carriages. Background Art

[0002] After the carriage of an open-top bulk train is unloaded, there will inevitably be a lot of residue and dust left in the carriage, which usually needs to be cleaned manually or by mechanical equipment. Existing mechanical equipment usually only cleans the carriage, and simply discards the residue and dust after cleaning without any treatment, making a large amount of residue and dust mixed together, unable to be effectively processed, and can only be discarded as waste, which wastes resources and pollutes the environment.

[0003] On the other hand, existing train cleaning machinery usually cleans each carriage of the train one by one when the train is stationary. After each carriage is cleaned, the train has to start to let the next carriage enter the cleaning position. For trains transporting large amounts of bulk materials such as coal, there are often dozens of carriages. Due to the huge inertia, the repeated start and stop of the train consume a lot of time, greatly reducing the efficiency of automatic train cleaning. If the parking position is inaccurate, in order to ensure the cleaning quality, it is necessary to move forward and backward repeatedly to adjust the carriage position, which further exacerbates the waste of time and greatly reduces the overall cleaning efficiency.

[0004] How to improve the efficiency of automatic train cleaning and effectively process the waste generated by cleaning is a problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the problems of the prior art, the present invention proposes an automatic cleaning and dust removal device and method for the inner wall of an open-top carriage. The device and method can continuously clean each carriage of the train while the train is moving forward, saving the time for the train to start and stop, improving the cleaning efficiency, and at the same time collecting the material residue and dust by means of classified collection and transporting and utilizing them separately, which not only protects the environment but also improves the utilization rate of resources.

[0006] The object of the present invention is achieved as follows: An automatic cleaning and dust removal device for the inner wall of an open-top carriage, comprising: a cleaning unit capable of cleaning the carriage floor and inner wall, and the cleaning unit is sequentially connected to a particle absorption unit, a dust absorption unit, a fan, and a chimney through a dust suction pipeline; the particle absorption unit is sequentially provided with a cyclone dust collector, a particle storage hopper, and a particle conveyor; the dust absorption unit is sequentially provided with a dust filter dust collector, a dust storage hopper, and a dust conveyor; the cleaning unit includes: a transverse horizontal slide rail spanning both sides of the carriage, and the transverse horizontal slide rail is divided into a fixed slide rail and a lifting slide rail, and the lifting slide rail is connected to a lifting winch through a steel wire rope; a cleaning machine capable of moving along the transverse horizontal slide rail is arranged on the transverse horizontal slide rail, and the cleaning machine is provided with a front and rear cleaning brush roller group, two side cleaning brush roller groups, and a bottom cleaning brush roller group capable of moving up and down to clean the front and rear and both sides inner walls of the carriage and the carriage floor, and the front and rear cleaning brush roller group is provided with a telescopic mechanism capable of moving forward and backward following the carriage; each cleaning brush roller group is equipped with its own dust suction hood, and each dust suction hood is connected to the dust suction pipeline through a branch pipeline; the cleaning unit, the fan, and the control unit are electrically connected, and the control unit is electrically connected to a carriage position sensor.

[0007] Further, the cleaning machine includes a trolley moving on the transverse horizontal slide rail through rollers, a fixed frame is arranged on the trolley, a cleaning execution frame capable of moving up and down along the fixed frame is arranged on the fixed frame, the cleaning execution frame is connected to the fixed frame through an up and down moving cylinder, and the telescopic mechanism, each cleaning brush roller group and its dust suction hood are arranged on the cleaning execution frame.

[0008] Further, the telescopic mechanism is a swing rod type telescopic mechanism, including: multiple swing rods with one end hinged to the cleaning execution frame and the other end provided with a brush roller, the middle of the swing rod is fixedly connected to one end of a rocker, and the other end of the rocker is connected to a swing power cylinder.

[0009] Further, the telescopic mechanism is a translation type telescopic mechanism, including: a horizontal moving frame with multiple brush rollers, and the horizontal moving frame is connected to a horizontal moving cylinder.

[0010] Further, the up and down moving cylinder, the swing power cylinder, and the horizontal moving cylinder are one of a hydraulic cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder, and an electric cylinder.

[0011] Further, the particle absorption unit is provided with a particle absorption unit steel structure frame, and the cyclone dust collector, the particle storage hopper, and the particle conveyor are sequentially arranged on the particle absorption unit steel structure frame from top to bottom.

[0012] Further, the dust absorption unit is provided with a dust absorption unit steel structure frame, and the dust filter dust collector, the dust storage hopper, and the dust conveyor are sequentially arranged on the dust absorption unit steel structure frame from top to bottom.

[0013] Furthermore, the cyclone dust collector, the particle accumulation hopper, the ash filter dust collector, and the ash powder accumulation hopper are respectively provided with material metering sensors and gates, and each of the material metering sensors, gates, the particle conveyor, and the dust conveyor is electrically connected to the control unit.

[0014] Furthermore, a muffler is provided between the fan and the chimney.

