A 3D bronchoscopy training model

Abstract

A 3D bronchoscope training model belongs to the field of training model structure. Existing training models for bronchoscope-related operations have few functions and inaccurate model structures. The bronchial tree simulation component, the intermediate lymph node puncture structure simulation component, the mandibular simulation component and the fixed base of the present invention are all detachably arranged in a dark box; the mandibular simulation component is arranged on the inner bottom surface above the dark box, the fixed base is arranged on the inner bottom surface below the dark box, the intermediate lymph node puncture structure simulation component is detachably installed on the fixed base, the main trachea simulation component, the right lung trachea simulation component and the left lung trachea simulation component of the bronchial tree simulation component are arranged inside the intermediate lymph node puncture structure simulation component, and the other ends of the main trachea simulation component, the right lung trachea simulation component and the left lung trachea simulation component are located outside the intermediate lymph node puncture structure simulation component; the confluent end of the mandibular simulation component is connected to the main trachea model component. The present invention has a fine structure and is easy to install and disassemble.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a training model, a 3D bronchoscope training model. Background Art

[0002] Bronchoscopy is an essential technical means for the exploration of respiratory diseases. Due to the complex anatomical structure of the human bronchi, it is difficult for beginners to master bronchoscopic operation techniques in a short period of time, such as lymph node puncture biopsy (TBN endoscope hole), endoscopic foreign body removal, polypectomy, etc. Conventional training is mainly based on animal experiments. Due to restrictions on animal ethics and operability, the training effect is not good, and some functional training cannot meet the requirements. Conventional bronchial models have many problems in materials and structures, and cannot achieve the purpose of simulation, and the training effect is average. Therefore, it is difficult for many hospitals to carry out related technologies.

[0003] Bronchial exploration technology has high technical and experience requirements for the operating physician, especially endoscopic puncture, which requires long-term practical operation and technical accumulation. In addition to being familiar with the basic anatomical structure of the bronchial space, it is also necessary to perform technical operations in the gaps between the limited cartilage rings, while avoiding major blood vessels. Therefore, there are greater time and practice limitations for beginners in the learning process. A highly simulated multifunctional bronchial training model is urgently needed for clinical teaching. It can solve the problems of the existing training models for bronchoscopic related operations, such as few functions and inaccurate model structures. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems of the existing training models for bronchoscope-related operations having few functions and inaccurate model structures, and to propose a 3D bronchoscope training model.

[0005] A 3D bronchoscope training model, comprising: a dark box, a bronchial tree simulation component, an intermediate lymph node puncture structure simulation component, a mandibular simulation component, and a fixed base;

[0006] Bronchial tree simulation components, including main trachea simulation components, right lung trachea simulation components, and left lung trachea simulation components;

[0007] The middle lymph node puncture structure simulation component is used to place a group of lymph node sac simulation components inside, and the lymph node sac simulation components are filled with gel; at the same time, the middle lymph node puncture structure simulation component is respectively connected to the main trachea simulation component, the right lung trachea simulation component, and the left lung trachea simulation component;

[0008] A polyp ring cut hole is respectively arranged on the surface of the right lung trachea simulation component and the left lung trachea simulation component. Each polyp ring cut hole is connected to the box plate of the dark box through a tube body; the tube body is filled with a meat strip simulation component.

[0009] A foreign body storage slot is respectively provided at the end of the right lung trachea simulation component and the left lung trachea simulation component for placing soybeans;

[0010] The mandibular simulation component mainly includes a laryngeal simulation component and an air intake pipe simulation component; one end of the laryngeal simulation component and one end of the air intake pipe simulation component merge to form a merged end;

[0011] A fixed base, used for mounting a middle lymph node puncture structure simulation component;

