Thermal catalytic water decomposition reactor, thermal catalytic water decomposition hydrogen production system and method
By using plasmon thermal catalyst in the thermal catalytic water decomposition reactor and using low-temperature waste heat steam for catalytic water decomposition, the problems of air pollution and complex processes in the existing technology are solved, and efficient and environmentally friendly hydrogen production is achieved. Massive hydrogen production.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202110860475.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2021-07-28
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-20
- Estimated Expiration
- 2041-07-28
AI Technical Summary
The existing hydrogen production methods have complex atmospheric pollutant emissions and production processes, and the equipment covers a large area, which is not suitable for large-scale production applications.
Thermal catalytic water decomposition reactor is adopted, which includes a reaction tube, a temperature regulation device and a pressure monitoring device. It is equipped with a catalytic layer of plasmon thermal catalyst. The catalytic water decomposition is carried out through low-temperature waste heat steam to generate hydrogen and oxygen, and plasma is used. The excitation effect reduces reaction temperature, simplifies process flow and reduces carbon emissions.
Effectively reduce energy consumption for hydrogen production, simplify the composition and process of hydrogen production system, reduce carbon emissions, and reduce production costs. It is suitable for large-scale hydrogen production, and meets the requirements of circular economy and carbon neutrality.
Smart Images
Figure CN113648938B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen production, and in particular to a thermal catalytic water decomposition reactor, a thermal catalytic water decomposition hydrogen production system and a method. Background Art
[0002] Hydrogen energy can flexibly couple multiple energy sources such as electricity, heat, and fuel, and has multiple advantages such as wide sources, high calorific value, storability, and renewability. It is known as the "ultimate energy" of the future. In the context of global carbon neutrality, hydrogen energy will play an important role.
[0003] At present, the main methods of hydrogen production include hydrogen production from fossil fuels such as coal and natural gas, hydrogen production from water electrolysis, and hydrogen production from biomass gasification. Among them, fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas are the main raw materials for hydrogen production in China and abroad. Under high temperature and normal pressure, fossil fuels undergo incomplete oxidation or cracking and reforming with water vapor, oxygen, etc. to generate a mixed gas with a high hydrogen content, which is then further purified to remove impurity gases to obtain hydrogen products. However, fossil fuels are mainly composed of carbon and hydrogen, and are usually accompanied by elements such as sulfur and nitrogen. While obtaining hydrogen products, fossil fuel hydrogen production will produce a large amount of carbon dioxide, sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, dust, etc., which will cause serious air pollution problems. Hydrogen production from water electrolysis is the second largest hydrogen production technology after hydrogen production from fossil fuels. About 3% to 4% of the world's hydrogen production comes from water electrolysis technology. The principle of hydrogen production from water electrolysis is to use electrical energy as the driving force. The anode in the electrolytic cell undergoes an oxidation reaction to oxidize water to produce oxygen, and the cathode undergoes a reduction reaction to reduce water to hydrogen. The energy source for hydrogen production by water electrolysis is valley electricity from the power grid, which is still mainly dependent on electricity generated by fossil fuels, and still cannot solve the emission problems of pollutants such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and sulfur oxides. Biomass gasification hydrogen production is to press firewood, wheat straw, rice straw and other biomass raw materials into shapes, and then perform vaporization or cracking reactions in a vaporizer or cracking furnace to produce hydrogen-containing fuel gas, which is then purified to obtain hydrogen products. The raw materials for hydrogen production from biomass are complex, and the generated mixed gas products have many impurities, resulting in a complex production process. In addition, the equipment occupies a large area and is not suitable for large-scale production applications. Summary of the invention
[0004] In view of the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a thermal catalytic water decomposition reactor, a thermal catalytic water decomposition hydrogen production system and method, so as to solve the problems of atmospheric pollutant emissions existing in the existing hydrogen production methods, as well as the complex production process, large equipment footprint, and unsuitability for large-scale production applications.