[0015] An automatic cleaning and dust removal method for the inner wall of an open-top carriage using the above device, the steps of the method are as follows:

[0016] Step 1, detect the initial state: Detect the initial state: the lifting slide rail is in the raised state, the cleaning machine is on the fixed slide rail, the cleaning execution frame is in the state of coinciding with the fixed frame, and the telescopic mechanism is in the retracted state;

[0017] Step 2, start the cleaning unit: When the carriage position sensor detects that the locomotive has passed the cleaning position, the horizontal slide rail drops to the horizontal position, the trolley travels above the carriage, the cleaning execution starts to descend, each cleaning brush roller starts to rotate, and at the same time the fan is started;

[0018] Step 3, clean the front side board of the carriage: The front cleaning brush roller group quickly enters the carriage with the cleaning execution frame, and starts to clean the front side board of a carriage. At the same time, the telescopic mechanism starts to extend forward and backward, so that the front cleaning brush roller group follows the forward movement of the front side board of the carriage, and maintains a cleaning time with the front side board of the carriage. After that, the front side board of the carriage separates from the front cleaning brush roller group, and the cleaning of the front side board is completed;

[0019] Step 4, clean the two side boards and the bottom board of the carriage: The cleaning execution frame quickly descends, so that the two side cleaning brush roller groups and the bottom cleaning brush are in contact with the bottom board of the carriage, forming the cleaning of the two side boards and the bottom board of the carriage;

[0020] Step 5, clean the rear side board of the carriage: When the carriage position sensor monitors that the rear cleaning brush roller group on the extended rear cleaning contraction mechanism has reached the position where it can clean the rear side board, the telescopic mechanism starts to contract to follow the forward movement of the rear side board; When the contraction mechanism is about to reach the contraction end point, quickly raise the cleaning execution frame to complete the cleaning of the rear side board of a carriage and the two sides and the bottom board;

[0021] Step 6, determine whether it is the last carriage: The carriage position sensor determines whether it is the last carriage. If "yes", the cleaning ends; if "no", return to steps 3 and 4;

[0022] Step 7, separating residues: During the cleaning process while performing Steps 3, 4, and 5, the fan forms a strong suction at each suction hood, sucking the residual materials swept out into the pipeline and respectively absorbing the particles and dust in the residual materials through the particle absorption unit and the dust absorption unit, concentrating them into the particle accumulation hopper and the dust accumulation hopper to form commercial materials that can be sold.

[0023] Step 8, outputting materials: The material metering sensors in the cyclone dust collector, the particle accumulation hopper, the ash filter dust collector, and the ash powder accumulation hopper monitor the filling levels of the materials in the cyclone dust collector, the particle accumulation hopper, the ash filter dust collector, and the ash powder accumulation hopper, and at any time notify the controller to require the transportation of particles or ash powder away.

[0024] The advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention uses a position sensor to locate the moving train, and appropriately lowers and retracts the cleaning mechanism according to the positions of the front and rear side plates of the carriage to perform tracking cleaning on each moving carriage, saving the start-stop time of each carriage of the train and greatly improving the train cleaning efficiency. The present invention also uses a vacuum suction method to clean the carriage, separately collecting the cleaned material residues and dust to form two recyclable products, and respectively transporting and utilizing them, which not only protects the environment but also improves the resource utilization rate, and is an efficient and environmentally friendly train cleaning solution. Description of the Drawings

[0025] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.

[0026] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the device described in Embodiments 1, 6, 7, 8, and 9 of the present invention in the state of avoiding the locomotive;

[0027] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the device described in Embodiments 1, 6, 7, 8, and 9 of the present invention in the state of cleaning the carriage;

[0028] Figure 3 is a control principle block diagram of the device described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the front and rear cleaning brush groups of the swing rod type telescopic mechanism described in Embodiment 3 of the present invention in the retracted state, and is Figure 1 View A in

[0030] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the front and rear cleaning brush groups of the swing rod type telescopic mechanism described in Embodiment 3 of the present invention in the extended state, and is Figure 2 View B in

[0031] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the front and rear cleaning brush groups of the translation type telescopic mechanism described in Embodiment 4 of the present invention in the retracted state, and isFigure 1 View A of [the object];

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic structural view of the front and rear cleaning brush sets of the translational telescopic mechanism according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention when in the extended state. It is Figure 2 View B of [the object];

[0033] Figure 8 This is a flowchart of the method according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0034] Embodiment 1:

[0035] This embodiment is an automatic cleaning and dust removal device for the inner wall of an open-top carriage, as shown in Figure 1 , 2 , 3. This embodiment includes: a cleaning unit 1 capable of cleaning the carriage floor and inner wall, and the cleaning unit is sequentially connected to a particle absorption unit 3, an ash and powder absorption unit 4, a fan 5, and a chimney 6 through a dust suction pipeline 2; the particle absorption unit is sequentially provided with a cyclone dust collector 301, a particle storage hopper 302, and a particle conveyor 303; the ash and powder absorption unit is sequentially provided with an ash filter dust collector 401, an ash and powder storage hopper 402, and an ash and powder conveyor 403; the cleaning unit includes: a horizontal transverse slide rail spanning both sides of the carriage, the horizontal transverse slide rail is divided into a fixed slide rail 101 and a lifting slide rail 102, and the lifting slide rail is connected to a lifting winch 103 through a steel wire rope; a cleaning machine capable of moving along the horizontal transverse slide rail is provided on the horizontal transverse slide rail, and the cleaning machine is provided with a front and rear cleaning brush set 104 (see Figure 3 , 4 ) capable of moving up and down to clean the front, rear, and both side inner walls and the carriage floor of the carriage, side cleaning brush sets 105, and bottom cleaning brush sets 106. The front and rear cleaning brush sets are provided with a telescopic mechanism capable of moving back and forth following the carriage; each cleaning brush set is equipped with its own dust suction hood 107, and each dust suction hood is connected to the dust suction pipeline through a branch pipeline; the cleaning unit, the fan, and the control unit are electrically connected, and the control unit is electrically connected to a carriage position sensor, as shown in Figure 3 .

[0036] This embodiment mainly consists of three parts: a cleaning unit, a particle absorption unit, and a dust absorption unit. Among them, the cleaning unit is relatively complex and consists of multiple moving mechanisms.

[0037] Since the locomotive 01 of the train (the train head, Figure 1 represented by a double-dashed line) is higher than the carriage 02 (the car body, Figure 2 represented by a double-dashed line), in order to avoid the height of the locomotive, the cleaning unit adopts a structure similar to a drawbridge. When the locomotive arrives, a section of the horizontal slide rail is lifted by the lifting winch, as shown in Figure 1As shown, after the locomotive passes, the raised slide rail is laid flat, so that the sweeper can move from the original position of avoiding the locomotive to the cleaning position of the cleaning carriage state, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown. In order to enable the sweeper to move between the original position and the sweeping position, the sweeper can be designed as a wheeled trolley rolling on a light steel rail, or a finished rolling translation component such as a roller guide or a linear guide can be used. The power for the horizontal displacement of the sweeper can be a motor driving the roller to rotate, or a hydraulic power such as a hydraulic motor or a hydraulic cylinder, or other translational driving methods, such as electric cylinders, cylinders and other power devices.

[0038] The structure of each cleaning roller brush group in the cleaning unit is: a steel wire or other elastic hard filament is arranged on the outer circumference of the long shaft to form a roller brush, and the roller brushes are arranged in rows along the surface to be swept to form rows of roller brushes. When cleaning, each roller brush rotates under the drive of the power device to form a rolling cleaning of the surface to be swept. The power device that drives the roller brush to rotate can be an electric motor, a hydraulic motor, etc.

[0039] The cleaning roller brush group should be inserted into the carriage when cleaning, and after cleaning, the roller brush group should be retracted into the sweeper to avoid the front and rear side panels of the carriage. For this purpose, a lifting mechanism is required in the sweeper. The lifting mechanism can use two frames, one frame is fixed to the sweeper, and the other frame moves up and down along the fixed frame to form a relative displacement up and down, so that the cleaning roller brush group can be inserted into the carriage for cleaning operations. The up and down displacement constraints of the mobile frame can use rollers and light steel rails, or other finished linear motion translation components, and the movement power of the mobile frame can use power components such as oil cylinders, air cylinders, and electric cylinders.

[0040] In order to realize continuous cleaning of the entire train as the train moves forward, this embodiment adopts a very critical telescopic mechanism that moves forward and backward. The telescopic mechanism can extend or retract to follow the speed of the train to follow the movement of the front or rear side plate of the carriage, so that the roller brush group is in close contact with the front and rear side plates of the carriage when the train moves forward, forming a roller brush on the front and rear side plates.

[0041] It should be noted that generally, to clean a flat surface, the brush roller group needs to be relatively stationary with respect to the flat surface in the radial direction of the brush roller and move along the flat surface in the axial direction of the brush roller, so that the brush rollers in the brush roller group can form a brush roller during continuous rotation and rolling with respect to the flat surface. The key point is that there needs to be a period of relative stillness between the radial direction of the brush roller and the flat surface to achieve the cleaning effect of the brush roller. However, this brings a problem. If the front and rear brush roller groups are fixed, in order to clean the front and rear side plates of the carriage thoroughly, the train needs to stop, make the brush roller relatively stationary with respect to the front side plate or the rear side plate for a period of time in the radial direction, and move the cleaning brush roller up and down along the front and rear side plates, so as to clean the front or rear side plate thoroughly. If the unimproved fixed front and rear brush roller groups are still used, stopping the train for cleaning is no different from the prior art, and it is impossible to avoid the trouble of starting and stopping the train during the cleaning process.

[0042] To enable the train to clean the front and rear side plates during the running process, in this embodiment, a telescopic mechanism is adopted. The telescopic mechanism is used to track the displacement of the front side plate or the rear side plate, so that the brush roller remains relatively stationary with respect to the side plate plane in the radial direction for a period of time. During this period of relative stillness, the brush roller group moves up and down to achieve the purpose of cleaning.

[0043] The telescopic mechanism can have various forms, such as a swing rod mechanism or a translation mechanism, etc.