[0012] A dark box is used to place the bronchial tree simulation component, the intermediate lymph node puncture structure simulation component, the mandibular simulation component and the fixed base, and is used to insert the training operation tool. The side panel connected to the mandibular simulation component is provided with an endoscope entry hole and an air inlet. The front panel is provided with an endoscope entry hole at the upper part, and a right lung trachea simulation component connection hole and a left lung trachea simulation component connection hole at the lower part. The setting position of the endoscope entry hole corresponds to the placement position of the laryngeal simulation component and the air inlet simulation component of the mandibular simulation component. The setting position of the right lung trachea simulation component connection hole and the left lung trachea simulation component connection hole respectively corresponds to the placement position of the right lung trachea simulation component and the left lung trachea simulation component. The right lung trachea simulation component connection hole and the left lung trachea simulation component connection hole are used to connect the tube body;

[0013] in,

[0014] The bronchial tree simulation component, the intermediate lymph node puncture structure simulation component, the mandibular simulation component and the fixed base are all detachably arranged in the dark box; the mandibular simulation component is arranged on the inner bottom surface above the dark box, the fixed base is arranged on the inner bottom surface below the dark box, the intermediate lymph node puncture structure simulation component is detachably installed on the fixed base, the main trachea simulation component, the right pulmonary trachea simulation component and the left pulmonary trachea simulation component of the bronchial tree simulation component are arranged inside the intermediate lymph node puncture structure simulation component, and the other ends of the main trachea simulation component, the right pulmonary trachea simulation component and the left pulmonary trachea simulation component are located outside the intermediate lymph node puncture structure simulation component;

[0015] The confluent end of the mandibular simulation part is connected to the main trachea model part.

[0016] Preferably, the intermediate lymph node puncture structure simulation component includes a groove, the bottom of the groove has a group of ventilation holes, and the side walls of the groove have a group of mounting holes, and the aperture sizes of the mounting holes are respectively adapted to the outer diameters of the main trachea simulation component, the right lung trachea simulation component, and the left lung trachea simulation component.

[0017] Preferably, the dark box comprises a slot body, an upper cover, a mounting slot for the mandibular simulation component, and two handles;

[0018] The mandibular simulation component installation groove is arranged on the inner bottom surface above the groove body;

[0019] The trough body and the upper cover are detachably arranged; a handle is arranged on two opposite sides of the trough body respectively;

[0020] A limit block is respectively arranged at the four corners of the inner side surface of the upper cover, and an interference fit is formed between the limit block and the groove body.

[0021] Preferably, the cross-sectional structures of the tube walls of the main trachea simulation component, the right lung trachea simulation component and the left lung trachea simulation component are respectively a silicone layer, a TPU main tube layer and a cartilage layer from inside to outside, and the outer surface of the cartilage layer is corrugated.

[0022] Preferably, the mandibular simulation component also includes a mandibular wrapping layer simulation component, a tooth simulation component, a tongue simulation component, an epiglottis simulation component and a glottis simulation component, and the cross-sectional structure of the mandibular wrapping layer simulation component includes an inner muscle simulation layer and an outer muscle simulation layer from inside to outside, the inner muscle simulation layer is a silicone coating, and the outer muscle simulation layer is a silicone body.

[0023] Preferably, a group of convex points are arranged on the inner surfaces of the TPU main body layer and the cartilage layer.

[0024] Preferably, a group of convex points are arranged on the inner surface of the outer muscle simulation layer.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0026] The structural design of the invention is fine and comprehensive, and can accurately simulate the human trachea, lungs, and lymphatic organs. The designed dark box can contain all the simulation components and can fix each simulation component. The dark box itself and the installation and disassembly methods of the simulation components contained in the dark box are very convenient, and the simulation operation is realized through various operation holes designed on the dark box.