[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
[0006] The first aspect of the present invention is to provide a thermal catalytic water decomposition reactor, comprising a reaction tube, a temperature regulating device and a pressure monitoring device, wherein one end of the reaction tube is an air inlet end, and the other end of the reaction tube is an air outlet end, the air inlet end and the air outlet end are both sealed, the pressure monitoring device is arranged at the air inlet end, and the temperature regulating device is arranged on the outer periphery of the tube body of the reaction tube, a catalytic layer is arranged inside the tube body of the reaction tube, and a plasmon thermal catalyst is loaded in the catalytic layer, and diffuser layers and airflow buffer layers are arranged in sequence on both sides of the catalytic layer along the axial direction of the reaction tube, and the airflow entering the air inlet end flows through the airflow buffer layer and the diffuser layer on one side, the catalytic layer, the diffuser layer and the airflow buffer layer on the other side in sequence, and flows out through the air outlet end.
[0007] Preferably, the thermal catalytic water decomposition reactor further comprises a shell, the tube body of the reaction tube and the temperature regulating device are both arranged in the shell, and the air inlet end and the air outlet end both extend to the outside of the shell.
[0008] Preferably, the thermal catalytic water splitting reactor further comprises a fireproof layer, the fireproof layer is arranged in the shell, and the fireproof layer is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the temperature regulating device.
[0009] Preferably, the temperature regulating device comprises a plurality of heating resistance wires, the heating resistance wires are arranged on the outer peripheral side of the tube body of the reaction tube, and the plurality of heating resistance wires are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the reaction tube.
[0010] Preferably, the diffuser layer is filled with quartz sand, and the airflow buffer layer is filled with quartz wool.
[0011] Preferably, the catalytic layer, the diffuser layer and the airflow buffer layer are all arranged in the middle of the reaction tube.
[0012] Preferably, the air inlet end and the air outlet end are each provided with a three-way valve.
[0013] The second aspect of the present invention is to provide a thermal catalytic water decomposition hydrogen production system, comprising a steam supply device, a hydrogen production reactor, a heat exchanger, a gas-liquid separation device and a gas separation device connected in sequence, wherein the steam supply device is used to provide hot steam, the hydrogen production reactor is the thermal catalytic water decomposition reactor as described above, which is used to catalytically dissociate the hot steam to generate a mixed gas of hydrogen, oxygen and water vapor, the heat exchanger is used to cool the mixed gas to liquefy the water vapor into liquid water, the gas-liquid separation device is used to separate the liquid water from hydrogen and oxygen, and the gas separation device is used to separate hydrogen and oxygen.
[0014] Preferably, the gas-liquid separation device is also connected to the steam supply device.
[0015] The third aspect of the present invention is to provide a method for producing hydrogen by the thermal catalytic water decomposition hydrogen production system as described above, comprising the following steps:
[0016] Step S1, using a steam supply device to provide hot steam;
[0017] Step S2, adding the hot steam generated by the steam supply device into the thermal catalytic water decomposition reactor, the hot steam dissociates water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen under the catalytic action of the plasmon thermal catalyst, and the mixed gas of hydrogen, oxygen and water vapor flows out of the thermal catalytic water decomposition reactor;
[0018] Step S3, the mixed gas flowing out of the thermal catalytic water decomposition reactor enters a heat exchanger for cooling, and the water vapor is liquefied into liquid water after cooling;
[0019] Step S4, the mixture of liquid water, hydrogen and oxygen enters a gas-liquid separation device, and the gas-liquid separation device separates the mixed gas of liquid water, hydrogen and oxygen respectively;
[0020] In step S5, the mixed gas of hydrogen and oxygen enters a gas separation device, and is separated into hydrogen and oxygen respectively by the gas separation device.
[0021] Compared with the prior art, the thermal catalytic water decomposition reactor, the thermal catalytic water decomposition hydrogen production system and the method according to the embodiment of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:
[0022] The thermal catalytic water decomposition reactor of the embodiment of the present invention is provided with a catalytic layer loaded with a plasmon thermal catalyst in the reaction tube, so that water molecules are catalytically decomposed into hydrogen and oxygen, thereby facilitating the acquisition of hydrogen products. The plasmon thermal catalyst produces a plasmon effect in the reaction tube. The plasmon effect can enhance the reaction process of thermal catalysis, effectively reduce the temperature required for thermal catalytic water decomposition, and thus greatly reduce the energy consumption of hydrogen production. Since the plasmon effect can reduce the temperature required for water decomposition, the low-temperature waste heat steam generated by power plants, chemical plants, refineries, etc. can be directly used as a raw material and energy source during hydrogen production, thereby reducing production costs, and the reaction process does not generate carbon emissions, avoiding environmental pollution problems, which is in line with the development trend of the circular economy and the development requirements of carbon neutrality, and brings positive and beneficial effects to energy conservation, emission reduction and mitigation of the energy crisis.
