Precision flexible grinding machine

Abstract

The present invention discloses a precision flexible grinding machine, which includes a grinding head, a cylinder body, a hollow piston rod, a piston body, a front guide sleeve, a rear guide sleeve, an elastic reset component, a universal bearing, a connecting seat and a rotation limiting component. The structural design of the present invention is ingenious and reasonable. The cylinder body, the hollow piston rod and the piston body form a cylinder, which can flexibly control the grinding pressure and buffer the impact force of the grinding head through air pressure. At the same time, the connecting seat is movably connected to the hollow piston rod through the universal bearing, so that the grinding head can swing arbitrarily and can swing accordingly with the change of the surface shape of the workpiece. Under the elastic action of the elastic reset component, the consistency of the grinding force can be ensured, avoiding the situation of being close or far or more or less, and improving the grinding and polishing quality. In addition, the overall structure is compact, the volume is small, the weight is reduced, and it is conducive to wide promotion and application, and it is particularly suitable for use in manipulators.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of polishing machines, and in particular to a precision flexible grinding machine. Background Art

[0002] In manufacturing enterprises, product quality and production efficiency are the main factors to improve enterprise competitiveness. In order to improve enterprise competitiveness, automated production is gradually replacing manual processing. In the process of improving the degree of automation in enterprise production, industrial robots have played a major role in promoting it.

[0003] In order to improve the grinding efficiency of mass-produced castings, reduce production costs, and avoid the harm of metal dust to grinding workers, industrial robots are usually used in combination with grinding tools to replace manual grinding and polishing of burrs for mass-produced castings.

[0004] The traditional method of using grinding tools and industrial robots is mostly to use rigid connections. The disadvantage of this connection method is that it is affected by the curved contour of the curved workpiece, and when the grinding head needs to be replaced, all the trajectory points of the industrial robot need to be recalibrated, which is time-consuming and laborious. In addition, for complex surfaces or corners, when the grinding head cannot be accurately positioned and the original programmed trajectory of the robot cannot be adjusted immediately, the grinding head often appears to be close to or away from the workpiece surface, or more or less on some places, resulting in too much grinding in some places and too little grinding in others. The grinding force of the workpiece is difficult to control during the grinding process, which seriously affects the grinding and polishing effect and has poor practicality. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings, the object of the present invention is to provide a precision flexible grinder with ingenious and reasonable structural design and good polishing effect.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution provided by the present invention is: a precision flexible grinder, which includes a grinding head, a cylinder body, a hollow piston rod, a piston body, a front guide sleeve, a rear guide sleeve, an elastic reset component, a universal bearing and a connecting seat, wherein the hollow piston rod is movably arranged in the cylinder body through the front guide sleeve and the rear guide sleeve, and a rotation-limiting component is provided to prevent the hollow piston rod from rotating relative to the cylinder body; the piston body is sleeved on the hollow piston rod corresponding to the position between the front guide sleeve and the rear guide sleeve, and there is a gap between the piston body and the front guide sleeve. A front air cavity is formed, and a rear air cavity is formed between the piston body and the rear guide sleeve, and the cylinder body is provided with a front air inlet and a rear air inlet and an outlet which are connected to the corresponding front air cavity and the rear air cavity; the connecting seat includes a grinding head flange and a connecting shaft vertically arranged on the grinding head flange, the connecting shaft extends into the hollow piston rod and is arranged on the hollow piston rod through a universal bearing, the elastic reset component is arranged at the axial centerline position in the hollow piston rod, and the front end of the elastic reset component is connected to the connecting shaft, and the grinding head is installed on the grinding head flange.

[0007] As an improvement of the present invention, the piston body includes a ring body made of self-lubricating nylon, which is fixed to the hollow piston rod by a retaining ring. The front guide sleeve and the rear guide sleeve are both sleeve bodies made of self-lubricating nylon. The piston body, the front guide sleeve and the rear guide sleeve are all made of self-lubricating nylon, which effectively reduces friction and is more conducive to improving the flexibility of the piston body, thereby improving the control accuracy of the grinding force and improving the grinding effect.