[0027] The present invention is used to provide trainees with simulation training operation objects, and is suitable for simulation training of bronchoscopic operation techniques, such as lymph node puncture biopsy (TBN endoscope hole), endoscopic foreign body removal, polypectomy and the like, which helps to improve the trainees' operation technology level. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention when the upper cover is removed;

[0030] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure from other angles;

[0031] Figure 4Screenshot of 3D point cloud data designed for printing bronchial tree simulation components (including main trachea simulation components, right lung trachea simulation components, and left lung trachea simulation components) of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A partial enlarged view of

[0033] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the mandibular simulation component involved in the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the tube wall of the main trachea simulation component, the right lung trachea simulation component, and the left lung trachea simulation component according to the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the mandibular wrapping layer simulation component involved in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] A 3D bronchoscopy training model in this embodiment, such as Figure 1-8 As shown, it comprises: a dark box 1, a bronchial tree simulation component 2, an intermediate lymph node puncture structure simulation component 3, a mandibular simulation component 4, and a fixed base 5;

[0037] The bronchial tree simulation component 2 includes a main trachea simulation component 6, a right lung trachea simulation component 7, and a left lung trachea simulation component 8;

[0038] The middle lymph node puncture structure simulation component 3 is used to place a group of lymph node capsule simulation components 9 inside, and the lymph node capsule simulation component 9 is filled with gel; at the same time, the middle lymph node puncture structure simulation component 3 is respectively connected to the main trachea simulation component 6, the right lung trachea simulation component 7, and the left lung trachea simulation component 8;

[0039] A polyp ring incision hole is respectively arranged on the surface of the right lung trachea simulation component 7 and the left lung trachea simulation component 8, and each polyp ring incision hole is connected to the box plate of the dark box 1 through a tube body 10; the tube body 10 is filled with a meat strip simulation component (not shown in the figure) to simulate bronchial polyps.

[0040] A foreign body storage slot 11 (the foreign body storage slot 11 is not fully shown in the figure) is respectively provided at the end of the right lung trachea simulation component 7 and the left lung trachea simulation component 8, for placing soybeans to simulate the situation where foreign bodies are stuck at the end of the right lung trachea and the end of the left lung trachea;

[0041] The mandibular simulation component 4 mainly includes a laryngeal simulation component 12 and an air intake pipe simulation component 13; one end of the laryngeal simulation component 12 and one end of the air intake pipe simulation component 13 merge to form a merged end;

[0042] A fixed base 5, used for mounting the intermediate lymph node puncture structure simulation component 3;

[0043] A dark box 1 is used to place the bronchial tree simulation component, the intermediate lymph node puncture structure simulation component, the mandibular simulation component and the fixed base, and is used to insert the training operation tool. An endoscope entry hole 14 and an air inlet 15 are set on the side panel connected to the mandibular simulation component 4. An endoscope entry hole 16 is set on the upper part of the front panel, and a right lung trachea simulation component connection hole 17 and a left lung trachea simulation component connection hole 18 are set on the lower part. The setting position of the endoscope entry hole 16 corresponds to the placement position of the laryngeal simulation component 12 and the air inlet simulation component 13 of the mandibular simulation component 4. The setting positions of the right lung trachea simulation component connection hole 17 and the left lung trachea simulation component connection hole 18 correspond to the placement positions of the right lung trachea simulation component 7 and the left lung trachea simulation component 8, respectively. The right lung trachea simulation component connection hole 17 and the left lung trachea simulation component connection hole 18 are used to connect the tube body 10;

[0044] in,

[0045] The bronchial tree simulation component 2, the middle lymph node puncture structure simulation component 3, the mandibular simulation component 4 and the fixed base 5 are all detachably arranged in the dark box 1; the mandibular simulation component 4 is arranged on the inner bottom surface above the dark box 1, the fixed base 5 is arranged on the inner bottom surface below the dark box 1, the middle lymph node puncture structure simulation component 3 is detachably mounted on the fixed base 5, the main trachea simulation component 6, the right lung trachea simulation component 7, and the left lung trachea simulation component 8 of the bronchial tree simulation component 2 are arranged inside the middle lymph node puncture structure simulation component 3, and the other ends of the main trachea simulation component 6, the right lung trachea simulation component 7, and the left lung trachea simulation component 8 are located outside the middle lymph node puncture structure simulation component 3; the manufacturing material of the middle lymph node puncture structure simulation component 3 is silicone;