[0023] Furthermore, the reactor of the present invention utilizes water decomposition to produce hydrogen, and the raw material composition is simple, thereby simplifying the composition of the hydrogen production system, simplifying the hydrogen production process, reducing the floor space occupied by the device, and can be used for large-scale hydrogen production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0024] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal catalytic water splitting reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0025] Figure 2 is a structural block diagram of a thermal catalytic water decomposition hydrogen production system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0026] Figure 3 is a schematic flow chart of the method for producing hydrogen by thermal catalytic water decomposition according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0027] In the figure, 1, reaction tube; 11, catalyst layer; 12, diffuser layer; 13, airflow buffer layer; 2, pressure gauge; 3, heating resistance wire; 4, shell; 5, fireproof layer; 6, steel flange; 7, three-way valve;
[0028] 100. Steam supply device; 200. Hydrogen production reactor; 300. Heat exchanger; 400. Gas-liquid separation device; 500. Gas separation device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0029] The specific implementation of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
[0030] It should be noted that, in the present invention, the plasmon effect refers to a phenomenon in which high-energy hot electrons are excited by thermal irradiation light waves and the local energy field is enhanced. It has ultra-high energy utilization efficiency, can activate the chemical bonds in water molecules, and promote the breaking of hydrogen-oxygen bonds.
[0031] like Figure 1As shown, a thermal catalytic water decomposition reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises a reaction tube 1, a temperature regulating device and a pressure monitoring device, wherein the reaction tube 1 is used as a reaction vessel for water decomposition, the interior of the reaction tube 1 is hollow, and a reaction space is provided for the catalytic reaction, the reaction tube 1 is preferably a quartz tube, one end of the reaction tube 1 is an air inlet end, and the other end of the reaction tube 1 is an air outlet end, the air inlet end and the air outlet end are both sealed to provide a sealed reaction space in the reaction tube 1, in this embodiment, the reaction tube 1 is arranged up and down, the air inlet end is located at the bottom, and the air outlet end is located at the top; the pressure monitoring device is The pressure monitoring device can be a pressure gauge 2. The temperature regulating device is arranged at the outer periphery of the reaction tube 1 to regulate the temperature inside the reaction tube 1 and provide the required reaction temperature for the water decomposition reaction. The reaction tube 1 is provided with a catalytic layer 11 inside the tube body. The inside of the tube body refers to the internal space of the reaction tube 1. The catalytic layer 11 is loaded with a plasmon thermal catalyst. During the reaction, water molecules are decomposed into hydrogen and oxygen under the catalytic action of the thermal catalyst. The plasmon effect generated by the catalyst can reduce the temperature required for water decomposition. temperature, on the one hand, can reduce the energy consumption of hydrogen production, on the other hand, water does not need to be pyrolyzed at high temperature, so that low-temperature waste heat steam can be directly used as hydrogen production raw material, reducing production costs and simplifying the production process; In this embodiment, the plasmon thermal catalyst is composed of Au-Co-Mn alloy nanoparticles and titanium oxide particles, wherein the particle size of the Au-Co-Mn alloy nanoparticles is 50 nanometers to 300 nanometers, the particle size of the titanium oxide particles is 1 to 5 micrometers, and the weight ratio of the Au-Co-Mn alloy nanoparticles to the catalyst is 0.2 to 10%; Both sides of the catalytic layer 11 are along the reverse The axial direction of the pipe 1 is provided with a diffuser 12 and an airflow buffer layer 13 in sequence. The diffuser 12 is used to disperse the heat of the reaction so that the hot catalyst is heated evenly. Preferably, the diffuser 12 is filled with quartz sand. The airflow buffer layer 13 is used to buffer the airflow and reduce the impact of the airflow on the catalytic layer 11. Preferably, the airflow buffer layer 13 is filled with quartz wool. The airflow entering the air inlet flows through the airflow buffer layer 13 and the diffuser 12 on one side, the catalytic layer 11, the diffuser 12 and the airflow buffer layer 13 on the other side in sequence, and flows out through the air outlet. The airflow entering the air inlet is low-temperature waste heat steam, which can be waste heat steam generated by power plants, steel plants, cement plants, chemical plants, etc. The airflow flowing out of the air outlet is a mixed gas of water vapor, hydrogen and oxygen. The reactor only uses hot steam as the reaction raw material and energy source, which reduces production costs. The reaction temperature can be as low as 200°C to 300°C, which improves energy efficiency. The reaction process does not produce carbon dioxide and other gases that are toxic and harmful to the environment, thus saving energy and reducing emissions, and being clean and environmentally friendly.