[0008] As an improvement of the present invention, the outer diameter of the rear guide sleeve is larger than the outer diameter of the front guide sleeve, and the upper part of the inner cavity of the cylinder body is radially recessed to form an upper installation cavity adapted to the outer contour of the rear guide sleeve. The lower part of the inner cavity of the cylinder body is radially protruded to form a convex strip for limiting the front guide sleeve. It is convenient to limit the installation of the front guide sleeve and the rear guide sleeve, and the assembly stability is good.

[0009] As an improvement of the present invention, the rear end opening of the cylinder body is closed with an end cover, and the front end opening is expanded outward to form an assembly port, which has a simple and reasonable structure.

[0010] As an improvement of the present invention, the rear end of the elastic reset component is arranged in the hollow piston rod through a fixing plate, which is easy to implement.

[0011] As an improvement of the present invention, the limiting rotation component is in the shape of a strip, the rear end of the limiting rotation component is eccentrically fixed on the end cover, the front end of the limiting rotation component is vertically downward, and a limiting rotation hole matched with the limiting rotation component is provided on the fixed plate. The limiting rotation component cooperates with the limiting rotation hole to prevent the hollow piston rod from rotating relative to the cylinder body.

[0012] As an improvement of the present invention, the grinding head flange is located at the assembly opening, and a brush in contact with the outer wall of the grinding head flange is provided on the inner wall of the assembly opening to improve the dust prevention effect.

[0013] As an improvement of the present invention, the elastic force reset component is a spring, which is used for resetting the grinding head after the grinding head is positioned and stressed by wrist force. The grinding head is a pneumatic grinding machine head, and the coordination effect is good.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the structural design of the present invention is ingenious and reasonable. The cylinder is composed of a cylinder body, a hollow piston rod and a piston body, which can flexibly control the grinding pressure and buffer the impact force of the grinding head through air pressure. At the same time, the connecting seat is movably connected to the hollow piston rod through a universal bearing, so that the grinding head can swing arbitrarily and can swing accordingly with the change of the surface shape of the workpiece. Under the cooperation of the elastic force of the elastic reset component, the consistency of the grinding force can be ensured, avoiding the situation of being close and distant or more or less of one and the other, thereby improving the quality of grinding and polishing. In addition, the overall structure is compact, the size is small, and the weight is reduced, which is conducive to wide promotion and application, and is particularly suitable for use on manipulators.

[0015] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the decomposition structure of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] For example, see Figures 1 to 3 The present embodiment provides a precision flexible grinder, which includes a grinding head 1, a cylinder 2, a hollow piston rod 3, a piston body 4, a front guide sleeve 5, a rear guide sleeve 6, an elastic reset component 7, a universal bearing 8, a connecting seat 9 and a rotation limiting component 10. The grinding head 1 is preferably a pneumatic grinding head, which can be pneumatically controlled for better coordination.

[0020] In order to improve the sealing effect, the traditional piston body 4 is mostly made of plastic, which has a large friction resistance and is not conducive to accurately controlling the telescopic action of the hollow piston rod 3. In the present embodiment, the piston body 4, the front guide sleeve 5 and the rear guide sleeve 6 are preferably made of self-lubricating nylon, which has a good lubrication effect, is conducive to improving the flexibility of the piston body 4 telescopic, and then improves the control accuracy of the grinding force, and improves the grinding effect. At the same time, relatively speaking, the use of self-lubricating nylon to make the piston body 4, the front guide sleeve 5 and the rear guide sleeve 6 relative to plastic, not only has a good lubrication effect, a long service life, and the cooperation is relatively not tight, with a certain gap, so that the high-pressure gas in the cylinder body 2 will flow out from these gaps, achieve the exhaust dust removal effect, and prevent foreign matter from entering the cylinder body 2. According to the amount of gas flowing out, the corresponding air intake can be compensated and increased on the basis of the previous standard air intake to achieve a balanced effect, which does not constitute an impact.