[0046] The confluent end of the mandibular simulation component 4 is connected to the main trachea model component of the bronchial tree simulation component 2 (the connection end of the main trachea model part is one end of the leakage intermediate lymph node puncture structure simulation component 3). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] Different from the first embodiment, the present embodiment is a 3D bronchoscopy training model, such as Figure 1-8 As shown, the intermediate lymph node puncture structure simulation component 3 includes a groove, the bottom of the groove has a group of ventilation holes, and the side groove wall of the groove has a group of mounting holes, and the aperture sizes of the mounting holes are respectively adapted to the outer diameters of the main trachea simulation component 6, the right lung trachea simulation component 7, and the left lung trachea simulation component 8. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] Different from the first or second specific implementation, the present implementation is a 3D bronchoscopy training model, such as Figure 1-8 As shown, the dark box 1 comprises a slot body 20, an upper cover 21, a mandibular simulation component mounting slot 22, and two handles 23;

[0051] The mandibular simulation component mounting groove 22 is arranged on the inner bottom surface above the groove body 20;

[0052] The tank body 20 and the upper cover 21 are detachably arranged to facilitate replacement of various simulation components such as the tracheal tree simulation part, the intermediate lymph node puncture structure simulation component 3, and the fixed base 5; a handle 23 is respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the tank body 20;

[0053] A limit block is respectively set at the four corners of the inner side of the upper cover 21, and an interference fit is formed between the limit block and the tank body 20. The upper cover 21 can be easily separated from the tank body 20 without other structural parts such as locks. The operation is simple, with fewer parts and easy maintenance. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] Different from the third specific implementation, the present implementation has a 3D bronchoscopy training model, such as Figure 1-8 As shown, the cross-sectional structures of the tube walls of the main trachea simulation component 6, the right lung trachea simulation component 7, and the left lung trachea simulation component 8 are respectively a silicone layer 24, a TPU main body layer 25, and a cartilage layer 26 from inside to outside, and the outer surface of the cartilage layer 26 is corrugated. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] Different from the first, second or fourth specific embodiments, the present embodiment is a 3D bronchoscopy training model, such as Figure 1-8 As shown, the mandibular simulation component 4 also includes a mandibular wrapping layer simulation component (not shown in the figure), a tooth simulation component (not shown in the figure), a tongue simulation component (not shown in the figure), an epiglottis simulation component (not shown in the figure) and a glottis simulation component (not shown in the figure). The cross-sectional structure of the mandibular wrapping layer simulation component includes an inner muscle simulation layer 27 and an outer muscle simulation layer 28 from the inside to the outside. The inner muscle simulation layer 27 is a silicone coating, and the outer muscle simulation layer 28 is a silicone body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] Different from the fifth embodiment, the present embodiment is a 3D bronchoscopy training model, such as Figure 1-8As shown, a group of protrusions 29 are provided on the inner surfaces of the TPU main body layer 25 and the cartilage layer 26. In the figure, the protrusions 29 are only shown on the inner surface of the cartilage layer 26. The protrusions 29 are used to increase the friction between the two different materials, the silicone layer 24 and the TPU main body layer 25, to maintain the integrity between the silicone layer 24 and the TPU main body layer 25, so that the silicone layer 24 and the TPU main body layer 25 will not move relative to each other due to training operations. Similarly, the protrusions 29 are used to increase the friction between the two different materials, the TPU main body layer 25 and the cartilage layer 26, to maintain the integrity between the TPU main body layer 25 and the cartilage layer 26, so that the TPU main body layer 25 and the cartilage layer 26 will not move relative to each other due to the force generated by training operations.