[0044] To enable the front and rear cleaning brush roller groups to track the front and rear side plates, it is necessary to accurately detect the position and displacement state of the carriage to determine when the brush roller group starts cleaning and maintains relative stillness with respect to the side plate plane in the radial direction during the cleaning process, that is, to expand and contract the cleaning brush roller group at the speed of the forward movement of the side plate. Here, determining the movement speed of the carriage and tracking the displacement of the side plate is very crucial. In this embodiment, a carriage position sensor is set to accurately track the displacement of the carriage, determine the displacement and movement speed of the front and rear side plates, and thus determine the entry and expansion and contraction speed of the cleaning brush roller group.

[0045] The carriage position sensor can be a grating group installed on both sides of the railway track where the carriage passes, or a laser speedometer or Doppler radar installed on both sides or above the railway where the train passes, etc.

[0046] It should be noted that the direction indications such as up, down, front, rear, both sides, left, and right in this embodiment and the following various embodiments are the front, rear, left, right, up, down, and both sides that are generally recognized when a person stands on the train and faces the forward direction of the train. The transverse direction refers to the direction perpendicular to the forward direction of the train, and the longitudinal direction refers to the direction consistent with the forward direction of the train.

[0047] The control unit is an electronic device with digital operation and digital storage functions, such as devices like PLC and industrial PC, etc.

[0048] Embodiment Two:

[0049] This embodiment is an improvement of Embodiment 1 and a refinement of Embodiment 1 regarding the sweeper. The sweeper described in this embodiment includes a trolley 109 that moves on a horizontal transverse slide rail through rollers 108. A fixed frame 110 is provided on the trolley. A cleaning execution frame 111 that can move up and down along the fixed frame is provided on the fixed frame. The cleaning execution frame is connected to the fixed frame through an up-and-down moving cylinder 112. As Figure 2 shown, the telescopic mechanism 113 and each cleaning brush roller group and its dust suction hood are provided on the cleaning execution frame. As Figures 4 - 7 shown, ( Figure 2 the telescopic mechanism in Figures 4 - 7 is not drawn,

[0050] and the dust suction hood is not drawn in

[0051] ). The rollers can be wheels driven by a power device and capable of rotating independently to make the trolley travel on the horizontal slide rail. The power facilities that drive the rollers to rotate can be motors, hydraulic motors, etc. The rollers can also be non-powered, and the lateral movement of the trolley on the horizontal slide rail can use methods such as wire traction or rack and pinion drive.

[0052] Embodiment 3:

[0053] This embodiment is an improvement of the above embodiment and a refinement of the above embodiment regarding the telescopic mechanism. The telescopic mechanism in this embodiment is a swing rod type telescopic mechanism, including: a plurality of swing rods 1131 with one end hinged to the cleaning execution frame and the other end provided with brush rollers. The middle of the swing rod is fixedly connected to one end of a rocker 1132. The other end of the rocker is connected to a swing power cylinder 1133. As Figure 3 , 4 shown.

[0054] The telescopic mechanism described in this embodiment is a key facility for tracking and cleaning the front and rear side plates of the carriage. When the carriage travels in the direction of arrow B in Figure 3 , the front side plate 021 enters the cleaning station and continues to move forward slowly. The cleaning execution frame inserts into the carriage along arrow C. At this time, under the push of the swing power cylinder, the swing rod gradually lifts along arrows D and E (for simplicity of control, the brush roller group for cleaning the rear side plate can also be lifted at the same time, or it can also be lifted when approaching the rear side plate), so that the cleaning brush rollers contact and clean the front side plate of the carriage. As the carriage continues to move forward, the swing rod continues to lift, keeping the brush rollers in contact with the front side plate until the swing rod makes the cleaning brush rollers reach the maximum telescopic distance. As Figure 4As shown. After that, the front side plate of the carriage continues to move forward and finally detaches from the cleaning brush roller, and the cleaning of the front side plate of the carriage ends. At this time, the cleaning actuator frame also reaches its maximum stroke, causing the bottom cleaning brush roller to contact the carriage floor for cleaning. When the rear side plate of the carriage reaches the rear cleaning brush roller group, the swing rod gradually swings back, causing the brush roller group to gradually contract to maintain a distance from the rear side plate for cleaning the rear side plate. At the same time, the cleaning actuator frame gradually rises until the cleaning actuator frame is completely pulled out of the carriage, and the swing rod also completely contracts the cleaning brush roller group, ending the cleaning of the rear side plate and also ending the cleaning of the entire carriage.

[0055] The key to cleaning the front and rear side plates lies in maintaining a distance between the cleaning brush roller group and the moving side plate during the cleaning process so that the brush roller can rotate and sweep. Therefore, the swing of the swing rod actually makes the brush roller group move forward as the carriage side plate moves forward.

[0056] To connect multiple swing rods to a single swing power cylinder, a connecting rod 2234 can be used, which is connected to multiple swing rods and a single swing power cylinder, converting the action of one power cylinder into the actions of multiple swing rods.