[0021] For the convenience of setting, the outer diameter of the rear guide sleeve 6 is larger than the outer diameter of the front guide sleeve 5. The rear end opening of the cylinder body 2 is closed with an end cover 21, and the front end opening is expanded to form an assembly port 22. The upper part of the inner cavity of the cylinder body 2 is radially recessed to form an upper mounting cavity that matches the outer contour of the rear guide sleeve 6. The rear guide sleeve 6 is located in the upper mounting cavity. The lower part of the inner cavity of the cylinder body 2 is radially raised to form a convex strip for limiting the position of the front guide sleeve 5. The front guide sleeve 5 is located at the lower part of the inner cavity and is limited and supported by the convex strip.

[0022] The hollow piston rod 3 is movably arranged in the front guide sleeve 5 and the rear guide sleeve 6 and can perform telescopic movements relative to the cylinder body 2.

[0023] The piston body 4 is sleeved on the hollow piston rod 3 at a position corresponding to the position between the front guide sleeve 5 and the rear guide sleeve 6. Specifically, two snap ring grooves 31 are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the hollow piston rod 3, and the distance between the two snap ring grooves 31 is adapted to the thickness of the piston body 4. The piston body 4 is sleeved on the position between the two snap ring grooves 31, and then the snap ring 32 is inserted into the two snap ring grooves 31, and the piston body 4 is fixed on the hollow piston rod 3 through the two snap rings 32. At this time, a front air cavity 23 is formed between the lower part of the piston body 4 and the front guide sleeve 5, and a rear air cavity 24 is formed between the upper part of the piston body 4 and the rear guide sleeve 6.

[0024] The cylinder body 2 is provided with a front air inlet and outlet 25 and a rear air inlet and outlet 26 which are connected to the corresponding front air cavity 23 and the rear air cavity 24; when high-pressure gas is input into the front air inlet and outlet 25, the hollow piston rod 3 is pushed back; when high-pressure gas is input into the rear air inlet and outlet 26, the hollow piston rod 3 is pushed out. The purpose of accurately controlling the grinding pressure is achieved by controlling the intake amount of high-pressure gas into the front air inlet and outlet 25 and the rear air inlet and outlet 26 through a flow control valve.

[0025] The coupling seat 9 includes a grinding head flange 91 and a coupling shaft 92 vertically arranged on the grinding head flange 91, and the grinding head 1 is installed on the grinding head flange 91. The outer shaft surface of the coupling shaft 92 is provided with an external thread, and the center position of the end surface is provided with a screw hole. The inner ring of the universal bearing 8 is sleeved and fixed on the coupling shaft 92, and then the nut 93 is screwed in to realize the assembly of the universal bearing 8 on the coupling shaft 92. The outer ring of the universal bearing 8 is assembled in the hollow piston rod 3 by interference fit.

[0026] The elastic force reset component 7 is a spring, with a fixing plate 71 welded to its upper end and a mounting plate 72 welded to its lower end. A screw 73 passes through the mounting plate 72 and is screwed into the screw hole of the connecting shaft 92 to achieve the purpose of connecting with the connecting shaft 92.

[0027] The fixing plate 71 is fixed to the upper end of the inner hole of the hollow piston rod 3 , so that the elastic force reset component 7 is arranged at the axial center line position in the hollow piston rod 3 .

[0028] In this embodiment, the rotation-limiting component 10 is in the shape of a strip, such as a guide column. The rear ends of the two rotation-limiting components 10 are correspondingly arranged on the end cover 21, that is, the two rotation-limiting components 10 deviate from the center of the circle and are eccentrically fixed on the end cover 21. Corresponding to the positions of the two rotation-limiting components 10, the fixing plate 71 is provided with a rotation-limiting hole adapted to the rotation-limiting component 10, and the front ends of the two rotation-limiting components 10 just pass through the rotation-limiting hole, thereby preventing the hollow piston rod 3 from rotating relative to the cylinder body 2. In other embodiments, the rotation-limiting component 10 can also be an axial convex strip, which is located on the hollow piston rod 3, and an axial groove adapted to the axial convex strip is provided on the front guide sleeve 5 and the rear guide sleeve 6. Through the cooperation of the axial convex strip and the axial groove, the rotation of the hollow piston rod 3 relative to the cylinder body 2 can also be limited.