[0032] In this embodiment, the air inlet and outlet are both sealed with steel flanges 6, and each steel flange 6 is provided with a high-temperature resistant rubber ring to meet the sealing requirement of a pressure less than 3 MPa.
[0033] In this embodiment, the inlet end and the outlet end are each provided with a three-way valve 7, and the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe can be connected through the three-way valve 7. The inlet pipe is used to facilitate the low-temperature waste heat steam to enter the reaction tube 1, and the outlet pipe is used to facilitate the mixed gas of water vapor, hydrogen and oxygen to flow out for further separation. Since hydrogen is a flammable gas, the three-way valve 7 is provided to facilitate the filling of inert gas, such as nitrogen, into the interior of the reaction tube 1, and also facilitate the vacuum treatment of the interior of the reaction tube 1.
[0034] In the present embodiment, the catalytic layer 11, the diffuser layer 12 and the airflow buffer layer 13 are all arranged in the middle of the reaction tube 1, so that a certain amount of gas storage space is reserved at both ends of the reaction tube 1, which facilitates a more thorough water decomposition reaction. The catalytic layer 11, the diffuser layer 12 and the airflow buffer layer 13 are all coaxially arranged with the reaction tube 1. Furthermore, the catalytic layer 11, the diffuser layer 12 and the airflow buffer layer 13 are all cylindrical, and the diameter of the cylinder is the same as the inner diameter of the reaction tube 1, so that the catalytic layer 11, the diffuser layer 12 and the airflow buffer layer 13 are all radially filled in the reaction tube 1 to prevent the airflow from flowing out of the gap between the catalytic layer 11 and the inner wall of the reaction tube 1. In the present embodiment, a diffuser layer 12 is provided on each of the two surfaces of the catalytic layer 11 that are not in contact with the inner wall of the reaction tube 1, for example Figure 1 The upper and lower surfaces of the catalyst layer 11 are shown in FIG. 1 ; each diffuser layer 12 is provided with an airflow buffer layer 13 on the surface not in contact with the catalyst layer 11, for example Figure 1 The upper surface of the diffuser layer 12 above and the lower surface of the diffuser layer 12 below are shown in FIG. There is no gap between the catalytic layer 11 and the diffuser layer 12, and between the diffuser layer 12 and the airflow buffer layer 13, so as to give full play to the heat dissipation effect of the diffuser layer 12 and the airflow buffer layer 13. In this embodiment, the thickness of the catalytic layer 11 and the airflow buffer layer 13 is greater than the thickness of the diffuser layer 12.
[0035] In this embodiment, the temperature regulating device includes a plurality of heating resistance wires 3, which are arranged on the outer peripheral side of the tube body of the reaction tube 1, and the plurality of heating resistance wires 3 are evenly arranged along the axial direction of the reaction tube 1. The temperature inside the reaction tube 1 is regulated by the heating resistance wires 3, and the temperature inside the reaction tube 1 can be regulated between room temperature and 400°C, so that the water vapor is catalytically decomposed at a suitable temperature. It should be noted that the plurality of heating resistance wires 3 are connected to a current regulating device, and the current regulating device regulates the current flowing through the heating resistance wires 3 to achieve temperature regulation of the heating resistance wires 3. The regulation of the heating resistance wires 3 by the current regulating device is a prior art, and the present invention will not be described in detail.