[0060] Among them, the friction between the silicone layer 24 and the TPU main body layer 25, and the friction between the TPU main body layer 25 and the cartilage layer 26, can not only be reflected in the training process, but also play a role in the production process. No matter what 3D printing method is used, the principle is to form layer by layer. Therefore, when the main trachea simulation component 6, the right lung trachea simulation component 7, and the left lung trachea simulation component 8 are made by 3D printing, when two different materials are bonded together, even the printing of a single material is affected by the printing layer height, the interlayer bonding area, and the interlayer bonding strength. The smaller the printing layer height, the larger the interlayer bonding area, and the greater the interlayer bonding strength, the more favorable the bonding conditions are. Therefore, when two adjacent materials are printed in sequence to form an inner and outer layer structure, if the surface of the first printed material provides a stronger bonding condition for the later printed material, the bonding strength between the two materials is better, the two materials are easier to bond together, and the integrity is stronger. Based on this, a group of protrusions 29 are provided on the surfaces of the silicone layer 24 and the TPU main body layer 25 of the present invention, so the protrusions 29 on the outer wall of the material printed first can provide favorable bonding conditions for the material printed later. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] Different from the first embodiment, the present embodiment is a 3D bronchoscopy training model, such as Figure 1-8 As shown, a group of protrusions 29 are provided on the inner surface of the outer muscle simulation layer 28, as in the 3D printing principle described above, so that it has greater adhesion during the printing process, and during the use process after the production is completed, the protrusions 29 are used to increase the friction between the two different materials of the inner muscle simulation layer 27 and the outer muscle simulation layer 28, so as to maintain the integrity between the inner muscle simulation layer 27 and the outer muscle simulation layer 28, so that the inner muscle simulation layer 27 and the outer muscle simulation layer 28 will not move relative to each other due to the force generated by the training operation.

[0063] The colors of the inner muscle simulation layer 27 and the outer silicone muscle simulation layer are set to skin color, and the color of the outer silicone muscle simulation layer is set to dark red, so that the training device is more realistic.

[0064] Working principle:

[0065] The working principle of the 3D bronchoscope training model of the present invention is mainly the assembly and training process. Specifically:

[0066] 1. Use gel as lymph node simulation material to fill the lymph node sac simulation component 9 in the groove of the middle lymph node puncture structure simulation component 3, place soybeans in the foreign body storage groove 11 at the end of the right lung trachea simulation component 7 and the left lung trachea simulation component 8, assemble the middle lymph node puncture structure simulation component 3 with the three bronchial simulation components of the main trachea simulation component 6, the right lung trachea simulation component 7, and the left lung trachea simulation component 8, and install them together on a fixed base, and install the fixed base in the positioning hole of the dark box.

[0067] 2. Place the mandibular simulation component 4 in the mandibular simulation component mounting groove 22 of the dark box 1 and connect it to the main trachea simulation component 6.

[0068] 3. Place the upper cover 21 of the dark box 1, and an interference fit is formed between the limit block and the slot body 20. The dark box 1 is assembled, and the upper cover 21 and the slot body 20 can also be fixed by Velcro.

[0069] 4. Use a stainless steel tube body 10 of a set length to connect the right lung trachea simulation component 7 and the left lung trachea simulation component 8 and the corresponding right lung trachea simulation component connecting hole 17 and the left lung trachea simulation component connecting hole 18 on the upper cover 21, and fill the tube body 10 with a thin meat strip simulation component.

[0070] 5. Trainees use the assembled 3D bronchoscope training model to perform training operations.