[0057] The expansion and contraction of the front and rear cleaning brush roller groups can be carried out simultaneously. It's just that when cleaning the front side plate, only the front brush roller group performs effective cleaning, while the rear brush roller group does not perform effective cleaning. When cleaning the rear side plate, the situation is exactly the opposite.

[0058] The power cylinder mentioned above can be power facilities such as hydraulic cylinders, pneumatic cylinders, and electric cylinders. The swing rod can also be pushed by rotational power facilities, such as electric motors, hydraulic motors, pneumatic motors, etc., and the same effect as the power cylinder can be achieved through a speed reducer.

[0059] Embodiment 4:

[0060] This embodiment is an improvement of the above embodiment and a refinement of the telescopic mechanism in the above embodiment. The telescopic mechanism in this embodiment is a translational telescopic mechanism, including: a horizontally moving frame 1135 with multiple brush rollers, and the horizontally moving frame is connected to a horizontally moving cylinder 1136, as Figure 6 , 7 shown.

[0061] The cleaning process in this embodiment is similar to the swing cleaning, except that the tracking movement of the cleaning brush roller group changes from swing to linear movement. To make the horizontally moving frame move smoothly, linear motion components such as rolling guides and roller guides can be used.

[0062] The telescopic process during cleaning is: when the carriage moves along Figure 6When moving in the direction of arrow B, the front apron enters the cleaning station and continues to move forward slowly. The cleaning actuator frame inserts into the carriage in the direction of arrow C. At this time, under the push of the horizontal moving cylinder, the horizontal moving frame gradually extends along the directions of arrows G and F (for simplicity of control, the brush roller group for cleaning the rear apron can also be extended simultaneously, or it can also be extended when approaching the rear apron), so that the cleaning brush roller contacts the front apron of the carriage and performs cleaning. As the carriage continues to move forward, the horizontal moving frame continues to extend, keeping the brush roller in contact with the front apron until the horizontal moving frame makes the cleaning brush roller reach the maximum extension distance, as Figure 7 shown. Then the front apron of the carriage continues to move forward and finally disengages from the cleaning brush roller, and the cleaning of the front apron of the carriage ends. At this time, the cleaning actuator frame also reaches the maximum stroke, causing the bottom cleaning brush roller to contact the bottom plate of the carriage for cleaning. When the rear apron of the carriage reaches the rear cleaning brush roller group, the horizontal moving frame gradually retracts, causing the brush roller group to gradually contract to maintain the distance from the rear apron for cleaning the rear apron. At the same time, the cleaning actuator frame gradually rises until the cleaning actuator frame is completely pulled out of the carriage, and the horizontal moving frame also completely contracts the cleaning brush roller group, ending the cleaning of the rear apron and also ending the cleaning of the entire carriage.

[0063] The advantage of the translation and telescoping mechanism is that it can have a relatively large telescoping stroke. A relatively large telescoping stroke means a longer cleaning time, that is, it can clean more cleanly.

[0064] Embodiment Five:

[0065] This embodiment is an improvement of the above embodiment and a refinement of the above embodiment regarding the power cylinder. The up-and-down moving cylinder, swinging power cylinder, and horizontal moving cylinder described in this embodiment are one of a hydraulic cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder, and an electric cylinder.

[0066] Each power cylinder can adopt commercially available finished products.

[0067] Embodiment Six:

[0068] This embodiment is an improvement of the above embodiment and a refinement of the above embodiment regarding the particle absorption unit. The particle absorption unit described in this embodiment is provided with a particle absorption unit steel structure frame 304. The particle absorption unit steel structure frame is sequentially provided with a cyclone dust collector, a particle storage hopper, and a particle conveyor from top to bottom, as Figure 1 , 2 shown.

[0069] To use gravity to make the particles or dust filtered after cleaning naturally drop, this embodiment adopts a vertical steel structure frame, arranging the cyclone dust collector and the particle storage hopper vertically. Gates are provided at the outlets of the cyclone dust collector and the particle storage hopper. At the same time, sensors for monitoring the accumulated material volume can also be provided in the cyclone dust collector and the particle storage hopper to implement the monitoring of the accumulated material volume, avoid accidents caused by excessive accumulated material, and achieve safe production.

[0070] Example VII:

[0071] This example is an improvement of the above examples and a refinement of the above examples regarding the dust absorption unit. The ash powder absorption unit in this example is provided with a steel structure frame 404 of the ash powder absorption unit. The steel structure frame of the ash powder absorption unit is sequentially provided with an ash filter dust collector, an ash powder accumulation hopper, and an ash powder conveyor from top to bottom, as shown in Figure 1 , 2 .

[0072] The steel structure frame of this example, like that of Example VI, is designed to utilize gravity for material accumulation.

[0073] Example VIII:

[0074] This example is an improvement of the above examples and a refinement of the above examples regarding the setting of the metering sensor. The cyclone dust collector, particle accumulation hopper, ash filter dust collector, and ash powder accumulation hopper in this example are respectively provided with a material metering sensor and a gate. Each of the material metering sensors and gates, as well as the particle conveyor and dust conveyor, is electrically connected to the control unit, as shown in Figure 3 .