[0036] In this embodiment, the thermal catalytic water splitting reactor further includes a steel shell 4, the tube body of the reaction tube 1 and the temperature regulating device are both arranged in the shell 4, and the gas inlet end and the gas outlet end are both extended to the outside of the shell 4, so as to use the shell 4 to provide support for the reaction tube 1. Further, the shell 4 is coaxially arranged with the reaction tube 1.
[0037] It should be noted that the contact point between the reaction tube 1 and the housing 4 is sealed.
[0038] Further, in this embodiment, the thermal catalytic water splitting reactor further comprises a fireproof layer 5, the fireproof layer 5 is arranged in the housing 4, and the fireproof layer 5 is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the temperature regulating device. The fireproof layer 5 is used to provide protection for the reaction tube 1. The fireproof layer 5 is preferably arranged coaxially with the reaction tube 1, and the fireproof layer 5 is in a circular ring shape. When the temperature regulating device is a heating resistance wire 3, the heating resistance wire 3 is arranged in the annular space formed by the fireproof layer 5 and the outer wall of the reaction tube 1, and is evenly arranged in the annular space along the axial direction of the reaction tube 1.
[0039] like Figure 2As shown, a thermal catalytic water decomposition hydrogen production system according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises a steam supply device 100, a hydrogen production reactor 200, a heat exchanger 300, a gas-liquid separation device 400 and a gas separation device 500 connected in sequence, wherein the steam supply device 100 is used to provide hot steam, and the hydrogen production reactor 200 is the thermal catalytic water decomposition reactor as described above, which is used to catalytically dissociate the hot steam to generate a mixed gas of hydrogen, oxygen and water vapor; before hydrogen production, a plasmon thermal catalyst is pre-loaded in the reaction tube 1 of the thermal catalytic water decomposition reactor, and the sealing of the reaction tube 1 is detected; the heat exchanger 300 is used to cool the mixed gas to liquefy the water vapor into liquid water, the gas-liquid separation device 400 is used to separate the liquid water from hydrogen and oxygen, and separate the mixed gas of liquid water, hydrogen and oxygen respectively; the gas separation device 500 is used to separate the mixed gas of hydrogen and oxygen, and separate the hydrogen and oxygen respectively.
[0040] It should be noted that in order to meet the sealing requirements of the entire hydrogen production reaction system, the connections between various parts are made using stainless steel gas lines.
[0041] In this embodiment, the steam supply device 100 can be either a steam generator or a steam storage device. When the hydrogen production raw material is pure water, the steam supply device 100 can be a steam generator, which converts pure water into hot steam for use in the hydrogen production reactor 200; when the hydrogen production raw material is low-temperature waste heat steam, the steam supply device 100 can be a steam storage device, which can pre-store low-temperature waste heat steam generated by power plants, chemical plants, refineries, etc., for use in the hydrogen production reactor 200.
[0042] Furthermore, preferably, the gas-liquid separation device 400 is also connected to the steam supply device 100 to transport the water vapor separated by the gas-liquid separation device 400 to the steam supply device 100 to achieve recycling of the water vapor.
[0043] In this embodiment, the gas-liquid separation device 400 may be an existing gas-liquid separator, and the gas separation device 500 may be a pressure swing adsorption device or a cryogenic separator.
[0044] It should be noted that other specific embodiments of the thermal catalytic water decomposition hydrogen production system of the present invention are substantially the same as the specific embodiments of the thermal catalytic water decomposition reactor described above, and will not be described in detail herein.
[0045] like Figure 3 As shown, a hydrogen production method of the thermal catalytic water decomposition hydrogen production system as described above in an embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps:
[0046] Step S1, using the steam supply device 100 to provide hot steam;
[0047] Step S2, adding the hot steam generated by the steam supply device 100 into the thermal catalytic water decomposition reactor, the hot steam dissociates water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen under the catalytic action of the plasmon thermal catalyst, and the mixed gas of hydrogen, oxygen and water vapor flows out of the thermal catalytic water decomposition reactor, and the mixed gas is a high-temperature mixed gas;
[0048] Step S3, the mixed gas flowing out of the thermal catalytic water decomposition reactor enters the heat exchanger 300 for cooling, and the water vapor is liquefied into liquid water after cooling;
[0049] Step S4, the mixture of liquid water, hydrogen and oxygen enters the gas-liquid separation device 400, and the gas-liquid separation device 400 separates the mixed gas of liquid water, hydrogen and oxygen;
[0050] In step S5, the mixed gas of hydrogen and oxygen enters the gas separation device 500, and is separated into hydrogen and oxygen respectively by the gas separation device 500.