[0071] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A 3D bronchoscopy training model, characterized in that: Its components include: a dark box, a bronchial tree simulation component, an intermediate lymph node puncture structure simulation component, a mandibular simulation component, and a fixed base; Bronchial tree simulation components, including main trachea simulation components, right lung trachea simulation components, and left lung trachea simulation components; The middle lymph node puncture structure simulation component is used to place a group of lymph node sac simulation components inside, and the lymph node sac simulation components are filled with gel; at the same time, the middle lymph node puncture structure simulation component is respectively connected to the main trachea simulation component, the right lung trachea simulation component, and the left lung trachea simulation component; A polyp ring cut hole is respectively arranged on the surface of the right lung trachea simulation component and the left lung trachea simulation component, and each polyp ring cut hole is connected to the box plate of the dark box through a tube body; the tube body is filled with a meat strip simulation component; A foreign body storage slot is respectively provided at the end of the right lung trachea simulation component and the left lung trachea simulation component for placing soybeans; The mandibular simulation component mainly includes a laryngeal simulation component and an air intake pipe simulation component; one end of the laryngeal simulation component and one end of the air intake pipe simulation component merge to form a merged end; A fixed base, used for mounting a middle lymph node puncture structure simulation component; A dark box is used to place the bronchial tree simulation component, the intermediate lymph node puncture structure simulation component, the mandibular simulation component and the fixed base, and is used to insert the training operation tool. An endoscope entry hole and an air inlet are set on the side panel connected to the mandibular simulation component, an endoscope entry hole is set on the upper part of the front panel, and a right lung trachea simulation component connection hole and a left lung trachea simulation component connection hole are set on the lower part. The setting position of the endoscope entry hole corresponds to the placement position of the laryngeal simulation component and the air inlet simulation component of the mandibular simulation component, and the setting position of the right lung trachea simulation component connection hole and the left lung trachea simulation component connection hole respectively corresponds to the placement position of the right lung trachea simulation component and the left lung trachea simulation component. The right lung trachea simulation component connection hole and the left lung trachea simulation component connection hole are used to connect the tube body; in, The bronchial tree simulation component, the intermediate lymph node puncture structure simulation component, the mandibular simulation component and the fixed base are all detachably arranged in the dark box; the mandibular simulation component is arranged on the inner bottom surface above the dark box, the fixed base is arranged on the inner bottom surface below the dark box, the intermediate lymph node puncture structure simulation component is detachably installed on the fixed base, the main trachea simulation component, the right pulmonary trachea simulation component and the left pulmonary trachea simulation component of the bronchial tree simulation component are arranged inside the intermediate lymph node puncture structure simulation component, and the other ends of the main trachea simulation component, the right pulmonary trachea simulation component and the left pulmonary trachea simulation component are located outside the intermediate lymph node puncture structure simulation component; The confluent end of the mandibular simulation part is connected to the main trachea model part.

2. A 3D bronchoscopy training model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intermediate lymph node puncture structure simulation component includes a groove, the bottom of the groove has a group of ventilation holes, and the side groove wall of the groove has a group of mounting holes. The aperture sizes of the mounting holes are respectively adapted to the outer diameters of the main trachea simulation component, the right lung trachea simulation component, and the left lung trachea simulation component.

3. A 3D bronchoscope training model according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The dark box comprises a slot body, an upper cover, a mounting slot for the mandibular simulation component, and two handles; The mandibular simulation component installation groove is arranged on the inner bottom surface above the groove body; The trough body and the upper cover are detachably arranged; a handle is arranged on two opposite sides of the trough body respectively; A limit block is respectively arranged at the four corners of the inner side surface of the upper cover, and an interference fit is formed between the limit block and the groove body.

4. A 3D bronchoscope training model according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cross-sectional structures of the tube walls of the main trachea simulation component, the right lung trachea simulation component, and the left lung trachea simulation component are respectively a silicone layer, a TPU main tube layer, and a cartilage layer from inside to outside, and the outer surface of the cartilage layer is corrugated.

5. A 3D bronchoscopy training model according to claim 1, 2 or 4, characterized in that: The mandibular simulation component also includes a mandibular wrapping layer simulation component, a tooth simulation component, a tongue simulation component, an epiglottis simulation component and a glottis simulation component. The cross-sectional structure of the mandibular wrapping layer simulation component includes an inner muscle simulation layer and an outer muscle simulation layer from inside to outside. The inner muscle simulation layer is a silicone coating, and the outer muscle simulation layer is a silicone body.

6. A 3D bronchoscope training model according to claim 4, characterized in that: A group of convex points are arranged on the inner surfaces of the TPU main body layer and the cartilage layer.

7. A 3D bronchoscope training model according to claim 5, characterized in that: A group of convex points are arranged on the inner surface of the outer muscle simulation layer.

Images