[0075] The electrical connection described in this example refers to that some actuators, such as a lifting winch, a cleaning actuator frame, a gate, etc., execute the instructions of the control unit through hydraulic transmission, pneumatic or electric drive, etc.

[0076] The material metering sensor can be a video sensor, or an infrared sensor, or a lidar sensor, or a rod-type sensor, or a combination of various forms of sensors.

[0077] Example IX:

[0078] This example is an improvement of the above examples and a refinement of the above examples regarding the setting of the muffler. A muffler 8 is provided between the fan and the chimney in this example, as shown in Figure 1 , 2 .

[0079] The chimney itself has a muffling function and can also provide a certain amount of dust absorption and dust reduction ability, but a certain amount of noise will affect the surrounding environment. Therefore, a special muffler is specifically provided between the fan and the chimney in this example.

[0080] Example X:

[0081] This embodiment is an automatic cleaning and dust removal method for the inner wall of an open-top carriage of the device described in the previous embodiment. The basic principle of the method is as follows: The train to be cleaned slowly passes through the automatic cleaning and dust removal device for the inner wall of the open-top carriage described in the previous embodiment. The device analyzes the position of the carriage, accurately inserts the cleaning brush roller into the carriage from above the open-top carriage, and tracks the movement trajectories of each side panel and the bottom panel of the carriage to perform cleaning operations. It uses a vacuum suction method to suck the particles and dust generated by cleaning into each processing unit for separation, and finally outputs the sucked materials as particles and ash powder respectively, which not only protects the environment but also makes full use of resources.

[0082] The specific steps of the cleaning and dust removal method are as follows, and the process is as Figure 8 shown:

[0083] Step 1, detecting the initial state: Detect the initial state: The lifting slide rail is in the raised state, the cleaning machine is on the fixed slide rail, the cleaning execution frame is in the state of coinciding with the fixed frame, and the telescopic mechanism is in the retracted state.

[0084] The initial state is that each moving mechanism is at zero position (origin), which is the starting point of each moving mechanism. This starting point is usually a stable and safe state for each moving mechanism. When the surrounding situation changes (mainly the movement of the working object, here the train enters the cleaning position and moves forward), the state of the entire device will not cause accidents such as collisions with moving objects such as the train. Of course, each moving mechanism of the equipment itself is also in a state where no mutual interference will occur.

[0085] The lifting of the lifting slide rail is lifted by the lifting winch to avoid the locomotive entering the cleaning station. Usually, the height of the locomotive is higher than that of the carriage. When the train arrives, it is necessary to avoid the height of the locomotive. Therefore, when the lifting slide rail is lifted, it is in a safe state, and it is safe whether the carriage or the locomotive passes by.

[0086] Due to the need to avoid the locomotive, the lifting slide rail is in the raised state, and the cleaning machine cannot stay on the lifting slide rail and needs to stay on the fixed slide rail to be in a safe state.

[0087] The state that the cleaning execution frame coincides with the fixed frame means that the cleaning execution frame with all the cleaning brush rollers coincides with the fixed frame and is in the retracted state, so that it will not conflict with the slide rail and the trolley can move along the slide rail.

[0088] The telescopic mechanism is in the retracted state, and the front and rear cleaning brush rollers are retracted. At this time, it is at the zero point of the telescopic stroke of the cleaning brush roller.

[0089] Step 2, Start the cleaning unit: When the carriage position sensor detects that the locomotive has passed the cleaning position, the horizontal slide rail drops to the horizontal position, the trolley travels above the carriage, the cleaning actuator starts to descend, and each cleaning brush starts to rotate. At the same time, the fan is started.

[0090] In this step, the carriage position sensor monitors that the locomotive has passed by and the carriage has reached the cleaning position (the cleaning position refers to the position where the cleaning actuator can extend into the carriage). That is to say, no danger will occur after the horizontal slide rail is lowered, and no collision or other dangers will occur when the cleaning actuator is inserted into the carriage.

[0091] Step 3, Clean the front side plate of the carriage: The front cleaning brush group quickly enters the carriage along with the cleaning actuator and starts to clean the front side plate of one carriage. At the same time, the telescopic mechanism starts to extend forward and backward, enabling the front cleaning brush group to track the forward movement of the front side plate of the carriage, maintaining a cleaning time between the front cleaning brush group and the front side plate of the carriage. Then, the front side plate of the carriage disengages from the front cleaning brush group, and the cleaning of the front side plate is completed.

[0092] Since the carriage is moving forward continuously, during the forward movement, the front cleaning brush group starts to clean the front side plate while rotating when entering the carriage. To clean the front side plate thoroughly, a cleaning distance needs to be maintained between the cleaning brush group and the front side plate. However, since the carriage is moving forward continuously, to maintain the cleaning distance, the brush group needs to track the forward movement of the front side plate to clean the front side plate thoroughly. Therefore, the key to this step lies in the telescopic mechanism tracking the front side plate and maintaining the cleaning distance to achieve the purpose of cleaning the front side plate thoroughly.