[0051] It should be noted that in step S2, the catalytic decomposition reaction of the hot steam is carried out at a set temperature and pressure, that is, the hot steam entering the thermal catalytic water decomposition reactor and contacting the hot catalyst is hot steam under set reaction conditions, and the set reaction conditions include a set temperature and a set pressure.
[0052] The present invention uses a plasmon thermal catalyst to catalyze the water decomposition reaction, which can effectively reduce the temperature required for thermal catalytic water decomposition and reduce the energy consumption of hydrogen production. In addition, the present invention uses pure water or low-temperature waste heat steam as a hydrogen production raw material, which can avoid the emission of pollutants and make the hydrogen production process clean, efficient and economical.
[0053] In this embodiment, in step S1, the steam supply device 100 can be either a steam generator or a steam storage device. When the hydrogen production raw material is pure water, the steam supply device 100 can be a steam generator, which converts pure water into hot steam for use in the hydrogen production reactor 200; when the hydrogen production raw material is low-temperature waste heat steam, the steam supply device 100 can be a steam storage device, which can pre-store low-temperature waste heat steam generated by power plants, chemical plants, refineries, etc., for use in the hydrogen production reactor 200.
[0054] In this embodiment, before step S2, the hot steam generated by the steam supply device 100 is also used to flush the pipelines in the hydrogen production system. After the flushing set time, the temperature and pressure of the hot steam are slowly increased to the set parameters to prepare for hydrogen production, wherein the temperature is 200°C to 300°C and the pressure is 0 to 1MPa.
[0055] In this embodiment, step S4 further includes delivering the liquid water to the steam supply device 100 to achieve recycling of the liquid water.
[0056] It should be noted that other specific embodiments of the hydrogen production method of the thermal catalytic water decomposition hydrogen production system of the present invention are roughly the same as the specific embodiments of the thermal catalytic water decomposition hydrogen production system mentioned above, and will not be repeated here.
[0057] In summary, the embodiment of the present invention provides a thermal catalytic water decomposition reactor, a thermal catalytic water decomposition hydrogen production system and method, which is provided with a catalytic layer 11 loaded with a plasmon thermal catalyst in the reaction tube 1, so that water molecules are catalytically decomposed into hydrogen and oxygen, thereby facilitating the acquisition of hydrogen products. The plasmon thermal catalyst produces a plasmon effect in the reaction tube 1, and the plasmon effect can be used to enhance the reaction process of thermal catalysis, effectively reduce the temperature required for thermal catalytic water decomposition, and compared with the high temperature of nearly 2500K required for direct high-temperature pyrolysis of water to produce hydrogen, the present invention can greatly reduce the energy consumption of hydrogen production. Since the plasmon effect can reduce the temperature required for water decomposition, the low-temperature waste heat steam generated by power plants, chemical plants, refineries, etc. can be directly used as a raw material and energy source during hydrogen production, thereby reducing production costs, and the reaction process does not generate carbon emissions, avoiding environmental pollution problems, which is in line with the development trend of the circular economy and the development requirements of carbon neutrality, and brings positive and beneficial effects to energy conservation, emission reduction and mitigation of energy crises. Furthermore, the reactor of the present invention utilizes water decomposition to produce hydrogen, and the raw material composition is simple, thereby simplifying the composition of the hydrogen production system, simplifying the hydrogen production process, reducing the floor space occupied by the device, and can be used for large-scale hydrogen production.