[0029] After assembly, the grinding head flange 91 is located on the assembly opening 22. To improve the dustproof effect, a circle of brushes is provided on the inner wall of the assembly opening 22. The brushes can contact with the outer wall of the grinding head flange 91 to form a shielding structure, which has a good dustproof effect.

[0030] During operation, the invented precision flexible grinder is installed on the manipulator, and the grinding head 1, the front air inlet and outlet 25, and the rear air inlet and outlet 26 are connected to the air supply assembly. Then, the flow control valve is used to control the high-pressure gas intake of the front air inlet and outlet 25 and the rear air inlet and outlet 26 to achieve precise control of the grinding pressure, and the air pressure is used to buffer the impact force on the grinding head 1. At the same time, since the connecting seat 9 is movably connected to the hollow piston rod 3 through the universal bearing 8, the grinding head 1 can swing arbitrarily during the grinding process, and can swing accordingly with the change of the surface shape of the workpiece, and can be better attached to the surface of the workpiece. Under the compensation of the elastic force of the elastic reset component 7, the consistency of the grinding force can be ensured, avoiding the situation of being close or distant or more or less, and the grinding and polishing effect is good, ensuring product quality.

[0031] According to the disclosure and teaching of the above description, those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs may also make changes and modifications to the above embodiments. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and described above, and some modifications and changes to the present invention should also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention. In addition, although some specific terms are used in this specification, these terms are only for the convenience of description and do not constitute any limitation to the present invention. As described in the above embodiments of the present invention, other machines obtained by using the same or similar structures are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A precision flexible grinding machine, comprising a grinding head, characterized in that: It also includes a cylinder body, a hollow piston rod, a piston body, a front guide sleeve, a rear guide sleeve, an elastic reset component, a universal bearing and a connecting seat, the hollow piston rod is movably arranged in the cylinder body through the front guide sleeve and the rear guide sleeve, and is provided with a rotation limiting component that can prevent the hollow piston rod from rotating relative to the cylinder body; the piston body is sleeved on the hollow piston rod, and a front air cavity is formed between the piston body and the front guide sleeve, and a rear air cavity is formed between the piston body and the rear guide sleeve, and the cylinder body is provided with a front air inlet and a rear air inlet and an outlet communicating with the corresponding front air cavity and the rear air cavity; the connecting seat includes a grinding head flange and a connecting shaft vertically arranged on the grinding head flange, the connecting shaft extends into the hollow piston rod and is arranged on the hollow piston rod through a universal bearing, the elastic reset component is arranged at the axial centerline position in the hollow piston rod, and the front end of the elastic reset component is connected to the connecting shaft, and the grinding head is mounted on the grinding head flange.

2. The precision flexible grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piston body comprises a ring body made of self-lubricating nylon, and the ring body is fixed on the hollow piston rod through a retaining spring.

3. The precision flexible grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front guide sleeve and the rear guide sleeve are both sleeve bodies made of self-lubricating nylon.

4. The precision flexible grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the rear guide sleeve is greater than the outer diameter of the front guide sleeve, and the upper portion of the inner cavity of the cylinder body is radially recessed to form an upper mounting cavity that matches the outer contour of the rear guide sleeve.

5. The precision flexible grinding machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lower part of the inner cavity of the cylinder body radially protrudes to form a convex strip for limiting the front guide sleeve.

6. The precision flexible grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rear end opening of the cylinder body is closed with an end cover, and the front end opening is expanded outward to form an assembly opening.

7. The precision flexible grinding machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rear end of the elastic force reset component is arranged in the hollow piston rod through a fixing plate.

8. The precision flexible grinding machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The rotation-limiting component is in the shape of a strip, the rear end of which is eccentrically fixed on the end cover, the front end of which is vertically downward, and a rotation-limiting hole matched with the rotation-limiting component is provided on the fixing plate.

9. The precision flexible grinding machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The grinding head flange is located at the assembly opening, and a brush in contact with the outer wall of the grinding head flange is provided on the inner wall of the assembly opening.

10. The precision flexible grinding machine according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The elastic force reset component is a spring, and the grinding head is a pneumatic grinding head.

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