[0093] Step 4, Clean the two side plates and the bottom plate of the carriage: The cleaning actuator quickly descends, causing the two side cleaning brush groups and the bottom cleaning brush to contact the bottom plate of the carriage, forming the cleaning of the two side plates and the bottom plate of the carriage.

[0094] In this step, the cleaning of the two side plates starts when the cleaning actuator with the brush group is inserted into the carriage, that is, at the same time as the cleaning of the front side plate. And the cleaning of the bottom plate of the carriage starts when the cleaning actuator reaches the bottom plate of the carriage with the bottom cleaning brush group. The cleaning of the two sides and the bottom ends together after the contraction mechanism contracts, that is, after the cleaning of the rear side plate is completed.

[0095] Step 5, Clean the rear side plate of the carriage: When the carriage position sensor monitors that the rear cleaning brush group on the extended rear cleaning contraction mechanism has reached the position where it can clean the rear side plate, the telescopic mechanism starts to contract to track the forward movement of the rear side plate; when the contraction mechanism is about to reach the contraction end point, the cleaning actuator is quickly raised to complete the cleaning of the rear side plate of one carriage and the two sides and the bottom plate.

[0096] This step is the reverse operation of Step 3, that is: when the rear shoe board approaches and reaches the optimal cleaning position of the rear cleaning brush group, the rear cleaning brush group starts to move backward following the rear shoe board. Until it is almost at the contraction limit, the cleaning execution frame quickly rises. The key to cleaning lies in the telescopic mechanism maintaining a period of time during which a stable distance is maintained between the cleaning brush group and the rear carriage board. During this period, the rotation of the brush can clean the rear shoe board thoroughly.

[0097] Step 6, determine whether it is the last carriage: The carriage position sensor determines whether it is the last carriage. If "yes", the cleaning ends; if "no", it returns to Steps 3 and 4.

[0098] Steps 4, 5, and 6 are for cleaning one carriage. To clean the entire train, it is necessary to clean carriage by carriage. In this embodiment, when the train is running non-stop, after cleaning one carriage, it is judged whether it is the last carriage. By such continuous cycling, a continuously formed train can be cleaned thoroughly.

[0099] Step 7, separate residues: During the cleaning process while performing Steps 3, 4, and 5, the blower forms strong suction at each dust suction hood, sucks the residual materials swept out into the pipeline, and respectively absorbs the particles and dust in the residual materials through the particle absorption unit and the dust absorption unit, concentrating them into the particle accumulator hopper and the dust accumulator hopper to form marketable commodity materials.

[0100] The residues in the carriage include both relatively large particles, but most are fine powders with small particles formed due to the impact during the loading and unloading process. The two are mixed together and cannot be sold as commodities. Therefore, they can be separated into particles and fine powders through different filters to directly form marketable commodities.

[0101] Step 8, output materials: The respective material metering sensors in the cyclone dust collector, the particle accumulator hopper, the ash filter dust collector, and the fine powder accumulator hopper monitor the fullness of the materials in the cyclone dust collector, the particle accumulator hopper, the ash filter dust collector, and the fine powder accumulator hopper, and at any time notify the controller to require the transportation of particles or fine powders.

[0102] A metering device should also be set in the accumulator hopper to be able to measure the output materials for commodity trading.

[0103] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred arrangement, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention (such as the structure of the cleaning machine, the form of the dust suction device, the sequence of steps, etc.) can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic cleaning and dust removal device for the inner wall of an open-top carriage, characterized in that Comprising: A cleaning unit capable of cleaning the carriage floor and inner wall. The cleaning unit is sequentially connected to a particle absorption unit, an ash powder absorption unit, a fan, and a chimney through a dust suction pipeline. The particle absorption unit is sequentially provided with a cyclone dust collector, a particle storage hopper, and a particle conveyor. The ash powder absorption unit is sequentially provided with an ash filter dust collector, an ash powder storage hopper, and an ash powder conveyor. The cleaning unit includes a transverse horizontal slide rail spanning both sides of the carriage. The transverse horizontal slide rail is divided into a fixed slide rail and a lifting slide rail. The lifting slide rail is connected to a lifting winch through a steel wire rope. A cleaning machine capable of moving along the transverse horizontal slide rail is provided on the transverse horizontal slide rail. The cleaning machine is provided with a front and rear cleaning brush group, a side cleaning brush group, and a bottom cleaning brush group capable of moving up and down to clean the front and rear and side inner walls and the carriage floor of the carriage. The front and rear cleaning brush group is provided with a telescopic mechanism capable of moving forward and backward following the carriage. Each cleaning brush group is equipped with its own dust suction hood, and each dust suction hood is connected to the dust suction pipeline through a branch pipeline. The cleaning unit, the fan, and the control unit are electrically connected, and the control unit is electrically connected to the carriage position sensor. The telescopic mechanism uses the telescopic mechanism to track the displacement of the front side plate or the rear side plate, so that the brush maintains relative static with the side plate plane in the radial direction for a period of time. During this period of relative static time, the brush group moves up and down to achieve the purpose of cleaning.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The cleaning machine includes a trolley that moves on the transverse horizontal slide rail through rollers. A fixed frame is provided on the trolley. A cleaning execution frame capable of moving up and down along the fixed frame is provided on the fixed frame. The cleaning execution frame is connected to the fixed frame through an up and down moving cylinder. The telescopic mechanism, each cleaning brush group, and its dust suction hood are provided on the cleaning execution frame.