[0058] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and substitutions should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A thermal catalytic water splitting reactor, characterized in that: The invention comprises a reaction tube, a temperature regulating device and a pressure monitoring device, wherein one end of the reaction tube is an air inlet end, and the other end of the reaction tube is an air outlet end, the air inlet end and the air outlet end are both sealed, the pressure monitoring device is arranged at the air inlet end, the temperature regulating device is arranged at the outer periphery of the tube body of the reaction tube, a catalyst layer is arranged inside the tube body of the reaction tube, a plasmon thermal catalyst is loaded in the catalyst layer, a diffuser layer and an airflow buffer layer are arranged in sequence on both sides of the catalyst layer along the axial direction of the reaction tube, and the airflow entering the air inlet end flows in sequence through the airflow buffer layer and the diffuser layer on one side, the catalyst layer, the diffuser layer and the airflow buffer layer on the other side, and flows out through the air outlet end; The plasmon thermal catalyst is composed of Au-Co-Mn alloy nanoparticles and titanium oxide particles, wherein the particle size of the Au-Co-Mn alloy nanoparticles is 50 nanometers to 300 nanometers, the particle size of the titanium oxide particles is 1 to 5 micrometers, and the weight ratio of the Au-Co-Mn alloy nanoparticles to the catalyst is 0.2 to 10%; during the reaction process, the plasmon thermal catalyst produces a plasmon effect to reduce the temperature required for water decomposition; The diffuser layer is filled with quartz sand, and the airflow buffer layer is filled with quartz wool; the catalytic layer, the diffuser layer and the airflow buffer layer are all arranged in the middle of the reaction tube; The catalytic layer, the diffuser layer and the airflow buffer layer are all coaxially arranged with the reaction tube; the catalytic layer, the diffuser layer and the airflow buffer layer are all cylindrical, the diameter of the cylinder is the same as the inner diameter of the reaction tube, and the thickness of the catalytic layer and the airflow buffer layer is greater than the thickness of the diffuser layer.
2. The thermal catalytic water splitting reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that The thermal catalytic water decomposition reactor also includes a shell, the tube body of the reaction tube and the temperature regulating device are both arranged in the shell, and the air inlet end and the air outlet end both extend to the outside of the shell.
3. The thermal catalytic water splitting reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The thermal catalytic water splitting reactor further comprises a fireproof layer, wherein the fireproof layer is arranged in the shell, and the fireproof layer is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the temperature regulating device.
4. The thermal catalytic water splitting reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature regulating device comprises a plurality of heating resistance wires, which are arranged on the outer peripheral side of the tube body of the reaction tube, and the plurality of heating resistance wires are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the reaction tube.
5. The thermal catalytic water splitting reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet end and the air outlet end are each provided with a three-way valve.
6. A thermal catalytic water decomposition hydrogen production system, characterized in that: It comprises a steam supply device, a hydrogen production reactor, a heat exchanger, a gas-liquid separation device and a gas separation device which are connected in sequence, wherein the steam supply device is used to provide hot steam, the hydrogen production reactor is a thermal catalytic water decomposition reactor as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, which is used to catalytically dissociate the hot steam to generate a mixed gas of hydrogen, oxygen and water vapor, the heat exchanger is used to cool the mixed gas to liquefy the water vapor into liquid water, the gas-liquid separation device is used to separate the liquid water from hydrogen and oxygen, and the gas separation device is used to separate hydrogen from oxygen.
7. The thermal catalytic water decomposition hydrogen production system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The gas-liquid separation device is also connected to the steam supply device.
8. A method for producing hydrogen using a thermal catalytic water decomposition hydrogen production system as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1, using a steam supply device to provide hot steam; Step S2, adding the hot steam generated by the steam supply device into the thermal catalytic water decomposition reactor, the hot steam dissociates water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen under the catalytic action of the plasmon thermal catalyst, and the mixed gas of hydrogen, oxygen and water vapor flows out of the thermal catalytic water decomposition reactor; Step S3, the mixed gas flowing out of the thermal catalytic water decomposition reactor enters a heat exchanger for cooling, and the water vapor is liquefied into liquid water after cooling; Step S4, the mixture of liquid water, hydrogen and oxygen enters a gas-liquid separation device, and the gas-liquid separation device separates the mixed gas of liquid water, hydrogen and oxygen respectively; In step S5, the mixed gas of hydrogen and oxygen enters a gas separation device, and is separated into hydrogen and oxygen respectively by the gas separation device.