3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The telescopic mechanism is a swing rod type telescopic mechanism, including: multiple swing rods with one end hinged to the cleaning execution frame and the other end provided with a brush. The middle of the swing rod is fixedly connected to one end of a rocker. The other end of the rocker is connected to a swing power cylinder.

4. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The telescopic mechanism is a translation type telescopic mechanism, including: a horizontal moving frame with multiple brushes. The horizontal moving frame is connected to a horizontal moving cylinder.

5. The device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that The up and down moving cylinder, the swing power cylinder, and the horizontal moving cylinder are one of a hydraulic cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder, and an electric cylinder.

6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The particle absorption unit is provided with a particle absorption unit steel structure frame. The particle absorption unit steel structure frame is sequentially provided with a cyclone dust collector, a particle storage hopper, and a particle conveyor from top to bottom.

7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The ash powder absorption unit is provided with an ash powder absorption unit steel structure frame. The ash powder absorption unit steel structure frame is sequentially provided with an ash filter dust collector, an ash powder storage hopper, and an ash powder conveyor from top to bottom.

8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that The cyclone dust collector, the particle storage hopper, the ash filter dust collector, and the ash powder storage hopper are respectively provided with a material metering sensor and a gate. Each of the material metering sensors, the gates, the particle conveyor, and the dust conveyor is electrically connected to the control unit.

9. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that A muffler is provided between the fan and the chimney.

10. An automatic cleaning and dust removal method for the inner wall of an open-top carriage using the device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The steps of the method are as follows: Step 1, Detect the initial state: Detect the initial state: The lifting slide rail is in the raised state, the sweeper is on the fixed slide rail, the cleaning execution frame is in the state of coinciding with the fixed frame, and the telescopic mechanism is in the retracted state; Step 2, Start the cleaning unit: When the carriage position sensor detects that the locomotive has passed the cleaning position, the horizontal slide rail drops to the horizontal position, the trolley travels above the carriage, the cleaning execution starts to descend, each cleaning brush roller starts to rotate, and at the same time the fan is started; Step 3, Clean the front side board of the carriage: The front cleaning brush roller group quickly enters the carriage with the cleaning execution frame and starts to clean the front side board of a carriage. At the same time, the telescopic mechanism starts to extend forward and backward, so that the front cleaning brush roller group follows the forward movement of the front side board of the carriage, and keeps the front cleaning brush roller group in contact with the front side board of the carriage for a cleaning period. After that, the front side board of the carriage separates from the front cleaning brush roller group, and the cleaning of the front side board is completed; Since the carriage is moving forward continuously, during the forward movement, the front cleaning brush roller group starts to clean the front side board while rotating when entering the carriage; To clean the front side board thoroughly, it is necessary to keep a cleaning distance between the cleaning brush roller group and the front side board. However, since the carriage is moving forward continuously, to maintain the cleaning distance, the brush roller group needs to follow the forward movement of the front side board in order to clean the front side board thoroughly; Therefore, the key to this step lies in the telescopic mechanism following the front side board and maintaining the cleaning distance to achieve the purpose of cleaning the front side board thoroughly; Step 4, Clean the two side boards and the bottom board of the carriage: The cleaning execution frame quickly descends, so that the two side cleaning brush roller groups and the bottom cleaning brush roller contact the bottom board of the carriage to form the cleaning of the two side boards and the bottom board of the carriage; Step 5, Clean the rear side board of the carriage: When the carriage position sensor monitors that the rear cleaning brush roller group on the extended rear cleaning contraction mechanism has reached the position where it can clean the rear side board, the telescopic mechanism starts to contract to follow the forward movement of the rear side board; when the contraction mechanism is about to reach the contraction end point, the cleaning execution frame is quickly raised to complete the cleaning of the rear side board, as well as the two sides and the bottom board of a carriage; Step 6, Judge whether it is the last carriage: The carriage position sensor judges whether it is the last carriage. If "yes", the cleaning ends; if "no", return to Steps 3 and 4; Step 7, Separate the residues: During the cleaning process while performing Steps 3, 4, and 5, the fan forms a strong suction at each dust suction hood, sucks the residual materials cleaned out into the pipeline, and respectively absorbs the particles and dust in the residual materials through the particle absorption unit and the dust absorption unit, and concentrates them into the particle accumulation hopper and the dust accumulation hopper to form marketable commodity materials; Step 8, Output the materials: The material metering sensors in the cyclone dust collector, the particle accumulation hopper, the ash filter dust collector, and the ash powder accumulation hopper monitor the fullness of the materials in the cyclone dust collector, the particle accumulation hopper, the ash filter dust collector, and the ash powder accumulation hopper, and notify the controller at any time to require the transportation of the particles or ash powder.

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